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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 101",
    "title": "College Success Tools",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 102) Introduces students to tools, strategies, and resources designed to help build stronger academic foundations and make informed choices that will lead to college success. Students will plan their academic path, improve their study habits, and connect to campus and online resources to enhance their educational experience and achieve their goals.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 107",
    "title": "Choosing a Major or Career",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 111A) Introduces the career planning process, focusing on students' individualized career planning needs, decision-making, and goal setting. The course utilizes varied resources and tools that support personal and career assessment and exploration.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 108",
    "title": "Job Search and Workplace Basics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 111B) Develops key strategies to help students find satisfying work. Students will learn how to connect their employment objectives to their education and work experience. Topics include resume writing, interviewing, job search skills, and workplace basics.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 111",
    "title": "Student Success Seminar",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Engages students in a compelling real-world topic through which they will refine and enhance skills needed for academic and professional success, utilize campus support systems and academic technology, and create an academic plan that aligns with career and professional goals. Students cannot receive credit for both ACCE 111 and ACCE 112.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 130",
    "title": "Career Assessment and Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 110) Develops critical methods needed to make a satisfying career decision based on research and goal setting strategies that lead to personal and professional success. Students will acquire the skills needed to make informed choices abut their education and career. Students will evaluate their strengths, values, interests, and personality in order to identify possible career options. Students will learn techniques for researching career options and making decisions about their future while creating a learning/career portfolio upon which they can build throughout their college career.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 140",
    "title": "Introduction to Leadership",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 140) Examines leadership through an analysis of various leadership qualities and styles in the fields of business, government, the law, and the military. By utilizing a wide variety of sources, including readings, films, and experiential exercises, students will explore the concept of leadership as well as developing/improving their own leadership skills.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 150",
    "title": "STEM Seminar 1",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to tools, strategies, and resources that improve study skills and connect students to campus. Students will build an academic plan and engage in STEM career explorations. This course may include off-campus learning opportunities that occur outside of regular course hours.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 160",
    "title": "STEM Seminar 2",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds on concepts from STEM Seminar 1. Students will develop information literacy and explore current research in their proposed field. Students are connected to technology training, practice scholarly presentations, and explore transfer institutions. This course may include off-campus learning opportunities that occur outside of regular course hours.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 260",
    "title": "STEM Seminar 3",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds on concepts from STEM Seminar 2. Introduces experimental design. Students will create a resume or curriculum vitae, solicit letters or reference, explore internships, and apply to transfer institutions or explore career opportunities. Students will participate in guided mentoring of first year STEM students. This course may include off-campus learning opportunities that occur outside of regular course hours.",
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    "id": "frederick-000001",
    "code": "ACCE 270",
    "title": "STEM Seminar 4",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds on concepts from STEM Seminar 3. Using journaling, students will reflect on their FCC coursework and experiences as they prepare for entry into careers or for transfer, and will practice scholarly research and presentation skills. Students will participate in guided mentoring of first year STEM students. This course may include off-campus learning opportunities that occur outside of regular course hours.",
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 100",
    "title": "Business Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Demonstrates the accounting principles and procedures used by a business in setting up and maintaining records for reporting purposes. Topics include the accounting cycle, preparation of the financial statements, payroll and banking procedures, and computerized recordkeeping.",
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 101",
    "title": "Principles of Accounting I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces financial accounting principles and procedures related to accounting theory and practice. The recording of transactions under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the analysis of financial statements are covered from a user's perspective.",
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      "frederick-000098",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 102",
    "title": "Principles of Accounting II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues the study of financial accounting with an examination of the Statement of Cash Flows and the analysis of financial statements. Introduces managerial accounting concepts used for planning and controlling the business enterprise.",
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      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 111",
    "title": "Computerized Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Demonstrates the use of commercial software in managing the accounting functions of a business enterprise. Using a hands-on approach, students will learn how to set up a fully integrated accounting system to record sales invoices, collections, purchase invoices, disbursements, and payroll transactions. Students will also set up and maintain inventory and accounts receivable/payable subsidiary ledgers and prepare financial reports.",
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      "frederick-000072",
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 117",
    "title": "Payroll Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the concepts, regulations, laws and procedures related to payroll accounting. The course is comprehensive and detailed to prepare students to be competent to account for the payroll of all businesses. Includes hands-on preparation of all payroll forms, schedules, records, and applications of different systems.",
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      "frederick-000070",
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 201",
    "title": "Intermediate Accounting I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Reviews generally accepted accounting principles and the conceptual framework of financial accounting. Provides an intensive study of accounting procedures, work papers, financial statement preparation, and disclosure of financial statement items. Analyzes revenue recognition concepts and the proper accounting for cash, receivables, and inventories.",
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      "frederick-000074"
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 202",
    "title": "Intermediate Accounting II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an intensive study of accounting for tangible and intangible assets, current and non-current liabilities, stockholders' equity, and investments. Emphasis is placed on proper accounting and financial statement disclosure of earnings per share, leases, deferred income taxes, and accounting changes, with an analysis of time value of money applications.",
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      "frederick-000074"
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    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 203",
    "title": "Managerial Cost Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents accounting information that is used by managers for planning, directing and controlling the business. Both short-term operational planning and long-term strategic planning concepts are covered. Specific topics include accounting for product costs vs. period costs, job-order costing and process costing, cost behavior analysis, Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) decision making, activity-abased and standard costing, and capital budgeting.",
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      "frederick-000072",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 205",
    "title": "Federal Income Tax Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers current federal revenue acts as they relate to business and individual tax procedures. Includes income inclusions and exclusions, exemptions, capital gains and losses and business and individual deductions. Encourages use of tax forms but requires independent analysis of taxable status and handling income-expense items.",
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      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000072",
      "frederick-000073",
      "frederick-000074"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 206",
    "title": "Federal Taxation: Corporations and Partnerships",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focuses on the federal taxation rules as they apply to corporations, partnerships, estates and trusts.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 214",
    "title": "Auditing",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines auditing principles and their application to the examination of financial statements. Special attention to authoritative pronouncements, internal control, auditing procedures and working papers as well as professional ethics and responsibilities. Students perform an auditing case study outside of class.",
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      "frederick-000074"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 216",
    "title": "Governmental and Not-for-Profit Accounting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the environment, characteristics, principles, and practices associated with governmental and not-for-profit accounting. Major areas explored include fund accounting, fund types, revenue and expenditure recognition, and financial reporting.",
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      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000072",
      "frederick-000073",
      "frederick-000074"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000002",
    "code": "ACCT 220",
    "title": "Accounting Information Systems",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Analyzes the relationship of Accounting Information Systems to accounting and business. Areas explored will include risk assessment and management, business processes and controls, systems/process documentation, applications software, data analysis, and data visualization. Students will use applications software to apply course concepts.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
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      "frederick-000074"
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    "id": "frederick-000003",
    "code": "ANTH 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Anthropology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents general patterns of the development of human culture and the basic principles of social anthropology and ethnology. Provides field work experience and emphasizes concepts of the modern practical views of anthropology.",
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      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000156"
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    "id": "frederick-000003",
    "code": "ANTH 103",
    "title": "Introduction to Archeology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Emphasizes archaeological tools, methods, interests and interpretations. Techniques of recording, preserving and organizing data will be practiced. Involves scouting of sites, test diggings and research of the known historical past. Provides a field study of the area.",
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      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000003",
    "code": "ANTH 105",
    "title": "Biological Anthropology and Human Evolution",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents general patterns of the development of human evolution and the basic principles of biological anthropology and human biology. Provides practical experience and emphasizes concepts of the modern views of biological anthropology.",
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    "id": "frederick-000004",
    "code": "ARBC 101",
    "title": "Introductory Arabic I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LAR 101) Introduces the fundamentals of the Arabic language both written and spoken. Offers a strong foundation in the language through development of vocabulary, grammar, reading, and conversational skills. Offers insights into Arabic culture and customs.",
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    "id": "frederick-000004",
    "code": "ARBC 102",
    "title": "Introductory Arabic II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LAR 102) Continues the fundamentals of the Arabic language, both written and spoken. Offers a strong foundation in the language through further development of vocabulary, grammar, reading, and conversational skills. Provides insights into Arabic culture and customs.",
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    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 100",
    "title": "Introduction to the Creative Arts",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly AR 100) Introduces students to the areas of visual arts, dance, music, and theater through an exploration of representative works with a global perspective. The study of the creative arts will develop critical appreciation for the arts, enhance self-expression, and provide a better understanding of the human experience. In person or virtual engagement with an art exhibition and two live performances is required. The course meets the Maryland state approved Associate of Arts in Teaching degree.",
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    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 101",
    "title": "Foundations of Studio Art I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the elements of composition and the principles of design. Through theories, practices, and drawing techniques of two-dimensional design, this course will develop skills critical to fine artists, illustrators, graphic designers, and those interested in organizing visual information necessary to engage in creative problem solving. Students will acquire the visual literacy needed to create and assess works of art. Students will work primarily in black and white. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 102",
    "title": "Foundations of Studio Art II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds on the design concepts of ARTT 101 . Explores the principles of visual organization and communication using color and three-dimensional form.",
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    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 103",
    "title": "The History of Art: Non-Western",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly AR 103) Surveys the major developments in painting, sculpture, and architecture created in non-western cultures around the world. Emphasizes a global perspective and illuminates the historical/artistic interaction of world cultures. Provides an overview of the visual arts created in India, China, Japan, Islam, Africa, Oceania, and the pre-Columbian cultures of North and South America. A museum visit or virtual equivalent is required.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 104",
    "title": "The History of Art: Prehistoric to Early Renaissance",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys the major developments in painting, sculpture, and architecture from prehistoric times to the Italian Renaissance. Explores multi-cultural diversity through the study of the history of civilization, religion, myth, literature, politics, and the human condition as manifested in the visual arts. A museum visit or virtual equivalent is required.",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "ARTT 105",
    "title": "The History of Art: Renaissance to Modern",
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    "description": "Surveys the major developments in painting, sculpture and architecture from the Italian Renaissance to the present. Explores multi-cultural diversity through the study of the history of civilization, religion, myth, literature, politics and the human condition as manifested in the visual arts. A museum visit or virtual equivalent is required.",
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    "code": "ARTT 106",
    "title": "Drawing I",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the development of observational skills and rendering techniques through the use of still life and other subject matter. Develops an understanding of the elements of composition and arts vocabulary. These skills will be used to assess works of art. Students will work primarily in black and white, though color pastels may be explored. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "code": "ARTT 107",
    "title": "Drawing II",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues ARTT 106 with advanced analysis of problems involved in drawing. Introduces new materials and avenues of expression with a special emphasis on color. Students will further develop and refine drawing techniques while exploring personal content and style. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "code": "ARTT 108",
    "title": "Introduction to Color Theory and Design",
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    "description": "(formerly AR 115) Introduces students to the basic principles and elements of color theory. Through lectures, still images, and in-class studio work, students will develop an awareness of color and a deeper understanding of color theory and practice. Topics include the scientific, psychological, and aesthetic aspects of color. Historic examples of color trends in art and design will also be discussed.",
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    "code": "ARTT 109",
    "title": "Survey of African American Art History",
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    "description": "Surveys the major developments of African-American visual arts encompassing African-American art forms and the arts of the African Diaspora, with a focus on the varied work of African-American artists from the 18th century through the present. A visit to an art museum is required or use the websites provided by the instructor.",
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    "code": "ARTT 110",
    "title": "Introduction to Watercolor I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces transparent watercolor techniques including wash and dry brush, ink, and watercolor and expanded uses intermixing with mixed media.",
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    "code": "ARTT 111",
    "title": "Watercolor II",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Expands techniques developed in ARTT 110 emphasizing personal expression in watercolor painting. Explores the various advanced methods in watercolor painting, observing works of traditional and contemporary artists.",
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    "code": "ARTT 112",
    "title": "Jewelry Design",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores metal as a medium for the expression of art. Students will use various construction techniques, to achieve well-conceived and designed jewelry and metal arts objects.",
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    "code": "ARTT 113",
    "title": "Pottery I",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly AR 113) Explores clay as a medium for the expression of art. Uses various production techniques, decorating and glazing methods to achieve well-conceived and designed objects of ceramic art.",
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    "code": "ARTT 114",
    "title": "Pottery II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advances the study of the nature of ceramic art. Skills and techniques learned in Pottery I are refined and advanced. Chemical information and historical traditions are elaborated upon to prepare the student for the production of fine ceramic art.",
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    "code": "ARTT 119",
    "title": "Pottery: The Wood Kiln",
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    "description": "(formerly AR 119) Explores wood-firing as a medium for the expression of ceramic art. Uses various production techniques, decorating and glazing techniques, along with wood kiln firing methods to achieve well-conceived and well-designed objects of ceramic art.",
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    "code": "ARTT 134",
    "title": "Digital Photography I",
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    "description": "(formerly FILM 134) Designed for students interested in developing digital photography skills. The class will introduce basic concepts for acquiring digital images and the process of manipulating the images through the use of industry standard software. Hands-on instruction will include the digital darkroom process and manipulation of digital photographs. A portfolio of digital photography work will be produced by the end of the semester.",
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    "code": "ARTT 204",
    "title": "Illustration I",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Concentrates on the development of hand skills and concepts, which are an important part of the magic of narrative picture making. Explores material resources and their proper use for visual communication. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "code": "ARTT 205",
    "title": "Illustration II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops individual style and interpretation. While class assignments are given, individual preferences are welcomed and encouraged. Considers illustration for books, social comment, etc. Study and discussion of slides and sometimes films on the work of past masters and current trends. Critiques and discussions on works in progress.",
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    "code": "ARTT 206",
    "title": "Introduction to Figure Study",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offers an intensive study in drawing and painting of the human figure, action, volume, structure and anatomy. Nude models will serve as the primary subjects for course work. Students enrolling in this course should feel comfortable working from a nude model.",
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    "code": "ARTT 207",
    "title": "Painting I",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the fundamental concepts and techniques of painting in oils or acrylic. Compositional problems based on still-life, interior and exterior space will be explored. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "code": "ARTT 208",
    "title": "Painting II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues ARTT 207 with advanced analysis of problems involved in oil and acrylic painting. Develops skills in the preparation of the canvas and in the production of representational, abstract, and other styles of paintings. Students must furnish supplies.",
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    "code": "ARTT 210",
    "title": "Sculpture",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to a variety of sculptural practices. A number of methods for producing sculpture will be explored including both subtractive and additive processes. Sculpture's long and broad history will provide students with precedents for class projects and will connect student work to the continuum of art history. Nude models may serve as the subject for some course work. Students enrolling in this course should feel comfortable working from a nude model. Students will provide all materials required for completion of projects.",
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    "code": "ARTT 212",
    "title": "Jewelry Design 2",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores advanced designs in jewelry as a medium for the expression of art. Students will use various construction techniques to achieve well-conceived and designed jewelry and metal arts objects.",
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    "id": "frederick-000005",
    "code": "ARTT 220",
    "title": "Intermediate Sculpture",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offers further investigation of material and techniques introduced in Sculpture. Assignments will focus on a limited number of concepts. This provides the students with a framework to begin the process of portfolio development and the opportunity to work in series. Students will provide all materials required for completion of projects.",
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    "code": "ASLS 120",
    "title": "Visual Gestural Communication",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to manual gestures as a form of communication serving as a basis of visual language. Students will focus on the ability to think in pictures, developing coherent expressive and receptive communication skills to gain a better understanding of the basic structures of American Sign Language. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (5 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "code": "ASLS 121",
    "title": "American Sign Language I",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "Introduces students to American Sign Language (ASL). Students will begin developing basic ASL skills including comprehension of a message in ASL, and demonstration of correct basic ASL to English and English to ASL interpretation. Students will demonstrate this by correctly using a variety of ASL grammar features. Students will also develop beginner level sign vocabulary. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (15 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "code": "ASLS 122",
    "title": "American Sign Language II",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "Develops students' skills in ASL to the intermediate level. Skills include comprehension of a message in ASL, demonstration of correct ASL to English and English to ASL interpretation at the intermediate level, and identification of cultural practices and characteristics of the Deaf Community. Utilizing the five parameters of ASL, students will develop comprehension and practice expression of intermediate grammatical features in given dialogues. Expands students' sign vocabulary and refines skills in fingerspelling and numbering, identification and use of iconic and abstract signs, and interpersonal communication. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (15 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "code": "ASLS 123",
    "title": "American Sign Language Fingerspelling and Number Use",
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    "description": "Provides an in-depth study of American Sign Language Fingerspelling and Numbering. ASL Fingerspelling and Numbering is a crucial component of ASL. Focuses on developing receptive and expressive fingerspelling and numbering skills. Through class activities, this course covers names of people, cities, states, titles of books, movies, brand names, and lexicalized fingerspelling. This course also covers five systems in ASL Number Use: cardinal, ordinal, incorporation, unique, and sports system.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 124",
    "title": "Introduction to Deaf Community and History",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ASLS 106) Investigates the history, contributions, and contemporary issues of Deaf people within the community. Explores Deaf identity, education, language, heritage, power, literature, diversity, and art using a community lens.",
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    "code": "ASLS 125",
    "title": "Depictive Verbs and Classifiers in ASL",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Studies the role of depicting verbs/classifiers within various types of signed narratives. Students will identify three categories of depicting verbs. Provides practice identifying classifiers and any accompanying non-manual markers upon seeing a signed narrative. Students will detect when and decide which classifiers and non-manual markers should be expressed when signing various narratives. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (15 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 223",
    "title": "American Sign Language III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops students' skills in ASL to the competent level. Skills include comprehension of a message in ASL, demonstration of correct ASL to English and English to ASL interpretation at the intermediate level, and identification of cultural practices and characteristics of the Deaf Community. Utilizing the five parameters of ASL, students will develop comprehension and practice expression of competent-level grammatical features in given dialogues. Further expands students' sign vocabulary and refines skills in fingerspelling and numbering, identification and use of iconic and abstract signs, and interpersonal communication. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (15 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 224",
    "title": "American Sign Language IV",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops students' skills in ASL to the competent-proficient level. Skills include comprehension of a message in ASL, demonstration of correct ASL to English and English to ASL interpretation. Utilizing the five parameters of ASL, students will develop comprehension, practice expression of competent-proficient level grammatical features in given dialogues, and further expand their sign vocabulary to the competent-proficient level. Students will be required to attend tutoring sessions (15 hours) beyond the scheduled class times.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 225",
    "title": "American Sign Language V",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ASLS 207 experimental) Presents the advanced skills used in American Sign Language. Includes vocabulary and grammar related to the exchange of storytelling, ASL idioms, analyzing ASL concepts, and more complicated ASL skills. This is the last of a five-semester ASL sequence. Skills developed from previous courses allow students to share personal and biographical stories and retell stories with simple plots, such as children's stories. Students will increase their understanding of a competence in using conversational strategies and culturally appropriate interaction skills.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 226",
    "title": "American Sign Language VI",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Applies knowledge of American Sign Language (ASL V) grammar and vocabulary to the description of increasingly complex constructs, processes and situations. Students incorporate multiple character role shifting into medium-length stories, narratives and the discussion of hypothetical issues. Students also continue to learn about the similarities and differences between ASL and English linguistic features. Information on cultural values and attitudes as they relate to the deaf community is also examined.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 228",
    "title": "ASL Conversations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops students' expressive and receptive American Sign Language (ASL) skills in real world contexts. Students will engage in structured conversations, practice vocabulary and grammar in everyday situations, and work with video assignments through GoReact to improve signing skills. The course will provide opportunities to interact with Deaf community members to gain cultural insights and real-world perspectives.",
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    "id": "frederick-000006",
    "code": "ASLS 230",
    "title": "Deaf Culture and Oppression",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides students with an overview of the historical, philosophical, and social aspects of the lives of Deaf people in the United States. Introduces students to the experiences of Deaf people, including their daily lives and cultural, educational, and employment experiences. Examines various forms of oppression across diverse hearing cultures and communities, and their potential parallels within the Deaf community. Strives to develop a sense of cultural humility and an appreciation of perspectives from the Deaf community in order to generate allyship.",
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    "code": "ASLS 232",
    "title": "Introduction to the Structure of ASL",
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    "code": "ASLS 234",
    "title": "Discourse Features and Analysis in ASL",
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    "description": "Prepares students to understand ASL discourse by recognizing features of discourse and structure used in American Sign Language, including registers, depiction, blends, relevant ASL language discourse features related to spatial mapping, prosody, fingerspelling, discourse structures, involvement and interaction strategies, coherence and cohesion, and framing. Discourse mapping and different types of mapping will be applied as part of discourse analysis. Discourse features in English will be examined and compared with ASL features.",
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    "code": "ASLS 236",
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    "description": "Provides American Sign Language students with an opportunity to gain knowledge and skills from a planned \"outside the classroom\" experience with native ASL users in the community. In addition to meeting the Core Learning Outcomes, students will gain invaluable language experience in an immersion experience.",
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    "title": "Independent Study: American Sign Language Studies",
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    "code": "BIOT 101",
    "title": "Biotechnology and Society",
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    "description": "(formerly BI 140) Presents an overview of biotechnology and its scientific foundation through introductory investigations of the cell, protein structure and function, genetic expression, ecological and evolutionary interactions, and technological applications and issues. Introduces how science blends with consumer applications, regulatory information and social issues to provide a detailed perspective of the interrelationship among science, technology and society. May include one or more mandatory field trips, and/or guest lecturers.",
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    "code": "BIOT 102",
    "title": "Regulatory Aspects of Biotechnology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BPM 102) Presents the tenets of Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs) and regulations relevant to the biotechnology and bioprocessing manufacturing industries. Importance of inspections and monitoring are discussed. Work-related issues are introduced such as workplace conduct, employer expectations, company organization and policy, personal safety, and industrial hygiene. May include one or more mandatory field trips and/or guest lecturers.",
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      "frederick-000093"
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    "code": "BIOT 103",
    "title": "Basic Lab Techniques",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BPM 103) Focuses on the basic principles and procedures used in all laboratory courses. Includes safety, equipment usage, areas of the lab and testing involved, quality control/quality assurance, lab math, and professionalism.",
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    "code": "BIOT 110",
    "title": "Molecular Biology Techniques",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BPM 110) Introduces the common molecular Biology techniques such as DNA & RNA extraction, cloning, RT-PCR, and CRISPR and their applications in the biotech industry. Emphasizes measurements of pH and spectrophotometry and biochemical and analytical methods.",
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    "code": "BIOT 130",
    "title": "Forensic Biology",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BI 130) Introduces the principles and concepts of the biological aspects of forensic science. Examines the role of the laboratory in criminal investigation and human identification using forensic pathology, serology, anthropology, molecular biology, and other specializations. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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    "code": "BIOT 214",
    "title": "Introduction to Biomanufacturing",
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    "description": "(formerly BPM 214) Introduces practices used in the industry to manufacture a biological material or product, as well as problem-solving strategies. Emphasizes and demonstrates aseptic technique, upstream and downstream processes, and quality control through hands-on laboratory activities. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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    "code": "BIOT 220",
    "title": "Cell Biology and Cell Culture Techniques",
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    "description": "(formerly BI 220) Introduces cellular organization, regulation, energy transport, and division. Discusses gene expression and interaction in relation to cellular biology. Presents tissue culture in the laboratory setting as a medium for bioprocess manufacturing. May include one or more mandatory field trips and/or guest lecturers. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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    "code": "BIOT 222",
    "title": "Cell Therapy and Flow Cytometry",
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    "description": "Introduces students to the cell therapy field and the associated analytical flow cytometry technique. Students will master the principles of flow cytometry, sample preparation, acquisition, and data analysis. Other techniques used in cell therapy industry such as isolation of T cells, T cell activation, ELISA, fluorescent microscopy, and PCR will be explored. The course may include one or more guest lecturers.",
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    "code": "BIOT 224",
    "title": "Gene Therapy Fundamentals",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the gene therapy field and the fundamentals of viral vectors. The overview of gene therapy drug development process, types of viral vectors and their components, and viral production and purification will be taught. Hands-on training for techniques used in the gene therapy industry including cell and virus banking, plasmid isolation, transfection and transduction, Tangential Flow Filtration, digital PCR, and ion exchange chromatography using AKTA go system will be taught. The course may include one or more guest lectures.",
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    "code": "BLDT 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Building Trades",
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    "description": "(formerly BLD 101) Introduces the foundational knowledge and essential skills required for entry into the building trades. Students explore the phases of the construction process, roles and responsibilities within the industry, and core concepts such as construction safety, basic construction math, blueprint reading, site planning, estimating, and project scheduling. Emphasis is placed on health and safety practices consistent with industry and OSHA standards. Students receive an overview of common construction tools, materials, and equipment used across the trades. Upon completion, students will be prepared to sit for the National Center for Construction Education & Research (NCCER) Core Certification examination.",
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    "code": "BLDT 110",
    "title": "Fundamentals of HVACR",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 109) Covers fundamentals of heating, cooling, ventilation, humidity control, and basic refrigeration. Students will receive hands-on experience in a lab setting.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "code": "BLDT 111",
    "title": "Controls for HVACR",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 110) Covers the topics of controls in HVACR with respect to thermostats; pressure, safety and temperature devices; and valves. In a lab environment students will be able to identify and apply usage of these components.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 113",
    "title": "Fossil Fuels & Hydronic Heating",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 114) Covers the topics of fossil fuel heating devices, hydronic and forced air equipment. Students will apply troubleshooting, installation, service, and preventative maintenance techniques on these systems in a lab setting.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 120",
    "title": "Introduction to Welding",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 121) Introduces the basic processes in the welding field. Emphasizes welding safety. Introduces the various types of welding equipment, identification and selection of filler material, types of welds, and the different welding positions.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 121",
    "title": "Welding Symbols & Blueprint Reading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 120) Introduces various types of prints used in the welding industry. Topics include print reading, measurements, metallurgy, types of welds and joints, and welding symbols.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 140",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Structural Wiring",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 141) Covers basic principles and fundamentals of electricity and electrical work. Course will include components of schematics and blueprints, importance and role of the National Electrical Code, and safety. Students will receive hands-on experience with tools of the trade, wiring, and installing components of accessory terminations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000095"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 143",
    "title": "Specialized Systems",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 146) Covers topics in the electrical field such as CAT5, CAT6, CATV, fiber optics, fire alarms, photovoltaic, and electric controls. Students will receive hands-on experience working with materials and components in a lab setting. Students will also be introduced to the National Electrical Code (NEC) codes governing these various sub-fields to the electrical industry.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 212",
    "title": "HVAC Installation & Troubleshooting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 113) Teaches basics of troubleshooting, installation, service and preventative maintenance techniques of HVAC equipment. Course includes EPA CFC certification. Hands-on experience will be conducted in a lab setting where students will demonstrate and apply these techniques.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 222",
    "title": "Advanced Welding: SMAW",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 122) Focuses on Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). Students will perform a SMAW welding performance qualification test on limited thickness test plates in the 2G and 3G positions on carbon steel in accordance with American Welding Society D1.1 Structural Welding Code; this leads to an in-house certification.",
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    "code": "BLDT 223",
    "title": "Advanced Welding: SMAW 4G",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 128) Focuses on Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and oxyfuel and plasma cutting on carbon steel. Students will perform SMAW welder performance qualification tests on limited thickness test plates in the 4G position on carbon steel in accordance with American Welding Society D1.1 Structural Welding Code; this leads to an in-house certification.",
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 224",
    "title": "Advanced Welding: GTAW",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 125) Introduces Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) on carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. Topics include welding safety, basic machine maintenance, and welding techniques.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 225",
    "title": "Advanced Welding: GMAW",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 127) Focuses on Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW), and oxyfuel cutting on carbon steel. Students will develop skills to weld groove welds in multiple positions. Students will perform GMAW and FCAW welder performance qualification testes on limited thickness test plates on carbon steel in accordance with American Welding Society D1.1 Structural Welding Code.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 241",
    "title": "Residential Electric",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 142) Advances student knowledge in the National Electrical Code (NEC) and its application. Topics covered will include NEC calculations, as well as print reading, circuitry, schematics, materials, and circuit testing. Hands-on applications will be conducted in a lab setting.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000008",
    "code": "BLDT 242",
    "title": "Commercial Electric",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BLD 145) Continues the concepts and skills covered in the first two courses of the electrical building trades program. This course covers wiring methods mainly used in commercial construction. Topics covered to include: conduit (bending, installation), commercial lighting (fluorescent, HID), and transformers. Students will also have an overview of the applicable sections of the National Electrical Code (NEC), including box/conduit fill, and load calculations.",
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      "frederick-000095"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 100",
    "title": "Spreadsheet Applications",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers the basic and intermediate features of a commercial spreadsheet software package. Students design a variety of worksheets and charts; create formulas and functions, work with a spreadsheet's database features; apply 'what if' techniques; and interchange data with other applications.",
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      "frederick-000070",
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      "frederick-000073",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000102",
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 103",
    "title": "Introduction to Business",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the factors and forces that shape the dynamic world of business. Explores the functional areas of business (planning, management, finance, human resources, marketing) and how they interact to create goods and services that impact customers. Examines how publicly traded firms and small businesses apply various business practices and processes.",
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      "frederick-000099",
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      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000102",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 109",
    "title": "Entrepreneurship and Small Business Enterprise",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys starting and successfully managing a small business focusing on aspects of entrepreneurship including information, operations, human resources, finance, marketing, and general administration.",
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      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 110",
    "title": "Personal Financial Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops a comprehensive approach to managing personal finances including financial planning, budgeting, financing consumer purchases, risk management, investments, and retirement planning.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 120",
    "title": "Business Communications",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 273) Emphasizes the theory and practice of oral, written, and interpersonal communication used in the workplace. Focus is placed on writing business correspondence and reports, planning and delivering effective presentations, and developing teamwork and collaboration skills.",
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      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000072",
      "frederick-000073",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000102",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 140",
    "title": "Agricultural Business",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 140) Introduces the principles of management in modern agricultural business and farm production. Emphasizes small agricultural businesses including crops, livestock, agritourism, sustainable agriculture, small acreage operations, and high value agricultural enterprises (e.g., viticulture, organic produce, aquaculture). The course will cover marketing, operations, finance, and human resources, as well as general management issues in an agricultural business.",
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      "frederick-000097"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 211",
    "title": "Business Law",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 211) Defines the nature and development of law in the United States with a particular emphasis on how the law applies to businesses and how the law adapts and remains relevant in the face of constantly changing economic, political, social, and technological conditions. Students will describe and critique contracts, agency and employment, negotiable instruments, and sales.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000144",
      "frederick-000145",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "code": "BMGT 221",
    "title": "Public Relations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 221) Examines the field of public relations, defined as a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics. Explores the field's beginnings, identifies influential professionals throughout its history, and analyzes the theories behind its practices, whether in business, nonprofits, or government. Contrasts the differences between public relations and marketing, utilizing consumer and community relations techniques.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000085"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 223",
    "title": "Human Resource Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 223) Explores personnel administration procedures in business and government organizations. Includes study of work group labor management relations; recruitment, placement, training, and promotion of employees; work measurement and simplification; personnel records; wage and job classification; wage incentive systems; and fringe benefits.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000101"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 225",
    "title": "Marketing",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 225) Analyzes the marketing of goods, services, and organizations in a global economy. Develops a conceptual base for understanding the role of marketing in a business environment through activities and strategies employed by marketers. Explores major components of the marketing mix focusing on pricing, product, distribution, advertising, retailing, and wholesaling.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 274",
    "title": "Customer Relations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 274) Examines the role of customer relations in business and emphasizes the theory and practice of developing, fostering, and managing relationships between the company and the customer. Focus is on practices that lead to customer loyalty and retention. Value equation applications and a systems approach to service excellence are introduced. Addresses building excellent customer relations into the mission of the company and committing to customer service as competitive advantage.",
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 275",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Leadership",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 275) Emphasizes the theory and practice of leadership skills in the workplace and evaluates styles of leadership. Emphasizes strategies for navigating change, leading with priorities in mind, managing conflict, giving and receiving constructive feedback, and visioning and goal setting.",
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 281",
    "title": "Global Awareness in the Work Environment",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 281) Promotes awareness of cultural diversity in a workplace. Analyzes and adapts business culture and structure to global environments.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000173"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 290",
    "title": "Project Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU 290) Examines concepts and practices of project management and their universal application to all types of organizations. Students will analyze the roles of the project manager and project team and utilize techniques for effective project planning, management, control, closeout, and evaluation.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000102"
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    "id": "frederick-000009",
    "code": "BMGT 295",
    "title": "Principles and Practices of Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Reviews principles and practices of management in business and other organizations. Emphasizes management functions, including planning, organizing, staffing, directing, controlling, and coordinating. Explores manager's role in planning, decision-making, controlling, ethical decisions, innovation, and motivating employees/teams.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 100",
    "title": "Fundamental Concepts of Biology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores basic biological concepts involved in understanding the structure, function, and evolution of organisms. Introduces organization of living matter, metabolism, genetics, evolution, and ecology, and their application to everyday life. This one semester laboratory course is intended for non-STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) majors, and is designed to provide students with an appreciation of biological concepts and their current applications. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 105",
    "title": "Human Ecology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigates physical environments of human beings and the effect of technologies on the environment. Emphasizes small group investigations of air, water, and soil pollution and the rapidly expanding population as it affects the natural ecosystem within Frederick County and the Eastern seaboard. Some Friday or Saturday field trips may be required.",
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 106",
    "title": "General Ecology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an overview of the interactions among living things and their abiotic environments, emphasizing factors which affect the abundance and distribution of living things. The laboratory will focus on using field experiences to develop topics covered in the lecture. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course. Some Friday or Saturday field trips may be required.",
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 107",
    "title": "Study of the Human Body",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BI 117) Examines the human body and its relationships to health, disease, and the environment. Covers basic concepts of anatomy, physiology, genetics, cancer, disease, immunology, aging, human evolution, and/or other related topics. For the non-science major. Students cannot receive credit for both BSCI 117 and BSCI 107 .",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000181"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 117",
    "title": "Human Biology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents a study of the human body and its relationships to health, disease, and the environment. Covers basic concepts of anatomy, physiology, genetics, cancer, disease, immunology, aging, human evolution, and/or related topics. For the non-science major. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course. Students cannot receive credit for both BSCI 107 and BSCI 117 .",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000181"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 150",
    "title": "Principles of Biology I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the basic biological principles common to all living organisms, including biological chemistry, bioenergetics and metabolism, cellular and molecular biology, and classical and molecular genetics. Methods of scientific inquiry and data analysis are studied and practiced. BSCI 150 is the first of a two semester series that together with BSCI 160 is a comprehensive survey of modern biology and is intended for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) majors and pre-allied health majors. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000179",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 160",
    "title": "Principles of Biology II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues the comprehensive survey of modern biology begun in BSCI 150 with an emphasis on mechanisms of evolution, methods of phylogenetic reconstruction and analysis, diversity of life, and ecology. Surveys biological diversity of all eukaryotic domains and kingdoms, including the study of various anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations for life in different habitats. Select vertebrate body systems are studied. Intended for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) majors, and pre-allied health majors. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000175"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 201",
    "title": "Anatomy and Physiology I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents a study of physiology according to the body systems approach. Emphasizes relationships between form and function at both the microscopic and gross levels of organization. Includes basic anatomical terminology, concepts of cell biology, histology, integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, special senses, and endocrine system. BSCI 201 is the first course in a two-semester sequence and is intended for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) majors and pre-allied Health majors. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000180",
      "frederick-000181"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 202",
    "title": "Anatomy and Physiology II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents a study of physiology according to the body systems approach. Emphasizes relationships between form and function at both the microscopic and gross levels of organization. Includes cardiovascular system, lymphatic system and immunity, respiratory system, digestive system and metabolism, urinary system, fluid/electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and reproductive system. BSCI 202 is the second course in a two-semester sequence and is intended for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) majors and pre-allied health majors. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
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      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000152",
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 223",
    "title": "Microbiology for Allied Health",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers the basic principles of cell chemistry and microbiology with respect to human physiology. Includes cell physiology, growth and metabolism of microorganisms, important groups of pathogenic microorganisms, antimicrobial agents, immunology, and introductory biochemistry. Intended for allied health students. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000175"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 240",
    "title": "Genetics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Includes history of genetics, the chemical basis of heredity, the chromosomes and genes, probability, variation in gene structure, mutation, extrachromosomal systems and genes flow in populations. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000175"
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    "id": "frederick-000010",
    "code": "BSCI 263",
    "title": "Elements of Microbiology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers the basic principles of cell chemistry and microbiology with respect to human physiology. Includes cell physiology, growth and metabolism of microorganisms, important groups of pathogenic microorganisms, antimicrobial agents, immunology, and introductory biochemistry. Intended for transfer students. May be taken by allied health students. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000175"
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    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 101",
    "title": "AutoCAD I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 101) Introduces AutoCAD software and its application as a drawing tool. Students will utilize basic AutoCAD commands to create two-dimensional production and architectural drawings. Students will use templates, layer control, dimensioning, editing, text, symbol creation, and blocks to create and modify geometrical designs and print/plot drawings for presentation.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000160",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000166"
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    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 102",
    "title": "AutoCAD II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 102) Extends and integrates the study of AutoCAD at an intermediate level. Students will create pictorial views and three-dimensional drawings. Students will gain an understanding of three-dimensional coordinates; create and work with composite, mesh, and solid models; manipulate materials in AutoCAD; and use cameras, walkthroughs, and flybys to view models.",
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      "frederick-000160",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000166"
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    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 110",
    "title": "Introduction to SolidWorks",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces solid modeling software and its application as a design/drawing tool. Content covers basic features used to create, edit, document, and print parts and assemblies. Students will be able to create 3D models from which tangible counterparts could be created. Students will gain an understanding of important geometric constraints such as perpendicularity, concentricity, symmetry, angularity, parallelism, and others, that help them make appropriate design decisions on specific models as well as in assemblies.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000160",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000166"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 130",
    "title": "Revit (BIM)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 130) Presents Autodesk Revit software, a Building Information Modeling (BIM) program, and its application as a design/drawing tool throughout the design process. Allows students to create designs in 3D, annotate with 2D drafting elements, and access building information from the building models database. Students will have a thorough knowledge of many of the Revit basics needed to be productive in a classroom or office environment.",
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      "frederick-000166"
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    "code": "CADT 150",
    "title": "Architectural Drawing and Design",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 200) Applies and demonstrates the basic principles and concepts of architectural drawing and design, and their application. Develops an understanding of programming and schematic design. Introduces fundamental drawing practices, drawing systems, and presentation techniques. Students will create architectural sketches, drawings, and models.",
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    "code": "CADT 210",
    "title": "Residential Architecture I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 201) Examines the basics of residential architecture. Content covers the language of architecture, the makeup of a set of plans, and the geometry of drawing parts of houses. Students will identify and create architectural designs including floor plans, foundation plans, site plans, and roof plans.",
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      "frederick-000164"
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    "code": "CADT 220",
    "title": "Residential Architecture II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CAD 202) Discovers and analyzes intermediate concepts of residential architecture. Continues the study of architecture terminology, building techniques, building conventions, and residential building design that were introduced in Residential Architecture I. Students will be able to develop and present supplemental drawing including electrical plans, mechanical and plumbing plans, and stair plans.",
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      "frederick-000160"
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    "code": "CADT 225",
    "title": "Commercial Architecture",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the basics of commercial architecture. Content covers the design considerations of commercial structures, the introduction of International Building Codes, and access requirements for people with disabilities. By the end of the course, students will be able to apply CAD tools to commercial drawings, define and apply building methods and materials of commercial construction and examine considerations affecting commercial construction.",
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    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 235",
    "title": "Revit for Architecture",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Illustrate and analyze intermediate concepts of Autodesk Revit software and its application as a design/drawing tool for architecture. Content covers using 'as-built' drawings to model an existing building on a site, creating building additions, and working with design phases, including creating demolition plans to accommodate the new addition. By the end of this course, students will be able to develop a model independently in Revit, understand how to organize it for development into a set of architectural construction documents, and prepare the model for presentation, collaboration, and visualization.",
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    "code": "CADT 245",
    "title": "Civil Drafting with CAD",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Illustrates intermediate/advanced concepts of civil drafting and design of civil engineering projects. Students will use 3D civil CAD software to create and revise civil engineering drawings including survey drawings, highway layouts, profiles, site plans, corridors, sections, grading plans, cut and fill drawings, and other civil detail drawings.",
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    "code": "CADT 250",
    "title": "Statics and Strength of Materials",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers the basic principles of statics, forces, force systems, loading, and load effects. Analyzes the mechanics of materials including center of gravity, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, and the concepts of stresses and strains as they relate to Computer Aided Design and Technology.",
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      "frederick-000165"
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    "id": "frederick-000011",
    "code": "CADT 255",
    "title": "Dynamics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Includes the dynamics of particles and rigid bodies, the impulse-momentum method, and the work-energy principle to solve dynamic problems as it relates to mechanical design, the path of projectiles, and the design of highways.",
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      "frederick-000165"
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Criminal Justice",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents a history of criminal justice, with emphasis on English antecedents important to the administration of justice in the United States. Introduces the United States Constitution and Supreme Court decisions affecting individual rights and law enforcement practices. Includes career orientation through an analysis of criminal justice agencies.",
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      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 105",
    "title": "Justice in Motion: Current Issues in Law Enforcement",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Employs a variety of current events (e.g., news stories, policy changes, political debates, etc.) to expose students to the latest issues of controversy or change in the law enforcement professions. Orients students to multiple lenses through which to analyze emerging policies or technologies with implications for various aspects of law enforcement and community relationships, as well as the arenas in which arguments and decisions about each issue are made.",
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 108",
    "title": "Serial Killers: Psychosocial Perspectives",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 108) Presents an overview of serial killers in the United States and other countries. Introduces the background of serial killers as well as causes and failures in their lives that led up to the killings. Presents case studies of serial killers as well as the investigation, apprehension, trial, and sentencing of these offenders.",
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 109",
    "title": "Murder, Terror, and Other Extreme Crime",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents an overview of various forms of extreme domestic, international, interpersonal, and political crime, such as serial murder, sex crime, terrorism, and crimes by state-sanctioned actors. Discusses sociological and psychological factors used to analyze, investigate, and prevent these extreme crimes. Introduces students to the psychological profiling processes used in criminal investigations. Students will use case studies to develop an understanding of research and evidence analysis, due process and legal rights, interdiction and apprehension, and trial and sentencing process in a wide variety of high impact criminal cases.",
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      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 201",
    "title": "Criminal Law",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the history and purpose of criminal law. Also examines elements of substantive criminal common law as modified by statute. Introduces legal research and a case study review of appellate court decisions relative to selected aspects of criminal law.",
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      "frederick-000144",
      "frederick-000145",
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000153"
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    "code": "CCJS 204",
    "title": "Police Operational Services",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines police operational techniques and strategies, incident analysis, patrol deployment, traffic enforcement theory and practice, crime prevention and community relations, and the investigative process. Explores the police officer's role as a manager of community crime prevention resources. Includes analysis of recommended practices for maintaining a police officer's health and safety.",
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 209",
    "title": "Criminal Investigations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 209) Introduces modern methods used in detection, investigation, and solution of crimes. Students will be taught basic investigative techniques utilized by law enforcement agencies. Analysis of actual cases will be used to demonstrate practical uses of these techniques.",
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      "frederick-000153"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 214",
    "title": "The Correctional Process",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys the juvenile and adult correctional process from adjudication through probation or parole.",
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      "frederick-000147",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 219",
    "title": "Race, Crime, and Criminal Justice",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the concepts and realities of race in the context of the criminal justice system. Places emphasis on exploration of the treatment of racial minorities as victims and offenders by law enforcement, courts, and corrections, and the nature and extent of this treatment throughout the judicial and punitive process. Investigates the causes and effects of these race-based inequities to prepare students for encountering and addressing them in future law enforcement careers.",
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      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 220",
    "title": "Criminal Evidence & Procedure",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the United States Constitutional limitations on law enforcement, emphasizing arrest, use of force and search and seizure. Rules of evidence of particular importance to the law enforcement function including: the hearsay rule and exceptions; documentary, opinion, corpus delicti and circumstantial evidence; character and past crimes; evidentiary privileges; jurisdiction and venue; and witnesses.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000144",
      "frederick-000145",
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000012",
    "code": "CCJS 225",
    "title": "Problem Solving in the Public Sector",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores methods and concepts essential to defining and addressing public problems in the modern era. Introduces human-centered design frameworks as a lens for identifying, analyzing, and proposing solutions to actual problems facing public safety and other public sector entities. Surveys additional factors surrounding these solutions, such as quality control, customer service, public-private partnerships, and evaluation. Students will practice balancing data-driven analyses with the experiences, feedback, and resources of affected communities to tackle the complex, \"wicked\" problems involved in effective public service.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
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    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 100",
    "title": "Chemistry and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CH 100) Explores important concepts of modern chemistry. Emphasizes connection between basic scientific principles and the current technologies of our society. Laboratory experiments illustrate the process of scientific discovery. No background in science is required. Intended for non-science majors. Will not serve as a prerequisite for CHEM 102 , CHEM 201 , or advanced science courses. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHEM 102",
      "CHEM 201"
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      "frederick-000122",
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    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 101",
    "title": "General Chemistry I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CH 101) Examines the concepts underlying modem chemistry including atomic and molecular structure, bonding, states of matter, and solutions. Intended for science majors, technology majors (STEM), and pre-allied health major. Laboratory experiments illustrate the lecture material. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000092",
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      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000179",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 102",
    "title": "General Chemistry II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CH 102) Continues examining the concepts underlying general chemistry: intermolecular forces; chemistry of solutions; kinetics; equilibrium; acid-base chemistry; thermochemistry; electrochemistry; nuclear chemistry; chemistry of metals and nonmetals; organic chemistry including basic structures, nomenclature, and functional groups; mass spectrometry; and visible and infrared spectroscopies. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 150",
    "title": "Essentials of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces organic chemistry concepts and their application in biochemical systems. Course topics include nomenclature of organic compounds, functional groups, reactions, stereochemistry, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This course is intended for students needing a one semester introductory survey course in organic chemistry. Laboratory experiments introduce physical separation techniques, synthesis, purification and identification of organic compounds and biomolecules. This course cannot serve as a prerequisite for CHEM 202 .",
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      "CHEM 202"
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      "frederick-000124",
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    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 201",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CH 201) Focuses on structure, nomenclature, reactions and uses of hydrocarbons, alkyl halides, alcohols, and compounds containing related functional groups. Mass spectrometry, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are also covered. Lab experiments introduce basic organic chemistry techniques, synthesize and purify organic compounds, and provide hands-on experience with infrared spectroscopy. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000124",
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      "frederick-000176"
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    "id": "frederick-000013",
    "code": "CHEM 202",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CH 202) Focuses on structure, nomenclature, synthesis, reactions and uses of ethers, aromatic compounds, amines, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and carboxylic acid derivatives. Relevant aspects of mass spectrometry, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are reviewed. Applications of visible and ultraviolet spectrums of organic compounds are covered. The chemistry of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins are introduced. Lab experiments compliment and reinforce lecture material. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
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      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176"
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    "id": "frederick-000014",
    "code": "CHIN 101",
    "title": "Introductory Chinese I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LC 101) Introduces the fundamentals of the Chinese language and culture. Develops communicative competence in the four basic language skills (speaking, listening, reading, and writing). The Pinyin phonetic system of Mandarin Chinese and the Chinese characters are introduced in this course.",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 101",
    "title": "Information Systems and Technology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the fundamentals of information systems and relevant technologies. This course surveys the terminologies, types, components, functions, architectures, and development life cycle of information systems. Topics include roles, values, impacts, applications, security concerns, social issues, ethics, and responsibilities related to the use of information systems in businesses. Students also learn productivity applications, such as word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, and database software.",
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      "frederick-000073",
      "frederick-000095",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000098",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000102",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000169",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000172",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 111",
    "title": "Microcomputer Software Applications",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 111) A series of individual courses involving various state-of-the-art microcomputer software application packages.",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 111B",
    "title": "Database",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers the basic and advanced features of a commercial database software package. Students plan, define and use a database; perform queries; produce reports and forms; work with multiple files; and learn the basic concepts of database programming.",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 111L",
    "title": "UNIX/Linux Operating System",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 111L) Explores the practical use and operation of an open-source operating system (Linus/Unix). Students will learn how to use basic Unix commands, shell scripting, and various system utilities.",
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      "frederick-000171"
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    "code": "CMIS 111V",
    "title": "Virtualization and Cloud Essentials",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 111V) Surveys the virtualization technology and applications. Introduces the business value and impact of virtualization and cloud computing, essential characteristics of cloud computing, cloud technologies and applications, cloud computing architecture, and cloud service models as well as cloud adoption and deployment. Topics include virtualization concepts, virtualization infrastructure, virtualization in cloud environment, business and technical perspective of cloud computing, cloud models, cloud economics, cloud computing services, and application as well as adoption and deployment of cloud computing. Covers the objectives of Amazon Web Services (AWS) Certified Cloud Practitioner exam and CompTIA Cloud Essentials certification exam.",
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    "code": "CMIS 118",
    "title": "Data Analytics Using Spreadsheets",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 118) Covers the theory and techniques of data modeling and data analysis using spreadsheets. Students learn to summarize data, explore data, produce accumulated data, and visualize data by utilizing spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel.",
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    "code": "CMIS 120",
    "title": "PC Operating Systems",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 111M) Explores the installation, configuration, and operations of operating systems. Students learn to set up, configure, troubleshoot, and maintain hardware devices and software applications on an operating system. Covers the objectives of CompTIA A+ certification exam. It is required that students take this course and CMIS 121 PC Repair & Diagnostics in the same semester.",
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      "frederick-000168",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000172",
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    "code": "CMIS 121",
    "title": "PC Repair & Diagnostics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces diagnosis and troubleshooting of personal computers. This course covers the hardware and software troubleshooting techniques, including diagnosis software, board replacement, storage, and memory troubleshooting. Covers the objectives of CompTIA A+ certification exam. It is required that students take this course and CMIS 120 PC Operating Systems in the same semester.",
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      "frederick-000167",
      "frederick-000168",
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      "frederick-000172",
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    "code": "CMIS 140",
    "title": "Java Programming",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces Java programming language with an emphasis on object-oriented principles. Students utilize library classes in developing Java standalone applications and applets. Topics include Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming, event-driven programming, inheritance, and polymorphism.",
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    "code": "CMIS 175",
    "title": "Game Theory and Design",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 175) Covers game theory and design. Topics include the roles of game designers, game structures and elements as well as game development stages and methods. Students learn about designing, prototyping, and playtesting games.",
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    "code": "CMIS 176",
    "title": "Game Creation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 176) Covers the creation of basic games. This hands-on course guides students step by step through the basics of building interactive games. Students learn to create computer games utilizing current technologies, such as web page design/development languages, animation/simulation software, and game engines.",
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    "code": "CMIS 177",
    "title": "Interactive 3D Technology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 177) Surveys the current 3 dimensional (3D) technologies and introduces the design and creation of virtual interactive 3D models. Covered techniques include mesh modeling, texturing, lighting, rigging, animating, and rendering. Students learn to design and develop computer generated interactive 3D worlds using 3D production tools such as Blender.",
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    "code": "CMIS 178",
    "title": "3D Modeling and Animation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 178) Introduces fundamentals of creating and animating 3 dimensional (3D) computer modeling. The industry standard 3D modeling and animation software are surveyed and explored. This course covers Autodesk Maya Certified Professional exam topics and objectives. Topics include 3D modeling concepts and 3D animation process. Students learn to create and animate 3D models using 3D modeling tools.",
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    "code": "CMIS 179",
    "title": "Cybersecurity Fundamentals",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 179) Surveys cybersecurity concepts and practices including malware, anti-malware, social engineering, information privacy, data security, and security policies. Students learn to identify cyber threats, threat sources, and threat mitigations as well as protect them from Internet predators. Students will be able to evaluate security policies and procedures.",
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      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000167",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "code": "CMIS 200",
    "title": "IT Support Services",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 200) Introduces the fundamentals, operations, roles, and responsibilities of information technology (IT) support services. Students practice problem-solving and communication skills appropriate in the computer user-support environment. Best practices in customer support and professional work habits are emphasized throughout the course. Topics include incident identification, incident management, information collection skills, communication skills, personal skills, technical skills, security skills, troubleshooting skills, training skills, and business skills.",
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    "code": "CMIS 202",
    "title": "Computer Science II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 202) Emphasizes algorithms, data structures, and object-oriented software engineering. Introduces algorithmic analysis including asymptotic notation, empirical performance measurements, and time/space tradeoffs. Covers fundamental computing algorithms including sorting, searching, and manipulating dynamic data structures, such as lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs and hash tables. Investigates recursion including applications to algorithms and data structures. Integrates further software engineering concepts including data abstraction and participation in team programming projects. Projects will be completed using a language that supports the object-oriented paradigm (Java).",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 203",
    "title": "Systems Analysis & Design",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents concepts of structured systems analysis and design techniques such as problem definition, cost analysis, charting and scheduling, implementation planning and documentation. Emphasizes project management, communication and analytical skills.",
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      "frederick-000167",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 204",
    "title": "Computer & Information Sciences Project",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Assigns a project commensurate with student's background and training, and carries it through from system analysis and design to program preparation and implementation.",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 217",
    "title": "Cybercrime and Digital Forensics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 217) Covers the fundamentals of computer forensics, and the techniques and processes involved in identifying, collecting, preserving, and analyzing digital evidence. Surveys the contemporary crime and related legal issues and laws.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000171"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 218",
    "title": "Information Security",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 218) Covers the fundamentals of information security and assurance. Topics include cryptography, security architecture and controls, risk management and governance, disaster recovery planning and management, as well as security frameworks, standards, and policies. Students learn to protect information systems from unauthorized access in order to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000167",
      "frederick-000172",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 219",
    "title": "Ethical Hacking",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 219) Covers the fundamentals of protecting information technology resources from cyber attacks. Students learn the tools and penetration testing methodologies used by ethical hackers, as well as the methods and tools to protect against attacks and vulnerabilities. Surveys computer crime-related laws and regulations.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000171"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 226",
    "title": "Game Scripting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 226) Covers the development of computer games using a scripting language (Python). A current scripting language will be covered and used to develop game programs. Students learn to design and develop cross-platform computer games.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000118",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 227",
    "title": "Game Programming",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 227) Covers the development of computer games using a high-level programming language. Introduces game development aspects and techniques through creation of computer programs. This course also surveys the modern game engines. Students learn to develop computer game programs for specific game engines and platforms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000118",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 228",
    "title": "Simulation and Game Development",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 228) Covers the development of digital interactive contents used in computer games and computerized simulations. This course introduces students to the current game engines and simulation software used to build comprehensive and interactive computer games and simulations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000118"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 266",
    "title": "Cloud System Administration",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 266) Explores administering cloud platforms and deploying applications on cloud platforms. Students learn to operate, manage, monitor, and secure cloud computing systems such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), as well as deploy and scale applications in cloud environments. Covers the objectives of AWS Certified SysOps Administrator Associate exam.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000163",
      "frederick-000172",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 280",
    "title": "Networking Fundamentals",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 180) Reviews hardware, operating systems, and other networking principles. Includes comprehensive networking skill sets necessary for the CompTIA Network exam.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000163",
      "frederick-000168",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 281",
    "title": "Security Fundamentals",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 170) Provides students with the knowledge and skills to implement, maintain and secure network services, network devices, and network traffic. Builds on foundational network concepts, computer hardware, and operating systems principles.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 290",
    "title": "Cisco 1 Introduction to Networks",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 190) Covers the architecture, structure, functions, and components of the Internet and other computer networks in accordance with CCNAv7: Introduction to Networks (ITN). Students achieve a basic understanding of how networks operate and how to build simple local area networks (LAN), perform basic configurations for routers and switches, and implement Internet Protocol (IP).",
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      "frederick-000163",
      "frederick-000168",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 291",
    "title": "Cisco 2 Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 191) Covers the architecture, components, and operations of routers and switches in small networks and introduces wireless local area networks (WLAN) and security concepts in accordance with CCNAv7: Switching, Routing, and Wireless Essentials (SRWE). Students learn how to configure and troubleshoot routers and switches for advanced functionality using security best practices and resolve common issues with protocols in both IPv4 and IPv6 networks.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 292",
    "title": "Cisco 3 Enterprise Networking, Security, and Automation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 192) Describes the architecture, components, operations, and security to scale for large, complex networks, including wide area network (WAN) technologies, in accordance with CCNAv7: Enterprise Networking, Security, and Automation (ENSA). The course emphasizes network security concepts and introduces network visualization and automation. Students learn how to configure, troubleshoot, and secure enterprise network devices and understand how application programming interfaces (API) and configuration management tools enable network automation.",
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      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 294",
    "title": "Cybersecurity Operations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the core security concepts and skills needed to monitor, detect, analyze, and respond to cybercrime, cyberespionage, insider threats, advanced persistent threats, regulatory requirements, and other cybersecurity issues facing organizations in accordance with CCNA Cyber Ops. It emphasizes the practical application of the skills needed to maintain and ensure security operational readiness of secure networked systems.",
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    "id": "frederick-000015",
    "code": "CMIS 295",
    "title": "Cloud Security",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CIS 223) Covers the essentials of the cloud security technologies, mechanisms, and standards/frameworks as outlined by Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cloud Computing Security Standards. Surveys cloud governance, certification compliance, and accreditation. Students learn to analyze risk in cloud environments and cloud security solutions, create and secure public and private cloud instances, and secure cloud applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000163",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000172",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 105",
    "title": "Introduction to Programming with Python",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMIS 105) Introduces programming and is aimed at students with no prior programming knowledge or skills. Covers basics of programming including variables, decision-making statements, and iterative statements. Students create logical solutions to novel problems using tools such as pseudocode and flowchart. Students write, test, and run elementary programs to solve problems using a high-level programming language.",
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      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000167",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
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    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 130",
    "title": "Programming Fundamentals",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces professional-level programming techniques, designed for individuals seeking foundational knowledge in programming or aspiring to enter the field of software development. Covers the fundamentals of how to write complete computer programs of moderate size and rooted in real-world problems, using basic data types, functions, loops, if-else statements, and objects. Students will learn top-down design, functional decomposition, mathematical and reasoning skills needed for computer science, software testing, and pair programming. Requires no previous programming experience.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000118",
      "frederick-000174",
      "frederick-000178"
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    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 131",
    "title": "Programming Methods and Object Design",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares students to employ the principles of object-oriented programming (abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and composition) in the construction of substantial programs rooted in real-world problems. Students will formulate objects (classes) to model entities in problem spaces; construct programs using the powerful technique of recursion; test code by the professional technique of unit testing; and discuss technical solutions in the context of pair programming and code reviews.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104"
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    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 230",
    "title": "Data Structures and Algorithms",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the fundamentals of data structures and algorithms in the context of a large, real-world project. Focuses on linked allocation structures: trees, linked lists, and stacks, and the application and mathematical analysis thereof. Structured around a semester-long project in which students iteratively design, develop, and test a significant software project built around real-world needs.",
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      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000178"
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    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 245",
    "title": "Systems Programming",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers techniques of systems programming at levels close to the operating system and hardware. Students will learn memory management, operating system interfaces, device interfaces, profiling and performance analysis, and the use of libraries, APIs, and classes and class hierarchies to solve problems at this level. Will be taught using the C and C++ languages.",
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      "frederick-000118"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000016",
    "code": "CMSC 285",
    "title": "Programming Capstone Project",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Design and implement a group project focused on a relatable, real-world problem. Develop a large piece of software 'from scratch' applying techniques taught in the course and learned in predecessor courses. Collaborate in a team setting of iterative (agile) development. This course will strongly prepare students for success in team-based work in both four-year education and industry.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 100",
    "title": "Occupational Safety & Health",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Identifies factors and practices that aid in accident prevention and elimination of hazards in the workplace. Topics will include liability, standards, OSHA, hazard control, accident investigation, and safety management.",
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      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 101",
    "title": "Construction Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the construction management process, each party's roles and responsibilities, forms of construction management delivery systems, and construction documents. Students will describe the role of the construction manager within the context of ensuring timely, high quality, profitable, and safe construction projects.",
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    "program_ids": [
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      "frederick-000170"
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    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 130",
    "title": "Materials & Methods of Construction",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CON 132) Provides the construction manager with a fundamental understanding of materials and methods of construction. Emphasizes properties of materials, engineering methods, construction methods, testing methods, and related building codes. This course focuses on soil, earthwork, foundations, paving, concrete, masonry, thermal products, roofing, wood construction, steel construction, exterior and interior finishes, glazing, windows, doors, exterior wall systems, cladding, interior walls/partitions, finish ceilings, and flooring.",
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      "frederick-000169",
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    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 140",
    "title": "Architectural Blueprint Reading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CON 140) Introduces basic blueprint and construction document reading methodology. Develops the practice of utilizing construction documents as an important communication tool in the construction process. Areas of focus include views, symbols, scales, dimensions, materials, construction methods, and terminology used in the various disciplines included in construction documents.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000170"
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    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 200",
    "title": "Site Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CON 203) Examines the principles that apply to planning and managing construction project field operations. Major areas of focus include documentation and recordkeeping, jobsite layout and control, project safety, jobsite labor relations, subcontracting and purchasing, time and cost control, changes and claims, quality management, payments, and project closeout.",
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      "frederick-000169",
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    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 210",
    "title": "Construction Project Cost Estimating",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CON 204) Introduces cost estimating concepts and methodologies that apply to the construction industry. Areas of emphasis include estimating techniques, quantity take-off, pricing, material and labor estimation, estimating by division, bidding, and computer applications.",
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      "frederick-000169",
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    "id": "frederick-000017",
    "code": "CMTE 220",
    "title": "Construction Project Scheduling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CON 206) Introduces the concepts and procedures in preparing a project schedule. Bar charts, critical path method, and computer applications are examined. Students will use sample projects and case studies to apply scheduling concepts.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Communication Studies",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 101) Introduces students to the basic theories and practical applications of human communication as it relates to their communication experiences. These include interpersonal situations, intercultural experiences, small group interactions, and public communication. Students will be given opportunities to develop their effectiveness in the speaking-listening communicative setting as well as develop knowledge of the communication process as a system.",
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    "code": "COMM 102",
    "title": "Interpersonal Communication",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the fundamentals of interpersonal communication. Examines such communication in the context of culture, ethnicity, gender, age, and race, as well as the impact of the increasing use of interactive technologies. Seeks to increase the skills and sensitivity necessary for successful human relationships in a diverse global, national, and local community. Students who completed HUMS 102 previously cannot also earn credit for COMM 102 .",
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      "frederick-000070",
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      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000124",
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    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 103",
    "title": "Public Speaking",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 103) Emphasizes the attainment of understanding and skill in public speaking. Assignments require analyzing the audience, researching, organizing, outlining, supporting and delivering a variety of extemporaneous speeches.",
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      "frederick-000081",
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      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000154",
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    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 105",
    "title": "Small Group Communication",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 105) Offers skills development in verbal, non-verbal and intercultural communication, listening, observation, leadership, and participation in groups. Emphasizes collaborative learning through researching and analyzing questions of fact and policy, problem solving and decision making, interacting and reaching consensus.",
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      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000154",
      "frederick-000155",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000161"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 107",
    "title": "Career Communication",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 107) Offers students knowledge and skills needed to communicate within their prospective professions and with others outside those professions. Assignments in interview, group discussion and extemporaneous speaking are adapted to individual students.",
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      "frederick-000081",
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      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 109",
    "title": "Basic Conflict Mediation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 109) Presents the 7-Step Model of mediation, which includes strategic listening, handling power imbalances, and dealing with intense emotions. Students will engage in role plays and simulations for hands-on experience. Students will also conduct critical analyses of varying conflict resolution theories and mediation styles through discussion and written reflections.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 111",
    "title": "Introduction to Mass Communication",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys the history, structure, functions, and effects of mass media, and explores careers in that field. Focuses on the application and significance of media literacy, and analyzes the impact of the various media on society and the individual. Examines how the media effectively fulfill their purposes as deliverers of information, persuasion, entertainment, and culture.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000084",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
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    "id": "frederick-000018",
    "code": "COMM 201",
    "title": "Foundations of Communication Theory",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMSP 201) Provides students with an understanding of the principle theories related to the field of communication. Specifically, it introduces students to the study of communication theory and provides them with the conceptual and theoretical foundation needed to succeed as a communication scholar. Concepts and theories learned in this course will be studied in greater detail in the upper level courses required of the major.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000081"
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    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 101",
    "title": "Child Development & Behavior",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 100) Introduces basic growth and developmental principles necessary to work with young children from birth to twelve years old. Emphasizes the social, emotional, physical, and cognitive developmental stages of the young child. This course meets the Maryland State Department of Education Division of Early Childhood's Office of Child Care Credentialing and Licensing requirements. This course is 45 hours of the 90 hours required for Preschool Lead Teacher. Six hours of documented observation are required.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000105",
      "frederick-000106",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108",
      "frederick-000109"
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    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 105",
    "title": "Introduction to Early Childhood Education",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 101) Examines conceptual framework for understanding the role of the early childhood education professional. Content focuses on the profession of early childhood education in the context of historical, philosophical, and social influences. Reviews contemporary trends, issues, and practices in the field of early childhood education. Fifteen hours of documented observation are required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108",
      "frederick-000109"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 110",
    "title": "Early Childhood Special Education",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "It provides students with skills to include children of all abilities through appropriate arrangement of the environment. Some topics include strategies for developing strong relationships with families and community agencies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 125",
    "title": "Methods and Materials in Early Childhood",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 104) Designed to teach the methods and proper use of materials in presenting creative learning experiences to young children in the areas of language, creative dramatics, art, music, movement, math, science, emergent literacy, and outdoor activities. This course meets the state requirements for Office of Child Care Licensing & Credentialing. This course is 45 hours of the 90 hours required for Preschool Lead Teacher. Fifteen hours of documented observation are required.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000105",
      "frederick-000106",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108",
      "frederick-000109"
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    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 135",
    "title": "Infants & Toddlers Development and Care",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 106) Examines the best practices designed to meet the needs of infants and toddlers as related to their physical growth and development, mental health, and human relationships. Attention will be given to the family and child's multicultural customs, gender equity, and children with special needs, while insuring quality program development and implementation in out of home care environments. Content will focus on the caregiver, the child, and the program being provided to meet the learning needs of the infant and toddler. This course meets the state requirements of Office of Child Care Licensing and Credentialing for Infant/Toddler Lead Teacher.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000105",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 145",
    "title": "Child Health, Safety and Nutrition",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 107) Presents a survey of the health, safety and nutritional needs of young children. Includes required state and federal codes. Emphasizes the establishment and maintenance of a safe and healthy learning environment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 155",
    "title": "Activities for the School-Age Child",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 108) Examines developmentally appropriate principles, materials, and methods used with school age children ages 6 to 12. Specific consideration given to planning activities for school age child care. Students plan and present lessons in the areas of physical, cognitive, and social development. This course meets the state requirements of Office of Child Care Licensing and Credentialing for School Age Teacher.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000105",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 205",
    "title": "Administration of Child Development Centers",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 212) Designed to provide students with management skills necessary to operate an early childhood center, family child care or before/after school program that serves children from infancy through age twelve. Topics include program policies and procedures, government regulations, finance and budget, facility operation, personnel management, health and safety, accreditation systems, and program evaluation and improvement. This course meets the state requirements of Office of Child Care licensing and credentialing for School Age and Preschool Director.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 215",
    "title": "Understanding and Guiding the Young Child's Behavior",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 213) Designed for adults who are responsible for the care and development of young children from birth to eight years of age, primarily in an early childhood setting. This course will focus on developmentally appropriate child guidance philosophies, methodologies of discipline, and guidelines for the responsible adult.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 225",
    "title": "Language & Literacy Development in Early Childhood",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ECD 230) Designed for adults who are responsible for the care, development and teaching of young children from birth to eight years in primarily an early childhood setting. This course is a study of the development of oral language by the young child, the relationship between language development and emerging literacy, and the structuring of the learning environment for the child birth to eight years. A variety of quality early childhood literature will be reviewed along with methods for using children s literature to enhance language development.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000019",
    "code": "ECED 235",
    "title": "Diversity and Professionalism in Early Childhood Education",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focuses on developing professional behaviors essential for success in the early childhood education field and expanding students' understanding of diversity. Participants will explore the concepts of culture, race, ethnicity, language, gender, and family, and examine how these elements influence identity and early childhood experiences. Students will learn to apply a variety of strategies, activities, resources, and techniques to foster an equitable and inclusive classroom environment. Students will review the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct and consider strategies for affirming diversity in early childhood settings.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108"
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    "id": "frederick-000020",
    "code": "ECON 200",
    "title": "Principles of Macroeconomics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores concepts of macroeconomics including national accounts, national income analysis, unemployment, inflation, business cycles, fiscal and monetary policies, and the monetary system. Utilizes an essentially macroeconomic approach, incorporating the impacts on and of various social constructs. Students cannot receive credit for both ECON 200 and ECON 201.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000101",
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000156"
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    "id": "frederick-000020",
    "code": "ECON 202",
    "title": "Principles of Microeconomics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EC 202) Explores the behavior of individual consumers and business firms and emphasizes price theory, the impact of different market structures upon economic activity, distribution, international trade, and economic development with an essentially micro-economic approach.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000100",
      "frederick-000102"
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    "id": "frederick-000021",
    "code": "EDPS 210",
    "title": "Human Growth and Development",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED/PS 208) Presents central concepts related to parameters of human development through the life span. Includes physical, social, emotional and mental development at the various stages of life. Considers the influence of culture as well as individual differences. (This course satisfies the Maryland State Department of Education professional education course work in child or adolescent development.) This course requires a service learning experience.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000079",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000154",
      "frederick-000156"
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    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 110",
    "title": "Schools and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 102) Examines the historical, philosophical, and social development of American education. Students will learn methods, concepts, and principles of education. They analyze and reflect on the processes of teaching and learning. They explore the interrelationships of education, social institutions, and pluralistic culture. Students will also reflect on ways that values, skills, and experience shape and are shaped by schooling and society. Observations, teaching, and a portfolio are required. Fifteen hours of documented observation are required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000154"
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    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 220",
    "title": "Educational Psychology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 202) Introduces the nature and theories of learning processes. Focuses on classroom interaction and its influence upon the learning process and the growth and development of the child. (This course satisfies the Maryland State Department of Education professional education course work in human learning.) Fifteen hours of documented observation are required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000154"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 230",
    "title": "Foundations of Special Education",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 203) Provides an overview of critical issues and strategies related to educating students who have been identified as exceptional. The course content focuses on historical and legal foundations of special education, inclusive education, developmental characteristics of exceptional students, and strategies for accommodating students. (This course satisfies the Maryland State Department of Education professional education course work in inclusion of special populations.) Fifteen hours of documented observation are required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000108",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000154"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 240",
    "title": "Processes and Acquisition of Reading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 214) Assists pre-service and in-service teachers in understanding the reading acquisition process through observation and analysis of reading and written language development and the study of current issues in reading research. The course is organized around current, accepted, research-based theoretical models that account for individual differences in reading. The course includes an introduction to language structures, including spoken syllables, phonemes, graphemes, and morphemes. Participants will apply knowledge of the core areas of language to reading acquisition in terms of first and second language acquisition, typical development, and exceptionalities. Participants will be introduced to current scientific research related to literacy acquisition.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 242",
    "title": "Instruction of Reading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 215) Facilitates understanding and use of a representative array of research-based instructional techniques and strategies in the area of reading. The course emphasizes instructional routines and strategies in the five major components of reading instruction (phonological and phonemic awareness; phonics, spelling and word study; fluency; vocabulary development; and comprehension) suitable for various age and ability groups. Throughout the course, students will demonstrate their skill with instructional routines and strategies through role-play, live demonstrations, and critique of models, and review the research evidence relevant to those approaches.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 244",
    "title": "Materials for Teaching Reading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 216) Assists pre-service and in-service teachers in understanding and using the findings of scientific research to select, evaluate, and compare instructional programs and materials for teaching reading. Participants will learn strategies for enabling students to become strategic, fluent, and independent readers using a variety of texts and other materials. They will develop techniques to involve parents, school staff, and members of the community in children’s reading development and enjoyment.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 246",
    "title": "Assessment for Reading Instruction",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 217) Assists pre-service and in-service teachers in becoming proficient consumers and users of classroom-based assessments and assessment data. Instruction focuses on the purposes of assessment, types of assessment tools, administration and use of several valid, reliable, well-researched formal and informal assessments of reading and related skills, effective interpretation of assessments results, and communication of assessments results in a variety of contexts. Participants will show that they can use assessment data to guide instructional decisions. Participants will demonstrate their abilities by selecting, administering, and/or interpreting assessments appropriate for screening, diagnosis, monitoring of progress, and measurement of outcomes.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 248",
    "title": "Teaching Reading in the Content Areas, Part I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 218) Provides students with an understanding of the essentials of reading processes necessary for secondary students to become proficient readers. Participants gain an understanding of the following five areas: purposes and types of reading, methods of assessing reading, strategies and skills in reading, student-centered reading instruction, and affective dimensions of reading. (This course can be used to partially satisfy the Maryland State Department of Education reading requirement for secondary teachers.)",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000022",
    "code": "EDUC 249",
    "title": "Teaching Reading in the Content Areas, Part II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ED 219) Expands on Part I, focusing on types of reading, skills in reading, and instruction. The emphasis will be on teaching secondary student to learn from text. Participants will formulate research questions, complete a literature review, and implement and evaluate a coherent literacy plan. Participants will also implement reading and writing strategies that promote student mastery of subject content. (This course can be used to partially satisfy the Maryland State Department of Education reading requirement for secondary teachers.)",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 101",
    "title": "Disaster, Crisis, and Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 101 and ID 225) Introduces students to the historical, social, psychological, and economic implications of disasters, crises, and the field of emergency management. Develops students' writing effectiveness, critical thinking skills, and historical and social awareness as they travel through the disasters of past and present, explore emerging trends, and discuss the future of the emergency management field.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151",
      "frederick-000169",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 104",
    "title": "Disaster Response and Recovery",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 104) Provides students with an understanding of disaster response and recovery operations in the public safety environment. Examines the nature of emergencies and disasters, including how to identify the human response in the disaster process, assess current procedures for response operations, and review recovery policies, programs, and methods to promote recovery and community resilience.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 105",
    "title": "Public Safety Written Communication",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Orients students to the fundamentals of sound report writing in a variety of public safety contexts. Provides practice balancing competing necessary factors (e.g., conciseness; thoroughness; accuracy; outside influences; legal or forensic requirements) with proper basic descriptive writing technique in the composition of effective reports utilized across the public safety industry. The course will cover the essential elements of various report styles and provide a review of emerging technologies being utilized by public safety agencies to streamline and coordinate the reporting process.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 106",
    "title": "Hazard, Risk, and Mitigation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 106) Provides the student with a thorough understanding of mitigation for disaster management, and the application of hazard management. The student will investigate various methods of risk management, risk reduction, risk avoidance, risk acceptance, and risk transfer to address both structural and non-structural mitigation. The concept of sustainability and its role in local land-use planning is examined.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 111",
    "title": "Preparing and Securing the Homeland",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 111) Provides students with a thorough understanding of the strategic, political, legal, and organizational challenges associated with the protection of the U.S. homeland. Examines the range of potential threats to the U.S. homeland, including the historical foundation of terrorism. Introduces the role of emergency management in the response to the growing threat of domestic and international terrorism. Focuses on the implications of homeland security challenges and policies for constitutional rights, legal protections, and civil liberties.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 115",
    "title": "Foundations of Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 115) Introduces the position and responsibilities of an emergency manager, the history of the emergency management field, and key operational tools including the National Incident Management System (NIMS), the Incident Command System (ICS), and the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). Surveys emergency management as an integrated system that networks resources and capabilities together to adaptably address all hazards for the whole community.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000115",
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 119",
    "title": "Intelligence Analysis, or How to Prepare for the Conflicts of Tomorrow",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an overview of intelligence as practiced in national security, law enforcement, and the business sector. Introduces students to the profession of intelligence, seminal events and key figures in its development, analytic methodologies, and geopolitical context. Examines a range of topics including the intelligence cycle, intelligence collection disciplines, the physics of intelligence, the modern history of intelligence, the intelligence community and other consumers and producers of intelligence, and future trends in intelligence. Encourages students to develop an analytic mindset and to become proficient at the presentation of simulated intelligence products.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 125",
    "title": "Emergency Management Coordination",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 125) Introduces the fundamentals of comprehensive emergency management coordination efforts. Surveys means of networking resources and capabilities from multiple levels and types of organizations to support effective all-hazard response. Explores national response coordination and organization systems, the role of public information within them, and the impact of evolving technologies on all stages of the process.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000116"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 130",
    "title": "Integrated Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 130) Provides students with an understanding of the concept of Integrated Emergency Response to disasters and other critical incidents. Students examine the role of Integrated Emergency Preparedness in the government environment, and expand the understanding to public-private cooperation in emergency management. Note: While not an official prerequisite, students are encouraged to take EMGT 106 prior to (or during the same semester as) they intend to enroll for this course.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMGT 106"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 135",
    "title": "Leadership and Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 135) Introduces the concepts of leadership and influence in emergency management contexts. Describes the attributes of effective decision making and basic quality assurance processes. Identifies and develops essential communication skills needed to convey emergency precautions and decisions to diverse workforce and community audiences, with special regard for ensuring equitable understanding among all disaster victims and community members. Explores the history of volunteer organizations' role in emergency response, and how effective communication strategies may be leveraged to develop and manage an emergency volunteer program.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000115",
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 140",
    "title": "Crisis Animal Care & Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Addresses impacts of animal care on mass casualty planning and operations from the perspectives of a variety of planning, response, and recovery roles ranging from first response, to animal control, to pet owner emergency preparedness. Explores animal cruelty laws and their intersection with both disaster response best practice and the principles of civil rights and due process. Students will utilize case studies to adapt industry-standard animal care crisis planning tools to be suitable for use in their own communities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000116"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 165",
    "title": "Animals in Disasters",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 165) Explores the conceptual and practical challenges of developing a coordinated emergency management operation in which animals, livestock, agricultural assets, and their owners are affected. Introduces students to various specialized resources unique to animal-inclusive emergency planning and disaster response, with special focus on issues necessary for consideration in the creation of public guidance and animal care annexes to operational, mitigation, and recovery plans.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 177",
    "title": "Emergency Management Education Planner",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 177) Explores core concepts and resources for disaster planning specifically focused on primary, secondary, or post-secondary educational institutions. Develops skills necessary for creating, implementing, and maintaining school Emergency Operations (EOPs) and preparedness activities. Investigates theoretical connections between the preparation, response, and recovery cycle for schools, and for mass casualty incidents, and practically transferable strategies for when mass casualty events occur in school environments.",
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    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 181",
    "title": "Community Preparedness Planner",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 181) Orients students to several common varieties and sizes of natural and human-caused disaster, and their potential effects on families, communities, and business facilities and operations. Explores planning, preparedness, risk mitigation, and training activities and systems at the individual, organizational, and community levels. Investigates tools, skills, and organizations that will prepare students to become more involved as preparedness advocates and community responders.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 187",
    "title": "Disaster Construction Issues",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 187) Introduces related issues and considerations for post-disaster construction projects, including the National Incident Management System (NIMS), Incident Command System (ICS), Executive Order 12699, National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP), and their associated policies and regulations. Explores the needs of Environmental & Historic Preservation initiatives, and their interactions with the process of building for recovery or mitigation. Examines construction's effects on environment, population, historical/cultural sites pre- and post-disaster, analyzing the difference between practical necessity and compliance requirements.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 197",
    "title": "Tactical Scholar Reflection",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The culminating experience of the Emergency Management Tactical Scholars Program. Summarizes the doctrine and policy required by study of specialized topics within the emergency management discipline. Provides opportunities to apply disciplinary principles to real-life emergency scenarios through case studies, exercises, and other problem solving practice. Explores the factors, impacts, and ramifications of the emergency management policy development and implementation process.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 201",
    "title": "Public Safety GIS and Technology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 201) Introduces students to the technologies, applications, and tools relevant to the current emergency management professional environment. Explores the impact of a rapidly improving technological environment on all phases of the emergency management process and discusses potential means of leveraging technology to improve known deficiencies. Focuses intensively on the applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology with a view to preparing students for its necessary use in emergency management careers. Offers experience in working with, creating, and interpreting GIS maps and other visual products. Discusses the future changes and challenges facing the emergency management discipline as a result of continued technological growth.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
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    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-201",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 207",
    "title": "National Security in a Changing World",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the structures and operations of the national security enterprise in U.S government.. Introduces core security level lenses and international relations paradigms and develops students' ability to apply them to the analysis of past, current, and future national security issues. Discusses power, interests, and perceptions as the building blocks of actions by states, non-state actors, and individuals; and investigates how those actions are affected by the changing political, social, economic, and personal environments of those choosing to take them. Provides opportunities for students to practice following, researching, analyzing, and developing policy recommendations for the changing security concerns of the moment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-207",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 213",
    "title": "Social Impacts of Disaster",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 213) Provides students with an enhanced awareness of the response planning and response challenges of diverse individuals, groups, and communities to disaster. Students will discover how disasters influence structures, interactions, and subjective perceptions among community members. Examines how social inequality, including race, ethnicity, class, and gender, result in enhanced vulnerabilities in disasters. Students will analyze the diverse cultural rules and biases of response organizations and communities that converge during disasters.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-213",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 215",
    "title": "Planning and Response",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 215) Introduces the concepts and core components of the emergency planning process, including the rationale behind planning as an emergency management process. Introduces participants to the key concepts and principles of the National Response Framework. Describes key Mission Assignment (MA) concepts and provides knowledge needed to carry out MA processing responsibilities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000115",
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-215",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 220",
    "title": "Emergency Operations Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 220) Provides a thorough understanding of risk management, operational planning, and strategic planning as applied in current emergency management policy. Teaches evaluation and use of current policy tools to determine risk vulnerabilities and capabilities, critically evaluate an emergency operations plan, identify the components of an emergency operations plan, and assess the purpose of strategic planning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-220",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 221",
    "title": "Public Safety Leadership and Ethics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 221) Provides the student with understanding of leadership theories, skills, and techniques for application in public safety. Introduces the concept of effective leadership in public safety by identifying leadership models utilized in management throughout the lifecycle of incidents, and evaluating current public safety leaders.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-221",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 222",
    "title": "Public Safety Administration",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores concepts essential to the understanding and execution of roles in public safety administration, with a particular focus on roles in emergency management, firefighting, emergency medicine, and law enforcement agencies. Students will investigate these roles at the local level, and discover methods by which local public safety administrators can (and must) integrate with state and federal levels of government to support a wide array of applicable administrative processes. Discusses a variety of specific collaborative public administrative functions, including but not limited to public/private/partnerships (PPP); agency facility and records management; standards, reporting, and accreditation; and administrative ethics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-222",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-222.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 225",
    "title": "Emergency Management Mitigation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 225) Explores the reasons and need for planning for a sustainable, disaster-resistant community. Introduces participants to mitigation basics for both natural and human-driven disasters. Describes the Continuity Management Program, Process and Cycle, the fundamentals of Risk Management, and the importance of Devolution Planning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-225",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 226",
    "title": "Foundations of Homeland Security & Emergency Preparedness Instruction",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Allows participants to explore their own HSEP pathways, or those of interest, and investigate program partnerships in their community. Provides HSEP educators the opportunity to discuss why and how to better know their students' cultural, academic, and social backgrounds and experiences; and explore their students' soft skills and post-curricular needs as future citizens and workforce members. Participants will apply new knowledge and skills related to assessments, lesson design, and teaching methods through the design of practical lessons and unit plans they can use in their current teaching assignment. This course aligns with National Board Standards for CTE teachers.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-226",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-226.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 235",
    "title": "Recovery, Assessment, and Exercise",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 235) Exposes students to the fundamental concepts and frameworks of a post-emergency recovery effort, and methods for enhancing and refining such efforts. Explores the types of exercises, the exercise cycle, and their role during and in preparation for real response and recovery events. Discusses optimization of resource availability and distribution in recovery, including methods of incorporating partner entities in the private and nonprofit sectors.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000114",
      "frederick-000115",
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-235",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-235.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 295",
    "title": "Navigating Information Landscapes: The Good, the Bad, and the Misleading",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Equips students with information literacy skills necessary for evaluating, sharing, and basing decisions on the vast array of sources available in the digital age, with a specific focus on sorting reliable information from misinformation in crisis situations. Explores the signs and effects of “spin” or framing on public information campaigns’ effectiveness and trust in government and/or media institutions. Reviews a variety of intentional and unintentional biases, influences, and logical fallacies, and discusses methods by which public information messaging can combat them to convey essential information to an audience. This course primarily supports the Public Safety Capstone sequence, but is designed to be open and accessible to all disciplines.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-295",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-295.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 296",
    "title": "Research Methods",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys a variety of essential components of effective research design, development, and writing, including literature reviews, source evaluation and citation in the context of a policy recommendation paper or report, and common styles of reporting and publication students may encounter in their careers or future studies. Reviews what makes sources trustworthy, and explores how to define a problem and formulate a research question. This course primarily supports the Public Safety Capstone sequence, but is designed to be open and accessible to all disciplines.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-296",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000023",
    "code": "EMGT 297",
    "title": "Public Safety Capstone",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EM 297) Enables students to exercise critical thinking and evaluation skills while applying comprehension of the public safety discipline. Students will research a current public safety issue, under the supervision of a faculty mentor, including its scope, stakeholders, and relevant evidence; then prepare media briefings, summaries, and policy recommendations that demonstrate the ability to analyze and synthesize theory and practice into industry-relevant communication products.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000116"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/emgt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-297",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/emgt-297.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 100",
    "title": "Advanced Reading for Composition",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 100) Provides supplemental reading and writing support for students co-enrolled in English Composition ( ENGL 101 ). The course targets critical reading strategies necessary for success in ENGL 101 and other college-level courses that require intensive reading. Students are guided to become independent readers capable of engaging in rigorous academic conversations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-100",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 101",
    "title": "English Composition",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 101) Develops students' ability to use writing, reading, research, and thinking processes to create documented essays that demonstrate the conventions of academic writing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000077",
      "frederick-000078",
      "frederick-000079",
      "frederick-000081",
      "frederick-000082",
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000087",
      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000092",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000116",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000119",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000144",
      "frederick-000145",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000154",
      "frederick-000155",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000158",
      "frederick-000159",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173",
      "frederick-000174",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178",
      "frederick-000179",
      "frederick-000180"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 102",
    "title": "English Composition and Literature",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 102) Reinforces, through an examination of literature, the reading, writing, critical thinking, and information literacy skills introduced in English Composition. By exploring literary texts from fiction, poetry, and drama, students learn to clarify their own values and identities as well as develop a better understanding of ideas and cultures beyond their own experience.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-102",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 201",
    "title": "British Literature Anglo-Saxon Period to the Eighteenth Century",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 201) Surveys the literature of Great Britain from the Anglo-Saxon period to the eighteenth century. The growth of a nation, social classes, the rise and questioning of the monarchy, the role of women, and early colonialism are explored through poetry, prose fiction and nonfiction, and drama.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-201",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 202",
    "title": "British Literature Eighteenth Century through the Present",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 202) Surveys the literature of Great Britain from the eighteenth century through the present. The rise of industry, changing views of gender and citizen, the rise and fall of an empire, world wars, and artistic experimentation are explored through the literary genres of poetry, fiction, and drama.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-202",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 203",
    "title": "American Literature Pre-Colonial through Civil War Periods",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 203) Surveys American literature from its pre-contact beginnings. Culture clash, settlement, rebellion, and the rise of a democratic republic are explored through histories, diaries, sermons, pamphlets, poetry, essays, and fiction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-203",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-203.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 204",
    "title": "American Literature Civil War Period through the Present",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 204) Surveys American literature from the late 19th Century to today. The rise of industrialism, world wars, the fragmenting of society, and artistic experimentation are explored through the literary genres of poetry, fiction, and drama.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-204",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-204.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 205",
    "title": "World Literature through 1650 C.E.",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 205) Surveys selected works of western and non-western literature from their beginnings through 1650 C.E. Cultural and historical contexts are explored through a wide range of literary forms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-205",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 206",
    "title": "World Literature 1650 C.E. through the Present",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 206) Surveys selected works of western and non-western literature from 1650 C.E. through the present. Cultural and historical contexts are explored through a wide range of literary forms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-206",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-206.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 210",
    "title": "Creative Writing",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 210) Introduces skills of writing fiction and/or poetry and/or creative nonfiction. The complexities of creative writing as a craft and an art are explored through analysis of representative works, study of techniques, and extensive practice.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-210",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 212",
    "title": "Newswriting and Reporting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 212) Provides instruction and practice in news reporting and in the fundamentals of newswriting. Professional news stories in newspapers, magazines, and the Web will be analyzed and evaluated. The course concentrates on key rhetorical elements, organization, and structure of common news, features, and opinion articles, both in print and digital news mediums.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082",
      "frederick-000085"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-212",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-212.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 214",
    "title": "The Poem",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys a variety of English language poetry, including contemporary poets. Students will discover the playfulness, pleasure, and wisdom of poetry; explore poetry through explication, literary criticism, and poetic practice; analyze elements of poetry with emphasis on figurative, formalistic, structural, lyrical, and thematic development; and appreciate poetry as an expression of diverse human experiences, identities, and cultures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-214",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-214.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 215",
    "title": "Writing Children's Literature",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces skills for writing and analyzing children’s literature. Students will survey the different formats and genres of books created for children from birth through young adult; explore current topics related to writing, publishing, and accessing children’s literature; and analyze and practice the skills of crafting a strong story concept, creating multidimensional characters, constructing the plot of a novel, setting the scene, and identifying their unique approach(es) to writing. While students will select, read, and critique a variety of recently published works written for children aged zero to seventeen, the creative writing practice will focus on narrative fiction for children aged eight through seventeen.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-215",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 216",
    "title": "The Short Story",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 216) Surveys a wide variety of short stories that explore themes relevant to life experiences. Analyzes the elements of the short story with emphasis on thematic development and relevance of the stories to life experiences in a variety of cultures and nations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-216",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-216.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 219",
    "title": "Technical Writing",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 219) Develops the skills necessary for effective professional communication and workplace writing. Students compose a variety of texts, including professional e-mails and letters, microblogs (social media content), web page content, informal and formal reports, graphics, and presentations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000082",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000092"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/engl/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-219",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/engl-219.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000024",
    "code": "ENGL 222",
    "title": "Creative Writing Practicum",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 222) Provides opportunities for students to work on the College's magazine of the creative arts for credit by evaluating submissions of essays, short stories, poetry, drama and two-dimensional art; by copy editing the material; and by laying out the magazine. May be taken three times for a maximum of nine credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "code": "ENGL 226",
    "title": "Film as Literature",
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    "code": "ENGL 230",
    "title": "African American Literature",
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    "description": "(formerly EN 230) Surveys a wide variety of African American literature: fiction, drama and poetry. Analyzes the elements of each of the genres with emphasis on the literature as a response to people and events affecting African American life, culture and rights.",
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    "code": "ENGL 231",
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    "code": "ENGL 241",
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    "description": "(formerly EN/CMM 241) Provides instruction and laboratory experience in writing, editing, designing, and publishing print and digital content for The Commuter. Students receive practical experience in journalistic and social media content, curation, editing, design, photography, and digital production using industry standard software. Students will create and produce three journalistic publications per semester.",
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    "code": "ENGL 246",
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    "code": "ENGR 100",
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    "code": "ENGR 210",
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    "code": "ESOL 100",
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    "code": "EXSC 227",
    "title": "Principles of Resistance Training Technique and Program Design",
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    "code": "EXSC 230",
    "title": "Fitness Instruction",
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    "code": "EXSC 240",
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    "code": "EXSC 250",
    "title": "Essentials of Personal Training",
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    "description": "(formerly PHED 250) Examines the Personal Training profession and industry, business practices, role and responsibility of fitness professionals. Develops communication and interpersonal skills, training styles, and client interactions in various fitness settings, client recruitment sales and retention, business ethics, and liability insurance. Reviews program design, fitness assessment, techniques, and fitness instruction. Prepares students to pass the ACSM Certified Personal Trainer exam.",
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    "code": "EXSC 260",
    "title": "Psychology of Sport",
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    "code": "FEMA 101C",
    "title": "Environmental Health in Emergency Response",
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    "description": "Introduces students to the concept of environmental health in emergency response and the role of the Environmental Health Responder (EHR). Covers basic information on emergency environments an EHR may encounter, principles of environmental health that are likely to be applied in these environments, and resources that define EHR procedures in emergency scenarios. Prepares students for continued study of Environmental Health Response at the operational, planning, and managerial levels.",
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    "code": "FEMA 102C",
    "title": "Healthcare Workers' Safety and Emergency Planning",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the components of healthcare emergency preparedness mandated for Medicare & Medicaid participating hospitals, providers, and suppliers. Provides guidance on how to develop procedures, protocols, and policies in healthcare settings to ensure workers’ safety and continuity of operation. Explores how agencies and workers can implement protective measures in a healthcare setting.",
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    "code": "FEMA 102L",
    "title": "Law & Policy in Public Safety",
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    "code": "FEMA 103",
    "title": "Community Disaster Exercise",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "FEMA 103C",
    "title": "Comprehensive Radiological Emergency Management",
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    "description": "Explores the intricacies of radiological accident assessment concepts, radiological emergency management, and the roles and responsibilities of agencies involved in responding to radiological incidents. Provides instruction on radiological preparedness and protection, best practices with packing and transporting radioactive materials, and decision-making principles.",
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    "code": "FEMA 104C",
    "title": "HAZMAT/CBRNE Safety and Preparedness",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "FEMA 104L",
    "title": "Public-Private Partnerships in Emergency Management",
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    "description": "Explores the fundamental concepts, processes, and applications of public-private partnerships (P3s) in emergency management. Participants will learn how to develop, implement, administer, sustain, and evaluate partnerships that enhance community resilience and emergency response capabilities through cross-sector collaboration.",
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    "code": "FEMA 109",
    "title": "Introduction to Animals in Disaster",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "(formerly FEM 109) Intended to increase awareness and preparedness among animal owners and care providers. It includes sections on typical hazards, how these affect animals and what can be done by responsible owners to reduce the impact of disasters. It is also intended to help animal owners, care providers and industries to better understand emergency management. Course material will heighten awareness of the special issues that emergency managers need to consider when incorporating animal-care annexes into their emergency operations plans.",
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    "code": "FEMA 110",
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    "code": "FEMA 122",
    "title": "Community Hurricane Preparedness",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 122) Provides emergency managers and disaster coordinators with basic information about the nature of hurricanes and the hazards they pose, and how the National Weather Service (NWS) forecasts future hurricane behavior.",
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    "code": "FEMA 131",
    "title": "Principles of Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 131) Provides an introduction to the fundamentals of emergency management as an integrated system. Surveys how the resources and capabilities of organizations at all levels can be networked together in emergency management phases for effective hazard response.",
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    "code": "FEMA 132",
    "title": "Leadership and Decision Making Concepts",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 132) Introduces students to leadership skills and influence types, with a particular focus on trust-building and facilitation of change through a leadership role. Examines critical decision making and problem solving strategies for emergency management managerial, planning, and response roles. Explores a five-step problem solving model and its applications, especially in group situations or emergency conditions.",
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    "code": "FEMA 134",
    "title": "Effective Communication",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 134) Provides an introduction to communication and interpersonal skills needed by local emergency managers, planners, and responders. Develops communication skills needed in emergency management situations.",
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    "code": "FEMA 135",
    "title": "Volunteerism and Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 135) Provides a basic orientation to the types of volunteer organizations active in the emergency management community, the roles they commonly play, and the history of volunteer disaster assistance in the United States. Investigates characteristics of disaster volunteer management programs, with emphasis on the recruitment, management, assignment, and motivation of volunteer groups. Introduces the role and duties of the Voluntary Agency Liaison as part of a governmental volunteerism coordination apparatus.",
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    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 138",
    "title": "Livestock in Disasters",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 138) Provides an introduction to the issues farmers and emergency managers must deal with during an emergency management environment. Examines approaches that will mitigate the impact of disasters on livestock. Discusses emergency planning for farming communities. Defines different types of disasters and how each affects livestock.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-138",
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    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 140",
    "title": "Emergency Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 140) Introduces the fundamentals of the emergency planning process, including the rationale behind planning. Presents reasons for effective participation in the all-hazard emergency operations planning process to save lives and protect property threatened by disaster. Designed for emergency management personnel who are involved in developing an effective emergency planning system.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000115"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-140",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-140.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 150",
    "title": "Incident Command System (ICS)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 150) Describes the history, features, principles, and organizational structure of the Incident Command System (ICS). Explains the relationship between the Incident Command System (ICS) and the National Incident Management System (NIMS). Provides advanced training, exercises, and resources for personnel who are likely to assume a supervisory position within the Incident Command System (ICS).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000149"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-150",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-150.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 151",
    "title": "National Incident Management System (NIMS)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 151) Provides a comprehensive understanding of the National Incident Management System (NIMS), including its purpose, principles, key components, and benefits. Specifically explores the planning, coordination, and resource management functions of NIMS, and the system's relationship with the Incident Command System (ICS).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000115"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-151",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-151.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 156",
    "title": "Emergency Management Principles for Educational Environments",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 156) Provides an orientation to basic emergency management principles, activities, and planning strategies that is specifically tailored to the needs of K-12 schools and postsecondary educational institutions. Introduces the concepts of comprehensive emergency management, risk assessment, planning, and plan exercise as they are applied in school settings. Offers opportunities to study and practice situation analysis, planning team formation, and development of Emergency Operations and Recovery Plans.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-156",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-156.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 157",
    "title": "Introduction to Hazard Mitigation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 157) Introduces the National Mitigation Framework and mitigation's place in serving the National Preparedness Goal. Details processes for developing community support, identifying potential hazards, assessing risk, and accessing community and outside agency assistance in the process of mitigation planning. Investigates economic impacts of disasters, the Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) program, and discusses potential reductions in cost and damage resulting from the development of a Hazard Mitigation Plan built on risk management principles.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-157",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-157.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 159",
    "title": "National Preparedness Frameworks: Prevention, Protection, and Response",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 159) Introduces the National Prevention, Protection, and Response Frameworks as both guiding documents and interlocking components in service of the broader National Preparedness System. Investigates the doctrine, stakeholders, and core capabilities prescribed for each Framework's mission area, with particular focus on those principles or partners deemed necessary across multiple Frameworks. Orients students to the coordinating structures responsible for executing Framework elements, and explores the ways by which various processes and organizations work to fill those roles.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-159",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-159.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 161",
    "title": "Emergency Operation Center (EOC)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 161) Introduces the role, design, and functions of Emergency Operations Centers (EOCs) and their relationships to other components of a multi-agency coordination system. Discusses effective staffing, organization, and activation practices. Prepares students to set EOC priorities and make necessary operational decisions during EOC activation, incident response, and incident support.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-161",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-161.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 170",
    "title": "The Mitigation eGrants System: Comprehensive Training",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 170) Introduces the Mitigation Electronic Grants (eGrants) Management System, the eligible users thereof, and the varieties of FEMA grant programs supported by the online eGrants application. Orients students to the authorities, functionality, and responsibilities of users in applicant, subapplicant, and FEMA administrative roles within eGrants. Provides instruction on and practice for practical utilization of the administrative, application submission, and monitoring aspects of the system.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-170",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 171",
    "title": "Coordinating Information & Resource Sharing for Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 171) Orients students to the roles, means, and infrastructure necessary for efficient sharing of informational and physical resources before and during an emergency. Introduces the role of the Public Information Officer (PIO) and the mutual aid and assistance agreement, and explores their benefits and utility. Examines the nature and application of social media platforms, how they differ from traditional media outlets, and how these differences affect the dissemination of information and resources to a PIO's audiences.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-171",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-171.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 174",
    "title": "Federal Disaster Assistance",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 174) Explores the full spectrum of the Points of Distribution (POD) mission during response operations. Introduces students to key Mission Assignment (MA) concepts and provides knowledge needed to carry out MA processing responsibilities. Examines the Public Assistance Program and the process applicants follow to receive grant funding assistance in the aftermath of a disaster.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-174",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-174.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 180",
    "title": "Planning for Vulnerable Populations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 180) Introduces students to the concepts, methods, and principles of emergency planning for children in disasters. Explores public and private guidance for implementing children's preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation programs. Examines the unique needs that arise among children as a result of a disaster and/or emergency.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-180",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-180.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 183",
    "title": "Public Works Role in Emergency Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 183) Examines the details of the public works function in emergency management. Designed to help communities improve public works efforts prior to, during, and after disasters. This course is intended to help build local capacity for public works including planning for disasters, developing practices and procedures, conducting damage assessment, and participating in after-action reviews. This course also includes details of how the function of public works is integrated into the overall strategy for responding to disasters and its relationship to other emergency management functions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-183",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-183.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 184",
    "title": "Logistics and the Federal Priorities and Allocations System (FPAS)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 184) Provides an overview of the logistics functions and organizational relationships within logistics from a Presidential disaster declaration to close-out of FEMA field offices. It examines how the Federal Priorities and Allocations System (FPAS) supports FEMA's mission and describes how FPAS supports timely delivery of critical materials and services to meet requirements including priority ratings for contracts and orders, placement of rated orders, the roles of FEMA employees in the FPAS process, and how to address FPAS challenges.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-184",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-184.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 187",
    "title": "State, Local, and Tribal Mitigation Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 187) Introduces students to the policies, procedures, and planning process that guide mitigation planning efforts at sub-Federal levels. Reviews regulations and standards governing the creating and revision of State, Local, and Tribal mitigation planning documents. Equips students to both develop a mitigation plan at these jurisdictional levels, and to assess the adequacy of existing plans in complying with regulatory requirements.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-187",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-187.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 188",
    "title": "Critical Infrastructure Protection",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 188) Introduces the conceptual foundations of critical infrastructure, its importance, and the process of developing and implementing plans for its protection. Exposes students to Federal guidance and policy, with particular focus on the National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP). Discusses fundamental concepts of risk management. Explores the types of threats critical infrastructure may face, and methods for effectively mitigating or otherwise responding to them.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-188",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-188.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 189",
    "title": "Preparedness in the Workplace and Community",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 189) Introduces basic preparedness concepts and strategies for improving workplace, business and community preparedness. The course provides guidance to students on how to contribute to improve workplace security in addition to best practices for responding to an active shooter situation. The course identifies surveillance activities and the indicators associated with them while outlining prevention steps aimed at identifying, monitoring, and reporting suspicious activities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-189",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-189.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 191",
    "title": "Emergency Management & Technical Tools Application",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 191) Introduces students to preparedness communication tools to reach all members of their communities during an emergency. Explores how GIS technology can support emergency management, and the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-191",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-191.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 196",
    "title": "Preparing for Sheltering and Mass Casualty Incident Needs",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 196) Introduces students to recommended practices and resources to prepare for, respond to, and recover from mass casualty incidents and natural disasters.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-196",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-196.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 201",
    "title": "National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) Overview",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 201) Introduces students to the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF), which provides a systematic approach and national organizing structure for Federal disaster recovery operations. Familiarizes students with key concepts, core principles, and roles and responsibilities of NDRF leadership. Investigates and compares the roles of individual, organizational, and governmental stakeholders in developing a successful disaster recovery effort.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-201",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 203",
    "title": "Dams Sector Security Awareness",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 203) Explores methods for identifying potential security threats to the nation's dams and levees and indicators of those threats. Includes an overview of protective measures used to reduce and manage risk within the Dams Sector.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-203",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-203.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 205",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Management and Support Coordination of Federal Disaster Operations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 205) Introduces the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the National Preparedness Goal as guiding elements in development of emergency management policy and practice at all governmental levels and in the community. Familiarizes students with the six main component Frameworks of the National Preparedness System. Explores fundamental incident management knowledge necessary for providing support to disaster operations, including an overview of the FEMA Qualification System (FQS) and its applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000115"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-205",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 213",
    "title": "Introduction to Community Emergency Response Teams",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 213) Introduces the basic concepts, functions, and characteristics of Community Emergency Response Teams (CERTs), and their roles in all phases of emergency management. Explores CERT composition and interaction with the formal Incident Command System (ICS) structure before and during adverse events. Discusses fundamental concepts of voluntary personnel and resource management at the introductory level. Prepares students for further CERT training and official qualification via advanced coursework offered by their local jurisdiction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-213",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-213.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 214",
    "title": "Reconstitution Planning",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 214) Provides guidance to Federal Executive Branch departments and agencies for developing Continuity of Operations (COOP) Plans and Programs. Explores the advantages of developing effective and comprehensive reconstitution planning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-214",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-214.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 225",
    "title": "Telecommunicator Emergency Response Taskforce (TERT) Disaster Deployment Training",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 225) Provides basic preparedness training for Telecommunications Emergency Response Taskforce (TERT) personnel to enhance eligibility for and improve efficiency in potential deployment to disaster sites. Explores the mental, physical, and emotional elements of deployment preparedness, emphasizing a holistic, communication-based approach to addressing personal, familial, and situational concerns. Introduces the concept of stress and fatigue as additional challenges inherent to deployment, and details a variety of coping strategies to be used in planning for their mitigation. Orients TERT team leaders to legal authorizations and obligations pre-deployment, their role as inter-team communicators and facilitators, and responsibilities and potential surroundings during deployment scenarios.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-225",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 226",
    "title": "Introduction to the Facility Security and Risk Management Process",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FEM 226) Introduces the Interagency Security Council (ISC) and orients students regarding its function, makeup, and authorities. Discusses the steps of the ISC's Risk Management Process (RMP) and examines the impact of each on facility resilience and preparedness. Explores specific practical applications of ISC governance and regulation (including facility security calculation, operation of Facility Security Committees, facility security financing procedures, etc.) and investigates the role each application plays in executing the RMP.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-226",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-226.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 228",
    "title": "Public Assistance Program: Practical Management Elements",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces necessary hands-on skills and administrative best practices for the development and operation of FEMA Public Assistance (PA) grant applications and awards. Explores the proper recordkeeping through both operation and FEMA Grants Portal software and physical documentation of grant-related activities. Orients students to supplemental resources and funding opportunities available for inclusion in the development of a PA grant, alongside their documentation and eligibility requirements.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-228",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-228.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 229",
    "title": "Assessing and Responding to Internal Dam Erosion",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces fundamental concepts of dam construction, seepage, erosion mechanics, and both quantitative and qualitative inspection methods. Explores the categories of potential dam failure, their causes, and the formal failure mode risk assessment process. Details the roles and responsibilities of the various stakeholders involved in the integration of a dam's risks with a community's holistic emergency action planning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-229",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-229.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 230",
    "title": "Project Management Considerations for Public Assistance Grants",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides students with the knowledge and tools necessary to effectively manage FEMA Public Assistance (PA) projects from intake through closeout. Explores critical knowledge and skills needed to navigate the grant lifecycle while ensuring compliance with federal laws, regulations, and policies. Discusses eligibility determination, documentation practices, scope development, cost estimating, and project scope modification processes.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-230",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000028",
    "code": "FEMA 231",
    "title": "Determining and Documenting Eligibility for Public Assistance Funding",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides the knowledge and skills necessary to accurately determine and document eligibility for FEMA Public Assistance Funding. Examines factors that affect funding eligibility, with specific focus on insurance considerations and infrastructure-specific requirements. Enables students to support compliant and well-documented funding requests in alignment with Public Assistance policies and program guidelines.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/fema/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-231",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/fema-231.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000029",
    "code": "FILM 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Film",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents an analytical and interpretative study of film masterworks. Covers the historical development of film from silent short movies to the present and includes an analysis of film from several perspectives: artistic, technological, social and economic.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000084",
      "frederick-000161"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/film-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/film-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000029",
    "code": "FILM 144",
    "title": "Digital Video Production",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops digital video production skills pertaining to screenwriting, camera operation, set design, studio lighting, audio recording, video editing, and professional crew roles and responsibilities. Extensive hands-on active learning provides an insight into on set studio productions and real world applications. As a member of a production team, students participate in the design and execution of an effective digital video production.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000084",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121",
      "frederick-000161"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/film-144",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000029",
    "code": "FILM 145",
    "title": "Screenwriting for Film",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the story-building process in the filmmaking pre-production phase. Students will develop and create a professional script complete with long line, treatment, synopsis, beat outlines, full character development, and proper pitching of ideas. They will also learn the nuances of screenplay formatting to write a final script worthy as a ready-to-shoot portfolio piece.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
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    "code": "FILM 244",
    "title": "Digital Film Production",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops digital film production skills pertaining to preproduction, production, and post production. Extensive hands-on active learning provides an insight into script writing, budgeting, scheduling, field production, sound design, and non-linear post production. As a member of a production team, students will be required to create a production book, digital film, and DVD as part of their professional portfolio.",
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    "code": "FILM 254",
    "title": "Postproduction: The Art of Editing",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMM 254) Develops practical skills in digital editing through a series of demonstrations and intensive hands-on exercises. Students will study various editing styles and philosophies while designing and completing assigned editing projects using professional postproduction software. Effective electronic media management and postproduction processes are emphasized.",
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    "code": "FILM 255",
    "title": "Advanced Postproduction & Motion Graphics",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMM 261) Develops advanced skills in digital postproduction and motion graphics through a series of demonstrations and intensive hands-on exercises. By studying various editing styles and philosophies, students will design and complete assigned postproduction projects using professional software packages.",
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    "code": "FIRE 101",
    "title": "Fire Protection Systems",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FSA 101) Provides information relating to the design features and operation of fire alarm systems. Design principles involved in structural fire protection and automatic suppression systems, including fire resistance and endurance, flame spread evaluation, smoke control, special hazard fire suppression systems, water supply for fire protection, and evaluation of sprinkler system designs will be examined.",
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    "code": "FIRE 103",
    "title": "Fire Investigation and Analysis",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FSA 103) Examines technical, investigative, legal, and managerial approaches to arson. Includes the fundamentals needed for proper fire science interpretation, recognition of origin and cause, preservation and documentation of evidence, scene security, motives of the fire setter, and types of fire causes.",
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    "code": "FIRE 105",
    "title": "Fundamental Topics of the Modern Fire Service",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FSA 105) Examines the history of the fire problem in the U.S., describes how the fire and rescue service has adapted over time, and explores the evolving transition from a traditional, fire-based mitigation approach to an all-hazards response methodology. Introduces the student to the organization and management of mainstream fire and rescue organizations, and how they interface with other public safety sectors, governmental agencies, and their local communities. Discusses basic hazard mitigation strategies and tactics, various extinguishing agents and systems available for fire suppression, risk identification and evaluation, and incident management and accountability. Explores statutes and regulations affecting service deliverables while enhancing personnel safety, including the 16 Fire Fighter Line Safety Initiatives. Note: If student is not an active firefighter, they must establish a mentor who is a FD Chief Officer.",
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    "code": "FIRE 107",
    "title": "Disaster Planning and Response",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FSA 107) Examines concepts and principles of community planning and response to fire, emergency, and natural disasters, including the Incident Command System (ICS), mutual aid and automatic response, training and preparedness, communications, hazardous materials planning, and disaster recovery. Note: If student is not an active firefighter, they must establish a mentor who is a FD Chief Officer.",
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    "id": "frederick-000030",
    "code": "FIRE 201",
    "title": "Fire and Emergency Services Administration",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly FSA 201) Introduces the student to the organization and management of a fire and emergency services department and the relationship of government agencies to the fire service. New technologies, changing organizational structures, personnel and equipment, municipal fire protection planning, manpower and training, and financial management are examined. Emphasis is placed on fire and emergency service, ethics, and leadership from the perspective of the company officer. Note: If student is not an active firefighter, they must establish a mentor who is a FD Chief Officer.",
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    "id": "frederick-000031",
    "code": "FREN 101",
    "title": "Introductory French I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the fundamentals of French grammar and vocabulary. Develops oral and reading skills in the language and competence in answering basic questions. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into French culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "code": "FREN 102",
    "title": "Introductory French II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to build upon the structures learned in FREN 101 . Students will improve fluency as they learn new grammar and vocabulary with increased emphasis on literature and idiomatic speech. Through the reading of life-like dialogues, students gain insight intro French culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "code": "FREN 201",
    "title": "Intermediate French I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. Group discussions in French and increased emphasis on reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
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    "code": "FREN 202",
    "title": "Intermediate French II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to build upon structures learned in FREN 201 . Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. Group discussions in French and increased emphasis on reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
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    "id": "frederick-000032",
    "code": "GEOG 101",
    "title": "Elements of Geography",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly GG 101) Explores elements of man's environment and the changes resulting from natural and human agents. Includes map reading and interpretation.",
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    "id": "frederick-000032",
    "code": "GEOG 102",
    "title": "Cultural Geography",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly GG 102) Studies man in his regional settings, with emphasis on the interrelationships of physical and cultural phenomena.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000150"
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    "id": "frederick-000032",
    "code": "GEOG 201",
    "title": "Urban Social Geography",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly GG 201) Examines concepts of cities and how culture interacts with urban landscapes.",
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    "id": "frederick-000033",
    "code": "GERM 101",
    "title": "Introductory German I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the fundamentals of German grammar and vocabulary. Develops oral and reading skills in the language and competence in answering basic questions. Through the reading of lifelike dialogs, students gain insight into German culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "code": "GERM 102",
    "title": "Introductory German II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to build upon the structures learned in GERM 101 . Students will improve fluency as they learn new grammar and vocabulary. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into aspects of life in German-speaking countries, thought, and expression.",
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    "code": "GERM 201",
    "title": "Intermediate German I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. This course will further develop all four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in a cultural context.",
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    "id": "frederick-000033",
    "code": "GERM 202",
    "title": "Intermediate German II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to develop the main four language skills: reading, writing, listening, and speaking in a cultural context. Reviews and expands upon the basic grammar covered in previous courses. Students will broaden their active and passive vocabulary and learn to read texts of various genres.",
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    "id": "frederick-000034",
    "code": "GISA 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Geographic Information Systems with ArcGIS",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly GIS 101) Introduces the principles of geospatial technologies and the use/application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software and data. Develops student understanding of the fundamental concepts and applications of GIS, spatial data, and GIS software packages including Esri's ArcGIS Desktop Suite. Discusses the need for skills in data management, conversion, and compilation using GIS software and provides practice in a computer lab environment. Note: Students taking the course should be proficient with the use of personal computers in a Windows operating environment.",
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      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000166"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 111",
    "title": "Graphic Design I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides students with fundamental knowledge and practical skills in graphic design. Emphasizes both theoretical understanding and practical application through hands-on projects and exercises. Students will have an opportunity to learn about the graphic design industry, essential design elements and principles, creative process, and industry-standard software to solve basic graphic design problems.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000077",
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000084",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 112",
    "title": "Graphic Design II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develops intermediate concepts, techniques, and skills in Graphic Design. Focuses on design history, design thinking, and layout essentials. Through practical activities and projects, students will further develop their technical and design skills, use critical thinking to formulate effective design solutions, and prepare to solve design problems in professional settings.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000077",
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121"
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 113",
    "title": "Typography",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the basic principles and practices of typography, focusing on the history and foundation of letterforms, type anatomy, type classification, and the principles of hierarchy and readability. Through hands-on exercises and projects, students explore techniques and concepts of typography in visual communication and create typographic compositions for various media including print and digital platforms.",
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      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121"
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 114",
    "title": "Web Design Foundations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a comprehensive introduction to the essentials of web design taught from a design perspective. Topics include fundamental concepts and principles of web design, HTML and CSS basics, responsive design principles, web design workflow, and web graphics. Through practical projects and activities, students will gain hands-on experience and learn to create simple and functional websites.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
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      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 212",
    "title": "Graphic Design III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the intersection of graphic design and communication, focusing on creating cohesive visual identities and materials that support brand communication strategies. Students will learn to develop comprehensive design solutions for various designs, including brand identity, brochures, advertisements, packages, promotional materials, etc. both in print and digital formats. Through practical projects and critiques, students will develop their conceptual, aesthetic, and technical skills to create effective visual communication.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000120",
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 213",
    "title": "Introduction to UX/UI Design",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the essential principles and practices of User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) design. Students will explore the key concepts of creating intuitive and engaging digital experiences, focusing on user-centered design methodologies, usability principles, design process, and interface aesthetics. Through hands-on projects and real-world examples, students will develop skills in sketching, wireframing, prototyping, and user testing, using industry-standard tools.",
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      "frederick-000120",
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    "id": "frederick-000035",
    "code": "GRPH 215",
    "title": "Professional and Transfer Portfolio",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CMM 115) Designed for communications graphics students who are ready to transfer to a Bachelor's program, or are applying for an internship, or are seeking a job. Students will revise existing portfolios and design self-promotion materials including an effective resume and cover letter for the computer graphics profession.",
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      "frederick-000120",
      "frederick-000121"
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    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 101",
    "title": "Sanitation and Food Safety",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 121) Develops an understanding of basic principles of sanitation and safety in food, beverage, and hospitality operations including the HACCP system. The course focuses on procedures and protocol recommended for the prevention of foodborne illnesses. Successful passing of the National Restaurant Association ServSafe exam is required and earns certification as a ServSafe Food Protection Manager.",
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      "frederick-000127",
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      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000131",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000134"
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    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 102",
    "title": "Culinary I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 112) Examines the basic concepts, skills, and attributes related to preparation of food: knife skills, product identification, and culinary terminology. Measures, prepares, and converts standardized recipes. Learns and applies classical cooking principles and techniques to food preparation. Topics include stock and sauce preparation; egg/breakfast cookery; product qualities; preparation of vegetables, fruit, and starches; and dietary guidelines and nutrition principles. Demonstrates proper food sanitation and safety practices. Learns and applies good sustainability practices for food service operations. Extra fees required.",
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      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
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    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 103",
    "title": "Culinary II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 113) Emphasizes meat, poultry, and seafood fabrication and cookery. Introduces and discusses dietary guidelines and principles of nutrition including alternative diets. Teaches methods for making various types of soups. Expands on sauce, vegetable, legume, grain, and starch cookery with demonstrations of proper plating techniques. Reinforces knife skills; recipe conversions and measurements; cooking principles and terminology; sanitation and safe food handling; and sustainability practices. Extra fees required.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130"
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    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 104",
    "title": "Baking I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 114) Provides students with the basic skills required for entry-level work in a bakery or pastry shop of a food service operation. These skills include working in a safe and sanitary manner; reading, scaling and accurately following a recipe; demonstrating proper use of terminology, tools, and equipment; preparing, baking, and evaluating cookies, cakes, breads, pastries, pies, and tarts. Beginning plating techniques, cake decorating, and dietary alternatives are explored. Extra fees required.",
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      "frederick-000127",
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      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 105",
    "title": "Baking II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 214) Builds upon learned basic skills and theories to develop proficiency in baking and pastry production. Students will further explore a range of classical and modern baking preparations for sponges, roulades, tortes, cakes, custards, fillings, sauces, toppings, and pastries while expanding on recipe modifications for alternative dietary requirements. Introduces principles of artistic techniques and decorating components to assembling, finishing, and presenting pastries including classic French pastries, decorative cookies, and entremets.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-105",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 120",
    "title": "Purchasing & Cost Control",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 123) Examines food purchasing as a process and emphasizes the dynamics of managing the flow of food through the operation. Provides an introduction to inventory control procedures and examines factors that influence menu planning. Emphasizes establishing operating standards, monitoring actual results, and taking corrective action to account for variances. Examines variable and fixed costs, calculating components of prime costs, and provides understanding of various cost controls to optimize profitability. Introduces students to the budgeting process.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-120",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-120.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 150",
    "title": "Introduction to Hospitality Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 110) Introduces students to the history of various careers in the hospitality industry. Develops an understanding of the hospitality industry by taking a management perspective in introducing students to the organization and structure of various sectors including: travel and tourism, meeting/convention and event planning, hotels, healthcare, restaurants, retail, contract food service, clubs, cruise ships, casino hotels, and more. Examines the forces and issues that are shaping the current and future hospitality industry. Topics include various aspects of hospitality operations and information on delivering excellent customer service. Students will earn certification from the American Hotel Lodging Educational Institute (AHLEI) as a Certified Guest Service Professional (CGSP®).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000131",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000134"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-150",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-150.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 155",
    "title": "Event Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 161) Discusses and demonstrates aspects of planning and implementing an event for success. Included is a project where students will be involved in a hands-on experience of planning an event while utilizing the skills learned in class.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000134"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-155",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-155.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 160",
    "title": "Hospitality Operations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 163) Learn the primary responsibilities of a hospitality manager and principles and practices involved in managing the day to day operations of a hospitality business. Topics include various aspects of hospitality operations such as classifying hotels and guests, hotel organization, front office operations, hospitality applications and systems, safety and security risks and controls, housekeeping operations, front office accounting, reading financial reports, maximizing sales, and facility maintenance.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133",
      "frederick-000134"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-160",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-160.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 170",
    "title": "Introduction to the Tourism Industry",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a comprehensive introduction to the modern tourism industry from the business and economic perspectives. Both the supply side, in the form of travel suppliers and their distribution channels, and the consumer demand side of tourism are explored. The components, forces, and trends that have shaped the tourism industry will be examined, as will the impacts of tourism on places, societies, and cultures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-170",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 200",
    "title": "Garde Manger",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 210) Provides students with skills and knowledge in preparing food from the cold kitchen. Explores preparation of cold soups, canapés, hors d'oeuvres, forcemeat, charcuterie, garnishes, and food preservation techniques. Students will learn how to prepare display trays, platter, and buffets with emphasis on presentation design and workmanship. Develops techniques for preparation of sandwiches, salads, and dressings. Discusses categories and types of cheese, and carving techniques for decorative fruit and vegetables. Extra fees required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-200",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-200.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 205",
    "title": "Artisan and Specialty Breads",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds upon foundational skills of bread making from HCTI 104 , and introduces students to technically advanced artisan breads; alternative flour breads; viennoiserie pastries such as croissants, brioche, breakfast danish; and specialty holiday breads of stollen and panettone. Students will explore in depth varying flours, optional grains, and natural yeast starters for use in quantity production, bread displays, breakfast buffets, and banquet presentations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-205",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 210",
    "title": "Advanced Artistry Techniques",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares students for an entry level position as chocolatier, pastry cook, or pastry sous chef. Students will focus on the principles of chocolate artistry skills from tempering to enrobing and casting of couverture. Students will produce individual confections of frozen desserts, souffles, truffles, fudge, toffee, bark, brittle, and marshmallows. Utilizing skills learned during the course, students will craft showpieces made of chocolate and pastillage, as well as pulled, poured, and blown sugar. Students will build on foundational skills to produce, assemble, and decorate multi-tiered (wedding) cakes using various icings, fillings, marzipan, gumpaste, and fondant.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-210",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 220",
    "title": "Food and Beverage Operations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 216) Provides an analysis of different types of food service operations, beginning with an overview of the food service segment of the hospitality industry. Detailed consideration is given to food and beverage operations, management principles and leadership styles, human resource functions, and employment laws. Examines all operational functions to include marketing, menu planning, production, service, beverage management and responsible alcohol service, sanitation and safety issues, facility design and equipment, and accounting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-220",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 225",
    "title": "International and American Regional Cuisine",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 240) Provides advanced training in the preparation of International and American regional cuisines. Students will prepare recipes including meats, poultry, seafood, vegetables, and desserts, as well as explore cuisines from a cultural, geographical, religious, and historical perspective. Emphasis is placed on flavor profiles and cooking techniques associated with regions and their international influence. Introduction to wine varietals from around the world, distillation, and fermentation of beverages. Extra fees required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-225",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-225.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 230",
    "title": "Restaurant Production and Service",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 250) Provides the capstone student experience of applying learned knowledge and skills in an operational restaurant setting. Students rotate through the dining room and kitchen in this intensive course. Front-of-the-House students train and carry out dining room rules of service from set-up to closing. Back-of-the-House students learn brigade station responsibilities of à la carte preparation, cooking, and plating techniques. All students work together applying communication, problem solving, and time management skills to provide quality customer service to guests. Students develop a food service concept to include all key operational elements. Extra fees required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-230",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 255",
    "title": "Applied Hospitality Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 261) Provides leadership and management tools in the hospitality industry to enhance guest service and profitability by introducing students to topics such as managing organizational change, traditional management roles and styles versus leadership in the twenty-first century, quality management, continuous improvement, power and empowerment, communication skills, goal setting and coaching, high-performance teams, diversity, strategic career planning, and ethics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-255",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-255.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 260",
    "title": "Hospitality Business Analysis",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 263) Explores a new, multidisciplinary approach to business analysis that utilizes revenue management, blending together elements of marketing, operations, and finance management. Students will learn the various components of revenue management, and how to use them when performing business analyses and recommending business enhancements.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-260",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-260.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000036",
    "code": "HCTI 265",
    "title": "HCTI Practicum",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HOS 265) Provides students with supervised experience in a hospitality/culinary/tourism setting. Includes in-service training and practical experience, totaling a minimum of 240 hours in an approved hospitality operation, lodging, commercial or institutional food service/restaurant, meeting planning, or the related travel/tourism field. Focuses on the acquisition of employability, business, hospitality, and/or culinary technical and problem-solving skills that will give students the tools to become successfully employed in the hospitality, culinary, and tourism industry.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000127",
      "frederick-000128",
      "frederick-000129",
      "frederick-000130",
      "frederick-000132",
      "frederick-000133"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hcti/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-265",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hcti-265.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 101",
    "title": "History of Western Civilization I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 101) Examines the ancient Greeks and Romans, the rise and development of Christianity, the medieval period, and the Renaissance. This course, which focuses on the significant political, economic, social, cultural, and religious developments, is a survey of Western Civilization from its foundation through 1500.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 102",
    "title": "History of Western Civilization II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 102) Examines the Reformation, Absolutism, the Enlightenment, the political revolutions of the eighteenth century, the Industrial Revolution, imperialism, nationalism, fascism, the World Wars, the Cold War, and globalization. This course, which focuses on the significant political, economic, social, cultural, and religious developments, is a survey of Western Civilization from 1500 through the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-102",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 121",
    "title": "World History I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 121) Examines the rise and development of agriculture, the development of primary states, secondary states and empires, and the origins and spread of monotheistic culture. This course is a survey of World History from its foundation through 1500.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-121",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 122",
    "title": "World History II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines global interactions during the post-Bubonic Plague world, origins and development of modernity, and contemporary history after World War II. This course is a survey of world history from 1450 to present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-122",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 201",
    "title": "We the People: U.S. History to 1865",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 201) Examines colonial America, the American Revolution, the Constitution, the federal period, sectional conflict, and the Civil War. This period lays the foundation of the American experiment and includes the study of political, constitutional, economic, social, and cultural trends from the founding to 1865.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-201",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 202",
    "title": "Let Freedom Ring: U.S. History since 1865",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 202) Examines industrialization, progressivism, World War I, the Twenties, the Depression, the New Deal, World War II, the Cold War, and post-war America. This course emphasizes America's rise to a world power and includes the study of political, constitutional, economic, social, and cultural trends from 1865 to the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-202",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 212",
    "title": "Civil War",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 212) Examines the causes of the Civil War, the constitutional crisis confronting the Union, the conduct of the war by both the Union and Confederacy, the economic and social conditions of the homefront, the status and condition of African Americans and the wartime origins of Reconstruction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-212",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-212.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 213",
    "title": "History of the South",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 213) Explores the history of the South from the colonial period to the present. Examines the Golden Age of the Chesapeake, antebellum society, the institution of slavery, development of a regional identity, the War for Southern Independence, Reconstruction, readjustment of racial patterns, and the rise of the New South and the Sun Belt.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-213",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-213.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 214",
    "title": "The Civil Rights Movement",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 214) Explores the history of the Civil Rights movement in twentieth-century America. It begins with an overview of segregation, examines in detail the efforts of the movement to overcome Jim Crow discrimination, and concludes with an assessment of the movement's legacy.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-214",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-214.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 215",
    "title": "Constitutional History of the United States",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 215) Examines the Constitution and its impact within the context of the government, law, and politics. Topics covered include the origins of the Constitution, the development of judicial nationalism, the impact of slavery, the conflict leading up to the Civil War, reconstruction, the 1890s, the creation of the modern state, the New Deal era, the 1960s, and the movement toward a conservative constitutionalism.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-215",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 217",
    "title": "African-American History",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 217) Surveys African-American history from the arrival of the first Africans in 1619 to the present. Includes the major economic, political, and social forces that have helped shape the role of the African American in the history of America.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-217",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-217.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 220",
    "title": "World War II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 220) Surveys the major military and social developments of WWII through films and selected readings. Multicultural and multinational perspectives are included.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-220",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000037",
    "code": "HIST 221",
    "title": "The Sixties",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HI 221) Examines one of America's most turbulent decades: the 1960s. This course explores the Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War, the Anti-War Movement, and changing cultural and social mores. Emphasis will include an examination of the history, politics, literature, and music of the era.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000155"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hist/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-221",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hist-221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000038",
    "code": "HLTH 100",
    "title": "Stress Management Techniques",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HE 115) Introduces the basic concepts of stress management and focuses on coping strategies and techniques to reduce stress.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000124"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hlth/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hlth-100",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/hlth-100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000038",
    "code": "HLTH 108",
    "title": "Basic Medical Terminology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MEDA 108) Provides students with the basic medical terminology framework needed before advancing to a more comprehensive medical terminology or anatomy and physiology based course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000180"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hlth/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/hlth-108",
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    "id": "frederick-000038",
    "code": "HLTH 109",
    "title": "Medical Terminology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MEDA 109) Provides a framework for building and defining medical vocabulary. Students use techniques to gain an understanding of prefixes, suffixes, word roots, and combining forms related to every organ system. No previous knowledge of anatomy, physiology, or pathology is necessary.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "code": "HLTH 160",
    "title": "Stress Management",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HE 201) Examines current theories regarding the nature and sources of stress in life. Students are introduced to the physiology and psychology of stress. A variety of stress management techniques and coping strategies are explored.",
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      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000151"
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    "code": "HLTH 165",
    "title": "Fitness for Living",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PHED 165) Examines the components of fitness and wellness including exercise, physical activity, nutrition, stress management, body composition and weight control, and lifestyle-related disease. Includes both lecture and physical fitness components.",
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      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000123",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000147"
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    "id": "frederick-000039",
    "code": "HONR 101",
    "title": "Honors Academic Engagement Seminar",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ACE 110H) Introduces first-year students to current, real-world issues as they advance their critical thinking, communication, and research skills. Students will explore questions of local, national, and global significance through multicultural contexts, while building relationships with their classmates, instructor, and other college personnel. Additionally, students will use campus resources and co-curricular events to enhance their educational experience and foster their college success. Students cannot receive credit for both HONR 101 and ACCE 112.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000119",
      "frederick-000126"
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    "code": "HONR 102",
    "title": "The Research Process",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the research process and the academic skills needed to generate and share new knowledge or understanding. Recommended for any student attempting an honors contract who has not completed HONR 101 , PSYC 101H, or HIST 202H.",
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    "id": "frederick-000039",
    "code": "HONR 201",
    "title": "Honors Applied Leadership & Research",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will develop and explore questions of local, national, and global significance through multicultural contexts while building relationships with the instructor, classmates, and other college personnel. Students will refine research and presentation skills in preparation for academic conferences.",
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      "ACE 201H"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 101",
    "title": "Cultural Identity in America: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the fundamental concepts of identity construction and examines such identities in the context of culture, with particular focus on race, gender, class, and sexuality. As an experiential course, it seeks to increase the skills and sensitivity necessary to process the intersections of one’s identities in a diverse global, national, and local community.",
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 104",
    "title": "Humanities in a Digital World",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HU 104) Surveys the impacts of digital technologies, platforms, and tools (e.g., internet, social media, gaming, data analytics and visualization) on storytelling, the human experience, and the study of humanities. Explores digital and social media as cultural artifacts. Expands digital literacy through the analysis and application of digital tools within multiple disciplines.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000085"
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 105",
    "title": "Cultural Studies: Latin America",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HU 105) Introduces the cultural traditions of Latin America focusing on the art, literature, dance, music, theater, and film of Meso, Central, and South America as well as the Caribbean.",
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 107",
    "title": "Cultural Studies: Asia",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HU 107) Introduces the cultural traditions of Asia focusing on the art, literature, dance, music, theater, and film of East Asia, India, and the Pacific Islands.",
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 204",
    "title": "World Religions",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 204) Explores the spiritual practices, symbols, myths, and beliefs of indigenous, eastern, and Abrahamic faiths, as well as those of some emerging religious movements such as Scientology. Students will also examine the impact of religion on human culture.",
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 210",
    "title": "The Language of Hip Hop",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HU 210) Examines the role of language, both verbal and non-verbal, in the aesthetics, intercultural communication, and cultural practices of hip hop through the study of the origins and evolution of the culture, moving on to key topics including authenticity, class, and language ideology. Students will identify current and historical elements of hip hop culture in the US. Through multimedia analysis, critical reading and listening, and student led discussion, students will develop skills necessary to critically analyze and explore the language of hip hop and survey its historical development, political significance, and social influence.",
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    "id": "frederick-000040",
    "code": "HUMN 223",
    "title": "Classical Mythology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly EN 223) Surveys Greek and Roman mythology, emphasizing the impact it has had on Western literature, art, music and human culture throughout the ages. Attention will also be paid to the sites of the ancient world that have gained special significance through these myths.",
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 103",
    "title": "Introduction to Social Work and the Human Services",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 103) Surveys the philosophies of the field of social work and all of the human services. Examines the historical and theoretical approaches to the understanding of social work and the agencies that deal with delivery of services to members of society. Includes the interrelationship of human services and examines the knowledge, values and skills of the helping process. Particular emphasis is placed on the concept of human diversity and the impact of oppression and discrimination. This course will highlight the human needs that social workers address across the life span with particular emphasis on the needs of older adults.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000156"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 202",
    "title": "Techniques of Counseling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focuses on the development of counseling skills, specific helping behaviors, and qualities of effective counselors needed for certification and beyond, as well as ethical and legal issues encountered in the helping professions. Students will study historical and philosophical foundations and the various professional organizations related to the counseling profession.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000156"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hums/",
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 203",
    "title": "Theories of Counseling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 203) Presents an overview of counseling theory, with focus on the development of specific helping behaviors.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/hums/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 204",
    "title": "Ethics and Practice Issues in the Human Services and Addiction Counseling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 204) Integrates a study of ethical and practice issues in the human service field with the student's experience in the internship education practicum. Special attention will be given to the special ethical issues in the addictions field. For Addictions Counseling A.A.S. and Certificate students: this course must be completed prior to enrolling in INTR 103 .",
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      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000156"
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 205",
    "title": "Addictions Counseling Delivery",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 205) Presents major theoretical approaches to the field of addictions, and introduction to the twelve core functions of the alcohol and drug abuse counselor. This course will include skill development training for the beginning alcohol and drug counselor.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075"
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 206",
    "title": "Pharmacology of Psychoactive Drugs",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 206) Presents the basic pharmacological and neurophysiological fundamentals of licit and illicit drug use. The primary focus of the course is the explanation of how drugs may alter body and brain function and how these alterations influence and mediate human behavior. Suggested for human service majors, especially those interested in addictions, current or potential health care professionals.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075"
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 207",
    "title": "Theory and Practice of Group Counseling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly HS 207) Presents the theory and practice of using groups as a counseling intervention in the human services. There will be a presentation of types of groups, general principles of groups, stages of evolution of groups, ethical and professional issues, and special emphasis on the use of groups in the drug and alcohol field.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075"
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    "id": "frederick-000041",
    "code": "HUMS 208",
    "title": "Family Counseling",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents the theoretical approaches of family therapy with a focus on family systems theory and their application in mental health settings. Students will explore treatment models for working with families and addicted families. The course will offer a fundamental knowledge necessary to engage in practical application of the theories discussed.",
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      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000156"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 104",
    "title": "Introduction to Interpreting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the profession of sign language interpreting. Covers the history of interpreting as a field of professional practice, the ethical and performance standards, the impact of legislation on the field, the phenomena of cross cultural dynamics, knowledge of environmental conditions, and the role of the interpreter as cultural mediator.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 112",
    "title": "Foundations of Interpreting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 112) Introduces students to the theory and application of the interpreting process. Students will practice receptive skills and process tasks needed for interpretation. Focus will primarily be on intralingual language exercises including shadowing, prediction and anticipation, memory enhancement, text analysis for goal and main points, and paraphrasing. Process models and descriptions will be covered and application will be provided to observed interpretations. Exercises will be conducted in both English and ASL. The goal of the course is to develop cognitive processing skills involved in the interpreting process.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 114",
    "title": "Consecutive Interpreting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 114) Develops consecutive interpreting skills and prepares students for the simultaneous interpreting process. Students will compare ASL and English semantic/syntactic structures to the consecutive interpreting process. Focus in the course will be on source and target text analysis, vocabulary expansion, and interpreting process skill development.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 116",
    "title": "Cognitive Processing & Translation in Interpreting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Builds on foundational skills related to cognitive processing in English and American Sign Language. Students will learn what cognitive processing is and how to process linguistic, situational, contextual, and cultural information in two languages. Students will also gain an understanding of the translation process and why it is important in the field of interpreting. They will learn each step of the translation process in isolation and then build the foundational skills to apply each step in sequence.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 212",
    "title": "ASL to English Interpreting I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 212) Focuses on the process of interpretation, provides practice of requisite skills and process tasks and applies skills and interpreting theory to the translation process. The course of study focuses on lexical development, syntactical language comparisons, voice production techniques, text/discourse/interpreting process analysis, semantic mapping, and diagnostic assessment.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 214",
    "title": "English to ASL Interpreting I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 214) Provides in-depth study and practice of ASL/English interpretation through the understanding and use of the simultaneous mode of interpreting. Provides techniques of translating the source language, English to the target, and American Sign Language (ASL) in a simultaneous manner.",
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      "frederick-000089",
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 222",
    "title": "ASL to English Interpreting II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 222) Provides students with additional practice in specific skill areas related to ASL to English interpretation. Text/discourse/process analysis, lexical and syntactic development, and voice production techniques for simultaneous ASL to English interpretation. Course content is at an intermediate to advanced level of speed and complexity. Students will work primarily from videotaped language models.",
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      "frederick-000089",
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    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 224",
    "title": "English to ASL Interpreting II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 224) Allows students to continue practicing rendering the target language (ASL) from the source language (English) simultaneously. Provides preparation for Internship. Continued emphasis and focus is on appropriate use of lexical and syntactic principles and non-manual behaviors of ASL.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 228",
    "title": "Interpreting Environments",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Increases knowledge of environment/setting specific terminology and expectations. Discusses the roles and responsibilities within team interpreting. Briefly discusses various interpreting environments.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 230",
    "title": "Internship Seminar & Interpreting Environments",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ITR 230) Increases students' awareness of the requirements, guidelines, professional practices, and types of placements for field experience. Students will discuss protocol, skills, ethics, and business practices needed for specific site placements. Discusses the roles and responsibilities within team interpreting. Briefly discusses various interpreting environments.",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000042",
    "code": "INTP 250",
    "title": "Practicum in ASL Interpreting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides ASL interpreting students with 135 hours of supervised field experience through real-life interpreting practice. Students will complete these hours through a variety of settings suited to their current skills and readiness levels, including specialized observations and workshops. During the internship, students will have the opportunity to apply skills learned in their coursework. They will also receive support through mentoring, instructor-led and student-led group discussions, and collaborative feedback. Additionally, students will develop professional skills by learning how to apply for positions, interview effectively, and navigate the screening process. By the end of the practicum, they will be prepared to pursue employment in the field of ASL interpreting.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000090"
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    "title": "Internship",
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    "description": "Provides the student with an opportunity to gain knowledge and skills from a planned work experience in the student's chosen career field. In addition to meeting Core Learning Outcomes, jointly developed Specific Learning Outcomes are selected and evaluated by the Faculty Internship Advisor, Work-Site Supervisor, and the student. Internship placements are directly related to the student s program of study and provide learning experiences not available in the classroom setting. Internships provide entry-level, career-related experiences, and workplace competencies that employers value when hiring new employees. Internships may also be used as an opportunity to explore career fields. Students must meet with the Internship Coordinator prior to registering.",
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    "code": "ITAL 101",
    "title": "Introductory Italian I",
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    "description": "Introduces the fundamentals of Italian grammar and vocabulary. Develops oral and reading skills in the language and competence in answering basic questions. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into Italian culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "code": "ITAL 102",
    "title": "Introductory Italian II",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "ITAL 201",
    "title": "Intermediate Italian I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to intermediate level. Group discussions in Italian and increased emphasis in reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
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    "code": "LATN 101",
    "title": "Introductory Latin I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces classical Latin language. Presents the study of Latin grammar and vocabulary with the goal of developing reading skills in the language. Offers insight into Roman literature, thought and expression through the reading of Latin sentences and passages derived from ancient authors.",
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    "code": "LATN 102",
    "title": "Introductory Latin II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues the fundamentals of LATN 101 . Introduces elementary readings in Latin literature.",
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    "code": "LATN 201",
    "title": "Intermediate Latin I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents Latin grammar through lecture, practice, review and the reading of ancient authors. Includes medieval Latin and the Vulgate Roman and Greek culture appropriate to the readings. Increases English vocabulary by recognition of English words derived through Latin.",
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    "code": "LATN 202",
    "title": "Intermediate Latin II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Reviews Latin grammar. Presents Virgil s Aeneid, Books I, II, IV and VI. Includes Roman and Greek culture and mythology appropriate to the readings.",
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    "code": "LGST 100",
    "title": "Introduction to Law",
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    "code": "LGST 103",
    "title": "Ethics for the Legal Professional",
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    "description": "(formerly LA 103) Concentrates on the ethical responsibilities that have been established by statutes, courts decisions, court rules, and professional associations affecting legal assistants/paralegals and lawyers. Includes conflict of interest, confidentiality, competence, solicitation, fees and billing, obligations of attorneys to clients, and protection of client funds. Covers the nature of supervision in order to avoid unauthorized practice of law.",
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    "code": "LGST 104",
    "title": "Contracts",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LA 104) Covers the fundamental principles of contract law; the manner in which contracts are formed; the elements of a valid contract; the rights and obligations of various parties to a contract, as well as the rights of third parties; and available remedies when a contract is breached.",
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    "code": "LGST 105",
    "title": "Torts",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LA 105) Covers the fundamental principles of tort law: intentional torts, negligence, and strict liability. Examines causes of action, defenses, and remedies, Develops skills to investigate and evaluate tort claims. Introduces tort litigation procedures and documents.",
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    "code": "LGST 106",
    "title": "Technology for the Legal Profession",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LA 106) Prepares students for the increasing levels of computer literacy demanded by the legal profession. Covers the basic features of at least one commonly used word processing program, database program, spreadsheet program and legal specific programs for calendaring, timekeeping and billing. Offers basic features of computer-assisted legal research and other electronic resources. Incorporates current technological trends used by the legal profession.",
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    "code": "LGST 150",
    "title": "Access to Justice Practicum I",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "Offers specialized training to paralegal students that incorporates practical opportunities working beside pro bono, self-help center, and limited scope attorneys to promote access to justice to low- and moderate-income people in crisis. Includes field placement preparing students to work respectfully, professionally, and ethically with attorneys providing legal services/information using available resources.",
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    "code": "LGST 200",
    "title": "Legal Research",
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    "id": "frederick-000046",
    "code": "LGST 205",
    "title": "Legal Writing",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offers working knowledge of techniques of legal writing in the preparation of a variety of legal documents such as legal correspondence, briefs, memoranda, and pleadings. Incorporates analysis and synthesis of research to draft legal documents. Emphasizes the importance of proper format and citation.",
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    "id": "frederick-000046",
    "code": "LGST 210",
    "title": "Estates and Probate",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "Covers basic legal concepts and fundamental principles of law as applied to the more common forms of wills, trusts, and intestacy, as well as organization and jurisdiction of the probate court. Examines strategies and tools available for estate planning. Develops a working knowledge of resources that reflect the process and procedures required by law for estate administration. Includes drafting of a simple will and advanced directive. Explores course procedures and public records research. Presents computer applications in estate law.",
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    "id": "frederick-000046",
    "code": "LGST 220",
    "title": "Civil Litigation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a comprehensive study of civil litigation, state, and federal court structure and procedure. Explores components of the litigation process. Includes drafting pleadings and other documents associated with litigation. Incorporates use of technology in the litigation process. Develops skills to effectively and ethically support the litigation process. Introduces administrative procedure.",
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      "frederick-000144",
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    "id": "frederick-000046",
    "code": "LGST 230",
    "title": "Real Estate",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers basic legal concepts and fundamental principles of real estate law. Topics include property rights; types of land ownership/estates; easements; title and use of real estate; agreements for sale; financing; conveyancing; title insurance; settlement procedures; recording and post-closing matters that deal with residential, commercial, condominiums, and planned communities; and landlord/tenant matters. Develops a working knowledge of resources that reflect the process and procedures required by law.",
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      "frederick-000144",
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    "id": "frederick-000046",
    "code": "LGST 240",
    "title": "Family Law",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LA 240) Explores the fundamentals and emerging issues in family law. Topics include marriage, separation, divorce, alimony, child custody and visitation, child support, disposition of property and legal rights of children, adoption, guardianship, and domestic relations. Explores court procedures, public records research, and the mediation process. Presents computer applications in domestic relations practice.",
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      "frederick-000144",
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 101",
    "title": "Foundations of Mathematics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MATH 101 (formerly MA 103) Presents topics including problem solving strategies, logic, numeration systems, set theory, classification of numbers, algebra, financial management, geometry, measurement and right triangle trigonometry, probability, statistics, graphs, systems of equations, and linear programming. Student cannot receive credit for both MATH 101 and MATH 101A . Intended for students who need a survey of math principles for their non-STEM major/program. Not intended for students planning to pursue a STEM program. MATH 101A (formerly MA 103A) Presents topics including real numbers, algebraic expressions, solving and graphing linear equations, exponents, and logarithmic equations with an emphasis on functions, graphing, and modeling. Topics of college math covered may include problem solving strategies, logic, numeration systems, classification of numbers, algebra, financial management, geometry, measurement and right triangle trigonometry, probability, statistics, graphs, systems of equations, and linear programming. Students cannot receive credit for both MATH 101 and MATH 101A . Intended for students who need a survey of college math principles, with algebra, for their non-STEM major/program. Not intended for students planning to pursue a STEM program.",
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      "frederick-000103",
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      "frederick-000129",
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    "code": "MATH 101A",
    "title": "Foundations of Mathematics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MATH 101 (formerly MA 103) Presents topics including problem solving strategies, logic, numeration systems, set theory, classification of numbers, algebra, financial management, geometry, measurement and right triangle trigonometry, probability, statistics, graphs, systems of equations, and linear programming. Student cannot receive credit for both MATH 101 and MATH 101A . Intended for students who need a survey of math principles for their non-STEM major/program. Not intended for students planning to pursue a STEM program. MATH 101A (formerly MA 103A) Presents topics including real numbers, algebraic expressions, solving and graphing linear equations, exponents, and logarithmic equations with an emphasis on functions, graphing, and modeling. Topics of college math covered may include problem solving strategies, logic, numeration systems, classification of numbers, algebra, financial management, geometry, measurement and right triangle trigonometry, probability, statistics, graphs, systems of equations, and linear programming. Students cannot receive credit for both MATH 101 and MATH 101A . Intended for students who need a survey of college math principles, with algebra, for their non-STEM major/program. Not intended for students planning to pursue a STEM program.",
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 110",
    "title": "Fundamental Concepts of Mathematics I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 105) Note: MATH 110 is designed and recommended for Education majors in the Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education A.A.T. degrees only. Provides a comprehensive, conceptually-based background in elementary mathematics. Topics include historical development of numeration systems, decimal notation, arithmetic algorithms in decimal and other bases, elementary set theory and number theory. Intended for early childhood and elementary education students, or other non-STEM majors, who need a general course in problem-solving strategies, numeracy, and the real number system.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 113",
    "title": "Fundamental Concepts of Mathematics II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 106) Presents topics including plane and solid, metric and non-metric, dimensional analysis, congruence and similarity, and coordinate and transformational geometry. Emphasizes problem solving strategies. MATH 113 is not a general education course. Intended for early childhood education and elementary education students who need a conceptually-based study of the fundamentals of geometry.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 120",
    "title": "Statistics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MATH 120 (formerly MA 206) Introduces non-calculus statistics. Topics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, probability, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, and chi-square tests and non-parametric tests. Students can only receive credit for one of the following: MATH 120 or MATH 120A or MATH 127 . MATH 120A (formerly MA 206A) Combines an introductory non-calculus statistics course with topics from Algebra. Topics of Algebra include linear equations and inequalities, and graphing and modeling functions. Topics of Statistics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, probability, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, chi-square tests, and non-parametric tests. Students can only receive credit for one of the following: MATH 120 or MATH 120A or MATH 127 .",
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      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000089",
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      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 120A",
    "title": "Statistics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MATH 120 (formerly MA 206) Introduces non-calculus statistics. Topics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, probability, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, and chi-square tests and non-parametric tests. Students can only receive credit for one of the following: MATH 120 or MATH 120A or MATH 127 . MATH 120A (formerly MA 206A) Combines an introductory non-calculus statistics course with topics from Algebra. Topics of Algebra include linear equations and inequalities, and graphing and modeling functions. Topics of Statistics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, probability, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, chi-square tests, and non-parametric tests. Students can only receive credit for one of the following: MATH 120 or MATH 120A or MATH 127 .",
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 125",
    "title": "Business Statistics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly BU/MA 205) Introduces non-calculus statistics for business using spreadsheets. Topics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, probability, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, and chi-square tests and non-parametric tests.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000099",
      "frederick-000153"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 127",
    "title": "Statistics with Probability",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 207) Introduces non-calculus statistics with additional topics in elementary probability. Statistical topics include descriptive analysis and treatment of data, statistical inference, linear regression and correlation, and chi-square tests. Topics from Elementary Probability include basic event and outcome concepts, fundamental rules of probability, random variables and their distributions, and expectation. Practical applications of the course concepts are explored through team projects. Students cannot receive credit for both MATH 127 and MATH 120 / MATH 120A .",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000153"
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    "code": "MATH 145",
    "title": "College Algebra",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
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      "frederick-000096",
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      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 145S",
    "title": "College Algebra",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 165",
    "title": "Precalculus",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 111) Includes topics from college algebra and trigonometry with a graphing approach such as right triangle trigonometry, circular trigonometric functions, inverse trigonometric functions, exponential functions, power functions, logarithmic functions, and polynomial functions and their zeros.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178",
      "frederick-000179"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 170",
    "title": "Introduction to Discrete Mathematics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 202) Presents topics including sets and logic, elementary number theory, graph theory, matrices, algorithm design, mathematical induction and recursion. Intended for students pursuing a STEM major to develop their problem-solving skills.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000178"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 175",
    "title": "Applied Calculus",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 201) Presents methods for finding the derivatives and integrals of algebraic and transcendental functions with applications in each program. This course is a brief, applied version of traditional Calculus designed to help students understand how calculus is used in business, biology, and/or the social sciences. This course is not intended to replace traditional Calculus, nor can it be used as a prerequisite for Calculus I or Calculus II.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000096",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000169"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 185",
    "title": "Calculus I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 210) Presents topics including functions, limits, continuity, the derivative concept, differentiation techniques (including product rule, quotient rule, chain rule, and implicit differentiation), applications of the derivative, and definite and indefinite integral concepts. The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus is discussed and used in the context of introductory integration. Intended for students in mathematics, science, engineering, medical, and other technical programs as the first course in the three-semester calculus sequence ( MATH 185 , MATH 195 , MATH 285 ).",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000126",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178",
      "frederick-000179"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 195",
    "title": "Calculus II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 211) Presents the second of three courses in the calculus sequence. Topics include methods and applications of integration, improper integrals, sequences and series, Taylor approximations, and an introduction to differential equations.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000104",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
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    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 220",
    "title": "Introduction to MATLAB",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 214) Provides an introduction to MATLAB, a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth-generation programming language, including popular toolboxes. The course consists of interactive workshops with students doing sample MATLAB problems in real time. Problem-based MATLAB assignments are given which require significant time on MATLAB.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 265",
    "title": "Linear Algebra",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 218) Includes systems of linear equations, determinants, vectors in 2- and 3-space, vector spaces, linear transformations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors and applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000178"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 275",
    "title": "Differential Equations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 213) Presents the principles involved in solving differential equations of order one. Topics covered include initial value problems, reduction of order, homogeneous linear equations, undetermined coefficients, systems of linear equations, power series solutions about ordinary points, Laplace transform, separable variables, linear and non-linear models, and variation of parameters.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000047",
    "code": "MATH 285",
    "title": "Calculus III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MA 212) Presents the final course in the three-semester calculus sequence. Topics include functions of several variables and their graphs, vectors, parametric equations, partial derivatives, multiple integrals and applications, Green s Theorem, Stokes Theorem and the fundamental theorem of line integrals.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 101",
    "title": "Music History and Appreciation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 101) Traces the development of musical expression in Western Art Music by providing an introduction of musical elements such as melody, harmony, tone color, rhythm, form, and texture. Students will be able to identify style periods and representative composers from the Middle Ages to the Modern Era and demonstrate musical knowledge through directed listening and topical writing assignments. Music reading skills unnecessary.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 103",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Music",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 103) Covers the basic elements of music such as note reading, rhythm, scales, key signatures, and intervals. Includes an introduction to fundamental keyboard skills and simple ear training exercises. Intended for students with limited musical knowledge who wish to study music theory or learn to read music.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 104",
    "title": "Songwriting I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores and develops the skills and understanding employed as a songwriter. Along with building the necessary music theory knowledge, students will explore the characteristics of melody, musical forms common in popular music, the relationship between music and text, common instrumentation, and basic recording techniques. This hands-on course involves significant musical composition and analysis. While the focus is on popular music of the United States, there will be some incorporation of popular music from around the world.",
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      "frederick-000086"
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    "code": "MUSC 106",
    "title": "Ear Training and Musicianship I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 106) Converts theoretical knowledge into practical application through sight-singing, ear-training, and rhythmic exercises. Study concepts are derived from material introduced in Music Theory I, including major and minor scales, intervals, sequential patterns and simple melodies, rhythmic patterns, tempos, and triads. Note: Concurrent enrollment in Music Theory ( MUSC 111 ) and Ear Training and Musicianship I is required of all music majors.",
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      "frederick-000086",
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      "frederick-000162"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 107",
    "title": "Ear Training and Musicianship II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 107) Continues Ear Training and Musicianship I, coordinated with material presented in Music Theory II, including non-harmonic tones, chorale style, syncopated rhythms, cadences, and harmonic progressions. Note: Concurrent enrollment in Music Theory II ( MUSC 112 ) and Ear Training and Musicianship II is required of all music transfer majors.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 109",
    "title": "American Popular Music",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 109) Surveys the development of American popular music in the 20th and 21st centuries, including the origins of both pop/rock styles, significant artists, cross-pollination with other genres, and impact on American culture. Selected pieces are examined in detail through directed listening. Topical writing assignments are required. Music reading skills unnecessary.",
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      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 111",
    "title": "Music Theory I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 111) Presents a study of diatonic harmony through a review of music fundamentals, followed by an introduction to two and four part writing, figured bass and popular chord symbols, and theoretical analyses of musical examples. Includes some dictation and ear training drills. Note: Concurrent enrollment in Music Theory I and Ear Training and Musicianship I ( MUSC 106 ) is required of all music transfer majors.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 112",
    "title": "Music Theory II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 112) Reviews conventional 4-part writing practices and introduces 7th chords, chord progressions, secondary dominants, and modulations. Explores elementary composition and harmonization techniques. Note: Concurrent enrollment in Music Theory II and Ear Training and Musicianship II ( MUSC 107 ) is required of all music transfer majors.",
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      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 117",
    "title": "Choral Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 117) Presents a variety of choral literature for study and performance. Open to all students, and provides an ensemble option for the first year of study for music majors. Students participate as members of the Choral Arts Society of Frederick. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 119",
    "title": "Jazz Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Study of jazz theory and harmony with practical application on chosen instrument. Two lecture/rehearsal hours weekly culminating in end of semester concert. Open to all students with permission of instructor and provides an ensemble option for the first year of study for music majors. Individual instruction on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
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      "MU 119"
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 121",
    "title": "Orchestral Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Open to all students with permission of instructor and provides an ensemble option for the first year of study for music majors. Individual instruction on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MU 121"
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 123",
    "title": "Wind Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Open to all students and provides an ensemble option for the first year of study for music majors. Individual instruction in chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MU 123"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 125",
    "title": "Chamber Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides training in the fundamentals of rehearsing and performing in a small, conductor-less group. Through study and performance of diverse repertoire, students will improve general musicianship, playing technique, rehearsal strategy, and active listening. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 130",
    "title": "Foundations of Audio Technology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 130) Introduces components of the recording process including a detailed analysis of the nature of sound, human hearing, and basic principles of electricity. Students will learn basic digital audio workstation operation and other skills required to work in the studio.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000085",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 135",
    "title": "Audio Recording Techniques",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 135) Provides an in-depth exploration of microphone technology, analog and digital theory, and recording systems. Students will explore techniques for recording in the tonmeister style of engineering, particularly as it relates to microphone techniques and editing using a digital audio workstation.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 141",
    "title": "Class Voice I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 141) Offers class instruction in singing with emphasis on basic techniques of voice production, including correct breathing, posture, vowel production, and vocal problems. Various repertoire will be studied. Open to beginners. One class hour per week.",
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 142",
    "title": "Class Voice II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 142) Builds on skills learned in Class Voice I including more in depth study of vocal problems and vocal technique. Individual repertoire will be chosen from various styles, including folk, classical, musical theater, and contemporary. Emphasis on advancing performing skills and stylistic considerations.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 145",
    "title": "Publishing, Licensing, and Copyrighting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 145) Examines music publishing, licensing, and copyright procedures used by the professional musician, music administrator, and music producer.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-145",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 151",
    "title": "Class Piano I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 151) Offers beginning piano study in a classroom-lab setting. A computer workstation with electronic keyboard is available for class use. Prior music experience is not required. Students will be trained in basic keyboard skills and, if necessary, music fundamentals. In-class performances of songs with both hands will be required in all four semesters of this course. Regular individual practice on a keyboard/piano is expected.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-151",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 152",
    "title": "Class Piano II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 152) Builds on skills learned in Class Piano I. New keyboard skills include scales and chord progressions in simple major keys, as well as reading lead sheets with primary chords. Students will learn and perform two-hand repertoire featuring melody and various types of chord accompaniments to a basic standard. More elements of keyboard technique will be explored. Regular individual practice on a keyboard/piano is expected.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086",
      "frederick-000161"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 170",
    "title": "Music Lessons for Non-Music Majors",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students focus on building the fundamentals of tone, technique, and style as well as practice skills needed for individual growth. Music majors who need additional instruction, in primary or secondary instruments, after beginning the music major applied sequence are also eligible to enroll. This course may be taken for credit up to four times for a total of 4 credits but does not count toward a music degree.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 172",
    "title": "First Year Piano",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 172) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 174",
    "title": "First Year Voice",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 174) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 178",
    "title": "First Year Brass",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 178) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-178",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 180",
    "title": "First Year Woodwinds",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 180) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-180",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-180.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 182",
    "title": "First Year Strings",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 182) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-182",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-182.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 184",
    "title": "First Year Guitar",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 184) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-184",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-184.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 186",
    "title": "First Year Percussion",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 186) Offers thirteen hour-long lessons of instruction that encompass technique, theory, style, interpretation, and performance of selected literature. Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-186",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 188",
    "title": "First Year Music Composition",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Each semester of composition will take the student on a progressive exploration of the materials, skills, styles, techniques, and aesthetics involved in composing original music. When appropriate, specific content may be included to assist individuals in achieving their creative and/or professional goals or to rectify a deficiency in their technique. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-188",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 201",
    "title": "Music Cultures of the World",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 108) Provides an introduction to the indigenous musical expressions of countries around the world, including African, Asian, Latin American, native North American, and the Caribbean, emphasizing a global perspective and artistic interaction of world cultures. Considers origins, unique instruments, significant genres, notable artists, and cultural functions. Selected pieces are examined in detail through directed listening. Topical writing assignments are required.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-201",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 206",
    "title": "Ear Training and Musicianship III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 206) Continues skills from Ear Training and Musicianship II, coordinating with Music Theory III, including harmonic dictations in chorale style, melodic dictations with wider intervallic leaps and some chromaticism, and rhythmic dictations of more complex patterns. Sight-singing and keyboard activities are commensurate with each student's experience and ability. Computers available for use in and outside of class time.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-206",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 207",
    "title": "Ear Training and Musicianship IV",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 207) Continues skills from Ear Training and Musicianship III, coordinating with Music Theory IV, emphasizing modal melodies, chromaticism, changing meters, and modulations. In-class dictations will alternate with individual keyboard and singing assignments during class time. Computer workstations are available for use during class time.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-207",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 211",
    "title": "Music Theory III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 211) Continues Music Theory II, with further work on modulations, dominant relationships, cadential identifications, extended part-writing procedures, altered chords, and analyses. Includes characteristics of instrumental and vocal writing, the Neapolitan six chord and augmented sixth chords, and harmonizations with all types of chords and figured bass symbols.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-211",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 212",
    "title": "Music Theory IV",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 212) Continues Music Theory III. Includes a review of extended chords and binary and ternary forms, and a more extensive study of large-scale forms such as fugues, theme and variation, sonata-allegro form, and the rondo. Introduction to late Romanticism, Impressionism, and 20th century compositional techniques using complex harmonic progressions, whole-tone and pentatonic scales, and atonality.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-212",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-212.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 217",
    "title": "Choral Ensemble II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 217) Presents a variety of choral literature for study and performance. Open to all students, and provides an ensemble option for the second year of study for music majors. Students participate as members of the Choral Arts Society of Frederick. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-217",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-217.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 219",
    "title": "Jazz Ensemble II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 219) Studies advanced jazz songs and improvisation. Discussion of complex theory, harmony, and rhythms with practical application on chosen instrument. Two lecture/rehearsal hours weekly culminating in end of semester concert. Private lessons on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. Open to all students with permission of instructor and provides an ensemble option for the second year of study for music majors. Individual instruction on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-219",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-219.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 221",
    "title": "Orchestral Ensemble II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 221) Presents great orchestral music of the Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Contemporary musical eras as the basis for study and performance. Open to all students with permission of the instructor and provides an ensemble option for the second year of study for music majors. Individual instruction on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-221",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 223",
    "title": "Wind Ensemble II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 223) Presents a variety of wind ensemble literature as the basis for further study and performance. Open to all students with permission of instructor and provides an ensemble option for the second year of study for music majors. Individual instruction on chosen instrument recommended concurrently. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-223",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 225",
    "title": "Chamber Ensemble II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides training in the fundamentals of rehearsing and performing in a small, conductor-less group. Through study and performance of diverse repertoire, students will improve general musicianship, playing technique, rehearsal strategy, and active listening. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-225",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 230",
    "title": "Studio Recording Techniques",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 230) Focuses on contemporary recording techniques associated with popular music production. Topics include multi-track recording, overdubbing, MIDI, and project management.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-230",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 235",
    "title": "Advanced Audio Production",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 235) Provides in-depth study and practical application of the tools and techniques used in professional audio recording in a variety of musical styles at a professional level. Includes advanced practical training in signal processing, mixing, and mastering. Additional topics include audio for video and product delivery.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-235",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-235.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 240",
    "title": "MIDI Music Production Techniques",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 240) Explores electronic music production. Students will produce electronic music using a variety of software and techniques. Topics will include notation, MIDI and controller programming, sampling, sequencing, virtual instruments, synthesizers, and production techniques.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-240",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 250",
    "title": "Music Industry Practicum and Seminar",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Uses seminar/discussion approach and practicum experience to analyze the role and functions of the producer and recording engineer in the professional studio recording environment. Emphasis is on the application of project planning and multi-track recording strategies, artist development issues in the studio, and role development as a producer and recording engineer.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000161",
      "frederick-000162"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-250",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 251",
    "title": "Class Piano III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 251) Continues material presented in Class Piano II. New keyboard skills include scales and chord progressions in simple minor keys as well as more complicated major keys. Students will learn and perform two-hand repertoire featuring melody and various types of chord accompaniments to a basic standard. Elements of keyboard technique will continue to be developed. Regular individual practice on a keyboard/piano is expected.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 252",
    "title": "Class Piano IV",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MU 252) Continues material presented in Class Piano III. New keyboard skills include arpeggios, greater independence of hands in polyphonic repertoire, and playing in a greater variety of styles (classical, blues, folk, etc.). All major and minor scales will be learned, hands together in one octave. Students will learn and perform two-hand repertoire featuring melody and various types of chord accompaniments to a level consistent with a secondary keyboard major in a four-year music program. Elements of keyboard technique will continue to be developed. Regular individual practice on a keyboard/piano is expected.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-252",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 272",
    "title": "Second Year Piano",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MU 272"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-272",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 274",
    "title": "Second Year Voice",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MU 274"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/musc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/musc-274",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000048",
    "code": "MUSC 278",
    "title": "Second Year Brass",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Additional required repertoire and performance classes. Specific dates for these classes are announced at the beginning of the semester. A jury examination is held at the end of the semester and is to be regarded as the final exam. Additional instructor fee: see fee schedule in credit schedule. This course may be taken for credit up to two times for a total of 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MU 278"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000086"
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    "title": "Licensed Practical Nurse, Paramedic, and Military Veteran Transition to Nursing Clinical Course",
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    "description": "Air Force Medical Technicians, U.S. Navy Hospital Corpsmen, and U.S. Army Medics to transition into the second year of the FCC Associate Degree Nursing Program.",
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    "code": "NURS 211",
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    "code": "NURS 218",
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    "code": "NURS 231",
    "title": "Medical-Surgical Nursing III",
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    "code": "NUTR 100",
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    "code": "NUTR 102",
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    "code": "NUTR 200",
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    "code": "PBHL 170",
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    "code": "PBHL 190",
    "title": "Personal and Community Health",
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    "code": "PBHL 200",
    "title": "Introduction to Research in Health Science",
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    "code": "PBHL 222",
    "title": "Federal Healthcare Programs and Laws",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly MEDA 222) Prepares students in allied health programs to enter the workforce with a basic understanding of federal healthcare programs and federal healthcare laws. The course will provide students with a knowledge of the populations receiving assistance from the government as well as identifying the federal laws that govern workers' provisions of health services laws.",
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      "frederick-000124"
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    "code": "PBHL 225",
    "title": "Human Sexuality",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines foundations of human sexuality including biological, historical, social, societal, cultural, and personal components. Emphasis placed on sexual health, rights, and practices and their impacts on individuals and society.",
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      "frederick-000124"
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    "code": "PBHL 240",
    "title": "Introduction to Health Behaviors",
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    "description": "Provides students with a foundational understanding of the principles, theories, and practices related to health behavior within the context of public health. Students will learn how theory can be used to investigate health-related behaviors and interventions. The knowledge and skills gained in this course can be applied in addressing the health concerns of individuals and communities.",
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    "id": "frederick-000053",
    "code": "PHED 115",
    "title": "Weight Training",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PE 166) Introduces the student to basic weight training techniques, training programs, and safety procedures.",
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    "code": "PHED 137",
    "title": "Yoga Basics",
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    "code": "PHED 138",
    "title": "Tai Chi",
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    "description": "(formerly PE 195) Tai Chi is an unique and traditional Chinese exercise. The benefits of practice include strengthening health, preventing illness, and slowing the effects of aging. The class is designed to provide students with a basic knowledge and history of Tai Chi, and to provide an opportunity to learn and master Tai Chi skills.",
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    "code": "PHED 143",
    "title": "Pilates",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PE 190) Introduces the history of Pilates and describes the physiological basis of exercises that promote core body strength. Includes demonstration and active student participation of Pilates movements.",
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    "id": "frederick-000053",
    "code": "PHED 155",
    "title": "Advanced Tai Chi - Cultural Perspective",
    "credits": null,
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    "description": "(formerly HE 130) Introduces the traditional Chinese meditative exercise known as Tai Chi. While participating in the low intensity physical skills that comprise Tai Chi, students will be introduced to the culture, philosophy, history, and practice of the exercise.",
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    "code": "PHED 185",
    "title": "Yoga Practice and Fundamentals",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PE 188) Provides a holistic approach to understanding some of the fundamental principles and philosophies of yoga while also providing a weekly experiential Hatha (physical) practice.",
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    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Philosophy",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 101) Surveys major questions addressed and arguments made by many of the great philosophers. Sample issues covered include: what is the nature of reality, what makes us human, does God exist, and why is there evil?",
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    "code": "PHIL 102",
    "title": "Critical Thinking",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Enhances critical thinking faculties through thoughtful analysis of texts and ideas. Students identify flaws in modes of thoughts, proper research techniques, and other skills on how to engage in proper argumentative discussion.",
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    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 105",
    "title": "Ethics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 205) Introduces the problems and possibilities of moral theory and ethical decision making. Explores the application of these theories to specific moral issues such as abortion and euthanasia.",
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      "frederick-000082",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000155",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000158"
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    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 206",
    "title": "Symbolic Logic",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 206) Utilizes critical thinking skills to derive logical conclusions through the use of symbolic logic principles. Students will learn the basic structures of logical argumentation. Logic can enhance your study of computer programming, math, science, and law.",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 207",
    "title": "Biomedical Ethics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 207) Explores ethical theories and principles specifically applied to issues of healthcare, death and dying, genetics, and scientific inquiry.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phil/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phil-207",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 208",
    "title": "Business Ethics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 208) Explores the application of ethical theories and principles to specific situations addressed in the fields of business, advertising, marketing, and economics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000070",
      "frederick-000074",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169",
      "frederick-000171",
      "frederick-000173"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phil/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phil-208",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 209",
    "title": "Environmental Ethics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 209) Explores the relationship between humans and the nonhuman environment, and guides students in thinking more clearly, insightfully, and effectively about that relationship. Texts from a variety of philosophic traditions are explored in the context of the most pressing ethical, political, and legal issues concerning our treatment of the environment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000153"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phil/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000054",
    "code": "PHIL 210",
    "title": "Ethics and Film",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PH 210) Surveys philosophical reasoning through classic literature and film about morality, ethics, and the meanings of moral terms called meta-ethics. Some ethical issues presented include: good character, global health, justice, neocolonialism, genocide, environmentalism, war, consumerism, and disciplines such as bioethics and business ethics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phil/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phil-210",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phil-210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 101",
    "title": "Survey of Physical Science",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 103) Covers selected aspects of earth science, physics, chemistry, and the quantitative relationships involved in the behavior of matter. Uses simple experiments to introduce scientific topics as needed. Restricted to non-science majors. Students cannot receive credit for both ( PHSC 101 or PC 103) and ( PHSC 111 or PC 114).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 104",
    "title": "Survey of Oceanography",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 104) Presents a study of the ocean as a dynamic and changing entity. Emphasizes connections among disciplines in and outside the areas of science. Provides a basic understanding of scientific questions, complexities and uncertainties involved with the study and use of oceans.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-104",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 105",
    "title": "Survey of Meteorology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 105) Surveys the basic physics of the atmosphere and the diagnostic tools of the meteorologist. Includes some discussion of applied meteorology, forecasting, pollution, and climatology. Students cannot receive credit for both ( PHSC 105 or PC 105) and ( PHSC 115 or PC 106).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-105",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 109",
    "title": "Energy and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 121) Explores the nature and properties of energy. Emphasizes a scientific understanding of energy and is role in the global society. Examines current and alternative energy sources used to meet the needs of a growing and developing society. Some Friday or Saturday field trips.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-109",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 111",
    "title": "Introduction to Physical Science",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 114) Introduces the fundamental concepts of physics and chemistry with an emphasis on matter, motion, and energy. An inquiry-based, activities-oriented approach is used that emphasizes both conceptual and quantitative understandings of the physical world. Meets the requirement of a general education science lab course. Students cannot receive credit for both ( PHSC 111 or PC 114) and ( PHSC 101 or PC 103).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-111",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 112",
    "title": "Introduction to Earth Systems Science",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 115) Presents an overview of the solid, fluid, and living parts of the Earth system with an emphasis on how those parts are interconnected and ever changing. An inquiry-based, activities-oriented approach is used in the course. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-112",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 115",
    "title": "Introduction to Meteorology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 106) Surveys the basic physics of the atmosphere and the diagnostic tools of the meteorologist. Includes some discussion of applied meteorology, forecasting, pollution, and climatology. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course. Students cannot receive credit for both ( PHSC 115 or PC 106) and ( PHSC 105 or PC 105).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-115",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 117",
    "title": "Introduction to Astronomy",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 107) Presents a survey of astronomy that includes a study of the physical nature of the universe, the solar system, stars, nebulae, and galaxies. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-117",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 121",
    "title": "Physical Geology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 109) Introduces the physical and chemical processes that occur along the surface of the earth and within the earth's interior. Topics include plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, rocks and minerals, geologic maps, and the origin and continual modification of surface features. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000055",
    "code": "PHSC 122",
    "title": "Historical Geology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PC 108) Traces the history of the earth through time. Presents scientific theories on the origin of the earth and the evolution of life. Provides students with the tools to interpret the rock and fossil record with a focus on the geologic history of North America. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phsc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phsc-122",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000056",
    "code": "PHWT 131",
    "title": "Health Careers Skills: Certified Nursing Assistant",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides for the awarding of articulated credits following the completion of the FCC Certified Nursing Assistant program or a Certified Nursing Assistant credential aligned with standards set by the Maryland Board of Nursing or another accredited nursing board, in recognition of the learning and skills developed therein. Students must be pursuing the Pre-Health Professions Area of Concentration major.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phwt/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000056",
    "code": "PHWT 132",
    "title": "Health Careers Skills: Phlebotomy Technician",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides for the awarding of articulated credits following the completion of the FCC Phlebotomy Technician program or in recognition of certifications established by any of the following agencies: American Certification Agency (ACA) Certified Phlebotomy Technician, American Medical Technologists (AMT) Registered Phlebotomy Technician, American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) Phlebotomy Technician, American Society of Phlebotomy Technicians (ASPT) Phlebotomy Technician, National Center for Competency Testing (NCCT) Phlebotomy Technician, National Healthcare Association (NHA) Certified Phlebotomy Technician, or the National Phlebotomy Association (NPA) Certified Phlebotomy Technician. Students must be pursuing the Pre-Health Professions Area of Concentration major.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phwt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phwt-132",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000056",
    "code": "PHWT 133",
    "title": "Health Careers Skills: Sterile Processing Technician",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides for the awarding of articulated credits following the completion of the FCC Sterile Processing Technician program or in recognition of the International Association of Healthcare Central Service Materiel Management (IAHCSMM) the Certified Registered Central Service Technician (CRCST) certification. Students must be pursuing the Pre-Health Professions Area of Concentration major.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phwt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phwt-133",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000056",
    "code": "PHWT 134",
    "title": "Health Careers Skills: Dental Assistant/Oral Radiography",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides for the awarding of articulated credits following completion of the FCC Dental Assisting/Oral Radiography program or in recognition of both the National Entry-Level Dental Assistant (NELDA) credential awarded by the Dental Association National Board and the Radiation Health & Safety (RHS) approved by the Maryland State Board of Dental Examiners. Students must be pursuing the Pre-Health Professions Area of Concentration major.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phwt/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phwt-134",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phwt-134.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 101",
    "title": "Survey of Physics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 101) Presents a survey of physics. Topics include mechanics, energy, thermodynamics, waves, sound, electricity and magnetism, optics, and modern physics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000164",
      "frederick-000165",
      "frederick-000169"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 121",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Physics I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 201) Presents the first of a two-course introductory sequence to physics using algebra and trigonometry. Topics include Newtonian mechanics, rotational motion, fluids, oscillations, and waves. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000179"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-121",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 122",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Physics II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 202) Presents the second of a two-course introductory sequence to physics using algebra and trigonometry. Topics include thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-122",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 151",
    "title": "General Physics I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 203) Presents the first of a three-course introductory sequence to physics using calculus. Topics include Newtonian mechanics, work and energy, gravitation, fluids, oscillations, waves, and sound. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000175",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178",
      "frederick-000179"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-151",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-151.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 252",
    "title": "General Physics II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 204) Presents the second of a three-course introductory sequence to physics using calculus. Topics include thermodynamics, and electricity and magnetism. Meets the requirement for a general education science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000176",
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-252",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-252.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000057",
    "code": "PHYS 253",
    "title": "General Physics III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PY 205) Presents the third of a three-course introductory sequence to physics using calculus. Topics include optics, modern physics, and special relativity. Meets the requirement for a science lab course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000177",
      "frederick-000178"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/phys/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-253",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/phys-253.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000058",
    "code": "PLAC 101",
    "title": "Prior Learning Assessment: Portfolio Development",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines and applies college-level learning gained from life experiences that align with specific courses offered by the college and are related to their educational goals. Students will document experiential learning through the assembling of various components into a portfolio, demonstrating an understanding of the portfolio development process of collecting, selecting, reflecting, and projecting. The Prior Learning Assessment (PLA) portfolio development course provides a series of structured activities and strategic approaches for students to prepare petitions to submit portfolios for credit from prior learning.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/plac/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/plac-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/plac-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000059",
    "code": "POLC 106",
    "title": "Police - Community Relations",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 106) An overview of law enforcement community relations and community policing concepts. Will review officer-citizen contacts, problem solving, crime prevention, cultural diversity, sexual harassment, and Americans with Disabilities Act. Review the prohibitions against racial, religious, and ethnic violence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/polc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-106",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-106.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000059",
    "code": "POLC 112",
    "title": "Criminalistics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Laboratory class develops skills in the identification, collection, preservation and presentation of physical evidence. Introduces police photography, including use of the camera, negative and print processing and photo preparation of courtroom presentation.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/polc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-112",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000059",
    "code": "POLC 221",
    "title": "Police Defense Tactics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 221) An overview of law enforcement use of force and defensive tactic concepts. Will review unarmed defense, pressure points, controlled force and impact weapon usage.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/polc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-221",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000059",
    "code": "POLC 222",
    "title": "Police Arsenal and Procedures",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 222) An overview of law enforcement use of force and firearms concepts. Review deadly force, police and usage, mental preparation, shooting fundamentals, safe weapons handling and firearms qualifications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/polc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-222",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-222.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000059",
    "code": "POLC 223",
    "title": "Emergency Vehicle Operations Course (EVOC)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly CJ 223) Presents the concepts and goals of professional driving, i.e. to reduce motor vehicle collision frequency by improving future law enforcement officer’s attitude and skills. Provides a better understanding of the capabilities and limitations of an emergency police vehicle while enhancing student's knowledge and abilities as it relates to safe operation of the vehicle.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/polc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-223",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/polc-223.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000060",
    "code": "POSC 104",
    "title": "American Government",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PI 104) Covers basic principles of the national government: structures, powers and operations of the Congress, the Presidency, and the Judiciary; citizenship; elections; political parties; and interest groups.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000153"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/posc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-104",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-104.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000060",
    "code": "POSC 206",
    "title": "Civil Liberties",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PI 206) Provides historical background, social and political issues and leading cases establishing the present rules regarding civil liberties today.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/posc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-206",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-206.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000060",
    "code": "POSC 220",
    "title": "Comparative Politics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the comparative study of politics in both more developed countries (MDCs) and less developed countries (LDCs). Includes topics such as political culture, political movements and revolutions, nationalism, social identity, politics, state-building, socioeconomic development, regime types, and political institutions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000150"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/posc/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-220",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/posc-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 101",
    "title": "General Psychology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 101) Emphasizes the major factors that influence human behavior, including behavioral neuroscience, perceptual processes, consciousness, intelligence, personality and psychological disorders.",
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      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000107",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000117",
      "frederick-000122",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000146",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000152",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000154",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 104",
    "title": "Issues of Drug/Alcohol Use",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 104) Presents a comprehensive study of the use of legal and illegal drugs; an analysis of the addictive and recovery process for individuals and families; a study of treatment modalities and 12-step groups; a study of the physiological and legal consequences of substance use and abuse.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000124"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 201",
    "title": "Developmental Psychology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores central concepts related to human development throughout the life span from a chronological perspective. Discussion will focus on physical, socioemotional, and cognitive development during the various stages of life, from prenatal development through death. The course considers the interactional relationship between individuals and their environments. Major theoretical approaches to developmental psychology will expose the student to current thinking regarding both typical and atypical human growth outcomes. The course will also focus on class and current research in developmental psychology, including discussion of research methods utilized by developmentalists.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157"
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    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 202",
    "title": "Social Psychology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 202) Explores the effects of the social environment upon the human organism through the study of interpersonal relationships, and the social influences on cognitive processes such as social perception, attribution, persuasion, prejudice and discrimination, aggression, prosocial behavior and group interaction.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000159",
      "frederick-000161"
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    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 204",
    "title": "Psychology of Adolescence",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 204) Explores physiological, psychological and social dilemmas of the adolescent. Considers relevant contemporary research and behavioral determinants.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000112",
      "frederick-000154",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157"
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    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 205",
    "title": "Psychology of Aging",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 205) Introduces the normal physiological, psychological and sociological changes that occur during the life span. Emphasis on consequent behavior patterns and changing needs of the elderly. Includes study of adaptive processes, intervention techniques, strategies and availability of services.",
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      "frederick-000157"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 206",
    "title": "Abnormal Psychology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 206) Explores the nature, etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and possible prevention of the major classifications of psychological disorders including anxiety, mood, eating, substance-related, schizophrenic, dissociative, personality and childhood disorders.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000075",
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      "frederick-000157"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000061",
    "code": "PSYC 207",
    "title": "Death and Dying",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly PS 207) Introduces the origins and development of death attitudes and behavior. Topics include euthanasia; suicide; grief and mourning processes; the funeral system; legal rights; and coping strategies. Emphasis on death as a normal developmental event.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000148",
      "frederick-000157"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Physical Therapist Assistant",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The student will develop a working knowledge of physical therapy and the role of the physical therapist assistant when working under the direction and supervision of the physical therapist. Course content includes ethics, legal issues, communication, cultural differences, interprofessional relationships, physical therapy documentation, and responsibility for professional development. Students are educated on the components of patient confidentiality and utilizing the SBAR model to relay information.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 105",
    "title": "Basic Patient Care Skills",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Evidence based practice is also introduced within this course. Students are tested on their competence in performing bed mobility, transfer, wheelchair mobility, taking vital signs, performing PROM, gait training with an assistive device, and proper positioning.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 110",
    "title": "Kinesiology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces biomechanics and physics as related to human movement and physical therapy. Students with palpate muscles, will learn attachment sites, action, and innervation for all major muscles. Content on assessing joint motion and muscle strength is also included.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 113",
    "title": "Physical Agents",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares students for safe and effective application of therapeutic massage and physical modalities; including thermal agents, cryotherapy, compression, spinal traction, hydrotherapy, and electrical stimulation.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 120",
    "title": "Pathology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines common disease processes and clinical disorders that can exist in body systems. Pathology, etiology, diagnosis, signs, symptoms, prognosis, treatment, and implications for physical therapy are included. Students learn to review health records, lab values, and diagnostic tests in order to determine appropriate PT interventions.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 125",
    "title": "Therapeutic Exercise",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Describes the physiological effects of therapeutic exercise human body and related physical therapy treatment interventions utilized to improve strength, balance, proprioception, flexibility, and aerobic fitness. Additional course content includes the gait cycle, gait deviations, and patient education.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 180",
    "title": "Clinical Experience I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Gain clinical experience and apply academic knowledge and skills to patient care during a full time, 4-week interval. Emphasis will be placed on safely providing care for routine patients by performing patient care skills, observation, measurement, and professional interaction under the supervision and guidance of a physical therapist. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate safe and effective clinical practice as measured by a standardized performance evaluation.",
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      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 200",
    "title": "Physical Therapy Ethics and Administration",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores content on ethical decision making, service learning, quality assurance, professional advocacy, healthcare reimbursement, and interprofessional communication.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 205",
    "title": "Advanced Patient Care Skills",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigates theory, assessment, and treatment of advanced physical therapy interventions for postural drainage, rehabilitation for amputations, cardiac rehabilitation, and work hardening. Specific interventions for posture, ergonomic education, vestibular intervention, pain neuroscience education, and women’s health will also be explored.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 210",
    "title": "Neurorehabilitation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to physical therapy assessment techniques and treatment interventions for patients with neurological and pediatric disorders. This course includes information regarding common gait deviations seen with neurological deficits in both adult and pediatric populations. Students are educated on common PT treatments with CVA, TBI, and SCI and emergencies that may be seen with neurological diagnoses. Students complete competencies in transfers and bed mobility related to this population, NDT techniques, and PNF interventions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 220",
    "title": "Orthopedics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an overview of musculoskeletal tissue healing, physical therapy treatment for orthopedic disorders, manual therapy, and spinal stabilization.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 230",
    "title": "Professional Seminar",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares students to transition into an entry-level position as a physical therapist assistant through content on professionalism, resume design, job interviews, leadership, and professional issues. Within this course students will also take a simulated licensure exam and design a case study on a patient treated during their final clinical experiences.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 235",
    "title": "Clinical Experience II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Gain clinical experience and apply academic knowledge and skills to patient care during a full time, 5-week interval. Emphasis will be placed on safely providing care for routine patients by performing patient care skills, observation, measurement, and professional interaction under the supervision and guidance of a physical therapist. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate safe and effective clinical practice as measured by a standardized performance evaluation.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000146"
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000062",
    "code": "PTHA 240",
    "title": "Clinical Experience III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Gain clinical experience and apply academic knowledge and skills to patient care during a full time, 7-week interval. Emphasis will be placed on safely providing care for routine patients by performing patient care skills, observation, measurement, and professional interaction under the supervision and guidance of a physical therapist. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate safe and effective clinical practice at the capability of an entry level PTA as measured by a standardized performance evaluation.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000146"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 100",
    "title": "Introduction to Respiratory Care",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 100) Introduces respiratory care as a profession, including the healthcare environment and the respiratory care practitioner's role on the healthcare team. Specific topics include the holistic concept of patient care, psychosocial issues with particular attention to death and dying, medicolegal and ethical considerations of respiratory care, and professional interpersonal relationships. Topics also include medical terminology, infection control techniques, and physical assessment methods.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 101",
    "title": "Gas Exchange Physiology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 104) Focuses on the structure and function of the lung as related to gas exchange, diffusion, perfusion and ventilation-perfusion relationships. Emphasizes oxygen and carbon dioxide transport abnormalities in the gas exchange mechanisms. This will lead to and be integrated with clinical applications and interpretations of arterial blood-gas analysis.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 102",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Respiratory Care",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 102) Introduces basic respiratory care modalities, including medical gas therapy, aerosol and humidity therapy, hyperinflation therapy, and bronchial hygiene therapy. Laboratory portion of the course provides practical experience performing procedures presented in the didactic portion of the course in a controlled laboratory setting.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 103",
    "title": "Pharmacology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 103) Introduces the various classifications of drugs, including drug action and effects, site of activity, recommended dosages and toxicity. Emphasis on anesthetics, bronchodilators, mucokinetics, cardiovascular agents and drugs affecting the nervous system as they apply to respiratory therapy.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 105",
    "title": "Cardiopulmonary and Renal Anatomy and Physiology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 105) Emphasizes the structure and function of the pulmonary, cardiovascular and renal systems as they relate to respiratory care.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 107",
    "title": "Principles of Mechanical Ventilation",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 107) Explores general principles of gas physics, principles of airway management, intubation and the theory and operation of mechanical ventilators. Includes special problems associated with both short-term and long-term care of patients requiring artificial ventilation. Integrates arterial blood gas studies with course topics. The laboratory portion of the course takes the principles and procedures presented in lecture and applies them via procedure competency testing and simulated clinical situations.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 109",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 109) Introduces the hospital environment and patient care, including patients charts and record-keeping. Includes practical experience in using basic respiratory therapy equipment and applying it to patient care. Students perform basic respiratory therapy modalities such as oxygen therapy, aerosol therapy, IPPB, incentive spirometry and chest physiotherapy and postural drainage.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "code": "RESP 110",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 110) Teaches proficiency in administering basic respiratory care procedures and handling every aspect of general care. Introduces the intensive care environment and the theory and practical use of mechanical ventilators. Includes practical experience in obtaining arterial blood gases.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 200",
    "title": "Pulmonary Diagnostics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 206) Includes a detailed analysis of all major parameters of ventilatory measurement as well as diagnostic significance of deviations from predicted normal values.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 201",
    "title": "Cardiac Monitoring and Diagnostics",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 204) Presents the theory, equipment, and techniques involved in cardiac monitoring. Recognition of normal values and normal waveforms will be emphasized as a reference for identifying abnormal and life threatening changes. Students must satisfactorily complete competency tests, including EKG monitoring and assembly of fluid filled monitoring systems.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 202",
    "title": "Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 202) Provides an in-depth perspective of pediatric and neonatal respiratory care. Includes high-risk deliveries, abnormalities and diseases, and the interventions used. Discusses mechanical ventilation for the neonatal and pediatric patient. Students must satisfactorily complete competency tests on the operation of neonatal and pediatric ventilators.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 203",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 208) Develops advanced skills in the critical care environment regarding management of the patient dependent upon mechanical ventilation. Practical experiences gained in hemodynamic monitoring.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 204",
    "title": "Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Home Care",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 203) Reviews all of the assessment skills, equipment, and interventions presented throughout the program, and applies them to the care of patients in alternative settings. Focus is on teaching patients to live with their diseases. A capstone course for the respiratory care program.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000152"
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    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 205",
    "title": "Professional Seminar",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 205) Prepares students for entry into clinical practice. Emphasizes preparation for the entry level and registry examinations given by the National Board for Respiratory Care. Provides familiarization with the prospective test matrices and uses both text and computer review materials. Reviews and discusses assigned current readings from various journals related to respiratory therapy.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 207",
    "title": "Cardiopulmonary and Renal Pathophysiology Review",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 207) Examines the effects of various diseases upon the cardiopulmonary and renal systems. Discusses both acute and long-term aspects of ventilatory-circulatory impairment. Emphasis on diseases that cause insult to the respiratory system.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000063",
    "code": "RESP 209",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum IV",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly RC 209) Provides clinical experience in the pediatric/neonatal environment as well as advanced adult critical care. Students rotate through neonatal and pediatric intensive care units and gain practical experience with mechanical ventilator management and various therapeutic techniques for this patient population. Students also rotate through various adult critical care areas.",
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      "frederick-000152"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000064",
    "code": "RUSS 101",
    "title": "Introductory Russian I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LR 101) Introduces the fundamentals of the Russian written and spoken language. Develops oral and reading skills in the language and competence in answering basic questions. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into Russian culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/russ/",
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    "id": "frederick-000064",
    "code": "RUSS 102",
    "title": "Introductory Russian II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LR 102) Continues to build upon the structures learned in RUSS 101 . Students will improve fluency as they learn new grammar and vocabulary. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into Russian culture, thought, and expression.",
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    "id": "frederick-000064",
    "code": "RUSS 201",
    "title": "Intermediate Russian I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LR 201) Presents advanced grammar and composition within selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. Group discussions in Russian and increased emphasis on reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
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    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Sociology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 101) Introduces the student to the study of society and the impact of society upon the individual. Exemplifies social processes in cultural patterns and institutions. Examines group values at various levels of human relationship.",
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      "frederick-000075",
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      "frederick-000089",
      "frederick-000103",
      "frederick-000109",
      "frederick-000110",
      "frederick-000124",
      "frederick-000125",
      "frederick-000140",
      "frederick-000143",
      "frederick-000149",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000159",
      "frederick-000180"
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    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 102",
    "title": "Social Problems",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 102) Offers the study of community problems and sociological processes involved in the analysis of universal and local sociological phenomena.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000156",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000159"
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    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 103",
    "title": "Introduction to Global Studies",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the interdisciplinary field of Global Studies by analyzing past and present transnational economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental challenges. Explores how these intersecting global challenges contribute to bringing people and societies into collaboration and togetherness as well as into contradiction and conflicts.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000159"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/socy/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 201",
    "title": "Criminology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 201) Explores criminal behavior and the methods of its study, causation, types of criminal acts and offenders, punishment, correction and incarceration and prevention of crime.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000147",
      "frederick-000150",
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000159"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 202",
    "title": "Families and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 202) Presents a comparative analysis of family organization in different societies, with reference to the urban family of Western society. Explores basic causes of change and trends in family structure and function. Topics include mate selections, marriage vows, marital prediction and child-rearing practices.",
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      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000159"
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    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 204",
    "title": "The Sociology of Globalization",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the process of globalization and its consequences on the lives of people at the local, national, and international levels. Students will develop a critical sociological understanding of the economic, social, cultural, technological, and political aspects of globalization. This course explores how politics, power structures, cultural expectations, and agency influence the way we define and explain globalization.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000159"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 207",
    "title": "Sexuality and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 207) Introduces sexuality as a political, cultural and social issue. Examines how societies influence the development of sexual scripts, what is considered 'normal' and 'abnormal', 'moral' and 'immoral, and explores how these beliefs influence social responses to current social problems related to sexuality.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000159"
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    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 210",
    "title": "Ethnic Diversity",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 210) A survey of the status and treatment of ethnic groups in the United States; patterns of dominant and subordinate relations, prejudice and discrimination; historical and current problems, demographic and social background, political and social policies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000159"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000065",
    "code": "SOCY 212",
    "title": "Gender and Society",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly SO 212) Introduces the scientific study of women as a multicultural group. Reviews material from the fields of psychology, sociology, anthropology, and medicine as it related to women. Particular effort will be made to address the experiences of women of varied races, ethnic groups, classes, national origins, and sexual orientations so that the whole concept of gender may be broadened to take these different experiences and different concerns into account.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000153",
      "frederick-000157",
      "frederick-000159"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 101",
    "title": "Introductory Spanish I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the fundamentals of Spanish grammar and vocabulary. Develops oral and reading skills in the language and competence in answering basic questions. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into Spanish culture, thought, and expression.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-101",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/span-101.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 102",
    "title": "Introductory Spanish II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to build upon the structures learned in SPAN 101 . Students will improve fluency as they learn new grammar and vocabulary. Through the reading of lifelike dialogues, students gain insight into Spanish culture, thought, and expression.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-102",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/span-102.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 200",
    "title": "Spanish for Heritage and Fluent Speakers",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Designed for Spanish-speaking students who have had informal or formal exposure to the language throughout their lives, and for students who have reached an intermediate to advanced oral proficiency. Explores Hispanic cultural heritage in the United States.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-200",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/span-200.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 201",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. Group discussions in Spanish and increased emphasis on reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-201",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/span-201.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 202",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continues to build upon structures learned in SPAN 201 . Presents advanced grammar and composition with selected readings pertinent to the intermediate level. Group discussions in Spanish and increased emphasis on reading, writing, and intercultural competence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-202",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/span-202.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000066",
    "code": "SPAN 211",
    "title": "Spanish Conversation I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly LS 211) Develops oral fluency and language skills through interpretation and discussion of select readings, videos, songs and cultural experiences.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/span/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/span-211",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 120",
    "title": "Surgery Essentials",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ST 120) Provides an introduction to the surgical environment and the essential skills required of a surgical technologist. Emphasizes the fundamental concepts of sterile technique, critical thinking, and professionalism. Application and demonstration of essential surgical technology skills and concepts are required to advance in the program.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-120",
    "markdown_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-120.md"
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 125",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Surgical Technology I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ST 100) Develops concepts, skills, and attitudes required by students to perform as members of a surgical team. Simulated practice time in the on-campus lab and didactic instruction prepare the student for the clinical practicum component of this course. Evidence of competence is essential in sterile technique and basic skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-125",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 130",
    "title": "Introduction to Surgical Technology",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ST 101) Provides an overview of the functions of the surgical technologist in the perioperative environment. Integrates the fundamental principles and protocols of microbiology, sterile technique, pharmacology, medication calculations, anesthesia, ethical and legal considerations, mindfulness, cultural competence and inclusion, patient care concepts, all-hazards preparation, and teamwork.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-130",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 135",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Surgical Technology II",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly ST 105) Develops fundamental surgical technology principles, practices, and protocols. Proficiency to be demonstrated in sterile and nonsterile roles during the perioperative phases of invasive diagnostic and surgical procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-135",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 200",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Surgical Technology III",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides theory and practice related to the dynamic role of the surgical technologist in the perioperative setting. Integrates professional communication, advancement in skill level, and critical thinking with participation in complex surgical procedures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-200",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000067",
    "code": "SURG 205",
    "title": "Theory, Practice, and Professionalism for the Surgical Technologist",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides the student with theory and practice related to the dynamic role of the surgical technologist in classroom, laboratory, and clinical settings. Precepted clinical experiences focus on participation during complex surgical procedures, advancement of skill level, and critical thinking. This course focuses on preparation for NBSTSA certification exam including practice certification exams and skill-building for professionalism in the workforce.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000180"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/surg/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/surg-205",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 100",
    "title": "Introduction to Theatre",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces the history of drama and the theatre through reading, viewing and discussing plays.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000087"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/thea-100",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 107",
    "title": "Improvisation I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly THR 107) Provides students with a basic overview of modern improvisation techniques. Emphasis will be placed on techniques used to build confidence, creativity, critical thinking, and learn team building skills. Course offers an introduction of improvisation as a tool for professional auditions and performances.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/thea-107",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 108",
    "title": "Theatre Ensemble I",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly THR 108) Explores performance, design, direction, and technical aspects of theatre as students work together to build theatre from the common interest of the class group. The course begins with an overview of the history of devised theatre and examines the socio-cultural-political context for developing approaches to the process of devising and performing genres.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/thea-108",
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  },
  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 110",
    "title": "Musical Theatre Dance Styles",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores Musical Theatre dance history, technique, and terminology including jazz, ballet, and tap. Through observation, practice, and demonstration, students will choreograph and stage musical theatre dance pieces.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/thea-110",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 112",
    "title": "Introduction to Acting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offers a basic study of acting, through both a historical perspective and in-depth exercises. Students cannot receive credit for both THEA 102 and THEA 112 .",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000083",
      "frederick-000087"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 121",
    "title": "Stagecraft",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly THR 121) Explores all technical aspects of play production, with emphasis on set construction, scene painting, properties and stage lighting. Provides laboratory experience in conjunction with campus theater productions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "frederick-000087"
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    "source_url": "https://frederick-public.courseleaf.com/credit-course-descriptions/thea/",
    "canonical_url": "/frederick/courses/thea-121",
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  {
    "id": "frederick-000068",
    "code": "THEA 202",
    "title": "Advanced Acting",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(formerly THR 206) Explores an intermediate study of acting, through both an historical perspective and in-depth exercises. Students explore scene-work through modern American texts.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
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