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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 501",
    "title": "Chemical Dependency Counseling I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course will provide an overall introduction to addiction counseling. The class will also provide an introduction to the assessment and treatment of alcoholism and other chemical dependencies, with emphasis on the application of specific clinical strategies to this specialized problem area. Since substance abuse may underlie or coexist with a variety of other problems, including family violence, mental illness, health issues, etc., the mental health professional trained in the assessment and treatment of chemical dependency will be better able to assess and intervene appropriately.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 502",
    "title": "Psychopharmacology and Addictions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course examines medications that are commonly prescribed for psychiatric disabilities; descriptions of medication effects, interaction, and side effects.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 503",
    "title": "Assessment, Treatment, Planning, and Ethics of Addiction Counseling I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course is designed to examine the psychological, behavioral, sociological, and cultural underpinnings in the assessment and treatment of clients affected by addictions. The course explores a variety of helping strategies for reducing the negative effects of substance use, abuse, dependence, and addictive disorders (CACREP, Section III, C.5.). Ethical issues related to the field of Addictions Counseling will also be explored. Department of Health Human Development.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-503",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-503.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 504",
    "title": "Alcohol and Drug Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, SCNS-MED, and HLTH-MS majors only. This course is designed to offer in-depth exploration of alcohol and drug studies. Students will integrate overview information with cutting edge research within the field of addictions as it pertains to a particular population or topic specific to addiction counseling.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-504.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 505",
    "title": "Cross Cultural & Ethical Considerations in Addictions Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, SCNS-MED, and HLTH-MS majors only. This course is designed to examine cultural and ethical constructs related to addictions counseling. The focus will be on current literature, theories, approaches, strategies, and techniques shown to be effective when working with populations of clients with addictions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-505",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-505.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 506",
    "title": "Group Counseling in Addictions Settings: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, SCNS-MED, and HLTH-MS majors only. This course provides students with the foundational concepts of group counseling within addiction settings. Topics will include group development, group roles, leadership roles/interventions, group planning/development, multicultural issues, and ethical issues relating to group counseling within addictions settings.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-506",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-506.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 507",
    "title": "Systems and Settings in Addictions Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, SCNS-MED, and HLTH-MS majors only. This course fulfills the Treatment Planning and Documentation requirement for licensure as an Addictions Counselor in Montana. You will learn about systemic perspectives in addiction counseling, roles and duties of addictions counselors, addiction counseling licensure/certification, careers in addiction counseling, and clinical documentation in various addictions settings.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-507",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-507.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 508",
    "title": "Counseling Theories in Addiction Settings: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course examines multiple counseling theories and their application in the addictions setting. Development across the lifespan and theoretical approaches specific to addiction will also be examined.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-508",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-508.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 509",
    "title": "Assess Treat Plan Addiction II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course covers addiction assessment and patient placement, including the American Society of Addiction Medicine Patient Placement Criteria. The course explores a variety of helping strategies for reducing the negative effects of substance use, abuse, dependence, and addictive disorders. Department of Health Human Development.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-509",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-509.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 510",
    "title": "Chem Dependency Counseling II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) ACCO-CERT, CNSL-MS, and SCNS-MED majors only. This course provides instruction on chemical dependency counseling, emphasizing specific clinical strategies. Substance abuse may coexist with other problems, professionals trained in comprehensive understanding of addiction will be better able to assess, intervene and counsel clients.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-510",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-510.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000001",
    "code": "AC 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ac/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ac-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 104",
    "title": "Beginning Bowling: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Bowling fundamentals will be stressed along with bowling etiquette and equipment. Fee required. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-104",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-104.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 110",
    "title": "Beginning Weight Training: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Learn proper weight lifting techniques, how to create a personalized weight training program, and the basics of anatomy/physiology as they relate to weight lifting. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-110",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 114",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Rock Climbings: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course is a basic introduction to the fundamentals of rock climbing through skill sessions, demonstrations, and practical experience. Emphasis will be placed on skill development, health and fitness climbing, and safety in the sport of climbing. Mandatory attendance at all classroom and field sessions required to pass the course Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-114",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-114.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 115",
    "title": "Soccer: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Learn rules and regulations of soccer, basic skills of dribbling, passing, shooting, and play small-sided and full II versus II games. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-115",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-115.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 116",
    "title": "Wallyball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduces wallyball skills, techniques, strategies, rules and scoring. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-116",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-116.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 120",
    "title": "Beginning Alpine Skiing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Instruction at the beginner level, skiing novice runs. Acquire knowledge and skills regarding equipment, proper stance, balance, stopping, turning, chairlift loading and unloading. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-120",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-120.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 121",
    "title": "Beginning Snowboarding: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Instruction at the beginner level, snowboarding novice runs. Acquire knowledge and skills regarding equipment, proper stance, balance, stopping, turning, chairlift loading and unloading. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-121",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-121.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 122",
    "title": "Skiing: Telemarking: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Instruction at all levels of skill from beginner to advanced. Fee required. Transportation, tickets, and equipment not included Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-122",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 123",
    "title": "Bouldering: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides space for students to learn how to boulder. We will cover the fundamentals of movement on rock and how to mitigate injury through decision-making and “spotting” peers. Mandatory attendance at all classroom and field sessions is required. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-123",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-123.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 129",
    "title": "Circuit Training: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Learn different modes of fitness utilizing a timed sequence of exercises. This includes instruction on weight training and aerobic training. Students will gain knowledge on how to improve muscular strength, body composition, and cardiovascular endurance. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-129",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-129.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 140",
    "title": "Beginning Basketball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) In this beginning course, one will learn the rules, skills, different types of recreational play/games, strategy, and coaching principles of basketball. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-140",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-140.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 150",
    "title": "Beginning Yoga: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This class is designed for the beginning yoga student. Students will learn to demonstrate basic knowledge of yoga postures and philosophy, identify basic anatomy and principles of alignment and identify the values of mind-body fitness toward a healthy lifestyle. Pass/Fail. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-150",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-150.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 151",
    "title": "Beginning Billiards: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Pocket billiard fundamentals, most popular games, and appropriate rules will be stressed. Fee required. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-151",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-151.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 156",
    "title": "Beginning Aikido: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Cover beginning level Aikido techniques, principles, theory and history. Learning all aspects of modern Aikido practice from standard techniques and receiving practice to the history and theory of the martial art. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-156",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-156.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 158",
    "title": "Beginning Taekwondo: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To teach basic Taekwondo skills including kicking, punching, footwork, training routines, and philosophy. The curriculum fulfills requirements by the World Taekwondo Federation for the rank of 7th gup yellow belt. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-158",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-158.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 160",
    "title": "Avalanche 1 Training: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This Avalanche Level 1 course is for skiers or snowboarders who wants to recreate in or near avalanche terrain. The focus is an introduction to avalanche terrain and decision making. Successful students will receive a certificate of training through the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education (AIARE). All classroom and field sessions are mandatory to attend. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-160",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-160.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 161",
    "title": "Wilderness Survival: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course provides basic wilderness living techniques, knowledge and skills needed for a student to be ethical, efficient and have the ability to survive in the outdoors. Special emphasis is placed on building shelters, water purification, navigation, awareness, fire, self-sufficiency and caring for groups in the wilderness. Mandatory attendance at all classroom and field sessions in order to pass the course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-161",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-161.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 163",
    "title": "Race Training 5/10 K: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Learn about running mechanics, modes of training, and achieve that goal a 5K or 10K! Pass/Fail. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-163",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-163.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 165",
    "title": "Power Cycling: Indoors: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This is a course designed to introduce proper form and safe cycling techniques. Participants will retain knowledge on basic bike fit principles and biking drills. Pass/Fail. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-165",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-165.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 167",
    "title": "Mountain Biking: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will introduce students to the sport of mountain biking and provide students with the skills and knowledge to effectively maneuver over varied off-trail terrain successfully. Students will learn through direct experience, discussion, demonstration, and reflection. Topics will include riding position, shifting, braking, where to look, trail etiquette, and basic bike maintenance. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-167",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-167.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 169",
    "title": "Beginning Tennis: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students will learn the rules of tennis and how to play singles and doubles. The instructor will teach the basic tennis strokes including forehand, backhand, overhead, volley, and the serve. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-169",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-169.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 170",
    "title": "Beginning Swimming: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This class designed for the non-swimmer or weak swimmer. Students will learn to develop the skills, breathing, body awareness to learn how to swim, feel safe and comfortable in and around water. Must be able to swim 100 yards without stopping. Swim assessment on first day. Pass/Fail. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-170",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-170.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 173",
    "title": "Beg Fly Fishing/Fly Tying: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Basic skills and knowledge of fly fishing including; casting, entomology, habitat, stream ethics, tackle, tactics, and strategy. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-173",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-173.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 174",
    "title": "Introduction to Backpacking: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students will learn the fundamentals of multi-day wilderness travel and low impact camping techniques in a backcountry setting. Students will spend a weekend in a surrounding Bozeman Wilderness Area. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-174",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-174.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 175",
    "title": "Orienteering: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course teaches basic land navigation skills using traditional map-and-compass techniques as well as an introduction to electronic navigation tools. Topics discussed include an introduction to navigation tools, finding, plotting, and following a bearing, triangulation, and route-finding, including navigation during limited visibility. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-175",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-175.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 176",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Whitewater Rafting: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Whitewater rafting is potentially hazardous and each student is responsible for making certain he or she has adequate swimming ability and comfort with moving water to participate in the field based portion of the class. Ability to attend all classroom and field sessions. Introduction to Whitewater Rafting by spending time on the river the students are immersed in the learning environment. Students will be introduced to the basic components of this activity including: Equipment, hydrology & feature terminology, river safety & scenarios and rescue techniques. Mandatory attendance at all classroom and field sessions Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-176",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-176.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 177",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Kayaking: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the fundamentals of Whitewater Kayaking. Including the components of kayaks, basic strokes, rescue and eskimo roll. Introduction to kayaking on moving water and boating safety will be emphasized. On-River field component included. Mandatory attendance at all classroom and field sessions Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-177",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-177.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 180",
    "title": "Beginning Volleyball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This class is designed for beginning to intermediate skill levels. Students will develop the skills, rules and terminology necessary to play recreational volleyball and to appreciate this lifetimes sport. Students will learn the rules for 6v6, 3v3 and beach variations. Students will also learn how to set, pass, spike, dig, block, and rotate. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-180",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-180.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Special Activity classes offered as needed using the unique skills of the instructional faculty in any given semester. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-191",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-191.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 201",
    "title": "Power Cycling II: Advanced: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced indoor cycling instruction: progressive training techniques and intensities, exercises necessary to improve cycling form, transition from indoor training to outdoor riding, and develop cycling workouts and class structure. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-201",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 202",
    "title": "Intermediate Racquetball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provide the student with intermediate level skills and knowledge in techniques, safety, strategy, and strokes of racquetball Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-202",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 203",
    "title": "Flag Football: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Covers skills, rules and strategies. Emphasizes individual and team offensive, defensive and kicking techniques as well as concepts of team organization and play. Game play will help reinforce course content. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-203",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-203.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 208",
    "title": "Racquet Sports: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) To learn skills, strategy, and rules of pickleball badminton.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-208",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-208.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 209",
    "title": "Intermediate Volleyball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students will learn advanced offenses, team concepts, combination drills, and a variety of playing styles Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-209",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-209.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 210",
    "title": "Intermediate Weight Training: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is designed to help students identify and understand the benefits of weight training, how weight training affects the body, and learn intermediate level training routines for complete muscular development Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-210",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-210.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 214",
    "title": "Intermediate Rock Climbing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Students should have either taken an Introduction to Belaying class with the MSU Outdoor Recreation Program, at Recreational Sports & Fitness or have taken a belay class at another climbing gym by the time of the course, or have equivalent experience. This course provides space for students to learn sport climbing technical skills. We will cover lead climbing, lead belaying, and building sport anchors. All classroom and field outings are mandatory in order to pass this course Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-214",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-214.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 215",
    "title": "Climbing Wall Instructor: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course provides prospective instructors with an in-depth, uniform understanding of the abilities critical to facilitating and teaching climbing in a climbing wall environment. The course underscores the presentation of comprehensive component skills to climbing participants, the development of risk assessment and risk management expertise, basic problem-solving abilities such as belay transitions, and on-the-wall coaching techniques Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-215",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 218",
    "title": "Ultimate Disc: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course is both an introduction to the fundamental skills and strategies of organized Ultimate Disc and a course designed to further develop individual skills for the beginning to intermediate player. Ultimate Disc requires development of the following individual skills: throwing/passing/catching, running/cutting and marking. In addition, students will gain an understanding of elementary team and personal strategies in offense and defense. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-218",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-218.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 220",
    "title": "Intermediate Alpine Skiing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Instruction at the intermediate level, skiing intermediate and easy advanced runs, develop parallel turning skills, learn bump and powder skiing Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-220",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 221",
    "title": "Intermediate Snowboarding: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Instruction at intermediate level, develop efficient riding skills, carving turns, parallel turns on intermediate and easy advanced runs. Introduction to Park Smart and un-groomed terrain Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-221",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-221.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 222",
    "title": "Backcountry Ski Fundamentals: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "1 Lab) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of backcountry skiing, including efficient uphill and downhill travel techniques, group travel and decision-making skills, and wilderness ethics. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-222",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-222.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 224",
    "title": "Skiing, Cross Country: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will prepare students to participate in all aspects of recreational cross-country skiing, including skate and classic skiing on groomed terrain as well as classic skiing in ungroomed/backcountry terrain. Course fee includes all equipment, trail passes, and instruction. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-224",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-224.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 230",
    "title": "Intermediate Yoga: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) One will learn intermediate yoga principles and postures and will be educated in the core aspects of yoga philosophy Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-230",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 232",
    "title": "Argentine Tango: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Learn the fundamentals of the movement art of Argentine Tango dancing, techniques, philosophies, connection and improvisational expression to experience the true nature and beauty of this social dance. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-232",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-232.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 234",
    "title": "Yoga Meditation: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will introduce the concept of Mindfulness combined with deep relaxation. Throughout the course, one will learn different meditation practices and theories and be able to develop a personal at-home practice. This course will provide tools and help aid in stress reduction, anxiety and to increase relaxation, focus and resiliency. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-234",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-234.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 238",
    "title": "Swiftwater Rescue: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course utilizes the professional expertise and curriculum from the Swiftwater Safety Institute, a leader in swiftwater rescue training and promoter of industry safety standards. Course content includes: identifying river hazards, rescue philosophy / liability, self rescue, tethered swimmers / contact rescues, throwbag deployment, boat based / shore based rescues, strainer swimming, shallow water crossings, foot and body entrapment, knots, boat pins, mechanical advantage and technical rope systems, quick, smooth, effective rescue technique. Upon completion of the course students will be certified in Swiftwater Rescue Training for three years through the Swiftwater Safety Institute. Instruction requires three full days of. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-238",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-238.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 240",
    "title": "Intermediate Basketball: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will teach intermediate basketball skills: skill development, rules, terminology, and specific strategies for basketball Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACT 140"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-240",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-240.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 241",
    "title": "Introduction to Paddlesports: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce students to a variety of different watercraft and provide students with the skills and knowledge to effectively paddle and maneuver a variety of watercraft successfully. Students will learn through direct experience, discussion, demonstration, and reflection. Outings will include travel on both flatwater lakes and moving water rivers. Watercraft will include canoes, stand up paddleboards, and kayaks. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-241",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-241.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 242",
    "title": "Introduction to Ice Climbing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of ice climbing, including efficient ice climbing techniques, belaying techniques, cold weather layering, and wilderness ethics. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-242",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-242.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 243",
    "title": "Avalanche 2 Training: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The Avalanche 2 course provides backcountry travelers an opportunity to advance their decision-making skills in more complicated situations such as being a leader within a small travel group, traveling in more complicated terrain, and/or developing a travel plan where online resources are scarce. The Level 2 course builds on the introductory avalanche hazard management model introduced in the Level 1 course and adds to it the evaluation of critical hazard assessment factors. Students will describe and discuss weather, snowpack and avalanche processes, and identify how these processes relate to observations and travel within avalanche terrain. Successful students will receive a certificate of training through the American Institute for Avalanche Research and Education (AIARE) Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACT 160"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-243",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-243.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 244",
    "title": "Advanced Rock Climbing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of trad (traditional) climbing technical skills as well as top rope anchor construction. We will cover placing traditional climbing protection, building anchors with traditional protection and natural features, and leading with traditional protection Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACT 214"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-244",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-244.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 245",
    "title": "Introduction to Bike Maintenance: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of maintaining a variety of bicycles. The course will cover inspecting your bike, fixing flat tires, lubing a chain, changing brake pads, cleaning a bike and building a tool kit. Students will leave with the tools and experience to take on the most common bike maintenance issues on their own. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-245",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-245.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 246",
    "title": "Introduction to Mountaineering: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of alpine mountaineering, including efficient snow climbing techniques, safe anchoring, belaying and rappelling techniques, snow camping/living skills, and wilderness ethics. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-246",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-246.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 249",
    "title": "Backcountry Ski Fundamentals: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In this course students will learn the fundamentals of backcountry skiing, including efficient uphill and downhill travel techniques, group travel and decision-making skills, and wilderness ethics. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-249",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-249.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 250",
    "title": "Pilates: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) A Pilates-based mat class combining core alignment, posture, and flexibility exercises to build strength and to improve flexibility, agility, body awareness and posture. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-250",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-250.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 252",
    "title": "Introduction to Contemporary Dance: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to Contemporary Dance explores elements of space, time, energy and their relationship to rhythm. No prior dance experience is necessary. Classes will consist of basic concepts and skills related to classical modern techniques, improvisation, floor work, inversion, and somatic modalities. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-252",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-252.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 253",
    "title": "Intermediate Mountaineering: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To establish a fundamental understanding of movement on glaciated terrain with a focus on safety, environmental exposure concerns and mitigation strategies, hygiene management, and application of Leave No Trace Principles Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACT 246"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-253",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-253.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 256",
    "title": "Intermediate Taekwondo: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Review the basic and teach intermediate Taekwondo skills including kicking, punching, footwork, training routines, and philosophy Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACT 158"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-256",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-256.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 266",
    "title": "Introduction to Bike-Packing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To establish a fundamental understanding of bike-packing with a focus on efficiency, functionality, and risk management, including lessons such as gear considerations, basic bike maintenance, packing for an overnight trip, cooking in the backcountry, route planning and navigation, bear considerations, environmental exposure concerns and mitigation strategies, hygiene management, and application of Leave No Trace Principles. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-266",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-266.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 267",
    "title": "Introduction to Outdoor Gear Repair: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To establish a fundamental understanding of techniques to repair main classes of outdoor gear. Students will learn how to perform both in-field temporary fixes as well as long-term repairs or adjustments. Basic gear design and building will also be covered. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-267",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-267.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 268",
    "title": "Introduction to Ski/Board Repair and Maintenance: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To establish a fundamental understanding of techniques to repair skis and boards. Students will learn how to perform both in-field temporary fixes as well as long-term repairs or adjustments. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-268",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-268.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 270",
    "title": "Intermediate Swimming: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Learn skills to swim laps more efficiently. Refine the basic swim strokes Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-270",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-270.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 272",
    "title": "Advanced Yoga: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) For those with previous yoga experience and ready to establish an advanced practice and deeper comprehension of yoga, including more understanding of anatomy, alignment, challenging postures, Ayurveda, and therapeutics Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-272",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-272.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 273",
    "title": "Single Pitch Instructor Course: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course teaches climbing instructors to proficiently facilitate and instruct the sport of rock climbing in a single pitch setting. Those seeking certification may go on to take a two day field examination following the course or at any time within three years after successfully completing the course. Certified Single Pitch Instructors are expected to demonstrate the technical and educational proficiencies necessary to instruct a variety of single pitch rock climbing skills in a safe and effective manner to both groups and individuals. While not all students are fully prepared for the certification exam by the end of the course, every participant will have the training to practice and prepare for an exam in the future and will leave the course with many new ideas and skills. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-273",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-273.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 281",
    "title": "Group Fitness Certification: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will engage with and learn how to teach, engage, and support participants in group fitness classes. This course will prepare students with skills and ideas to support passing a national group fitness instruction exam.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-281",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-281.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 282",
    "title": "Personal Trainer Certification: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will learn and practice the skills of being a certified personal trainer. At the end of the course a student can take the test to become a certified personal trainer. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-282",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-282.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 288",
    "title": "Advanced Skiing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced level instruction to refine high level techniques and tactics necessary to ski challenging terrain and all snow conditions. Participation in ridge classes requires a helmet, transceiver and ridge pack Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-288",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-288.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 289",
    "title": "Advanced Snowboarding: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced level instruction to refine high level techniques and tactics necessary to snowboard challenging terrain and all snow conditions. Participation in ridge classes requires a helmet, transceiver and ridge pack Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-289",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-289.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Special Activity classes offered as needed using the unique skills of the instructional faculty in any given semester. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-391",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-391.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000002",
    "code": "ACT 491",
    "title": "Special Topic: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Varies.) Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/act/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/act-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 101",
    "title": "Accounting Procedures I: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This first course in financial accounting covers the complete accounting cycle including creating source documents, journalizing transactions, posting to ledgers, preparing work sheets and basic financial statements. This includes the income statement and balance sheet, end of period closing activities, and special journals for service and merchandising businesses. The accrual basis of accounting will be emphasized though other accounting methods will be addressed.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-101",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 102",
    "title": "Accounting Procedures II: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "For Gallatin College students only. This financial accounting course is a continuation of Accounting Procedures I. Topics include accounts receivable and uncollectible accounts, notes payable and notes receivable, plant assets and depreciation, partnership accounting, corporate organization, capital stock, taxes, dividends and bonds, statements of cash flows, financial statement analysis, and manufacturing accounting",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-102",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 122",
    "title": "Accounting & Business Decision: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "For Gallatin College students only. Introduces the use of accounting information by managers to make operational and financial decisions in a business entity. Topics covered include selecting a financial entity, registering with the tax authorities, applying ethical behavior to professional situations, financial statement analysis, product cost allocation, cost behavior, and budgeting. The planning, organizing, and control functions of management will be consistently addressed throughout the course",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-122",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-122.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 125",
    "title": "QuickBooks: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Using QuickBooks, an accounting system for small-business owners and bookkeepers, students will complete a variety of accounting projects. Topics of this course include creating a company, setting up company lists, editing a preset chart of accounts, entering opening balances, entering sales and invoices, receiving payments and making deposits, handling expenses and bills, working with bank accounts, analyzing financial data, tracking and paying sales tax, managing inventory, and preparing payroll",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-125",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-125.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 180",
    "title": "Payroll Accounting: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will become knowledgeable in the payroll records required to comply with various federal and state laws affecting payroll. The Federal Fair Labor Standards Act and the Montana Wage/Hour laws are studied. Students will develop skills in actual payroll preparation. Activities include computing gross salaries, social security, federal and state income tax deductions, journalizing payroll transactions, posting to ledgers and preparation of federal and state payroll tax returns, and reports.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-180",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-180.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 201",
    "title": "Principles of Financial Accounting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An introduction to the principles of financial accounting for students of all business curricula. Specific topics include key accounting concepts, accounting transaction recording, financial statement preparation, accounting systems overview, business entity structures and financial statement analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 216Q"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192",
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-201",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-201.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 202",
    "title": "Principles of Managerial Accounting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An introduction to the principles of managerial accounting. The majority of the semester will address managerial accounting, the process of providing information to managers for use in planning, control and decision making. Managerial accounting topics include product costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, budgeting, variance analysis, and decision analysis tools. The managerial accounting coverage will be preceded by a brief continuation of study of selected principles of financial accounting",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-202",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-202.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 205",
    "title": "Computerized Accounting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Studies how computers are used in today's accounting environments through the use of an integrated accounting software package. Uses a hands-on approach to complete the accounting cycle for merchandise or service businesses as well as entries for voucher systems, departmentalized accounting, financial statement analysis, depreciation, inventory, and payroll.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-205",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 223",
    "title": "Principles of Financial Accounting II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A continuation of the financial accounting topics introduced in ACTG 201 . The course helps students learn how to prepare and analyze financial statements, and understand the role that accounting plays in business decisions. Additional topics include: stock and bond investments, cash flow reporting, and a study of the conceptual framework and process by which accounting standards are established",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-223",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-223.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-290r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-290r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-292",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-292.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 298",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 223"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-298",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-298.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 321",
    "title": "Acct Information Systems I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) A study of how organizations capture, record, store, protect, analyze, and report accounting information. Topics include business processes, transaction processing, internal controls, data security, systems documentation, information technology, and software applications. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 223",
      "BMIS 211",
      "CAPP 156"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-321",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-321.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 327",
    "title": "Intermediate Financial Accounting and Reporting I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An in-depth study of the theory of financial accounting and reporting and its application to: cash, current and long-term receivables, inventories, plant assets, natural resources, intangible assets, asset impairments, current liabilities, long-term debt, and contingencies. Fair value concepts, present value measurements, and comparisons between US and international accounting standards will be incorporated. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 223"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-327",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-327.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 328",
    "title": "Inter Fin Acct & Reporting II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The theory and practice of financial accounting and reporting. A study of stockholders' equity, dilutive securities, earnings per share, investments, revenue recognition, deferred income taxes, pensions, leases, accounting changes, error analysis, the statement of cash flows and full disclosure in financial accounting. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 327"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-328",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-328.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 401",
    "title": "Federal Income Taxation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Federal income taxes as applied to individuals and their businesses with emphasis on income and expense recognition, individual taxation, property transactions, investments, compensation, retirements, home ownership, tax research and tax return preparation. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 202",
      "ACTG 223"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-401",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-401.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 410",
    "title": "Cost Management Accounting I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Focus on cost accounting concepts, with emphasis on developing and evaluating information that management needs to plan, make key decisions, and monitor business performance. Key topics include cost typology and behavior and how each impacts decision-making process and product costing, cost-volume-profit analysis, flexible budgeting, incremental decision analysis, and performance evaluation. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 327",
      "ACTG 202"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-410",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-410.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 411R",
    "title": "Auditing I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Practice and theory of auditing financial statements. A study of most of the major activities performed during the conduct of a financial statement audit, from client acceptance to issuance of an audit report with a focus on auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 321",
      "ACTG 328"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-411r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-411r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 415",
    "title": "Government & Not for Profit Accounting I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) A study of the accounting principles and financial reporting unique to the governmental and not-for-profit sectors of the U.S. economy. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 328"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-415",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-415.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 421",
    "title": "Data Analytics for Accountants: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Contemporary issues in in data analytics and accounting information systems. Emphasis on the practical application of analytics and information technology to improve business efficiency, and effectiveness, and decision making. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 321"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-421",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-421.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 431",
    "title": "Tax Assistance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Development of knowledge, skills, and organizational methods needed to prepare Federal and State income tax returns. Preparation of income tax returns for low-income clients through the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance Program. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 401"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-431",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-431.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 441",
    "title": "Financial Statement Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Analysis of external financial statements, primarily from the standpoint of investors and creditors. Topics include: revenue recognition methods, cash flow analysis, ratios, inventory analysis, capitalization vs. expensing, depreciation, impairment, multinational operations, intercorporate investments, acquisitions and spin-offs, hedge accounting, and overall financial health and earnings quality of the firm. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 327"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192",
      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-441",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-441.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. For business majors: formal admission to the College of Business. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/actg/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/actg-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000003",
    "code": "ACTG 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
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    "code": "AGED 315",
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    "code": "AGED 397",
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    "code": "AGED 401",
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    "code": "AGED 475",
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    "code": "AGED 482",
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    "code": "AGED 490R",
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    "code": "AGED 491",
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    "code": "AGED 492",
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    "code": "AGED 494",
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    "code": "AGED 498",
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    "code": "AGED 505",
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    "code": "AGED 506",
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    "code": "AGED 507",
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    "code": "AGED 511",
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    "code": "AGED 575",
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    "code": "AGED 588",
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    "code": "AGED 589",
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    "code": "AHMA 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 201",
    "title": "MA Clinical Procedures I: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Performance of CLIA waived laboratory tests. Topics include specimen collection, phlebotomy, specimen processing, record keeping, universal precautions, infection control, and quality control.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 203",
    "title": "MA Clinical Procedures II: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Patient assessment, physical examination and patient treatments including: vital signs, patient education, medical emergencies and assisting the physician in medical specialty examinations and minor surgery. Students will learn the theoretical, technical, and practical aspects of infection control, medical and surgical asepsis and EKG.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 207",
    "title": "Medical Assisting in Healthcare Specialties: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) AHMA 207 will focus on skill development in the ancillary areas of healthcare including ophthalmology, otolaryngology, dermatology, allergy and infectious disease, gastroenterology, orthopedic, rheumatology, neurology, endocrinology, cardiology, pulmonology, urology, male reproduction, obstetrics, and gynecology. Emphasis will be placed on specialty exams and medical assisting duties specific to each specialty .",
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      "AHMA 201"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 209",
    "title": "Patient Care Across the Lifespan: Aging, Disability, and Home Health: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) AHMA 209 covers knowledge and skill development for assisting geriatric patients in long-term facilities, home health, memory care, assisted living, and hospice. Topics include daily care, safety, communication, legal/ethical practices, emergency care, end-of-life care, medical terminology, human structure/function, and chronic conditions/disorders.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 220",
    "title": "Phlebotomy: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The Phlebotomy course will focus on skill development in the performance of a variety of blood collection methods using proper techniques and standard precautions. Topics include vacuum collection devices, syringes, capillary skin puncture, butterfly needles and blood culture, and specimen collection on adults. Collection of specimens from children and infants is discussed. Emphasis will be placed on infection prevention, patient identification, specimen labeling, quality assurance, specimen handling, processing, accessioning, professionalism, ethics, and medical terminology. Students will learn the theory and principles of CLIA-waived laboratory tests and complete at least 40 hours classroom/lab training. Clinical hours will be completed through AHMA221",
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    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 221",
    "title": "Phlebotomy Clinical Training: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course includes clinical practice in specimen collection on adults, children, and infants as well as classroom certiﬁcation exam preparation. Students will develop the skills, knowledge and attitude required for positions in a professional healthcare setting. At a clinical site, students will perform a minimum of 100 venipunctures during 100 non-paid externship hours. Emphasis is placed on infection control and prevention, proper patient identification, labeling of specimens, quality assurance, specimen handling, processing, and accessioning. Upon successful completion of AHMA 220 and AHMA 221 , students will be eligible to sit for the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) or American Medical Technologists (AMT) Phlebotomy Technician national certiﬁcation",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMS 295",
      "AHMA 220"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 280",
    "title": "Med Assisting Exam Prep: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Preparation for the AMT (American Medical Technologists) registration exam and/or AAMA (American Association of Medical Assistants) certification exam.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000010",
    "code": "AHMA 298",
    "title": "Medical Assisting Externship: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Practical experience in physicians’ offices, medical/dental clinics, surgical centers, and hospital environments under supervision. This is a non-paid externship and consists of 160 hours",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 100",
    "title": "Math Applications Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares health science students for the mathematics required in their profession. Topics investigated include: measurement systems, whole number review, decimals, fractions, rations, proportions, percentages, conversions.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 108",
    "title": "Health Data Content and Structure: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides orientation to the health information department and its organizational interrelationship in healthcare facilities and the interchange of healthcare information. This course examines the collection, review and security of health",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMS 210"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 144",
    "title": "Medical Terminology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Basic elements, rules of building and analyzing medical words, and medical terms associated with the body as a whole. In addition to medical terms, common abbreviations applicable to each body system will be interpreted.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 156",
    "title": "Medical Billing Fundamentals: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The most common commercial, managed care and federal health insurance plans in the US will be covered. Billing processes and procedures as well as legal, regulatory, and ethical issues in health insurance will also be covered",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMS 210"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 158",
    "title": "Legal and Regulatory Aspects of Healthcare: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers legal relationships of physicians and patients, contractual agreements, professional liability, malpractice, medical practice acts, informed consent, and bioethical issues. Emphasis is placed on legal terms, professional attitudes, and the principles and basic concepts of ethics and laws involved in providing medical services. This course also identifies patient behaviors and stressors related to illness, cultural influences, death, and dying.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 160",
    "title": "Beginning Procedural Coding: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic and intermediate levels of theory and application of CPT and HCPCS principles and guidelines for coding procedures. Students perform procedural coding using health records, case studies, and scenarios. The course uses applicable coding books and an overview of electronic encoder programs.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 162",
    "title": "Beginning Diagnostic Coding: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic and intermediate levels of theory and application of ICD principles and guidelines for coding procedures. Students perform diagnostic coding using health records, case studies, and scenarios. The course uses applicable coding books and an overview of electronic encoder programs.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 170",
    "title": "Intro to Mental Illness and Addiction Behaviors: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Behavioral Health majors only or permission from instructor. This course covers mental illnesses and addictive behaviors, recognizing signs and symptoms of these behaviors in a clinical setting, diagnoses, and prescribed treatment protocols. Topics include mental and personal disorders, drug and non-drug addiction types, societal effects, treatment, intervention, and prevention.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 195",
    "title": "Selfcare for Caregivers: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Behavioral Health majors or permission from instructor. This course covers wellness modalities designed to assist caregivers with stress and burnout management. Topics include physical and emotional well-being, self-care practices, signs and symptoms of stress and burnout, workplace culture and conflict management, career longevity, and finding purpose.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 200",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Psychopathology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Behavioral Health majors or permission from instructor. This course will explore the interactions and contributions of social, environmental, and biological factors in psychological pathologies. Topics include disorder types, characteristics, influences, development, integrative approaches to diagnosis and treatment, legal ethics, and research.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 202",
    "title": "Behavioral Health Clinical Procedures: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Behavioral Health majors only. AHMS 202 provides fundamental concepts and skill development of the behavioral health technician/assistant/support staff in mental and behavioral clinical settings, including assessment and treatment of behavioral health diagnoses, safety and infection control protocols, clinical equipment, vital signs, CLIA-waived testing, and patient-provider communication.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 204",
    "title": "Behavioral Health Reporting and Safety Procedures: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Behavioral Health majors only or permission from instructor. This course covers fundamental documentation and reporting concepts as well as patient and staff safety procedures in mental and behavioral health settings. Topics include healthcare policy, funding, mental health disparities in society, medical insurance policies, regulatory guidelines for documentation/reporting, and safety.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 210",
    "title": "Basic Medical Coding: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic and intermediate levels of theory and application of CPT, HCPCS, ICD-10-CM, and ICD-10-PCS principles and guidelines for coding medical procedures and diagnoses.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ahms/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 211",
    "title": "Patient Care and Substance Abuse: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Behavioral Health majors only or permission from instructor. This course will cover substance abuse and patient care practices. Topics include substance type and legalization, substance effect on the body, age/social groups, signs/symptoms of substance abuse, assessment/treatment protocols, healthcare and emergency service provider collaboration, non-compliance, and infectious disease transmission/control.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 214",
    "title": "Intro to Behavioral Health Research and Community Outreach: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Behavioral Health major or permission from instructor. This course includes mental and behavioral health research, regulatory standards, and community outreach. Students will review accrediting body standards, case studies and competencies, basic research skills for outcome development and assessment, and community outreach opportunities for mental and behavioral health.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ahms/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 215",
    "title": "Behavioral Health Counseling and Crisis Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Behavioral Health majors only. This course covers introductory concepts to mental and behavioral health counseling methods and crisis management. Topics include counseling practices, healthcare systems of care and collaboration, legal and ethical standards, community crisis management, record keeping, medical insurance policies, and patient advocacy.",
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    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 220",
    "title": "Medical Office Procedures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Electronic patient information system to include appointment scheduling, gathering patient data, posting charges/payments/adjustments, submitting claims, claims management, understanding the various third-party payers (Medicaid, Medicare, Blue Cross, Work Comp, etc.) medical coding (ICD10, CPT, RVS, DRG), manual bookkeeping procedures, and medical records management.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 250",
    "title": "Advanced Medical Coding: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Work Force Programs.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMS 160",
      "AHMS 162"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 295",
    "title": "Allied Health Externship Prep Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course is a prerequisite for Allied Health externship courses. Emphasis will be placed on professionalism, CPR(BLS) training, and student submission of clinical required documents. Upon successful completion of this course, students may register for the externship course.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000011",
    "code": "AHMS 298",
    "title": "Professional Practice Experience - Coding: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides students with authentic coding practices in a hospital, physician's office, clinic or other healthcare setting with directed projects common to a clinical coding specialist on the job .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMS 160",
      "AHMS 162",
      "AHMS 144",
      "AH 140",
      "BIOH 112"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000012",
    "code": "AHMT 154",
    "title": "Research and Regulatory Aspects of Medical Labs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The Research and Regulatory Aspects of Medical Labs course includes the topics of research, regulatory standards, quality assessment and control in clinical and research laboratories. Students will review accrediting body standards of practice and apply knowledge to laboratory case studies and competencies. Students will also develop basic research skills to apply to the development and assessment of outcomes in medical labs.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ahmt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000012",
    "code": "AHMT 202",
    "title": "Medical Lab Clinical Procedures I: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The Medical Lab Clinical Procedure I course is designed to develop a basic knowledge of skills and practices of the medical lab assistant. Emphasis on the fundamental concepts of clinical laboratories, topics include lab organization, safety and infection control protocols, review of and practice with lab equipment, systems of measurement, basic laboratory techniques, and testing from point of care to automation.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ahmt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000012",
    "code": "AHMT 204",
    "title": "Medical Lab Clinical Procedures II: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The Medical Lab Clinical Procedures II course is designed to develop a basic knowledge of skills and practices of the medical lab assistant. Emphasis on the performance of Phlebotomy, CLIA waived laboratory tests, and medical microbiology cultures. Topics include specimen collection, phlebotomy, specimen processing, record keeping, universal precautions, infection control, quality control, immunology, serology, and transfusion medicine",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMT 202"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000012",
    "code": "AHMT 240",
    "title": "Clinical Chemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The Clinical Chemistry course covers the analysis and interpretation of laboratory specimens. Emphasis on lab outcomes relation to normal versus abnormal physiology. Topics include overview of body systems diseases in relation to lab tests, cell injury, inflammation, body fluids, cancer, therapeutic drug monitoring, toxicology, transplantation, and emergency preparedness",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AHMT 202",
      "BIOH 104",
      "BIOM 250",
      "BIOM 251"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000012",
    "code": "AHMT 298",
    "title": "Medical Lab Externship: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "code": "ANTY 252IS",
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    "code": "ANTY 290R",
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    "code": "ANTY 291",
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    "code": "ANTY 292",
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    "code": "ANTY 313",
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    "code": "ANTY 315",
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    "description": "Detailed study of human cranial and post cranial skeletal anatomy. Analyses of skeletal materials for estimating sex, age at death, living stature, biological ancestry, cause of death, and other factors of forensic interest. Methods in the recovery of skeletal remains",
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    "code": "ANTY 327",
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    "description": "Anthropological research materials, their methodological treatment and theoretical grounding as applied to health-related practices in local and trans cultural contexts. Cultural constructions of diseases, intervention and treatment strategies, and the analysis of health concerns associated with globalization and accelerated culture change",
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    "code": "ANTY 332",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An anthropological view of native North American cultures from the perspective of the ethnographic present. Continental-wide diversity in native adaptations and life ways are examined along lines of anthropologically-defined culture areas",
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    "code": "ANTY 336",
    "title": "Myth, Ritual and Religion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Forms of religious representation and practice in cultural and historical context; from liminality and symbolic innovation to mythic charters and social transformations, cosmological scenarios and ritual forms are explored in this course",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "ANTY 337",
    "title": "Sex, Gender, and Sexuality in Japan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Dominant constructions of sex, gender and sexuality in contemporary Japanese society, and how such constructions are reinforced, contested or resisted in Japan. This includes interaction with race, ethnicity, class and other social and historical factors (e.g., colonialism, globalization)",
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      "ANTY 242D",
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    "code": "ANTY 338",
    "title": "Contemporary Pacific Societies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Current ethnological and theoretical considerations of creative cultural processes in relation to classical adaptations and world views of Pacific Island peoples",
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      "ANTY 215IS"
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    "code": "ANTY 343",
    "title": "Popular Culture - Japan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines socio-historical and political meanings of mass/popular culture in our everyday lives in personal, local and global contexts. There is an emphasis on materials originating from or related to Japan including manga, anime, music, performance arts, food, fashion, the internet, toys and television",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANTY 225IS",
      "ANTY 242D",
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D",
      "JPNS 150D",
      "SOCI 327"
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000016",
    "code": "ANTY 348",
    "title": "Contemporary Africa: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of the major issues, debates, and theoretical frameworks that anthropologists engage with in the study of the African continent and diaspora Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANTY 225IS"
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    "code": "ANTY 350",
    "title": "Old World Prehistory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an understanding of the origins and development of human culture in the Old World (Africa, Europe, Asia, and Australia) over the past three million years. The emphasis is on key theoretical and methodological developments in the archaeology and paleoanthropology of the Old World",
    "prerequisites": [
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    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000016",
    "code": "ANTY 351",
    "title": "Archaeology of North America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prehistoric cultural adaptations and developments in North America from the earliest archaeological evidence through historic times; basic archaeological methods and theory",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "title": "Archaeology of Southwest Asia: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Foragers of Sub-Saharan Africa: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "The Archaeology of Ice and Snow: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Public Archaeology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "ANTY 425R",
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    "code": "ANTY 441",
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    "code": "ANTY 491",
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    "code": "ARAB 102D",
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "ARAB 291",
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    "code": "ARAB 491",
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 505",
    "title": "Ruminant Microbiology: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "BIOM 405",
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 507",
    "title": "Research Methods: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 508",
    "title": "Rangeland Ecological Theory and Application: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() F odd years. In this course students will explore the scientific literature and ecological basis for rangeland management practices and will develop an ecological awareness to support critical evaluation of and solution building for ecological problems on arid and semi-arid landscapes",
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    "code": "ARNR 513",
    "title": "Advanced Forage Production: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "ARNR 520",
    "title": "Nutrient Metabolism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "BCH 380"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 521",
    "title": "Adv Ruminant Nutrition: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 523",
    "title": "Adv Physiology of Reproduction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() S odd years. In-depth study of reproductive processes in domestic mammals, with emphasis on the application of recent techniques in solving reproductive problems associated with infertility. Student should have prior understanding of the reproductive anatomy, physiology, and endocrinology of female and male domesticated mammals",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 321"
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    "code": "ARNR 524",
    "title": "Adv Animal Breeding: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() S even years. Quantitative and molecular genetics applied to the improvement of animals. Study of relationships among relatives, methods of estimating genetic parameters, application of crossbreeding systems and selection techniques, and the application of molecular biology to understand the basis of economically important traits in livestock. Offered spring, even years",
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 525",
    "title": "Muscle Growth & Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "BIOB 160"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 527",
    "title": "Livestock Mineral Nutrition: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Lectures will include an overview of livestock mineral nutrition, discussion mineral feed tags and analyses reports, and in-depth discussion of the minerals commonly included in livestock mineral programs. Fall alternate years, to be offered odd years.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 541",
    "title": "Range Ecophysiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Lectures and selected readings on the response of range plants and animals to daily and seasonal changes in their environment, including physiology, animal behavior, and plant population biology",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSM 240",
      "BIOE 370"
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    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 543",
    "title": "Riparian Process & Function: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course involves an in depth investigation of the geomorphological physical and biological parameters unique to riparian areas of the Northern Rocky Mountains and Great Plains. Emphasis will be placed on how these parameters interact to create the biotic communities associated with riparian areas",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSM 455",
      "BIOE 370",
      "ERTH 432R"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 544",
    "title": "Advanced Grazing Management and Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Review of management principles for livestock grazing rangelands and their ecological relationships. Study design and scientific results will be examined to critically review information. Offered spring odd years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSM 240",
      "NRSM 350",
      "NRSM 351",
      "BIOE 370"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-544",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-544.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 555",
    "title": "Rangeland Wildlife Ecology & Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Course explores the history, ecology, and management of wildlife populations occurring on rangelands. Emphasis will be placed on habitat and population management with primary consideration of management issues facing wildlife populations in the West. Offered fall, even years",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-555",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-555.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 575",
    "title": "Prof Paper & Project: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 594",
    "title": "Research Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Graduate students will meet weekly to discuss and critique papers for up-coming departmental seminar speakers. Students will also participate in seminars, and present their research both in an oral and written format Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARNR 507"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-594",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-594.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000018",
    "code": "ARNR 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arnr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-690",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arnr-690.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 200IA",
    "title": "Art of World Civilization I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course examines a richly diverse set of cultural case studies drawn from Europe, Asia, Africa, Americas and the Mediterranean across an expansive timeline that begins with prehistoric art and ends with the Medieval period. The course focuses on an understanding of art as the nonverbal expression of universal cultural concepts.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-200ia",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-200ia.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 201IA",
    "title": "Art of World Civilization II: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course examines diverse works of art and architecture drawn from Europe, Asia, Oceania, Africa and the Americas incorporating the latest research and methodologies beginning with Renaissance and ending with 20th century art worldwide.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-201ia",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-201ia.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() As needed, rarely if ever offered. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-290r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-290r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 302",
    "title": "Survey of Hellenistic Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) No prerequisites for non majors. This course is a thematic survey that examines the art and architecture of ancient civilizations belonging to the kingdoms of the Hellenistic Age. The emphasis is on how the era was shaped by a dynamic fluidity of ideas and people as Greek culture spread, through contact and exchange, from the Eastern Mediterranean to Asia",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-302",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-302.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 310",
    "title": "Art and Architecture of Ancient Mesoamerica: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) A comparative survey that will examine the art and architecture of selected cultures of Mesoamerica, Central America and South America, commonly grouped under the designation of New World civilizations. The material presented will focus on the Aztecs and Maya of Mesoamerica (southern Mexico and northern Central America) and the Incas of Central Andes of South America.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-310",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-310.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 312",
    "title": "History of Decorative Arts: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This course introduces students to the history of material objects and their built environments in Western Europe and the United States from the early 17th century through the early 20th century. The first half of the course covers material and techniques prevalent in the early modern era; the second half engages with debates on the impact of manufacture and machine processes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-312",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-312.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 323",
    "title": "History of Printmaking: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) This course examines the history of printmaking in Western Europe and the United Stated Offered as needed based on student demand. From the early fifteenth to the early twentieth century. Prints are examined as vehicles for reproduction, political protest and social change",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-323",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-323.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 342",
    "title": "Modern Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This lecture course examines the defining moments in the development of European and American art of the modern era, from the 1730s through to 1940. The course includes Fauvism and Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism, the School of Paris, Dada and Surrealism, the Russian avant-garde, modernist trends in America. Painting, sculpture, photography, and the functional arts are discussed",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-342",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-342.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 343",
    "title": "Modern Art in Italy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) ARTH 343 will use the resources of Italy’s modern and contemporary art museums supplemented by classroom lectures to offer an overview of the major movements of Modern art in Italy. Through the lectures and through their assignments, students in this course will examine in-depth the specific historical and political context of Italian art in the Modern era, mid-18th c. to the present",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-343",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-343.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 350",
    "title": "Celtic and Viking Art and Legacy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This lecture-based course is a thematic survey of the art and legacy of the Celts and the Vikings with an emphasis on the European Medieval period. The course has a special emphasis on analyzing established depictions of both cultures within the framework of their individual artistic production.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-350",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-350.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 360",
    "title": "History of Asian Art and Architecture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(On demand.) Majors only. This course offers students a broad exposure to art and architecture produced mainly in China, but also in India, Korea, and Japan from the Neolithic times through the modern era (ca. 4500 BCE. to 1912 C.E.). The course includes the formation of civilizations, the spread of Buddhism, painterly and printmaking traditions and current cultural issues",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191",
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-360",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-360.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 375",
    "title": "Roman, Etruscan, Greek Art in Italy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Offered as needed based on student demand. No prerequisites for non majors. This course is a thematic survey of art and architecture on the Italic Peninsula between 600BCE and 100BCE with a focus on intercultural traffic and the dynamic exchange of ideas among three groups: the Greeks, the Etruscans, and the Romans",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-375",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-375.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-391",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-391.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 400",
    "title": "Art and Architecture of Egypt: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "No prerequisites for non majors. This lecture-based course is an exploration of the art and architecture of ancient Egypt from the Neolithic period (5000-3100 B.C.E.) to the era of Roman rule in the first through fifth centuries CE. Due to the nature of the surviving material, the emphasis will be on the ideas and attitudes about the relationship between humans and divinities, the cult of the ruler/king, and funerary cult and the afterlife",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-400",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-400.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 402",
    "title": "Greek Art and Architecture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. No prerequisites for non majors. This lecture-based course examines the art and architecture of ancient Greece civilization including the Aegean Bronze Age antecedents of Hellenic art belonging to Cycladic and Minoan cultures beginning in 3000 BCE, the earliest recognizable origins in the late Bronze Age of Mycenaean Greece, and concluding with the wide-spread dissemination of Greek material culture after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-402",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-402.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 406",
    "title": "Roman Art and Architecture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. No prerequisites for non majors. This lecture-based course looks at the public and private art and architecture of ancient Rome. The study encompasses the Etruscan and Republican foundations-cultural, political and artistic-of Rome and then moves on to the period when emperors ruled and the borders of the empire at its height ranged from Britain to North Africa. The course is arranged as a chronological survey moving from the earliest archaeological evidence of settlement on the hills of Rome in the 10 century BCE to the reign of the emperor Constantine in the fourth century CE",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-406",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-406.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 409",
    "title": "Roman Imperial Monuments: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course, offered as part of the SOA study abroad semester, is an upper-level thematic course grounded in the urban topography of ancient Rome. The study combines archaeological evidence, Roman history from ancient sources, and foundation myths",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-409",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-409.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 410",
    "title": "Medieval Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. No prerequisites for non majors. This lecture-based course examines the art and architecture of western Europe between 500-1500, a period rich with contact and exchange among cultures including Roman, Insular, and Viking. Art historical periods include the Late Antique, Romanesque, and Gothic, across the timeline there will be an exploration of the diverse range of material culture contained under the term “medieval.”",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-410",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-410.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 422",
    "title": "Early Renaissance to 15th Century Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. A study of painting, sculpture and architecture in Italy in the 15th century. Major artists include Donatello, Masaccio, Piero della Francesca and Botticelli, Michelangelo, and Giorgione",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-422",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-422.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 424",
    "title": "High Renaissance and Mannerism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This course is a study of the high renaissance in Rome, Florence and Venice, and the reactions to this in the style of mannerism. Major artists include Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael, Pontormo and Titian",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-424",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-424.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 426",
    "title": "Baroque Art in Italy and Southern Europe, 1600-1700: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This lecture based course provides a history of painting, sculpture, and architecture produced in Italian states and Southern Europe during the 17th century. Emphasis is placed on major artists and stylistic trends as well as the various social, political and religious contexts for viewing art. Artists include Carracci, Caravaggio, Velazquez, Rubens and Lebrun and styles include classicism and naturalism",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-426",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-426.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 427",
    "title": "Baroque Art in the Netherlands: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This course offers students a history of painting in the Republic of the Netherlands and its colonies, the East and West Indies, between 1585 and 1700. Emphasis is placed on major artists like Vermeer and Rembrandt as well as the economic, social, political and religious contexts for viewing art",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-427",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-427.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 430",
    "title": "19th Century Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed, based on student demand. This course examines painting produced in France and its “cultural satellites” Britain, Spain, and the German States throughout the 1800s, with a specific concern for the dialectic between art making and the modern world. It will explore all the major stylistic trends - Neoclassicism, Romanticism, Realism, and Impressionism - and artists who shaped public consciousness of the momentous changes around them",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-430",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-430.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 432",
    "title": "Art in the Age of Revolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation ) Offered as needed based on student demand. This course examines painting and sculpture produced in France, Britain, and the United States in the second half of the eighteenth century, with a general concern for the emerging dialectic between art making and industrial and political revolt around the key dates of 1776, 1780, and 1789. Major art styles include the Rococo, the Cult of Sensibility, Neoclassicism, and Romanticism",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-432",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-432.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 435",
    "title": "Art of the United States: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This course will examine U.S. painting, sculpture and architecture from the time of Europe settlement to 1918 with emphasis on cross-cultural encounters",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-435",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-435.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 441",
    "title": "Art Now: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. Art Now is designed as a discussion-based course surveying the most recent trends in contemporary art, focusing in particular on developments that have occurred within the art world of the last fifteen years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-441",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-441.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 451",
    "title": "Contemporary Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This course will focus on issues in contemporary painting, sculpture, and related radical art forms. Students are responsible for discussions of assigned readings and presentations of research projects",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-451",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-451.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 460",
    "title": "Contemporary Art & Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Rotation) Offered as needed based on student demand. This discussion course will examine the themes and movements in ecological art since 1945. Its primary focus will be on the historiography of land art, and the relationship between nature and technology. Students are responsible for discussions of assigned readings, quizzes and field study",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-460",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-460.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 461",
    "title": "Art and Social Activism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This seminar will sketch a history of alternative art practices and spaces since the 1960's. It will address the redefinition of public art",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-461",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-461.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 467",
    "title": "Museums and the Ancient World: Pompeii as Museum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course considers the various lenses used to view the remains of the ancient Roman town of Pompeii. This art historical study examines Pompeii as a museum, a collection of objects in a curated and controlled viewing environment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-467",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-467.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 475",
    "title": "Professional Paper: 1-2 Credits (1-2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A two-semester capstone experience for Art History students, culminating in an original professional paper developed with a faculty mentor and held to rigorous standards of professional practice Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109IA",
      "MART 122",
      "ARTH 200IA",
      "ARTH 201IA",
      "ARTZ 110RA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-475",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-475.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed, very rarely. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-494.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 495",
    "title": "Field Study: 2-5 Credits (2-5 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Offered as part of study abroad course. Course will allow students to study at an off-campus location such as a foreign country under the direction of art faculty member. Includes preparatory meetings, several hours per day of discussion on site, and writing or creative project which assimilates direct experience and research Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109RA",
      "ARTZ 110RA",
      "ARTH 201IA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-495",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-495.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 499R",
    "title": "Senior Thesis: Art History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, undergraduate thesis paper, or undergraduate thesis exhibition. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000188"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-499r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-499r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 501",
    "title": "Pedagogy and Professionalism: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This graduate seminar provides students with the skills necessary for becoming an effective instructor and dedicated researcher in an educational environment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-501",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-501.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 506",
    "title": "Methods and Critical Theories: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This seminar will probe the genesis of foundational concepts like quality, authenticity, style, and iconography as well as explore discursive links to allied fields such as feminism, psychoanalysis, and post-colonialism.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-506",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-506.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 512",
    "title": "Etruscan Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. The course focuses on the art and architecture produced by an important Italic civilization, the Etruscans, as well as their Iron Age ancestors, Villanovan civilization. The approach is contextual, with an examination of the social, economic, religious factors surrounding their artistic developments.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-512",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-512.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 532",
    "title": "Portraiture and Identity: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This graduate course will explore how portrait images have promoted a range of identities for sitters from the Renaissance through the Modern Era. It will consider them as strategies for communicating political and social values to various viewing constituencies.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-532",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-532.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 535",
    "title": "Origins of the Modern Art Museum: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This course traces the development of the museum from the royal treasury of the Renaissance to the public institution of the modern era and introduces students to a range of issues and topics with which museums are engaged",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-535",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-535.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 536",
    "title": "Topics in Modern Art History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "ARTH 536 Topics in Modern Art is designed to develop a deep understanding of a particular topic or contemporary issue in the field of the history of Modern Art. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-536",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-536.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 537",
    "title": "Topics in American Art: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Selected topics in the art of America from the colonial period to the present, including folk art, craft, modern art, post-modern architecture, monuments, popular art and culture. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-537",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-537.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 538",
    "title": "Constructions of Gender & Sexuality in Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will examine art that engages themes related to feminism, gender, and sexuality. With attention to the intersections of class, nationality, and disability, the class will address key historical events, movements, and cultural shifts.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-538",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-538.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 555",
    "title": "Critical Terms in Art History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. This is a seminar designed for candidates for the master's degree in art history to expose them to a gamut of issues and approaches to research in the history of art, with particular emphasis on recent concepts and theories pertaining to modern and contemporary art.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-555",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-555.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper and Project: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-588",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-588.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (4 Lec, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000019",
    "code": "ARTH 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/arth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/arth-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 105IA",
    "title": "Visual Language - Drawing: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The development of basic drawing skills and concepts through an emphasis on observation and visual problem-solving. Representation and expression are explored through black and white drawing media. Critiques develop student's ability to formulate and verbalize knowledgeable responses to visual production.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-105ia",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-105ia.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 109IA",
    "title": "Visual Language: Comprehensive Foundation: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The development of basic two-dimensional and three-dimensional technical and aesthetic concepts through an emphasis on design elements and principles. Visual problem-solving in 2D pictorial construction, 3D form and space, and color theory. Critiques develop student's ability to formulate and verbalize knowledgeable responses to visual production.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-109ia",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-109ia.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 110RA",
    "title": "Visual Language: Ideation and Creativity: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Development and understanding of processes for ideation and creative thinking to generate questions and solutions. Develop basic abilities to interpret, recognize, construct, appreciate and negotiate information presented in the form of visible actions, images, objects and symbols, natural or human-made.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000188",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-110ra",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-110ra.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 207",
    "title": "Shop Pass: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The purpose of this course is to provide students with general shop etiquette, thorough safety demonstrations and the specific skill set required to create professional quality wooden frames and stretchers for paintings, drawings, prints, or other 2D wall hanging works. Once a student has successfully completed this course they will have access to the facility to continue to fabricate additional frames and stretchers for the duration of their MSU coursework. Art Department",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-207",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-207.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 210",
    "title": "Professional Practices: Careers in Art: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course covers the initial development of visual portfolio, photographing and exhibiting artwork, artist statement, and other preparation for a career in the visual arts. Students will also be prepared for exhibition opportunities as well as for entry into other areas in professional creative fields",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 105IA",
      "ARTZ 109IA",
      "ARTZ 110RA"
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      "gallatin-000191"
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    "code": "ARTZ 211RA",
    "title": "Drawing I: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to the basic vocabulary of drawing, observation, problem solving, and personal expression. Critiques develop student's ability to formulate and verbalize informed analysis of the completed projects",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109IA",
      "ARTZ 109RA",
      "ARTZ 105IA"
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    "code": "ARTZ 221",
    "title": "Painting I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to oil and/or acrylic painting. Exploration of basic aesthetic and technical concepts in painting. Primarily representational subject matter. Understanding and developing individual stylistic tendencies. Individual and group critiques",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109IA",
      "ARTZ 109RA",
      "ARTZ 105IA"
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      "gallatin-000190",
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    "code": "ARTZ 231RA",
    "title": "Ceramics I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Non Major sections- Students do not need prerequisite ARTZ 109IA . Contemporary ceramics - the history, development, and aesthetics of ceramic vessels and sculpture. The technical aspects of clay, glazes, and the firing of ceramic objects. Problem solving and the development of ideas",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109IA"
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      "gallatin-000190",
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    "code": "ARTZ 251",
    "title": "Sculpture I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction to the field of sculpture and extended media through projects involving found objects, woodworking, welding, and non-traditional materials. The course includes an introduction to tools, materials, processes and safety procedures with a conceptual approach to problem solving",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109IA"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 261",
    "title": "Metals I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An introductory course in basic metalsmithing techniques and three-dimensional design skills. Students will work in non-ferrous metal to learn techniques including soldering, riveting, lapidary and stone setting. There is an emphasis on jewelry design, however, students are free to produce other functional or non-functional objects on a small scale. Assignments focus on a technique and a concept, and are evaluated on craftsmanship and aesthetics",
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      "ARTZ 109IA",
      "ARTZ 109RA"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 271",
    "title": "Printmaking I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) A beginning course in which multiple original prints are made from a variety of blocks and plates. Emphasis on relief and intaglio history and processes including woodcut, lino cut, engraving, etching, and aquatint",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 109RA",
      "ARTZ 109IA"
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      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
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      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() As needed, rarely if ever needed. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "ARTZ 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 309IA",
    "title": "Unleashing Scientific Innovation through Visual Communication: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Through this interdisciplinary course, students will explore creativity and innovation through Individual and group creative projects. Students will be afforded hands-on opportunities for original and innovative exploration, conceptualizing, creative problem solving, and critical thinking while developing a high level of understanding of the creative process across disciplines through the creation of art. The course will culminate in a public exhibition of the students’ creative works",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 312",
    "title": "Intermediate Drawing: 5 Credits (5 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Majors and minors only. Advanced technical and aesthetic concepts in drawing with emphasis on the development of a personal artistic style. Use of traditional and non-traditional subject matter. Individual and group critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 211RA"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
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      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 322",
    "title": "Intermediate Painting: 5 Credits (3 Lab, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Majors and minors only. Advanced technical and aesthetic concepts. Emphasis on the development of a personal artistic style. Use of traditional and non-traditional subject matter. Individual and group critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 221"
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      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
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      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 323",
    "title": "Cezanne's Path: The Birth of Modernism: 5 Credits (5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as part of study abroad course, as needed. This interdisciplinary Painting and Art History course consists of (4) four-hour Painting and Art History workshops on campus, and 23 days in a field study program in France.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 332",
    "title": "Intermediate Ceramics: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Major and minors only. Intermediate level to develop skill and sensitivity working with ceramic material and processes including wheel throwing, casting, alternate forming techniques; clay and glaze research; kiln design and firing to create well-crafted clay objects considering historical, sculptural, and utilitarian issues Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 231RA"
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      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 352",
    "title": "Intermediate Sculpture: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Majors and minors only. The course involved the further development of conceptual and technical problem solving skills within sculpture and extended media addressed through creative challenges. Students will be provided with advanced experiences with materials and methods within three-dimensional form making and the discipline as a whole Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 251"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 357",
    "title": "Functional Design-Strategies for Fabricating Practical Objects: 5 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) During the course students will have the opportunity to work on their level of craftsmanship, technique and skill set involving the creation of practical and functional objects. The course allows students to step back from conceptual concerns and focus on the necessary skills involved in making “clean” cuts, joints and design. The course is intended to help students develop their overall skill set in the shop environment thus giving them a solid introduction to advanced processes in the wood shop",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 251"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 361",
    "title": "Metals II: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Majors and minors only. An advanced course in metalsmithing that rotates through three different topics every three semesters: Raising and Forming; Casting; Surface. There is an emphasis on jewelry design, however, students are free to produce other functional or non-functional objects on a small scale. Assignments focus on a technique and a concept, and are evaluated on craftsmanship and aesthetics Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 261"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 373",
    "title": "Intermediate Printmaking - Lithography: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Offered in rotation with other ARTZ 37X courses.) Major and minors only. Offered in rotation with other ARTZ 37X courses. An intermediate course in which multiple original prints are made from hand-drawn images on lithographic limestone, aluminum and polyester plates. Editioning in black and multi-color using crayon, tusche, transfer, and photo methods. The structure of the courses includes technical demonstrations, studio assignments, readings and critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 271",
      "ARTZ 211RA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 374",
    "title": "Intermediate Printmaking - Serigraphy: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An intermediate course in which multiple original, multi-colored prints are made using various water-based silk-screen processes. Stencil techniques include paper, screen filler, drawing fluid, and photo. The structure of the courses includes technical demonstrations, studio assignments, readings and critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 271"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 375",
    "title": "Intermediate Printmaking - Intaglio: 5 Credits (3 Lab, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered in rotation with other ARTZ 37X courses. An intermediate course in which multiple original prints are made using engraved and/or etched copper, zinc, and/or plastic intaglio plates. Methods include spit bite, viscosity, a la poupee, multi plate color, collagraph, and chine colle'. The structure of the courses includes technical demonstrations, studio assignments, readings and critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 271"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 376",
    "title": "Intermediate Printmaking - Relief: 5 Credits (3 Lab, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered in rotation with other ARTZ 37X courses. An intermediate course in which multiple original prints are made using wood and other relief plates. Methods include reductive and multi-plate color, shaped and found object, color overlay, split fountain, roller and brush inking, and various hand and press printing methods. The structure of the courses includes technical demonstrations, studio assignments, readings and critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 271"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 379",
    "title": "Alternative Print Media: 5 Credits (5 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered in rotation with other ARTZ 37X courses. An intermediate course in which students are offered a wide range of printing processes. These may include monotype, photo techniques, experimental lithography, large format printing, multimedia, and digital printmaking. The structure of the course includes technical demonstrations, studio assignments, readings and critiques Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 271"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187",
      "gallatin-000189",
      "gallatin-000190",
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "code": "ARTZ 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 399",
    "title": "Studio Arts Pre-Thesis: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Painting, Metalsmithing, Sculpture, Ceramics, Drawing, Printmaking) before being eligible for enrollment in Pre-Thesis. This facilitates success in creating a Thesis project of high quality . Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 411",
    "title": "Guided Research- Drawing: 1-5 Credits (1-5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course in which student will work on an individual basis with a faculty member in developing imagery and appropriate techniques in a particular area of drawing. Written, signed contract required prior to registering for this course Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 312"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 421",
    "title": "Guided Research- Painting: 1-5 Credits (1-5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course in which student will work on an individual basis with a faculty member in developing imagery and appropriate techniques in a particular area of painting. Written, signed contract required prior to registering for this course Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 322"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000191"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 431",
    "title": "Guided Research- Ceramics: 1-5 Credits (1-5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course in which student will work on an individual basis with a faculty member in developing imagery and appropriate techniques in a particular area of ceramics. Written, signed contract required prior to registering for this course Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 332"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 432",
    "title": "Kiln Building Intensive: 3-6 Credits (1-2 Lec, 2-4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course is for those interested in pursuing a career in the ceramic arts. The class will offer students the opportunity to learn the design, cost estimates, and construction process for building an essential tool for their work, a kiln Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 231RA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 453",
    "title": "Guided Research- Sculpture: 1-5 Credits (1-5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course in which student will work on an individual basis with a faculty member in developing imagery and appropriate techniques in a particular area of sculpture. Written, signed contract required prior to registering for this course Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ARTZ 352"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/artz/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/artz-453",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000020",
    "code": "ARTZ 461",
    "title": "Guided Research-Metalsmithing: 1-5 Credits (1-5 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to basic flight principles. Course includes the principles of flight (basic aerodynamics), aircraft systems, performance, weight and balance, aviation physiology, federal air regulations, and flight publications.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 122",
    "title": "Private Pilot - Flight: 2 Credits (4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students must enroll in this course while pursuing a private pilot's certificate from an approved flight school. Course credits will be awarded upon receipt of a copy of the student's private pilot certificate.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 130",
    "title": "Meteorology for Aviation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a detailed introduction to the environmental factors that are critical to safe flight operations. Includes the following: thermal patterns, horizontal and vertical motion, moisture clouds, precipitation, air masses, fronts, cyclones, thunderstorms and aviation hazards. Will also include meteorological flight planning, use of weather information systems, and reports and charts used for aviation weather reporting and forecasting.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 141",
    "title": "Advanced Navigation Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to provide sufficient background and practical applications of an integrated avionics system. Upon successful completion of this course the student will have the knowledge required to apply the Garmin G1000 integrated avionics to the IFR flight environment",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AVFT 121"
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 142",
    "title": "Instrument Flight: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Course can be offered throughout the year depending on when students complete their Private Pilot Certification with our flight provider at the Bozeman Yellowstone Airport) Students must enroll in this course while pursuing the Instrument certificate at an approved flight school. Credits will be awarded upon receipt of a copy of the student's instrument rating .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 143",
    "title": "Instrument Ground: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to flight under IFR conditions. Course includes basic instrument flying, flight instruments, IFR navigation charts and approach plates, IFR regulations and procedures, ATC clearances and IFR flight planning. Completion of the course will prepare the student for the Instrument Knowledge Exam",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 150",
    "title": "Aviation Operations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An overview of general aviation operations, specifically the operation and management of the Fixed Base Operation (FBO). This course also covers current events and trends affecting the general aviation industry as a whole.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 160",
    "title": "Enhancing Human Performance in Aviation: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Majors only. An examination of the human factors that affect performance in aviation, including physiological, psychological and system factors.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 171",
    "title": "Aircraft Systems for Pilots: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to basic aircraft systems found on modern single and multi-engine reciprocating and turbine aircraft. Topics will include piston engines with a focus on turbine engines, electrical systems; hydraulic and pneumatic systems; radios and instruments; propellers; and pressurization systems. Course also includes maintenance requirements, documentation, and trouble shooting from the cockpit. This course will focus on the systems commonly found on training and commercial aircraft.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 245",
    "title": "Commercial Ground: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Commercial Flight Maneuvers, Airplane Aerodynamics, Advanced Performance, Power plants (including fuel injection and turbo-charging), Environmental Control Systems and Retractable Landing Gear Systems will be taught. Also, airports (marking and lighting) will be reviewed. Advanced Weight and Balance, and Part 61, 91, 125, and 135 and NTSB 830 Commercial Pilot Regulations will build on the private pilot regulations learned earlier. High Altitude Physiology, and High Performance and Turbine-Aircraft Flight Operations will be emphasized",
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      "AVFT 122",
      "NTSB 830"
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 252",
    "title": "Commercial Flight 1: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(This course may be offered throughout the year depending on the student's successful completion of flight training and receipt of an FAA Instrument Certification. ) Students must enroll in this course while pursuing the Multi-Engine commercial certificate at an approved flight school. Credits will be awarded upon completion of 57.5 flight hours of Commercial flight training",
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      "AVFT 142"
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 253",
    "title": "Commercial Flight 2: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Credits will be awarded upon completion of the FAA Commercial Pilot Certificate. Department of Workforce Programs",
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      "AVFT 142"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 260",
    "title": "Aviation Safety: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will concentrate primarily on the organizations and processes that govern commercial and general aviation safety in the United States. This course will also provide an overview of modern techniques used in accident investigation. Also covered are descriptions of major factors and the causation of aviation accidents.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 261",
    "title": "Flight Instructor Theory: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Theory of flight and ground instruction, aircraft performance, analysis of flight maneuvers, and other basic theory as needed to become a certified flight instructor",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AVFT 142"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 262",
    "title": "Advanced Aircraft Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) S Prerequisite: Private Pilot Certificate and Instrument rating, or consent of instructor. Introduction to high performance, multi engine, aerobatic, and tailwheel aircraft; their systems, performance, weight and balance computations, flight procedures, characteristics, and emergencies. Unusual attitude recoveries, IFR and VFR",
    "prerequisites": [
      "AVFT 142"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 263",
    "title": "Aviation Regulations and Professional Conduct: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a detailed study of the regulations and procedures common to the aviation industry as well as a survey of the legal environment and the standards of conduct required of professional pilots.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000023",
    "code": "AVFT 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/avft/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/avft-491",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 104RN",
    "title": "The Biochemistry of Health for Non-Science Majors: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction for non-science majors to the biochemical basis of nutrition, health, DNA, and the human genome. The class and laboratory includes training for in depth searching of Internet and library information resources, evaluating and presenting the information found, and an introduction to DNA fingerprinting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-104rn",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 194",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "For the new student. Integration into the department and campus community. Scientific communication and chemical literature searching skills. Cross-listed with CHMY 194 .",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-194",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-290r",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-292",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 294",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to faculty research and departmental research facilities, with the goal of assisting students in the process of joining a research group. Issues related to becoming engaged in a research groups including how to keep a research notebook, lab safety, ethics, etc. are also considered. Cross-listed with CHMY 294 Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 194",
      "BCH 194",
      "CHMY 294"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-294",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 380",
    "title": "Biochemistry: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and nucleic acid structure and function; enzyme kinetics; energetics; major metabolic pathways for carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids; photosynthesis; regulation of gene function .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260",
      "CHMY 211",
      "CHMY 212",
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 324",
      "CHMY 333",
      "CHMY 334"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000183",
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 381",
    "title": "Biochemistry Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany BCH 380 . This course runs concurrent with BCH 380 . Both courses are required to be taken during the same semester.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-381",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 394",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Developing student presentation skills thru the preparation and presentation of a group 50-minute talk on a chemical topic of current interest. Career planning and resume preparation. Cross-listed with CHMY 394",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 294",
      "BCH 294",
      "CHMY 394"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-394",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 441",
    "title": "Biochemistry of Macromolecules: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Biochemical basis of modern molecular biology; structure and function of proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes; replication; transcription; translation; regulation of gene expression; and recombinant DNA",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260",
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 333"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-441",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 442",
    "title": "Metabolic Regulation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In-depth biochemical treatment of metabolism and its regulation in cellular processes. Offered in both Fall and Spring semesters",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260",
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 333"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-442",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 444R",
    "title": "Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Methods: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on molecular biology/biochemistry procedures integral to current research. Methods include PCR; gene cloning; DNA sequencing; and expression, isolation, purification, and characterization of the gene-encoded protein",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 441"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000184",
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 446",
    "title": "Metabolomics and Systems Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will increase their understanding of biological circuits and feedback regulation with emphasis on changes in metabolism that are close to phenotype in health and disease. Students will become familiar with the most recent scientific literature on metabolomics and systems biology that is relevant to understanding biological mechanisms of interest to them",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 441",
      "BCH 442"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-446",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 450",
    "title": "X-Ray Crystallography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on the theory of small and macromolecular structure determination by x-ray crystallography. Topics include crystallization of small and macromolecules, and molecular structure determination from single crystal X-ray diffraction data, including model building, refinement and validation. Co-Convened with BCH 550",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-450",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-490r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-492",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Senior capstone course. Taught in collaboration with departmental Honors Thesis, CHMY 499 . The chemistry/biochemistry research undergraduate experience constitutes a synthesis of our (bio)chemistry class room and laboratory education. The projects are orally presented in seminar form, discussed on the basis of acquired knowledge, and analyzed using stringent scientific methods and criteria. A complete personal resume is prepared. May be repeated once. Cross-listed with CHMY 494",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 394",
      "BCH 394",
      "CHMY 499",
      "CHMY 494"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-494",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Senior capstone course. Taught in collaboration with departmental Honors Thesis, CHMY 499 . The chemistry/biochemistry research undergraduate experience constitutes a synthesis of our (bio)chemistry class room and laboratory education. The projects are orally presented in seminar form, discussed on the basis of acquired knowledge, and analyzed using stringent scientific methods and criteria. A complete personal resume is prepared. May be repeated once. Cross-listed with CHMY 499",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 490R",
      "BCH 394",
      "CHMY 394",
      "CHMY 499"
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    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 524",
    "title": "Mass Spectrometry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Mass spectrometric methods of analysis. Methods for ionization of samples in the gas, liquid and solid phases. Proteomics applications. Cross referenced with CHMY 524",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 301",
      "CHMY 524"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 526",
    "title": "Adv Protein NMR Spectroscopy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This lecture-based course is designed to teach the fundamental principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as it applies to the structural elucidations of proteins in solution. Pre-requisites include familiarity with linear algebra and basic trigonometric functions and CHMY 323 . Cross-referenced with CHMY 526",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 526"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 527",
    "title": "Introduction to Structural Biology: Transmission Electron Microscopy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course covers theory and practice for cryo-electron microscopy",
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    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 543",
    "title": "Proteins: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Structure-function relationships of proteins and enzymes. Current literature stressed. Written student reports required",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 441"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 544",
    "title": "Molecular Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Recent advances in understanding and research methods using both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 441",
      "BIOB 425",
      "BIOB 410"
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    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 545",
    "title": "Advanced Physical Biochemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theoretical presentation of the molecular structures and interactions occurring in proteins and nucleic acids. Discussion of spectroscopy techniques used to study bio molecular structures and function. Includes concepts in: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-ray Diffraction, Ultraviolet Absorption, Fluorescence, Circular Dichroism, Vibrational Spectroscopy, molecular motion and transport properties including diffusion, sedimentation, and viscosity",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 324",
      "BCH 441"
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    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 546",
    "title": "Metabolomics and Systems Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course will cover the language, methods and scientific literature surrounding metabolomics and systems biology and examples of applications to understanding mechanisms in health and disease. Students will increase their understanding of biological circuits and feedback regulation with emphasis on changes in metabolism that are close to phenotype in health and disease. Students will become familiar with the most recent scientific literature on metabolomics and systems biology that is relevant to understanding biological mechanisms of interest to them.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 547",
    "title": "Bioinorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an introduction and overview of the field of bioinorganic chemistry, the chemistry of metals in biological systems, with a particular emphasis on metal trafficking, metal center assembly and metal clusters in biology",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 401",
      "BCH 441"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 550",
    "title": "X-ray Crystallography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on theory and practice of molecular structure determined by x-ray crystallography. Topics include crystallization of macromolecules, molecular structure determination from x-ray data, and evaluation of the quality of the resulting macromolecular models. Co-Convened with BCH 450",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 441",
      "BCH 442"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 553",
    "title": "Protein Structure, Function, and Evolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focus is on the integration of results from multiple experimental approaches, including activity assays, kinetics, thermodynamics, bioinformatics, molecular evolution, protein structure and protein dynamics. Students will draw upon the primary literature to gather and integrate relevant results to derive detailed composite models for how specific proteins function",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 543"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee. Cross-listed with CHMY 575 Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 575"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined by petition. Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material. May be repeated. Cross-listed with CHMY 594 Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 594"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-594",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-594.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 689",
    "title": "Grad Research/Instruction: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Classroom instruction associated with directed graduate research/creative activity projects . Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-689",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-689.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000024",
    "code": "BCH 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: PhD standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-690",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bch-690.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 205",
    "title": "Personal Finance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Hasn't been offered recently. Financial concepts as they apply to daily life. Basics of consumer credit, personal investment, insurance, and personal financial planning. This course may not substitute for any required business course",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-205",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative projects. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-290r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-290r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-291",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-292",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-292.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 317",
    "title": "American Financial Institutions: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Through this course students will boost their knowledge of, and interest in, the field of finance, will learn about and visit some of America's iconic financial institutions, and will learn about their own preferences for working in their chosen field of study. Non-majors will be considered if space is available. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 322",
    "title": "Business Finance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Previously taken BMGT 240IS preferred. Study of the principles of finance with emphasis on the application and integration of financial concepts in decision making",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 201",
      "ECNS 204IS",
      "ECNS 251IS",
      "STAT 216Q",
      "BMGT 240IS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192",
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000196",
      "gallatin-000197"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-322",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 357",
    "title": "Financial Markets & Institutions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Previously taken BMGT 240IS preferred. Develops a sound understanding of why financial markets and institutions exist, their roles in a capitalistic society, and how financial risk is managed most effectively. Focuses on applied analysis of financial institution risk, market operation, and products. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 201",
      "ECNS 204IS",
      "ECNS 251IS",
      "STAT 216Q",
      "BMGT 240IS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-357",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 420R",
    "title": "Investments: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course explores concepts and evidence for investment portfolio management. Topics include risk and return, asset allocation, diversification, portfolio optimization, asset pricing models, performance evaluation, and portfolio management strategies. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "BFIN 357",
      "ECNS 313",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 421",
    "title": "Real Estate Investment Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) To prepare students for careers in real estate, construction lending, real estate valuation, acquisition and asset management, and market and investment analysis. Much of the course material is also applicable to personal financial planning. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 435",
    "title": "Corporate Finance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) In-depth extension of financial management topics introduced in BFIN 322 . Topics include: risk, valuation, cost of capital, capital budgeting, capital structure, and payout policy. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "BFIN 357",
      "ECNS 313",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 452",
    "title": "International Finance: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(On demand) Not currently being offered. Focuses on the risks associated with financial management of a multinational company. Topics include: financial problems of multinational businesses, international financial environments, long-term capital commitments to international ventures, financial techniques for firm operation, and international investing. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196",
      "gallatin-000197",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-452",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 456",
    "title": "Entrepreneurial Finance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Study of corporate finance issues confronting entrepreneurial firms. Focus is on financial forecasting and assessing financial needs. Students utilize fundamental financial principles to make small-business decisions. Topics include: strategic financing, financing alternatives, financial contracting, venture valuation, real options, and risk-sharing. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "BGEN 210",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-456",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 458",
    "title": "Commercial Bank Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall or Spring depending on staffing ) Management of commercial banks, with emphasis on community banking issues. Course emphasizes measurement and control of key banking risks, methods of credit and collateral analysis, and overview of bank regulatory environment. Course includes issues in contemporary banking. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-458",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 460",
    "title": "Derivative Securities and Risk Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to derivative securities, their markets and their relation to the markets for real and financial assets. Focuses on the trading and valuation of derivative securities (futures, options, etc.), and their role in financial risk management for financial institutions and corporations. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322",
      "BFIN 357",
      "ECNS 313",
      "EIND 373",
      "ECNS 345",
      "AGBE 345",
      "EGEN 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-460",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 461",
    "title": "Portfolio Management: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students learn how to analyze a company from an investment standpoint and manage the DA Davidson Student Investment Program portfolio. Students apply portfolio theory to create an optimized version of the portfolio and compare its performance to the actual portfolio. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BFIN 322"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bfin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bfin-461",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000025",
    "code": "BFIN 490R",
    "title": "Undergrad Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. For business majors: formal admission to the College of Business. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "BFIN 530",
    "title": "Accounting and Finance for the Entrepreneur: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "BGEN 104US",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This interactive course will introduce students to the fundamentals of business and entrepreneurship. The course is designed as an overview of business including accounting and finance, marketing, management, entrepreneurship, and leadership while weaving business ethics throughout each topic. The materials encompass a broad range of industries, businesses, and issues. Intended for first year business majors; online registration reserved for business majors.",
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    "code": "BGEN 515",
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    "code": "BGEN 520",
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    "description": "(F) A professional career is a journey of guided self-discovery, growth, and fulfillment that requires focused effort. This course is designed to help students build the personal and professional development skills that they will apply over the lifetime of their career.",
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    "description": "(Sp) A professional career is a journey of guided self-discovery, growth, and fulfillment that requires focused effort. This course is designed to help students build the personal and professional development skills that they will apply over the lifetime of their career.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000026",
    "code": "BGEN 570",
    "title": "Business Law, Government, Society, and Ethics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This interdisciplinary course deals with the legal relationships between business, government, and stakeholders as well as the importance of corporate social responsibility and ethical decision making. The course introduces basic business law and emphasizes ethical behavior beyond legal requirements.",
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    "code": "BIOB 100IN",
    "title": "Organism Function: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This course examines biological origins and diversity of life on Earth, emphasizing biodiversity of principal biomes, origins of biodiversity, and exploring form, function, and adaptation of relevant biological systems, including photosynthesis, nutrition and immunity. The course also explores relevant ecological relationships among organisms with an emphasis on animals and plants. Offered fall and spring.",
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    "code": "BIOB 104",
    "title": "Scientific Thinking: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will help students develop scientific thinking skills that will help them learn science and answer questions in everyday life. The course will cover fundamental elements of scientific reasoning, such as how to test hypotheses, interpret correlations, and find hidden variables in uncontrolled experiments. In addition, this course will explore how cognitive limitations, mental biases, attitudes, political beliefs, and heuristics can interfere with rational thinking. Offered in spring.",
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    "code": "BIOB 105CS",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to an ever-growing industry. Course is designed to demonstrate the significance of biotechnology in today's world. Lecture series presented by research professors, social scientists, and industrial experts.",
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    "code": "BIOB 110CS",
    "title": "Plant Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an understanding of basic plant science principles and the related environmental components that impact society. Current questions in plant biology, agriculture, and ecology are used to develop problem-solving skills and integrative thinking.",
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    "code": "BIOB 140R",
    "title": "Honors Molecular Biology: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOB 160",
    "title": "Principles of Living Systems: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to cellular organization and function. Topics covered include synthesis and function of macromolecules, cell organelles and structure, energy transformations in living systems, respiration, photosynthesis, the cell cycle, classical genetics, molecular genetics, and biotechnology. Common final",
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    "code": "BIOB 170IN",
    "title": "Principles of Biological Diversity: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course examines the biology, ecology, and evolutionary relationships among living organisms. All forms of life will be considered, from single celled prokaryotes to multicellular eukaryotic plants and animals. Offered fall and spring.",
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    "code": "BIOB 205",
    "title": "Methods in Biotechnology: 4 Credits (4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will challenge students in the biotech major to learn a series of essential molecular techniques focusing on research and faculty interaction. The techniques learned will be highly applicable to the biotech industry, giving students a post-graduation competitive edge",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 260",
    "title": "Cellular and Molecular Biology: 5 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to biological macromolecules, cell structures and function, and gene structure and expression. The laboratory portion will include both wet labs and computer-based modules",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHMY 151"
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      "gallatin-000184",
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      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 280",
    "title": "Miracle molds, magic mushrooms: Fungi in our world: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The historical and practical significance of fungi as decayers, as pathogens, as food, and as sources of mind-altering chemicals will be emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 100",
      "BIOM 103"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 305",
    "title": "Science Communication in Ecology: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Junior standing. Assists professionals in communicating about their work and ﬁndings with a variety of audiences. Students will practice making presentations, writing short blog or news release posts, and interacting with individuals. The focus will be on writing and verbal communication, but with some discussion of visual methods including video. Offered in spring, on demand.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000027",
    "code": "BIOB 318",
    "title": "Biometry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Field Ornithology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "BIOE 421",
    "title": "Yellowstone Wildlife Ecology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) Junior standing. Basic ecology of the major animal species of the Yellowstone area and the ecological controversies surrounding their management. Offered in summer",
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    "code": "BIOE 422",
    "title": "Insect Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "BIOO 262IN",
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      "gallatin-000183"
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    "code": "BIOE 424",
    "title": "Ecology of Fungi: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course emphasizes the important and varied roles of the higher fleshy fungi in natural and managed systems, focusing on forest habitats. Fungi are the ecological backbone of many terrestrial systems, yet their ecological roles as saprophytes, symbionts, and mycorrhizal mutualists are often minimized . Both traditional techniques and more recent molecular methods will be presented at the individual, population, community, landscape, and biome levels, along with topics on fungal conservation and global change. This course consists of twice weekly sessions of two hours each for lecture, discussions, and demonstrations. One or two afternoon or morning field trips to nearby forests are required to initiate a final project .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOB 256"
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    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 427RN",
    "title": "Research in Freshwater Ecology: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is designed to expose students to the full process of designing and conducting research in freshwater ecosystems. Students will develop a research question, propose a study design, conduct field and laboratory research, and present their research in oral and written form. This course will also include a stream invertebrate collection and identification assignment. Offered in fall .",
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      "BIOE 370"
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      "gallatin-000226"
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    "code": "BIOE 428",
    "title": "Freshwater Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Junior standing. This course examines relationships between freshwater organisms and their environment. Students learn about the ecology of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and wetlands, with exposure to a wide diversity of organisms and processes. Emphasis is placed on linking basic concepts and real-world applications. Offered fall and spring",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
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      "gallatin-000183",
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "code": "BIOE 440R",
    "title": "Conservation Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) RECOMMENDED: STAT 411 . Examines issues relevant to conservation of wild populations, focusing primarily on animals. Emphasis is on approaches that use demography, population biology and genetics to address conservation questions. Approaches include empirical field studies, mathematical models, and the use of R programming for modeling and empirical analysis. Readings are from the primary literature and a textbook, including case studies. Co-convened with BIOE 521 . Offered in fall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370",
      "STAT 216Q",
      "STAT 337",
      "STAT 411",
      "BIOE 521"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 445",
    "title": "Macrosystems Ecology: Linking Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems Across Scales: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Junior standing. Advanced ecology designed to help students “put the pieces together” and understand how plants, animals, and ecosystems interact. These interactions are examined across biomes of the world to better understand general principles and to derive effective local management strategies. Offered in spring",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 455",
    "title": "Plant Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Principles of plant ecology, covering plant-environment relations, plant life histories, plant species interactions, plant community concepts, succession, and the role of plants in ecosystem processes. Offered in spring",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOE 370",
      "NRSM 240"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Maximum of 6 credits as electives in Organismal Biology Option. Offered on demand Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offering dependent upon topic. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Maximum of 6 as electives in Organismal Biology Option. Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Junior standing. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students attend and discuss seminar presentations by professional biologists. Offered in fall. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience. May be repeated, offered on demand Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Discussion of topics that integrate evolutionary theory with ecology, genetics, medicine, behavior, or other subjects that are part of the biology curriculum. Offered in fall and spring",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 513",
    "title": "Terrestrial Ecology of Plains and Prairies: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Students will develop plant keys for classroom use, quantitatively analyze two grassland communities, and develop classroom activities on grassland ecology. This course is for teachers in the MSSE program and cannot be used in graduate programs in biological sciences.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 514",
    "title": "Ecological Modeling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Interactions and feedbacks between vegetation, disturbance, and climate will be explored using biogeography and biogeochemical models. Theory and computational techniques in ecological modeling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 515",
    "title": "Landscape Ecol & Mgmt: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. Principles on landscape pattern, change, and function. Application of theory to conservation including population viability, reserve design, multiple-use landscapes. Lab introduces GIS, GPS, and simulation models. For graduate students and motivated undergraduates. Offered fall of odd years",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 517",
    "title": "Advances in Ecological Modeling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advances in numerical modelling of disturbance, demography, and ecophysiology will be introduced with lectures and applied computational examples",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 519",
    "title": "Riparian Zones/Wetlands: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Students develop plant keys for classroom use, quantitatively analyze riparian and wetland areas, and develop activities about ecology of those areas. This course is for teachers in the MSSE program and cannot be used in graduate programs in biological sciences.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 520",
    "title": "Animal Biodiversity in GYE for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course explores how animal diversity is distributed across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, why such a distribution exists, and its consequences to animal conservation. To better understand these concepts, we will visit Yellowstone National Park and its surrounding areas.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-520",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-520.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 521",
    "title": "Conservation Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) RECOMMENDED: STAT 411 A broad survey of conservation biology, emphasizing approaches related to demography/population dynamics and evolution. Less extensively considers approaches related to community/ecosystem/landscape ecology. Approaches include empirical field studies, mathematical models, using R for modeling and empirical analysis, reading primary literature, writing a research paper and presenting a research talk. Co-convened with BIOE 440. Offered in fall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370",
      "BIOB 420",
      "STAT 216Q",
      "STAT 337",
      "STAT 411",
      "BIOE 440"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-521",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-521.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 522",
    "title": "Birds of Prey: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Summer, odd years.) This course presents an in depth exploration of the basic biology, ecology, and management of raptorial bird species in the northern region of the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA). Students will explore prominent raptor species in diverse ecological communities around Bozeman, Montana.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-522",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 523",
    "title": "Wildlife Ecology: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This Field Course investigates the biology, ecology, and management of important wildlife species in the northern and central portions of Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Students practice techniques used to study prominent wildlife that inhabit the diverse ecological communities of YNP.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 524",
    "title": "Frontiers in Landscape Ecology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Offered Fall of even years. Students and instructor will write a scientific paper for publication that synthesizes an important question in landscape ecology. Students will select the topic, review and synthesize current knowledge on the topic, and write a scientific manuscript",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 526",
    "title": "Symbiosis for Teachers: Eat, Prey, Love: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is designed for K-12 teachers who will participate in the process of science and develop creative and critical reasoning skills. The course provides an effective way to integrate instructional scientific strategies while studying symbiotic relationships in living organisms.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 527",
    "title": "Teaching Evolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The primary goal of this course is to change how evolution is taught. This course is designed to provide students with the knowledge, skills, and resources they need to teach evolution effectively. Students will learn why evolution is the fundamental concept that under-lies all life sciences. Students will acquire tools for making evolution relevant to the science classroom and students' lives and the background knowledge for addressing student misconceptions. Offered Fall.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 532",
    "title": "Physiological Plant Ecol: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, even years. The goal of this course is to expose students to the fundamental theories of plant physiological ecology, ranging from biochemistry at the leaf scale to energy balance at the ecosystem scale. The lab is designed to expose students to the key instruments in this discipline. Offered fall of even years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 534",
    "title": "Vegetation Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Considers the composition, structure, function, distribution in time and space, ecology and classification of communities. Emphasizes universal methods, current studies and Rocky Mountain systems. Complementary field experience is available in BIOE 408",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOE 370",
      "BIOE 408"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 535",
    "title": "Topics in Biodiversity & Nature's Services: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, even years. The diversity of plants and animals that is a unique feature of our planet plays an important role in regulating ecosystem functions and services. In this course, we explore the various ways that the diversity of living organisms influences community structure, productivity, geomorphological and hydrological regimes, and nutrient cycling. Using a variety of research approaches, from primary literature to podcasts, we investigate the foundations of the biodiversity ecosystem function and services field as well as the current state of knowledge across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater ecosystems. Offered spring of even years Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 536",
    "title": "A Study of Local Ecosystems for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course investigates ecological principles as students perform field studies of their local ecosystem. Students will also create lessons based on their findings for their respective K-12 teaching assignments or future assignments if not currently in the classroom.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 540",
    "title": "Analysis of Ecological Communities: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Multivariate statistical analysis of data from terrestrial or aquatic, plant or animal communities. Classification, ordination, and predictive modeling of species and communities, emphasizing a hands-on approach and practical problem solving in community ecology. Offered spring of even years.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 542",
    "title": "Community Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, odd years. Focuses on the origin, maintenance, and consequences of biological diversity within local communities by examining studies of natural patterns, explorations of mathematical models and direct experimentation. The complexities of species interactions are explored in multi species assemblages. Offered spring of odd years",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 548",
    "title": "Conservation Genetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the application of genetics for the conservation of plant and animal populations. Emphasis will be placed on case studies from the primary literature and analyzing genetic data using mathematical models developed in class. Co-convened with BIOB 480 . Offered in fall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 375",
      "BIOH 320",
      "BIOB 420",
      "STAT 216Q",
      "BIOB 480"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 554",
    "title": "Foundations of Ecology & Mgmt: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course explores the origin, maturation, and application of core principles in ecology. Students gain an appreciation for the scope of ecology, how theory and application are linked, and how big ideas in ecology have matured (or not) over time. Offered in fall.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 555",
    "title": "Communication in Ecol Sciences: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will require students to gain experience presenting scientific information in a variety of communication methods. Offered in spring",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 585",
    "title": "Exploring Biology for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course introduces teachers to major concepts in biology and focuses on biomolecules, biochemical processes, genetics, and evolution. Participants engage in the construction of new knowledge about biology topics and discover how to incorporate that learning in the K-12 classroom.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-590",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offering dependent upon topic. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "BIOE 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 593",
    "title": "Alpine Ecology for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Summer, odd years.) This course investigates how altitude affects the structure, function and evolution of alpine and sub-alpine plants and animals. Data will be gathered illustrating how constraints structure sub-alpine and alpine ecosystems in both ecological and evolutionary time.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offering dependent on topic. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing & presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 595",
    "title": "Ecology and Conservation of the World's Marine Ecosystems for Teachers: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course helps students gain a broad understanding of the structure and function of the world's marine ecosystems and a broad knowledge of the major conservation issues in the oceans including climate change, overfishing, coral reef loss, and ocean acidification.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 596",
    "title": "Land Use Issues in GYE for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The course explores the relationship between human impacts and ecosystem functions. By examining how human endeavors intersect with wildlife migration patterns, students discover the challenges and opportunities for conservation and sustainable land management practices in southwest Montana.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 597",
    "title": "Ecology of Trout Steams for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Summer, even years.) Montana is home to world-renowned trout streams, and this course is designed to delve into how trout and trout streams function and some of the current issues surrounding their management. The course content will include principles and techniques for studying trout and trout streams in the laboratory and the field. This course will combine laboratory lectures and exercises with day-long field visits to area streams to collect aquatic insects, conduct habitat analyses, and view various types of stream management practices. On one field trip, students will don wet suits and directly observe trout behavior.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioe/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 599",
    "title": "Winter Ecology in Yellowstone National Park: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) Students learn the theoretical underpinnings of ecological interactions and link these theories to real-world ecology. Through a mix of class and field work, students move from foundational theory, to hands-on field work and data collection, to the basics of analyses.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000028",
    "code": "BIOE 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioe-690",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 104IN",
    "title": "Basic Human Biology w/lab: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This one-semester course focuses on learning scientific principles and a general understanding of human functional anatomy and physiological processes. Course material will cover several body systems including the skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems and how they contribute to homeostasis of the body.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 112",
    "title": "Human Form & Function I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Human anatomy, physiology, and pathology; including etiology, prognosis, medical treatment, signs and symptoms of diseases of respiratory, endocrine, excretory, and reproductive systems. Proper diet and nutrition guidelines are also addressed. This course will focus on the key elements of anatomy and physiology necessary for students in allied health professions, specifically those who will work the areas of community health, health enhancement education, health promotion, and kinesiology. The aim of this course is for students to demonstrate working knowledge of the muscular, skeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, and to demonstrate an understanding of the endocrine and digestive systems and body metabolism.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 113",
    "title": "Human Form and Function II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Human anatomy, physiology, and pathology; including etiology, prognosis, medical treatment, signs and symptoms of diseases of muscular, skeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, and lymphatic systems.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 185",
    "title": "Integrated Physiology I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "How the human body works. For students planning to be health professionals. Includes basic cellular mechanisms, physiological control and communications. Major topics include muscle, nerve, respiratory, renal and cardiovascular systems. Cadaver laboratory will cover related human anatomy",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 201",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Pre-Nursing students only. Introductory course covering general principles of cell and tissue biology that apply to all living systems. Structure and function of skeletal, muscular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Homeostasis, control, and integration of the human body will be emphasized. Laboratory will cover related systems via virtual labs and models",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 121IN",
      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 211",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology II: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Pre-Nursing students only. Introductory course covering structure and function of digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary systems of humans. Principles of integration, metabolism, energy flow, and homeostasis will be emphasized. Laboratory will cover related systems via virtual labs and models",
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      "BIOH 201"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 287",
    "title": "Intermediate Human Phys I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "General principles of cell and tissue biology; function of skeletal, muscular, nervous, and endocrine systems. Homeostasis, control, and integration of the human body will be emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 121IN",
      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 288",
    "title": "Intermediate Human Phys II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 201"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Spring 2016 Topic: Global Health. Survey the historical and emerging trends in health issues around the world. Develop a fluency in what health issues are occurring in the various regions around the globe. Establish a basic knowledge of the culture, environment, politics and geography of key global regions.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioh/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 303",
    "title": "Global Diseases and Health Disparities: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Survey the historical and emerging trends in health issues around the world. Develop a fluency in what health issues are occurring in the various regions around the globe. Establish a basic knowledge of the culture, environment, politics and geography of key global regions. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioh/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 305",
    "title": "Human Skeletal Biology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will offer students the opportunity to experience a comprehensive, investigative, and analytical study of the human skeleton. Topics will include histology, physiology, bone development, biomechanics, identification and interpretation of skeletal structures, and a study of pathology and trauma. Offered every even spring semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 201"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 320",
    "title": "Biomedical Genetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to fundamental principles of eukaryotic molecular genetics. Emphasis on the genetics of the major model organisms of biomedical research and how they are exploited to understand human biology and disease",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 260",
      "BIOB 160"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000184",
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 365",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology I for Health Professions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Open to all non-nursing majors. This two-semester sequence of A&P courses serves the needs of students on health professions tracks. Therefore, these courses are designed to provide opportunities for students to gain a sound understanding of the fundamental structures and the operations of each of the major systems of the human/mammalian body. The primary goal is for students to familiarize themselves with the specialized vocabulary used in this realm of science, as well as to develop an understanding of the functional mechanisms, which operate within each system of the body",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 121IN"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 366",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology I for Health Professions Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Open to non-nursing majors. This two-semester sequence of A&P courses serves the needs of students on health professions tracks. Therefore, these courses are designed to provide opportunities for students to gain a sound understanding of the fundamental structures and the operations of each of the major systems of the human/mammalian body. The primary goal is for students to familiarize themselves with the specialized vocabulary used in this realm of science, as well as to develop an understanding of the functional mechanisms, which operate within each system of the body .",
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      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 142"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 370",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology II for Health Professions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Open to non-nursing majors. This two-semester sequence of A&P courses serves the needs of students on health professions tracks. Therefore, these courses are designed to provide opportunities for students to gain a sound understanding of the fundamental structures and the operations of each of the major systems of the human/mammalian body. The primary goal is for students to familiarize themselves with the specialized vocabulary used in this realm of science, as well as to develop an understanding of the functional mechanisms, which operate within each system of the body",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 365",
      "BIOH 366"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 371",
    "title": "Human Anatomy and Physiology II for Health Professions Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Open to non-nursing majors. This two-semester sequence of A&P courses serves the needs of students on health professions tracks. Therefore, these courses are designed to provide opportunities for students to gain a sound understanding of the fundamental structures and the operations of each of the major systems of the human/mammalian body. The primary goal is for students to familiarize themselves with the specialized vocabulary used in this realm of science, as well as to develop an understanding of the functional mechanisms, which operate within each system of the body .",
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      "BIOH 365"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 405",
    "title": "Hematology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A study of the function, biochemistry, cell biology, and pathology of blood and its constituents.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioh/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 406",
    "title": "Hematology Laboratory: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Methods of examining white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Also included is the examination of abnormal blood cells, hemostasis, and florescent antibody cell sorting analysis",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bioh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bioh-406",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 409",
    "title": "Advanced Human Torso Anatomy: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Advanced Human Torso Anatomy covers thorax, abdomen, pelvis and perineal anatomy, emphasizing topography and three dimensional relations. Instruction will be based on student dissections of human cadavers, with lectures covering structure and function, as well as pathology typically encountered in the dissection laboratory. Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology. Co-convened with BIOH 509",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 211",
      "BIOH 509"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 411",
    "title": "Advanced Human Appendicular Anatomy: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Covers back, extremities and joint anatomy, emphasizing topography and three dimensional relations. Instruction will be based on student dissections of human cadavers, with lectures covering structure and function, as well as pathology typically encountered in the dissection laboratory. Class can fulfill 4 upper division honor credits",
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      "gallatin-000227"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 420",
    "title": "Molecular Genetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will focus on the use of current molecular genetic methods in biomedical research for editing and functionally analyzing eukaryotic genomes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 320"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000184"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 422",
    "title": "Genes and Cancer: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will focus on the molecular and cellular mechanism of human cancer. The role of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in normal and cancerous cells will be examined, with an emphasis on how mutations in certain genes results in altered cell-cell signaling and cell proliferation. The role of genetic mutation in breast, colorectal and lymphoma cancers will be discussed, along with new technologies to detect and treat these cancers",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000184",
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 423",
    "title": "Human Developmental Biology: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduction to cell signaling and morphogenetic processes that establish the basic vertebrate body plan. Regulation of gene expression in the context of embryonic development. Includes hands-on study of chicken and frog embryos",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000184",
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000029",
    "code": "BIOH 431",
    "title": "Student Assistant Training for Advanced Human Torso Anatomy (BIOH 409): 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides deeper contact with BIOH 409 curriculum for those considering an academic profession. Course experience in BIOH 409 teaching laboratory under detailed academic supervision in recognition that teaching enhances learning. Includes the preparation (including dissection), organization, presentation of materials, and student evaluation",
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      "BIOH 409"
    ],
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    "code": "BIOH 690",
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    "code": "BIOL 510",
    "title": "Topics in Neurobiology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOL 588",
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    "description": "Courses offered on a one time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "BIOM 101",
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    "description": "The course introduces students to educational and career opportunities in the fields of medical, molecular, ecological, and environmental microbiology. The course introduces students to the various options in the microbiology degree program. It will emphasize the differences in the options and the employment opportunities in each once a degree has been obtained.",
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    "code": "BIOM 103IN",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Beneficial and harmful effects of microorganisms on individual health, public health, food and water quality; are relevant to an informed citizen of the 21st century. Current news topics and historical perspectives are emphasized. Laboratory exercises investigate microbial activity in our everyday world.",
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    "code": "BIOM 107CS",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to uses of biological molecules for improving health and agriculture. Gene therapy and DNA fingerprinting are discussed in relation to social/moral issues. Intent of course is to help students develop a rational approach to evaluate cost/benefits of biotechnology to society.",
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    "code": "BIOM 250",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOM 251",
    "title": "Microbiology for Health Sciences Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The course is designed to give students practical experience in the growth of microorganisms, primarily bacteria, including methods for identification and characterization of important pathogens. The lab includes safe handling procedures, spills, disposal, and personal protective equipment",
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      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "BIOM 290R",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOM 291",
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    "code": "BIOM 292",
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    "code": "BIOM 360",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction to major topics and subdisciplines in microbiology including microbial diversity and classification, microbial anatomy and physiology, microbial genetics, microbial ecology, medical microbiology and immunology, epidemiology and public health, and biotechnology",
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      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "BIOM 363",
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    "code": "BIOM 365",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines the science of Astrobiology focused on the origin, evolution, and distribution of life in the universe. Topics that will be discussed include the origin of life, habitability, evolution, intelligence, and the search for life beyond Earth",
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      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260",
      "BIOM 360",
      "ERTH 101IN",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 400",
    "title": "Medical Microbiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "BIOB 410",
      "BIOM 435"
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      "gallatin-000212"
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    "code": "BIOM 404",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOM 405",
    "title": "Host-Associated Microbiomes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will introduce students to the microbial ecosystems that colonize human and animal hosts, detailing their essential roles in host nutrition, health and development. Students will also be exposed to modern molecular techniques used to study these systems",
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      "BIOM 360",
      "BIOB 160",
      "CHMY 123",
      "BCH 380",
      "BCH 441",
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    "code": "BIOM 410",
    "title": "Microbial Genetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The students will become familiar with concepts in microbial genetics, including DNA replication, RNA, and protein biosynthesis. Other concepts covered in the course include bacteriophage and plasmid biology, gene regulation, mobile genetic elements, and the fundamentals of genetic engineering",
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      "BIOM 360",
      "BCH 380",
      "BCH 441",
      "BCH 442"
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    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 415",
    "title": "Microbial Diversity, Ecology, and Evolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "BIOM 360"
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      "gallatin-000184"
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    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 419",
    "title": "Programming for Biologists: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce computer programming languages commonly used in the biological sciences, including Python, R, and command line driven applications. Common commands in each programming language/application will be covered in the context of biological problem-solving using manipulation and analysis of large datasets.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-419",
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    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 421",
    "title": "Concepts of Plant Pathology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introductory course in the study of plant diseases. Includes plant pathogens, etiology of disease, and various control strategies",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 110CS",
      "BIOO 220"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000183"
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-421",
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    "code": "BIOM 423",
    "title": "Mycology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": ". This course surveys the immense diversity of fungi, including all major groups with emphasis on structures, life cycles, identification, and ecology. It provides a basis of knowledge for the rapidly expanding relevance of fungi in research, medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and industry. This course is co-convened with BIOM 523",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 100IN",
      "BIOB 110CS",
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOM 103IN"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 425",
    "title": "Toxicology: Science of Poisons: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is appropriate for pre-med, health professional, and environmental science majors. Topics include history principles, and mechanisms of toxicology, disposition of toxicants, chemical carcinogens, target organ toxicity, clinical and environmental toxicology. Co-convened with MB 527 .",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-425",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-425.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 426",
    "title": "Advanced Plant Pathology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) Advanced Plant Pathology is a course designed to introduce students to the principles and practice of plant pathology in agriculture, horticulture, silviculture, and urban environments. The course considers the causes, diagnosis, biology, epidemiology, and management of plant diseases and emphasizes understanding, creativity, and problem-solving ability",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/biom/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-426.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 427",
    "title": "General Parasitology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Recommend BCH 380 or BCH 441 or BCH 442 ; credit cannot be applied towards major requirements for both BIOM 427 and BIOM 441 . Study of the life cycles, biochemistry, molecular parasitology, pathogenesis, identification and treatment of the major parasitic groups, including parasitic protozoa, monogeneans, digeneneans, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, and parasitic arthropods",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOM 360",
      "BCH 380",
      "BCH 441",
      "BCH 442"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/biom/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-427",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-427.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 430",
    "title": "Applied and Environmental Microbiology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course introduces students to complex concepts in water microbiology, food microbiology, sterility and disinfection, the use of microorganisms in manufacturing processes and in the degradation of contaminates in the environment",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOM 360"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/biom/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-430",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-430.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 431",
    "title": "Medical Bacteriology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course considers the nature of the agents of bacterial infectious disease; the etiology, signs, symptoms, pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, epidemiology, and prevention of specific diseases. The major objective is for students to gain an understanding of bacteria that cause disease in humans",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOM 360",
      "BIOB 410"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/biom/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-431",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-431.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 432",
    "title": "Med Bacteriology Lab: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Laboratory methods designed to teach techniques used in culturing and identifying bacterial pathogens and normal flora from clinical specimens. Procedures used to test the antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOM 360"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/biom/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-432",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/biom-432.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000031",
    "code": "BIOM 435",
    "title": "Virology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Fundamentals of virology with emphasis on animal viruses of medical importance. Molecular aspects of structure, replication transmission and host response to viral infection will be covered",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "BIOM 441",
    "title": "Eukaryotic Pathogens: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The study of medically important parasite and fungal pathogens. Covers the biology, taxonomy, host/parasite relationships, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of protozoan and helminth parasites; as well as of pathogenic fungi; with laboratory procedures in fungal isolation and identification",
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      "BCH 380"
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    "code": "BIOM 450",
    "title": "Microbial Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "BCH 441",
      "BCH 442",
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    "code": "BIOM 452",
    "title": "Soil & Environmental Microbiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "ENSC 245IN"
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    "code": "BIOM 455R",
    "title": "Research Mthds in Microbiology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Fundamentals of research methodology for undergraduate and graduate students in microbiology and related disciplines. Theory and application of techniques, reagents, and instrumentation will be emphasized in the lecture and laboratory. The emphasis in the course will be on recombinant DNA methodology, and the safe and effective use of radioisotopes Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
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      "gallatin-000184"
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    "code": "BIOM 457R",
    "title": "Research Methods in Immunology: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "BIOM 465",
    "title": "Plant-Pathogen Interactions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOM 475R",
    "title": "Preveterinary Internship: 2-4 Credits (2-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOM 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
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    "title": "Educational Methods: Microbiology: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Instruction and practice in effective teaching methods; practice in preparing laboratory materials, assisting a class and grading",
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    "code": "BIOM 498R",
    "title": "Microbiology and Biotechnology Internships: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field.",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
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      "BIOM 360"
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    "code": "BIOM 523",
    "title": "Mycology for Graduates: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "BIOO 162CS",
    "title": "Insects and Human Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Whether fighting for our food, spreading disease, or scaring us in our basement – insects intersect with our lives at every turn. In this course, we will explore the curiosities of the natural world and demystify the scientific process through the tiny lens of insects.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
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  {
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    "code": "BIOO 220",
    "title": "General Botany: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on organisms that possess plastid organelles in all their cells, and investigates their function (physiology, biochemistry), diversity, life cycles, and environmental adaptations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 170IN"
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  {
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    "code": "BIOO 230",
    "title": "Identification of Seed Plants: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Identification of conifers, trees and shrubs, and herbaceous seed plants; determination by use of manuals; vocabulary, classification and nomenclature; and preparation and collection of seed plant specimens. Offered in spring",
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      "BIOB 170IN"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 262IN",
    "title": "Introduction to Entomology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "BIOB 170IN"
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      "gallatin-000183"
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  {
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    "code": "BIOO 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
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    "code": "BIOO 310",
    "title": "Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) A comparative study of organ systems of vertebrates. Laboratory utilizes representative vertebrate types",
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      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOB 258"
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      "gallatin-000185"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 315",
    "title": "Aquatic Insects: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce students to the evolution, biology, ecology and classification of aquatic insects. This course will provide basic skills to identify and collect aquatic insects, as well as curating an aquatic insect collection. Students will also gain an understanding of the ecology and evolution of aquatic insects",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOE 370"
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    "code": "BIOO 412",
    "title": "Animal Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260"
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      "gallatin-000183",
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000198"
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    "code": "BIOO 415",
    "title": "Ichthyology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Junior standing. Characteristics, classification, evolution, and life histories of major groups of marine and freshwater fishes, with an emphasis on North American freshwater fauna. Laboratory emphasizes identification, morphology, life history, and distribution of Montana species. Offered in spring",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 310",
      "BIOO 412"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 418",
    "title": "Ecological Physiology of Aquatic Organisms: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Provides a strong foundation on the physiological processes and systems that drive organismal responses to changes within the ecosystems they inhabit, with an emphasis on aquatic organisms. Students will learn to perform and interpret physiological measurements as well as read and discuss current scientific literature that connects physiology with wildlife management and conservation biology. Offered in the fall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 412"
    ],
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    "code": "BIOO 433",
    "title": "Plant Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "CHMY 211",
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 123"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000198"
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    "code": "BIOO 435",
    "title": "Plant Systematics: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Lab concentrates on plant identification of common angiosperm plant families in Montana; preparation of about 120 reference specimens taken from the local flora",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "BIOO 230"
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      "gallatin-000184"
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    "code": "BIOO 437",
    "title": "Plant Development: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course studies the specific plant functions allowing a zygote to develop into an embryo. It further analyzes development of the embryo into a vegetatively growing plant, then a process known as 'floral transition' allowing the plant to \"switch\" from vegetative to reproductive growth, and finally investigates the formation of floral organs allowing completion of the plant's life cycle -Department of Plant Sciences/Plant Pathology.",
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      "BIOO 220",
      "BCH 380"
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  {
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    "code": "BIOO 460",
    "title": "Plant Metabolism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In-depth overview of plant metabolism: photosynthesis including C4 and CAM pathways; intermediary carbon metabolism (sucrose and starch synthesis and degradation); lipids; nitrogen and sulfur assimilation and metabolism; amino acid biosynthesis; secondary metabolism (terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 220",
      "BCH 380"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 465",
    "title": "Insect Identification: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The identification of insects and related terrestrial arthropods. Evolutionary patterns reflected in modern insect diversity will be used to illustrate classification methods. Taxonomic methods will be used as an access to information retrieval",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 262IN",
      "BIOB 100IN",
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 170IN"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000183"
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    "code": "BIOO 470",
    "title": "Ornithology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Junior standing. Evolution, functional biology, distribution, and classification of birds. Montana species recognition is developed through laboratory use of a representative skin collection. Offered in the spring",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 310"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 475",
    "title": "Mammalogy: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Junior standing. Evolution, functional biology, distribution, and classification of mammals. Labs cover taxonomy and identification of representative forms with a focus on Montana species. Offered in fall",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 310"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 537",
    "title": "Plant Development: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Note that 'consent of instructor' may be the rule rather than the exception, as many graduate students will have attended similar classes at other universities. This course studies the specific plant functions allowing a zygote to develop into an embryo. It further analyzes development of the embryo into a vegetatively growing plant, then a process known as 'floral transition' allowing the plant to \"switch\" from vegetative to reproductive growth, and finally investigates the formation of floral organs allowing completion of the plant's life cycle",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 220",
      "BCH 380"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 560",
    "title": "Plant Metabolism: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In-depth overview of plant metabolism: photosynthesis including C4 and CAM pathways; intermediary carbon metabolism (sucrose and starch synthesis and degradation); lipids; nitrogen and sulfur assimilation and metabolism; amino acid biosynthesis; secondary metabolism (terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOO 220",
      "BCH 380"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000032",
    "code": "BIOO 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
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    "code": "BMGT 205",
    "title": "Prof Business Communication: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000195"
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    "code": "BMGT 210",
    "title": "Small Business Entrepreneurship: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will provide an entrepreneurial learning experience that is grounded in collaborations and dynamic problem-solving opportunities. Through student-driven projects, participants will move through the basic building blocks of conceptualizing and starting a business.",
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    "code": "BMGT 215",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides a vast overview of the essential functions in Human Resource Management. Ideal for entrepreneurs and management/executives or those interested in learning more about the Human Resource profession. This course focuses on subject areas of the Human Resource function within a business for strategic planning, ethical and legal responsibilities, recruitment and staffing plans, employee development, compensation and benefits, safety and health, and employee and labor relations. Once complete, this course will provide comprehensive, best-practice techniques for managing Human Resource within real-world environments and situations.",
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    "code": "BMGT 235",
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    "code": "BMGT 240IS",
    "title": "Business Analytics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Provides students with skills and knowledge necessary for the research process and the application of quantitative research methods to analyze business problems. Includes confidence intervals, hypotheses testing, correlation, and multiple regression. Statistical analysis is performed using statistical software",
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    "code": "BMGT 322",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) For business majors: BMIS 211 or CAPP 156 , and STAT 216Q . For non-business majors: consent of instructor. Introduction to the topics and methods of production and operations management. Emphasis is given to critical thinking, business analyses and computer modeling. Application areas include accounting, finance, marketing, and management",
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    "code": "BMGT 329",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The functions and tools used in procurement, development, compensation, integration, and maintenance of human resources and their impact on the effective attainment of organizational goals. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "BGEN 361"
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    "description": "(F, Sp) . An applied course, focused on in-depth skill building for managing oneself and others. Students examine and develop their capabilities to drive positive organizational outcomes and employee experiences. Topics include leadership, motivation, personality, well-being, problem-solving, and empowerment. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
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    "code": "BMGT 405",
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    "description": "(On Demand) Includes important concepts, methodologies, and tools related to supply chain management and business analytics (i.e., descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analytics) from a managerial perspective. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "EIND 458"
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to negotiation theories and skills to help students practice and improve this essential area of business and personal competence. Taught primarily through discussion and in-class exercises that allow students to gain experience and confidence as negotiators. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
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      "gallatin-000194",
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    "code": "BMGT 410",
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      "BMKT 325"
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      "gallatin-000226"
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    "code": "BMGT 448",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "BFIN 322",
      "BGEN 210"
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    "code": "BMGT 461",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "BFIN 322",
      "BGEN 210",
      "BMGT 463"
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      "gallatin-000194",
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    "title": "Entrepreneurial Experience: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Real-world experience in projects that assist area entrepreneurs. Students will work with these new ventures to solve their management, marketing, finance and other business problems. The content of the problems will depend on the needs of the client businesses. Students taking both BMGT 461 and BMGT 463 are encouraged to take BMGT 461 prior to BMGT 463 , and to not take the courses concurrently. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
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    "code": "BMGT 464",
    "title": "International Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Description of the challenges which the global context poses to business managers. Examination of the elements of international environments and illustration of their effects on management practices and how management deals with such forces. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "BMGT 335"
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      "gallatin-000197",
      "gallatin-000218"
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    "code": "BMGT 466",
    "title": "Team and Process Facilitation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Applied management course building skills for designing, facilitating, and documenting group problem solving processes. Course focuses on teamwork, including theories and tools for managing conflict, managing change, setting goals, clarifying roles, and analyzing and engaging stakeholders to address complex problems. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "BMGT 366"
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    "code": "BMGT 469",
    "title": "Community Entrepreneurship & Nonprofit Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Engages students in entrepreneurial thinking and the application of business strategies to address community and societal issues. Students develop and strengthen their practical understanding of business concepts, leadership skills and management capacities as they relate to effective nonprofit management. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "gallatin-000194",
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    "code": "BMGT 475R",
    "title": "Management Research Experience: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students plan and execute a research project related to management theory or practice, including identifying a research question/hypothesis, reviewing the literature, developing the approach, and collecting/analyzing/interpreting data. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "BMGT 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "BMGT 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "description": "PREREQUISITES: Formal admission to the College of Business, consent of instructor and course prerequisites as determined for each offering Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "BMGT 492",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 494",
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    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "BMGT 535",
    "title": "Applied Data Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course reviews practical applications of data analytics and how they can improve business efficiency, effectiveness, and decision making. Topics include predictive, prescriptive, and diagnostic analytics, as well as how to visualize and communicate results.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 560",
    "title": "Innovation and Technology Strategy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This is the MSIM core strategic management course. It introduces fundamental concepts and models relevant to organizational strategy, innovation management, and planning for disruption and change, including current and upcoming business trends in technological change and sustainability.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmgt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 565",
    "title": "Operations and Supply Chain Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course introduces students to state-of-the-art techniques to design, control, and manage supply chain systems. Students learn how companies use scientific principles to make strategic operations and supply chain decisions rather than gut feelings and intuition.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmgt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 570",
    "title": "Leading for Influence: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) As soon-to-be business leaders and managers in their respective fields this course builds the foundational groundwork to help students prepare for the challenges of cross-functional leadership.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000033",
    "code": "BMGT 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmgt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000034",
    "code": "BMIS 211",
    "title": "Data Analytics I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Students acquire skills to build data models in spreadsheet software as personal and professional decision support tools. Students also analyze model output to make effective decisions",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000192",
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000196"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmis/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmis-211",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmis-211.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000034",
    "code": "BMIS 311",
    "title": "Management Information Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A survey of the uses of information in organizational management, with emphasis on strategic systems and systems to support managerial decision making. Students apply concepts in practical application projects using currently available software",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMIS 211",
      "ACTG 201"
    ],
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    "code": "BMIS 312",
    "title": "Data Analytics II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Sources of organizational data, data cleaning and transformation, and tools and techniques to conduct effective descriptive data analysis and visualization for purposes of organizational decision making. Emphasis is on application of tools and interpretation of analysis. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 216Q",
      "BMIS 211",
      "CAPP 156"
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    "code": "BMIS 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-5 Credits ()",
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    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand.",
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    "code": "BMKT 112",
    "title": "Applied Sales: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will provide the foundation for understanding sales. Students will understand the tactics for researching prospects, identifying and qualifying leads, and methods for successful negotiation with customers. Particular attention will be paid to understanding mindset and habits to succeed in sales situations in a small business setting.",
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    "code": "BMKT 225",
    "title": "Marketing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will learn and understand marketing, the process through which organizations analyze, plan, implement, and control programs to develop and maintain beneficial exchanges with target buyers. This course covers fundamental marketing terminology, concepts and strategies including product development, consumer behavior, research, target markets, pricing, channels of distribution, promotion and marketing plans. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "BMKT 240",
    "title": "Advertising: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course students will examine how advertising contributes to the overall success of marketing a product, service or organization. Professionals in advertising need to understand how communication goals are achieved through understanding the target audience and ensuring appropriate messages are delivered through strategically selected media channels. Students will display an understanding of the strengths and weakness of each communication channel and why it is critical to developing an effective advertising plan. Participants will apply readings to be able to critically evaluate the advertising channels and develop a plan based on a hypothetical budget and target audience.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "BMKT 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-292",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 325",
    "title": "Principles of Marketing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Marketing management decision-making in the product, price, promotion, and distribution areas. The behavioral, legal, ethical, competitive, technological, and economic environments as they affect decisions in the domestic and international organization",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000197"
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    "code": "BMKT 337",
    "title": "Consumer Behavior: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Application of behavioral sciences to understanding human behavior in the market place. Emphasis on culture and subculture, social class, reference group, family, attitudes, perception, motivation, personality, and learning theory on consumer and marketing management decisions. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000195"
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    "code": "BMKT 342R",
    "title": "Marketing Research: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The application of scientific research methods to marketing problems. The emphasis is on survey design and data analysis for market segmentation studies. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMGT 240IS",
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000195"
    ],
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    "code": "BMKT 343",
    "title": "Integrated Marketing Communication: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Explores the use of advertising, sales promotion, Internet, electronic media, and personal selling as methods for promoting goods and services. Taught from the perspective of the marketing manager, with emphasis on the theory, strategy, and tactics of promotion. College of Business. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 406",
    "title": "Advertising Campaign Development: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Graphic design students GDSN 223 and GDSN 224 with consent of instructor. Students enter the National Student Advertising Competition. The interdisciplinary team of business and graphic design students answers a brief from a national corporation to develop a complete advertising campaign that includes primary research, marketing strategy, media selection, creative development and producing video/digital/print executions Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GDSN 223",
      "GDSN 224"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 420",
    "title": "Integrated Online Marketing: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Through readings, case studies and hands-on projects, students will come away with an understanding of the basics of digital marketing and analytics. Students will be exposed to such topics as email marketing, user experience design, social and paid media, search engine optimization (SEO), basic website design and maintenance, mobile marketing and online analytics. Technology platforms may include WordPress, UserTesting.com, Google Analytics + Data Studio, AdWords, Facebook Audience Insights, and a variety of specialized tools employed in industry. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000195"
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    "code": "BMKT 436",
    "title": "Sales and Sales Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Focus on sales and sales management in a business-to-business and business-to-consumer setting. Students will develop personal, technical, and management skills as they learn selling techniques, practice and develop personal selling skills, and use Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000195"
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 441",
    "title": "International Marketing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) International economic, financial, cultural, political, and legal environment; marketing research, market segmentation and positioning issues analyzed primarily from a global perspective. Global strategies and organizational designs described and analyzed as related to foreign market entry, sourcing, product development, pricing, promotion, logistics and distribution, and export-import management. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000197"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 444",
    "title": "Retail Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The application of marketing theory to retail management problems. Topics include structure of the retail industry and nature of competition; merchandise planning, budgeting and control; and pricing and location theory. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000194"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 446",
    "title": "Marketing for Entrepreneurs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Examines the unique marketing challenges faced by start-up organizations. New firms are often resource constrained. As a result, penetrating markets dominated by larger competitors with new and innovative products and services requires different marketing tactics. Markets are undefined and establishing primary demand for a new product category may be required. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000195"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-446",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 447",
    "title": "Marketing Mix and Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students learn the basics of design and graphics standards in support of the marketing mix, with an emphasis on promotional aspects of the mix, such as logos, advertising, websites, and other key promotions while gaining fundamental technical and aesthetic skills. Design programs such as Photoshop, Illustrator, and InDesign will be introduced and applied to marketing strategies as students consider how to communicate visually to key audiences. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 480",
    "title": "Advanced Marketing Analytics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Business majors only. This course is designed to introduce students to algorithms used in marketing. Students will get hands-on training in algorithms with applications in segmentation, positioning, sentiment analysis of customer reviews, forecasting, and market-basket analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 484",
    "title": "Internet Marketing Practicum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Internet Marketing Practicum introduces students to one of the most important and fastest growing sectors in marketing – Internet advertising. Students manage live Google Ads campaigns working with nonprofit clients using real money, gathering actual data to make strategic marketing decisions. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325",
      "BMKT 337",
      "BMKT 343",
      "BMKT 420"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 485",
    "title": "Applied Marketing Strategy: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The American Marketing Association Collegiate Case Competition brings together top business and design students to work on a marketing challenge submitted by a sponsoring organization. The case sponsor provides a detailed marketing problem for which it seeks to gain the perspective of AMA’s best students, who will compete by developing a marketing strategy in a nationally recognized competition. Students will spend the fall semester working on the marketing plan for the annual case sponsor. BMKT 337 , BMKT 342, and BMKT 343 are not formal prerequisites, but it is beneficial if students have taken those courses. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325",
      "BMKT 337",
      "BMKT 342",
      "BMKT 343"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. For business majors: Formal admission to the College of Business. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-491",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Not to be used as a substitute for a required course Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics offered at the upper-division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-494.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 499",
    "title": "Senior Capstone: Marketing Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The content of previous marketing courses is applied using the case method to solve marketing problems. Emphasis is on marketing strategy and implementation. Online registration reserved for business majors & other majors for whom this course is a degree requirement. Other interested students email business@montana.edu to request registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BMKT 325"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-499",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-499.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 580",
    "title": "New Product Innovation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This class introduces students to the entrepreneurial journey including inspiration, ideation, idea screening, concept development, prototyping, business analysis, product development, and pre-launch testing. The final deliverable is a viable product including a prototype and a formal pitch to prospective investors.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-580.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 585",
    "title": "New Product Introduction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) New Product Introduction provides students with practical experience in defining and applying successful go-to-market strategies and marketing-related decision making to develop an action-based strategic marketing plan for a new product or service introduction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-585",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-585.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000035",
    "code": "BMKT 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bmkt/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bmkt-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000036",
    "code": "BREN 570",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. Directed graduate research and study of architectural, urban design or historic preservation issues on an individual basis Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bren/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bren-570",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bren-570.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000036",
    "code": "BREN 580",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/bren/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/bren-580",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/bren-580.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000037",
    "code": "CAA 290R",
    "title": "Collaborative Rsch/Creative: 1-4 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Intended for lower division undergraduate research and creative projects undertaken in an interdisciplinary team format. The student will work closely with students and faculty colleagues seeking creative project solutions while exploring innovative methods of collaborative problem solving. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/caa/",
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    "code": "CAA 310",
    "title": "The Art of Mental Healing: 3 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "CAA 310 explores the intersections among mental, physical and emotional health using scholarship, the expressive arts and movement. Content knowledge, wellness tools and expressive art will be used throughout to support wellness and culminating in the sharing of a final creative project",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "CAA 481",
    "title": "CAA Ambassador Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The CAA Ambassador Seminar provides students from the four schools within the College of Arts and Architecture opportunities to experience and demonstrate leadership, deliver peer mentoring, and advocacy. Participants will gain experience as mentors and serve as advocates within their school and the college, as well as develop a working knowledge about all of the areas of study within the college and the values of those areas Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "CAA 490R",
    "title": "Collaborative Rsch/Creative: 1-4 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Intended for upper division undergraduate research and creative projects undertaken in an interdisciplinary team format. The student will work closely with students and faculty colleagues seeking creative project solutions while exploring innovative methods of collaborative problem solving. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
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    "code": "CAA 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "code": "CAA 591",
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    "code": "CAPP 120",
    "title": "Introduction to Computers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000038",
    "code": "CAPP 156",
    "title": "Microsoft Excel: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "For Gallatin College students only. Introduces business applications using spreadsheets. Emphasis placed on the essential functions of spreadsheet operation, as well as an introduction to some advanced spreadsheet features such as lookup functions and list management. Covers expert level skills for the Microsoft Certified Application Specialist (MCAS) certification in Microsoft Excel.",
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    "code": "CHIN 101",
    "title": "Elementary Chinese I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Elementary course designed to help students acquire basic language skills in Mandarin: reading, writing, listening, speaking. Introduction to Chinese writing systems. Emphasis on establishing correct pronunciation and grasp of grammar. Cultural perspectives such as greetings, simple dialogues are introduced.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 102D",
    "title": "Elementary Chinese II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Continuation of CHIN 101 . Builds upon the foundation established in 101. Greater emphasis is placed upon oral and written expression. Reading and discussions are designed to increase comprehension of more linguistically complex texts and more conceptually complex cultural issues",
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      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 130D",
    "title": "Historical and Literary Journey into Modern China: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The focus of this course will be on the 20th and 21st centuries Chinese short stories and novellas in English translation. We will look at modern and contemporary Chinese literature in its historical setting as well as from the point of view of literary critical theory.",
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      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 193",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "CHIN 201D",
    "title": "Intermediate Chinese I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The second year college-level Chinese course emphasizes the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The overall goal is to help students develop their Chinese communication skills, and provide students a broader perspective on Chinese culture",
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    "code": "CHIN 202D",
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    "description": "(Sp) Continuation of CHIN 201. This course is designed to consolidate the foundation built in the first three semesters of Chinese with a continuing focus on listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The course introduces more authentic materials that reflect Chinese cultural life in contemporary China",
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      "gallatin-000225"
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  {
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    "code": "CHIN 211D",
    "title": "Chinese Culture & Civilization: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Chinese cultural, social and political history. Confucianism, Buddhism, and such elements of high culture as the arts of poetry and prose, while providing a sense of dynastic chronology. Course is taught in English.",
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      "gallatin-000223"
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 293",
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    "hours": null,
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 320IH",
    "title": "History of Chinese Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course reviews the history of Chinese cinema. Provides students opportunities to explore cinematic representations of China, to improve critical thinking skills through discussion and dialogue, and to understand the techniques with which Chinese filmmakers have experimented. Taught in English.",
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      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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    "code": "CHIN 393",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Department of Modern Languages Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chin/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Modern Languages Literatures. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000039",
    "code": "CHIN 493",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 102CS",
    "title": "Applying Chemistry to Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to contemporary chemistry in the contextual framework of current issues including the effect of human impact on the air, water, and earth. This course will examine the scientific basis for current scientific and societal issues such as depletion of the ozone layer, water pollution, acid rain, genetic engineering and nuclear fission among other issues. Topics will be addressed from a scientific viewpoint to develop knowledge and understanding of the chemical concepts that underlie these contemporary issues. The goal is to inform non-science majors of chemical and scientific issues in order to help them to become well-informed, inquiring citizens.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 121IN",
    "title": "Introduction to General Chemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introductory general chemistry covering measurement systems, atomic structure, chemical periodicity, bonding, chemical reactions, acid-base chemistry, electrochemistry, and nuclear chemistry. Common hour exams. This is a 3 part course, you must register for CHMY 121IN lecture and recitation and CHMY 122IN which is lab",
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      "SAT 570",
      "CHMY 122IN"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
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    "code": "CHMY 122IN",
    "title": "Introduction to General Chemistry Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 121IN . This lab is required to enroll in CHMY 121IN lecture.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 123",
    "title": "Introduction to Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) CO-REQUISITE: CHMY 124 . An introduction into functional group organic chemistry and reactivity, and important biochemical structures, concepts, and processes. The laboratory is closely integrated with lecture coverage. This course runs concurrent with CHMY 124 . Both courses are required to be taken during the same semester",
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      "CHMY 122IN",
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 124",
    "title": "Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The is the lab to accompany CHMY 123 . It is required for registration in CHMY 123 .T his course runs concurrent with CHMY 123 . Both courses are required to be taken during the same semester",
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  {
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    "code": "CHMY 141",
    "title": "College Chemistry I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "CO-REQUISITE: Runs concurrent with CHMY 142 lab The first of a two-semester course sequence about the general principles of modern chemistry with emphasis on atomic structure, chemical bonding, the periodic table, equilibria, chemical reactivity, and kinetics. It is recommended that students registering for this course have taken high school chemistry. Common Hour Exams. CHMY 142 is required to enroll in CHMY 141",
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      "SAT 600"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000220",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
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    "code": "CHMY 142",
    "title": "College Chemistry I Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 141 . Your must enroll in this class to enroll in CHMY 141 .",
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      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 143",
    "title": "College Chemistry II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) CO-REQUISITE: Runs concurrent with CHMY 144 lab The second semester of the two-semester general chemistry sequence. Topics covered during this semester include properties of solutions, chemical kinetics, aqueous equilibria, thermodynamics, and electrochemistry. Common Hour Exams. Enrollment in CHMY 144 is required to enroll in CHMY 143",
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      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 142",
      "CHMY 151",
      "CHMY 152"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 144",
    "title": "College Chemistry II Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The lab to accompany CHMY 143 . You must register for this course in order to register for CHMY 143",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 142",
      "CHMY 151",
      "CHMY 152",
      "CHMY 143"
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      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 151",
    "title": "Honors College Chemistry I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Recommended that students registering for this course either have taken calculus or are concurrently enrolled. Also recommended that students registering in this course have taken high school chemistry and/or physics, preferably AP Chemistry and/or Physics. CO-REQUISITE: Runs concurrent with CHMY 152 lab Topic coverage parallels CHMY 141 , with emphasis on critical and analytical thought and with a greater reliance on math skills. Enrollment in CHMY 152 is required for registration in CHMY 151",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 152",
    "title": "Honors College Chemistry I Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 151 . Enrollment in CHMY 151 is required to enroll in CHMY 152 .",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 153",
    "title": "Honors College Chemistry II: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CO-REQUISITE: Runs concurrent with CHMY 154 lab Topic coverage parallels CHMY 143 , with emphasis on critical and analytical thought and with a greater reliance on math skills. Enrollment in CHMY 154 is required to enroll in CHMY 153",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 141",
      "CHMY 151"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 154",
    "title": "Honors College Chemistry II Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 153 . You must be enrolled in CHMY 153 to register for CHMY 154 .",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-154",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-154.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 194",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "For the new student. Integration into the department and campus community. Scientific communication and chemical literature searching skills. Cross-listed with BCH 194 .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 211",
    "title": "Elements of Organic Chemistry: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CO-REQUISITE: Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 212 A one-semester introduction to organic chemistry that covers all of the major topics of organic chemistry, but not in the same depth as the two-semester course. Topics include bonding, three-dimensional structure, nomenclature, isomers and spectroscopoy (IR and NMR) as well as the reactivity of alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides, arenes, alcohols, ethers, amines, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives. Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 212 is required. You must be enrolled in both courses in the same semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 121IN",
      "CHMY 122IN",
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 212",
    "title": "Elements of Organic Chemistry Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 211 . Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 212 is required for enrollment in CHMY 211 . You must register for both courses in the same semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 121IN",
      "CHMY 122IN",
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "CHMY 211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000227"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 294",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to faculty research and departmental research faciliites with the goal of assisting students in the process of joining a research group. Issues related to becoming engaged in research including how to keep a research notebook, lab safety, ethics, etc. are also considered. Cross-listed with BCH 294",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 194",
      "BCH 194",
      "BCH 294"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 311",
    "title": "Fundamental Analytical Chem: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to wet analytical chemistry with an emphasis on theory and applications of data statistics, the systematic treatment of equilibria, acid-base chemistry, redox equilibria, complexometric equilibria, titrations, Beer's law, and chromatography. In addition, critical quantitative lab experiments will enhance practical lab skills",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000199"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 321",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) CO-REQUISITE: CHMY 322 The first of a two-semester professional sequence in organic chemistry. Topics include in-depth coverage of conformational analysis, stereochemistry, acid/base chemistry, nomenclature and reactivity of and reactions mechanism for organic compounds including radical reactions of alkanes and the reactivity of alkyl halides, alkenes and alkynes. Registration in CHMY 322 is required to enroll in CHMY 321",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 322",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry I Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The lab to accompany CHMY 321 . Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 321 is required to enroll in CHMY 322 . You must register for both courses in the same semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "CHMY 321"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 323",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) CO-REQUISITE: Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 324 The second semester of the two-semester professional sequence in organic chemistry. Topics include the characterization of organic compounds by Mass Spectrometry as well as IR and NMR spectroscopy. Reactions, including mechanisms, of alcohols, ethers, amines, arenes, aldehydes, ketones, enolates, carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives are covered in depth. Concurrent enrollment in CHMY 324 is required to enroll in CHMY 323 . You must be enrolled in both courses in the same semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 322",
      "CHMY 331",
      "CHMY 332"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 324",
    "title": "Organic Chemistry II Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 323 . Enrollment in CHMY 323 is required to enroll in CHMY 324 . You must enroll in both courses in the same semester",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 322",
      "CHMY 331",
      "CHMY 332",
      "CHMY 323"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 331",
    "title": "Honors Organic Chemistry I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CHMY 331 is the first of a two-semester honors sequence in organic chemistry. Topic coverage parallels CHMY 321 , but at an accelerated pace with in-depth coverage of physical organic chemistry, stereochemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, spectroscopy, and nomenclature",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 151",
      "CHMY 152",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "CHMY 321"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 332",
    "title": "Honors Organic Chemistry I Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 331 . Enrollment in CHMY 331 is required to enroll in CHMY 332",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "CHMY 331"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 333",
    "title": "Honors Organic Chemistry II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CO-REQUISITE: CHMY 334 CHMY 333 is the second semester of the two-semester honors sequence in organic chemistry. Topic coverage parallels CHMY 323 , with more in-depth coverage of mechanisms and more emphasis on retrosynthetic analysis and on solving multi step synthesis problems. Enrollment in CHMY 334 is required to enroll in CHMY 333",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 331",
      "CHMY 332"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 334",
    "title": "Honors Organic Chemistry II Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lab to accompany CHMY 333 . Enrollment in CHMY 333 is required to enroll in CHMY 334",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "CHMY 333"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 340",
    "title": "Environmental Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will provide students with a fundamental understanding of environmental chemistry appropriate for a mid-level undergraduate science major, and serve as a necessary introduction for students interested in applying chemistry to understanding and solving environmental and sustainability issues. Because this is a large and complex field, the material will be introductory in nature. However, each student will be required to do one independent project, either a paper or class presentation, on a topic of their choice. This will allow them, through directed self-study, to go into greater detail on a topic interest to them. Potential topic suggestions are provided at the end of the syllabus, but the students will be free to choose issues outside this list. Rather than in class exams, we will instead assign a regular series of challenging problem sets that required students to integrate multiple concepts, or multiple pieces of information. Assigned reading, especially literature outside the adopted text book, will also be the subject of in class discussion, and participation will be emphasized. A series of discussion questions will be included in advance so that the students can arrive prepared for discussion. Ultimately, this course offers the opportunity for students to add depth to their training in chemistry relevant to environmental science, and expand their knowledge of fundamental aspects of environmental chemistry of interest to them. Additionally, the course w",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 211",
      "CHMY 212",
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 322",
      "CHMY 331",
      "CHMY 332"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 361",
    "title": "Elements of Physical Chemistry: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A physical chemistry course directed toward the life sciences, health professions, and agricultural sciences",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 211",
      "CHMY 212",
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 322",
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 324",
      "CHMY 333",
      "CHMY 334",
      "PHSX 207"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000199"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 362",
    "title": "Elements of Physical Chemistry Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The laboratory to accompany CHMY 361",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000199"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 371",
    "title": "Physical Chemistry-Quantum Chemistry and Spectroscopy I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The first semester of a two-course sequence for science and engineering majors on quantum chemistry, statistical thermodynamics, spectroscopy, classical thermodynamics and kinetics .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "PHSX 222"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000220"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 372",
    "title": "Physical Chemistry Laboratory I: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Laboratory to accompany CHMY 371 . Fundamental experiments in thermodynamics and kinetics .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 144",
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 154",
      "PHSX 222"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 373",
    "title": "Physical Chemistry - Kinetics and Thermodynamics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The second semester of a two-course physical chemistry sequence for science/engineering majors. Students should take both semesters of the sequence -",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 153",
      "PHSX 222"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000220"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 374",
    "title": "Physical Chemistry Lab II: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(On demand.) The advanced laboratory to accompany CHMY 373 . In-depth experiments and data analysis. Required of all chemistry majors who take CHMY 373 . While required for the Professional Option, CHMY 372 is not required as a prerequisite for CHMY 374",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 371",
      "CHMY 373",
      "CHMY 372"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 394",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Developing student presentation skills thru the preparation and presentation of a group 50-minute talk on a chemical topic of current interest. Career planning and resume preparation. May be repeated once. Cross-Listed with BCH 394",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 294",
      "BCH 294",
      "BCH 394"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-394",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 401",
    "title": "Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) A systematic presentation of atomic structure and chemical bonding with emphasis on properties, structure, and the reactions of representative members of the various families of the periodic table",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 324",
      "CHMY 333",
      "CHMY 334"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000220"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-401",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 404",
    "title": "Advanced Inorganic Techniques: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) CHMY 404 connects fundamental concepts taught in the Advanced Inorganic Chemistry lecture class ( CHMY 401 ) with experimental case-studies in inorganic chemistry providing a wide-range of modern techniques used for inorganic synthesis and characterization",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 401"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-404",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 415",
    "title": "Structure and Bonding in Inorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The focus will be on applying this foundational material to understanding modern frontiers of inorganic chemistry. We will focus largely on solid state and materials chemistry, d-transition metal organometallic chemistry, and the inorganic chemistry of biological systems. Students will gain additional exposure to physical techniques used in modern inorganic chemistry. Readings will come from both a textbook and the chemical literature.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 401",
      "CHMY 501"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-415",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-415.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 417",
    "title": "Synthetic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Organic and inorganic reaction chemistry for advanced students. Modern reagents and transformations are treated in detail, along with relevant theoretical and mechanistic considerations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-417",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-417.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 421",
    "title": "Advanced Instrument Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An advanced analytical chemistry course which covers modern instrumental methods based on spectroChemical and electrochemical principles. This course is offered every other year in the spring of odd numbered years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 311",
      "CHMY 361",
      "CHMY 362",
      "CHMY 371",
      "CHMY 372"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-421",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-490r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 491",
    "title": "Structure and Bonding in Inorganic Chemistry: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-491",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-492",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Senior capstone course. Taught in collaboration with departmental Honors Thesis, CHMY 499 . The chemistry/biochemistry research undergraduate experience constitutes a synthesis of our (bio)chemistry class room and laboratory education. The projects are orally presented in seminar form, discussed on the basis of acquired knowledge, and analyzed using stringent scientific methods and criteria. A complete personal resume is prepared. May be repeated once. Cross-listed with BCH 494",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Draft portions of manuscripts are to be completed on a regular schedule. Required of all candidates for departmental honors. Cross-listed with BCH 499",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 490R",
      "BCH 490R",
      "BCH 499"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 501",
    "title": "Advanced Inorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A systematic presentation of atomic structure and chemical bonding with emphasis on properties, structure, and the reactions of representative members of the various families of the periodic table. Department of Chemistry Biochemistry.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 505",
    "title": "Critical Cncpts in Chemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course explores new learning strategies that encourage discovery-based learning. Class will explore ways to use computer technology to engage students in discovery-based learning",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 121IN"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 506",
    "title": "Integrating Computers into Laboratory Instruction: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) One year introductory chemistry course ( CHMY 142 and 143) and coursework or experience equivalent to one semester physical chemistry ( CHMY 361 ). A baccalaureate degree and experience teaching science at the secondary level are required. The course will examine and discuss fundamental and critical concepts in chemistry. A practical laboratory component will enable students to develop laboratory and/or demonstration projects for each concept. Individual student-generated presentations are a key course component. Offered Summer",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 142",
      "CHMY 143",
      "CHMY 121",
      "CHMY 361"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 513",
    "title": "Computational Chemistry: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course provides a comprehensive overview of computational chemistry methods with cursory, but adequate treatment of related theory. Thus, basic quantum or theoretical chemistry background is assumed. The focus of the lectures and hands-on laboratory exercises will be using computational tools correctly and creatively as well as comparing and contrasting theoretical methods and experimental results from literature. The textbook is used to provide a good background of the relevant theoretical concepts, as needed. Each student will work on an individual project throughout the class that is preferably from past experimental research experience or current graduate thesis topics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 153",
      "CHMY 361"
    ],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-513.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 515",
    "title": "Structure and Bonding in Inorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Spectroscopy, structure, and bonding of coordination and organometallic compounds",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 401"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-515.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 516",
    "title": "Mechanisms and Dynamics in Inorganic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Mechanisms and dynamics of the reactions of coordination and organometallic compounds",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 401"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 517",
    "title": "Synthetic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Organic and inorganic reaction chemistry for advanced students. Modern reagents and transformations are treated in detail, along with relevant theoretical and mechanistic considerations. Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 523",
    "title": "Organic Reaction Mechanisms: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A problem solving course concentrating on analyzing organic reactions and transformations via electron-pushing mechanisms. Problems chosen will be from the current chemical literature. Designed for incoming graduate students and upper-class undergraduates who want to learn or brush up on their electron-pushing skills .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 323"
    ],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-523.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 524",
    "title": "Mass Spectrometry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Mass spectrometric methods of analysis. Methods for ionization of samples in the gas, liquid and solid phases. Proteomics applications. Cross-listed with BCHM 524",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 371",
      "CHMY 361",
      "BCHM 524"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 525",
    "title": "Chemical Reactions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Treatment of complex chemical equilibria, kinetics, and mass transport in the solution and gas phases with respect to their effects on methods of chemical analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 373"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 526",
    "title": "Solution NMR Spectroscopy:Practical Applications to the Structural Determination of Small Molecules: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course integrates hands-on practical sessions using the NMR spectrometers of MSU Core NMR facility, with instructor lectures. The goal is to enable students to master the canonical NMR experiments employed for structural characterization of small molecules and measurements of molecular dispersion and reaction kinetics. Students will be paired to work together on the spectrometers (300 MHz, 400 MHz, 500 MHz, or 600 MHz NMRs) and will learn, by conducting in real time, a range of commonly used NMR experiments for small molecule characterization and reaction kinetics. The students will gain practical knowledge on how to set-up different NMR experiments and how to run the NMR spectrometers. NMR experiments that students will become proficient in, will range from simple 1D 1H NMR to more sophisticated 2D heteronuclear (1H, 13C, 15N) experiments including HSQC, HMBC, 2D-NOESY, TOCSY, J-resolved spectroscopy, among others. Students should have some familiarity with analytical methods, spectroscopy, and elements of physical chemistry. Students should have a background in basic chemistry, including: the atoms, the elements and the periodic table; the structure of organic molecules (functional groups, stereochemistry); as well as in basic physical chemistry, including some basic knowledge about the spectroscopy (energy levels, photon, frequency).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-526",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-526.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 527",
    "title": "Analytic Optical Spectroscopy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Use of optical spectroscopic methods for chemical analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 371"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-527.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 533",
    "title": "Physical Organic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A semi-quantitative description of the mechanisms of organic reactions. Topics include M.O. theory, orbital symmetry, addition and elimination reactions, the kinetics and thermodynamics of organic reactions, solvent effects, etc",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 417"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-533.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 535",
    "title": "Reagent Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A thorough study of synthetic processes, methodologies and reagents",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 417"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-535",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-535.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 540",
    "title": "Organic Synthesis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A thorough study of strategies for the synthesis of complex natural products",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 533",
      "CHMY 535"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-540",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-540.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 551",
    "title": "Organic Structure Elucidation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Spectroscopic structure elucidation of small organic molecules. Techniques to be discussed include 1-D and 2-D NMR spectroscopy, UV, IR, MS, and Raman spectroscopies. Emphasis will be on interpreting spectra to deduce the structure of the compound in question",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 417"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-551",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-551.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 554",
    "title": "Organometallic Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Application of organometallic chemistry to organic transformations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 323",
      "CHMY 553"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-554",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-554.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 557",
    "title": "Quantum Mechanics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Applications of quantum mechanics to molecules and spin systems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 373"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-557",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-557.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 558",
    "title": "Classical & Stat Thermodynamic: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Classical & statistical thermodynamics applied to chemical systems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 373"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-558",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-558.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 559",
    "title": "Kinetics & Dynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: CHMY 373 or equivalent Chemical kinetics, theories of reaction rates, molecular reaction dynamics, with applications to Chemical reactions in the gas phase, on surfaces, and in solution",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 373"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-559",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-559.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 560",
    "title": "Symmetry, Orbitals, and Spectroscopy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Group theory with applications, semi-empirical and ab initio calculations, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy, and their interrelationship will be covered",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 373"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-560",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-560.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 564",
    "title": "Adv Quantum Chemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Time independent and time dependent quantum mechanics with application to chemical bonding and molecular spectroscopy",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHMY 557"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-564",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-564.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee. Cross-Listed with BCH 575 Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 575"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 586",
    "title": "Lab Safety for Teachers: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Content includes safe school laboratory practices and the use of personal safety equipment. Fire control procedures will be addressed including a hand-on fire extinguishing experience. Personal risk and liability, biological lab safety issues and field work safety will be modeled.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-586",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-586.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 587",
    "title": "Exploring Chemistry for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The course examines chemical concepts, providing resources and ideas for class activities, and advice from fellow teachers with the goal of enhancing your teaching abilities. Students will gain confidence in basic concepts of chemistry.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-587",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-587.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-588",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-588.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 593",
    "title": "Kinetics, Equilibrium & Thermodynamics for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Equilibrium, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics explain why reactions stop where they do, why they get hot or cold, and how fast they occur. This course is designed to help teachers of science bolster their background in equilibrium, thermodynamics, kinetics as well as provide assistance in the teaching of these topics. A classroom population represents a distribution of learning styles and a goal of this course is to provide a variety of instructional tools for teachers to utilize in their classrooms. Offered Spring.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-593",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-593.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material. Cross-Listed with BCH 594 . Offered Summer. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BCH 594"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-594",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-594.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 595",
    "title": "Chemistry of the Environment for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will familiarize students with basic general science and chemistry concepts of the environment, including water, air and Earth - as well as provide opportunities to incorporate these concepts into a teacher’s current classroom content through applications and examples.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-595",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-595.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 596",
    "title": "Exploring Organic Chemistry for Teachers: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides a general review/background in organic chemistry with an emphasis on functional groups and covalent chemistry reaction mechanisms while focusing on applications including polymers. Providing a solid foundation of basic principles of organic chemistry will allow teachers to describe and explain practical applications of organic chemistry.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-596",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-596.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 597",
    "title": "Exploring Biochemistry for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course is intended for chemistry or biology teachers. Course content will cover the types of biomolecules before shifting to focus on metabolism. Participants will participate in discussions, evaluate primary research articles, and author their own exam questions.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chmy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-597",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/chmy-597.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 598",
    "title": "Exploring Biochemistry: Metabolism for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Summer, even years.) This course is designed to serve as the second semester of a two-semester sequence of biochemical principles. The course will build on topics covered in CHMY 597 (Exploring Biochemistry I) such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. The course will investigate the metabolism of each of these biological molecules while exploring applications of these topics to a classroom setting. The textbook will be used as a basis for the course but students will be required to utilize materials from various resources including chapter summaries, scientific journals, and material compiled by students",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 599",
    "title": "An Atoms-First Primer for AP/IB Chemistry Teachers: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) This course introduces Advanced Placement (AP) or International Baccalaureate (IB) teachers to an Atoms-First pedagogy, emphasizing chemical foundations before advanced topics. Participants will examine this approach and develop lesson plans applying it to high school AP or IB chemistry instruction.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000040",
    "code": "CHMY 689",
    "title": "Grad Research/Instruction: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Classroom instruction associated with directed graduate research/creative activity projects . Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "CHMY 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 205",
    "title": "Drugs and Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Individual and social implications of psychoactive drug use. Basic pharmaceutical concepts, legal issues, common pharmaceutical preparations, and over-the-counter products are studied.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 210",
    "title": "Foundations of Community and Public Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introductory course to the field of community health and the community health major at MSU. This class explores various principles and practices of community health including social determinants of health, epidemiology, research methods, theories, program planning and evaluation, community health outreach, and current community health interventions. Includes a community health experience project and information about the CHES exam.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 245",
    "title": "Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health in Aging: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) To understand the intersection between nutrition, physical activity and health in an aged population. Theories of aging, physiological processes, nutritional needs, chronic health conditions and components of physical activity will be explored.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 298",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 317",
    "title": "Health Behavior Theories: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The study and application of theoretical models of exercise and health with emphasis on behavior change in the individual and group levels",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SOCI 101IS"
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 325",
    "title": "Leadership & Public Policies in Aging: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) To understand leadership needs of agencies focused on assisting older adults. To develop leaderships skills needed to promote the health and wellbeing of older adults. To understand public policies associated with the politics of aging.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 405",
    "title": "Caregiving & Aging Families: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This class will explore the demographic characteristics of aging individuals and families in America. Specific topics will include family relationships in caregiving, stress and burden, caring for those with complicated health care needs and end-of-life care.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 414",
    "title": "Health and Culture: A Global Perspective: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) This course will provide students with a global perspective of health.Students will assess health conceptions, health-related behavior, sickness distribution, treatment and experience cross culturally. Students will identify and discuss how these concepts are both similar and different across the globe. Theoretically, this course is rooted in the discipline of Medical Anthropology, a growing subfield of Anthropology that seeks to understand how health is shaped by, and experienced in light of, changing socio-cultural, economic, environmental, and geopolitical factors across the globe.",
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    "code": "CHTH 428",
    "title": "Health Disparities: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Examines what contributes to health disparities, which are inequalities in death, disease, disability, and well-being. Focuses on the epidemiologic evidence, theories of why health disparities exist, and current strategies for ameliorating health disparities",
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      "HDFS 371"
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    "code": "CHTH 430",
    "title": "Mental Health & Social Issues in Aging: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will explore the psychosocial and biological approaches to aging and mental health and will seek to understand the impact of society and societal issues with regard to mental health needs in older adults.",
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    "code": "CHTH 435",
    "title": "Human Response To Stress: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Analysis of human response to stress in relation to a variety of biopsychosocial factors; techniques for managing stress are also investigated",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 440",
    "title": "Principles of Epidemiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Senior capstone course. The goal of this course is to provide an introduction to epidemiologic concepts (e.g. incidence, prevalence, bias) and methods (e.g. study designs and measures)",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHTH 210",
      "KIN 105"
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 443",
    "title": "Program Planning and Evaluation for Community Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Research activities involved in studying the effectiveness of community health programs. The course introduces various evaluation methods including: community assessment, formative, process, outcome, and cost evaluation. Related research designs, measurement, and data analysis as well as qualitative and quantitative approaches to evaluation, and logic modeling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CHTH 210",
      "CHTH 317",
      "HDFS 371"
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 445",
    "title": "Program Planning for CH: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Health program planning and evaluation with emphasis on applications in Montana communities",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHTH 317",
      "HDFS 371"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Topics offered at the upper division level that are not covered in regular courses. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 495",
    "title": "Practical Experience in Aging: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This class will provide students the opportunity to gain practical experience in working with older adults as well as provide students the opportunity to develop as professionals in the field of aging",
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    "code": "CHTH 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized professional assignment arranged for specific discipline. Some academic areas will offer specific sections in sequence for their students. All students must receive department permission prior to registration, and register for a senior seminar in their major area Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 502",
    "title": "Theories and Models in Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Understanding and application of theory and models in the family and community health fields. The course will focus on applications at the individual, family, community, and environmental levels",
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    "code": "CHTH 503",
    "title": "Community-Based Participatory Research: Research, Practice, and Policy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) PREREQUISITE: Graduate student standing. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an orientation to community centered research. Students will learn the theoretical foundations and ethical considerations related to CBPR. Students will learn the skills necessary to design, implement and evaluate CBPR studies in collaboration with community partners and understand strategies for translating research into practice and policy. Other community centered research models will also be discussed",
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    "code": "CHTH 540",
    "title": "Principles of Epidemiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is designed to introduce students to the principles and methods of epidemiology such as epidemiological methods, concepts, and issues critical for the assessment, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 548",
    "title": "Program Planning and Evaluation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Best practices in family, health, and nutrition program development, exploring tools and strategies for program design, implementation, evaluation, and dissemination. Students will complete independent analysis and group planning for a real-world program of their choice",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper and Project: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed graduate research/creative activity Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "- Department of Health Human Development. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/chth-591",
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    "code": "CHTH 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "CHTH 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field. - Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 600",
    "title": "Building a Culture of Wellness: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) This is the foundational course for the Ph.D. in Indigenous Rural Health and is intended to support students by providing opportunities for engagement and involvement with the program. Repeatable up to 2 credits for first- and second-year students. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chth/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 601",
    "title": "Indigenous and Rural Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This foundational course for the PhD in Indigenous and Rural Health is intended to provide an overview of Indigenous and rural health and well-being. Students will develop an understanding of key determinants that shape health and well-being in these communities.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chth/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000041",
    "code": "CHTH 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Dissertation: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Conducting dissertation research. Repeatable up to 30 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/chth/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 105",
    "title": "Police Patrol Procedures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement student or permission from instructor required. This course is an overview to public safety and the history of law enforcement in the American context. It also includes the major operations and functions of contemporary law enforcement alongside practical exercises and insights into interacting with diverse populations.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 106",
    "title": "Basic Police Firearms Training: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement majors or permission from instructor required. This course gives prospective law enforcement officers the foundational training necessary to safely and effectively use firearms. Students learn the relevant laws and statues governing firearms and use of force, the basic components of firearms, and how to operate them.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 130",
    "title": "Practical Scenarios for Law Enforcement: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement majors or permission from instructor. This course provides students with tactics and approaches relevant to potential law enforcement scenarios, with a focus on conducting emergency responses, building searches, vehicle stops, and DUI detection and processing. Students gain practical experience given scenarios that require different tactics.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 140",
    "title": "Patrol Operations: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students only. This course provides an introduction to the patrol methods and techniques used by law enforcement officers. Types of patrols, their functions, and types of calls while on patrol are emphasized. The use of a patrol vehicle is also emphasized.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 150",
    "title": "Life Saving Skills: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Law Enforcement majors or permission from instructor. This course covers a range of life-saving techniques and practices necessary for effective law enforcement work. The course covers life-saving skills law enforcement officers can utilize during specific occupational situations as well as to ensure their own safety and well-being.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 160",
    "title": "Communications for Public Safety: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students or permission from instructor. This course covers communication in law enforcement and public safety from several angles, with a focus on making ethical communication decisions. Students will learn written communication skills for report writing and verbal communication skills for investigations, de-escalation, negotiation, and court testimony.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cjle-160.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 170",
    "title": "Montana Criminal Code: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students only or consent of instructor required. This course provides an overview of the criminal code for the State of Montana. Students learn key concepts, definitions, and specific details about some of the most commonly used offenses in the criminal code.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 180",
    "title": "Health and Wellness in Everyday Policing: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Law Enforcement majors or permission from instructor. This course is designed around issues related to fostering healthy outcomes for both law enforcement officers and their families. Specific modules focus on work-life balance, physical and mental health, and resiliency for a high-stress occupation.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 209",
    "title": "Criminal Investigation: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students only or consent of instructor required. This course provides an overview of the broad scope of criminal investigation with a focus on interviews and interrogations, crime scene management, and evidence collection. Successful students will learn appropriate investigative tactics given a range of potential circumstances and encounters.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 212",
    "title": "Defensive Tactics: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students only or consent of instructor required. This course provides an overview and specific training in defensive tactics for law enforcement officers. This includes searches, control and survival strategies, and the appropriate use of chemical agents and weapons. Students will employ these defensive tactics in hypothetical practical scenarios.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjle/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000042",
    "code": "CJLE 298",
    "title": "Internship: 6 Credits (6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Law Enforcement students only or consent of instructor required. This course gives students 20+ hours/week of experience in the daily operations of law enforcement agencies. Monitored experiences will include observing and applying best practices in law enforcement environments while utilizing skills and knowledge acquired in previous law enforcement courses.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000043",
    "code": "CJUS 231",
    "title": "Criminal Evidence and Procedure: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Law Enforcement students only or consent of instructor required. This course provides students with an overview of the procedures and rules of evidence, with a focus on key terminology and topics, relevant aspects of the U.S. Constitution, and important Supreme Court decisions. Students will also Identify and discuss evidence and procedure applications in complicated law enforcement cases including juvenile, use of force, and DUI cases.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cjus/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 101US",
    "title": "Knowledge and Community: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Open to first year students",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 201US",
    "title": "Knowledge and Community: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) CLS 201 is similar to CLS 101 but is designed for students beyond their freshman year. CLS 201 is open to students who have completed at least 30 credits; students will not receive credit if they have passed CLS 101 with a grade of C- or better. Small seminar-style classes.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 289R",
    "title": "Undergrad Rsch/Instruction: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Classroom instruction associated with directed undergraduate research/creative activity projects. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-289r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-290r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 460",
    "title": "Teaching Internship: 2-3 Credits (2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "As co-facilitators of a section of CLS 101US or CLS 201US , students will learn and have the opportunity to practice classroom teaching strategies and mentoring skills. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-460",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-460.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 489R",
    "title": "Undergrad Rsch/Instruction: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "lassroom instruction associated with directed undergraduate research/creative activity projects. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-489r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-489r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "irected undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000044",
    "code": "CLS 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CLS 460"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cls/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cls-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000045",
    "code": "COA 205",
    "title": "Introduction to Coaching: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Introductory coaching course which will cover basic information from the beginning level in the American Coach Effectiveness Program.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000211"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coa/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coa-205.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000045",
    "code": "COA 330",
    "title": "Coaching Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides an in-depth exploration of sport coaching theory, focusing on both team and individual sports. Students will analyze key coaching principles, strategies, and leadership techniques while learning to apply these concepts in real-world scenarios",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COA 205"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000211"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coa/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000045",
    "code": "COA 395",
    "title": "Practicum: Coaching Application: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) CCHG minors only. Assignment of prospective coaches to specific sports. Discussion and feedback on planning and implementation in practical setting Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COA 205"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000211"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coa/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000045",
    "code": "COA 405",
    "title": "Advanced Concepts in Coaching: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This class is intended to develop coaching philosophy, examine skills and practices for coach development, and explore proper team-building techniques and practices",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COA 205"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000211"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coa/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coa-405.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000045",
    "code": "COA 567",
    "title": "Professional Issues in Coaching: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In depth examination of research associated with current topics in sport and coaching. Students will specifically use the Long-Term Athlete Development (LTAD) model to design, apply, and evaluate athlete development.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coa/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coa-567.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 100",
    "title": "Effective Academic Practices: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course is designed to help students maximize their potential in all courses, specifically to: define one's purpose in pursuing a college education; utilize components that students need to be successful learners-motivation, methods of learning, time management, physical and social environment, and performance; develop practical study techniques that can be applied to daily college course work; set short- and long-term academic and career goals; and become acquainted with professors, MSU resources, and how to seek academic assistance. Offered by Gallatin College.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-100",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 101US",
    "title": "First Year Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This multi-disciplinary course, presented in seminar format, draws from the disciplines of psychology, sociology, history, and philosophy, and encourages students to explore issues critical to their academic goals and objectives. The course emphasizes verbal communication, critical thinking, intellectual development, and academic choices. Fulfills university seminar requirement of the core curriculum. This course may not be repeated. Offered by Gallatin College",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-101us",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-101us.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 103",
    "title": "College Learning Strategies: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This survey course introduces to the effective use of college resources and methods of increasing success in other courses. It acquaints students with study skills and prepares them to integrate traditional study skills with college content areas. Student will develop learning and study strategies to become efficient students. Also, students will become familiar with professors, academic advisors, and college resources.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-103",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-103.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 104",
    "title": "Mindfulness and Wellness: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course, students will actively explore various mindfulness practices and their implementation in daily life. Independent and in-class practice, discussion, and reflection will constitute the primary method through which this will occur.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-104",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-104.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This survey course introduces students to the effective use of college resources and methods of increasing success in other courses. It acquaints students with study skills and prepares them to integrate traditional study skills with college content areas. Students will develop learning and study strategies to become efficient students. Also, students will become familiar with professors, academic advisors, and college resources. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-191",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-191.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 260RS",
    "title": "Studying Human Behavior: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The purpose of this course is to learn methods and principles used to study human behavior, how to ask meaningful questions that address a topic of study, find out what is already known about the possible answers to those questions, learn the process of collecting and analyzing data, and to generate new knowledge about how or why we behave in the ways we do",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101W"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-260rs.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000046",
    "code": "COLS 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cols/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-292",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cols-292.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000047",
    "code": "COMX 102",
    "title": "Interpersonal Skills in the Workplace: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers the basic elements of communication in the business environment, including listening, speaking, and reading. It also looks at the importance of nonverbal communication, ethics, and professional courtesy. It discusses the importance of internal skills like teamwork and external skills with customers such as reflective listening. Successful interview skills are discussed in class and demonstrated in final student project.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/comx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/comx-102",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000047",
    "code": "COMX 106",
    "title": "Communicating in a Dynamic Workplace: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course prepares students to seek and maintain a professional position. The course covers many elements of communication in the workplace, including listening, nonverbal behavior, salary negotiation, personality, customer service, and decision making. Students will prepare job application documents and practice interviewing skills.",
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    "code": "COMX 111US",
    "title": "Introduction to Public Speaking: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Overview of the theories, concepts, and principles of public speaking, to include audience analysis, evidence, sensory aids, small group communication, ethics and listening. Application of concepts and principles through preparation and delivery of impromptu, informative, persuasive, and group presentations.",
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    "code": "COMX 115",
    "title": "Introduction to Interpersonal Communication: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will examine the importance of personal and small group communication. The emphasis will be on how individuals perceive information and transmit messages based on aspects such as the context in which we interact, the perceptions we hold, our cultural background, and nonverbal and verbal behavior. Students will explore the factors that affect both individual and group dynamics in our personal and professional lives.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000047",
    "code": "COMX 222",
    "title": "Professional Communication: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class focuses on developing skills for interpersonal and group communication in a professional environment. Students will develop a professional resume and cover letter, conduct an interview, and learn how to communicate professionally with co-workers, supervisors, and customers. The class explores diversity in the workplace, nonverbal communication, influence, technical communication, and managing workplace conflict.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000047",
    "code": "COMX 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 502",
    "title": "Counseling Ethics and Professional Orientation: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will prepare the student with a strong orientation to professional and ethical issues as they apply to counseling. Contents of the course will examine historical aspects of counseling professions, professional counseling roles, professional organizations, consultation models, professional preparation standards, and credentialing. It will also introduce appropriate ethical codes for conduct and study case studies representing ethical dilemmas a counselor may face in schools, agencies, and private practice",
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    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 503",
    "title": "Professional Issues in Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course focuses on providing students with an understanding of the professional identity and roles of the counselor in prevention, consultation, crisis management, specialization, public policy, legal and ethical issues unique to working with schools, families, and community organizations",
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    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 505",
    "title": "Professional Issues in School Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Presentation of professional and ethical issues in school counseling. Group discussion and various experiential activities will provide students with numerous opportunities to understand current issues and trends in the field of school counseling",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 506",
    "title": "School Counseling Programs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Foundations of the school counseling profession including historical and conceptual perspectives of the field, and the knowledge and skills necessary to be a professional school counselor. Particular emphasis will be placed on a thorough understanding of planning, design, implementation, and evaluation of comprehensive school counseling programs",
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    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 508",
    "title": "Counseling Theories I: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Students will learn a wide range of systems theories used in the diagnosis and treatment of individuals, couples, children, and families",
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    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 510",
    "title": "Counseling Theories II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides an overview of the major counseling theories and practical applications with various populations. Teaching modalities will include lecture, class discussion, study of taped counseling sessions, and small group interaction",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 521",
    "title": "Counseling Skills Lab: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students will learn, practice, and apply basic counseling skills in preparation for their practicum experience",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 522",
    "title": "Group Counseling: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The following information will be covered in relation to group counseling: theories, research, developmental stages, therapeutic factors, leadership functions, consultation and ethics. Use of leadership skills in structured and unstructured groups will be practiced",
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      "COUN 502"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 524",
    "title": "Crisis Counseling: Theory and Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The study of crisis counseling theories, strategies, and models, as well as principles of trauma recovery and trauma informed counseling .",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 525",
    "title": "Counseling Children & Adolescents: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Application of counseling theories and techniques to preschool and school age (K-12) children and their families. A special emphasis will be placed on implementing appropriate intervention strategies according to age, developmental level, and the counseling setting",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 526",
    "title": "Adventure Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Graduate standing in the counseling program. An introduction to the theory and practice of adventure-based counseling and experiential learning. The course will focus on the goals, concepts, and techniques of adventure work. Students will learn numerous adventure games, problem-solving initiatives, and how to design adventure programs.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 530",
    "title": "Mind-Body Well-Being Self-Care: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The objectives of this course are two-fold: 1) familiarize students with mind-body, well-being, and self-care interventions; and 2) train students in preventative methods",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COUN 510"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 540",
    "title": "Mental Health, Identity Development, and Understanding: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The goal of this course is to set the landscape for the broad practice and scope of the mental health in Montana and beyond. This course lays the groundwork for creating and maintaining an inclusive environment while better understanding our own identities as well as will cover ethics around helping and referring individuals who may need mental health support.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-540.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 541",
    "title": "Introduction to Mental Health Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will address an introduction to resources, concepts and referral processes involved in the practice of community mental health support. Students can expect to have a good understanding of the concepts around mental health being part of whole health, crisis response (to self-harm, suicidal ideation, and other common mental health concerns), mental health referral processes, and how bias can play a role in how we respond to individuals who may be experiencing mental health concerns.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-541",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-541.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 542",
    "title": "Communication and Helping Skills: 3 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will provide students with foundational concepts about basic communications skills for non-licensed helping professionals. This course is focused on having intentional and productive difficult conversations, recognizing concerns, setting boundaries, and practicing self-care.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-542",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-542.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 550",
    "title": "Counseling Research and Evaluation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will provide an understanding of research methods, statistical analysis, needs assessment, and program evaluation as they apply to the field of counseling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COUN 502"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-550",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-550.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 551",
    "title": "Appraisal: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Topics include test standardization, reliability and validity; developing understanding of appraisal instruments and needs assessment used with individuals and systems; using information derived from selected appraisal instruments; and consultation models used when delivering test informtion to individuals and systems",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-551",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-551.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 554",
    "title": "Develop Theory Across Lifespan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) An introduction to the complex developmental relationships among individuals in the family across the life span. Systems, developmental, learning and personality theories across the life span are surveyed. Contextual variables on developmental processes are stressed",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-554",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-554.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 558",
    "title": "Career Counseling: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course will prepare the student in the area of career guidance and counseling. Emphasis will be placed on the understanding of career development theories, use of occupational informational sources including computer programs, assessment of the individual and various working environments, and the design of career developmental programs from elementary school through retirement. The student will also be introduced to the impact social issues have on work, leisure and families",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-558",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-558.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 563",
    "title": "Multicultural Awareness: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course explores the relationships between social organizations, processes of historical change, social stratification (race, gender, sexuality), individuals and family structure",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-563",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-563.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 564",
    "title": "Diagnosis and Mental Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will provide students with conceptual understanding of mental disorders within physiological, developmental, familial, and social cultural contexts. Students will learn how to use DSM diagnosis in the appraisal and differential diagnosis of mental disorders",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-564",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-564.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 565",
    "title": "Couples Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Theoretical foundations and interventions for working with couple relationships, and includes promotion of healthy couple relationships and treatment of couples in crisis and/or transition. Emphasizes gender roles, sexuality, and issues related to intimacy from a systemic perspective",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-565",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-565.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 568",
    "title": "Mental Health Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Mental health counseling methods for treatment of mental disorders, including adults with serious mental illness and severely emotionally disturbed children. Appraisal, treatment planning, evidence-based interventions, medications, crisis intervention, case management, consultation, referral, and professional issues/ethics in treatment of DSM disorders",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-568",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-568.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 569",
    "title": "Advanced Family Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced theoretical foundations and interventions for the practice of family counseling. Includes current research regarding family counseling and treatment. Emphasizes assessment and interventions for families dealing with mental health diagnoses, substance abuse, sexual abuse, violence, divorce/remarriage, and child/adolescent issues",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-569",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-569.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 571",
    "title": "Prof Counsel Practicum: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Supervised clinical practice with individuals, children, families, and groups. Weekly individual and group supervision Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COUN 508",
      "COUN 521"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-571",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-571.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(On demand.) Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course offers graduate students an opportunity to engage in individualized, faculty-supervised research or advanced study in counseling. Students design and complete a focused scholarly, clinical, or applied project aligned with their professional interests and program objectives. Emphasis is placed on independent inquiry, critical review of counseling literature, ethical and culturally responsive practice, and the integration of counseling theory, research, and practice. Course content, learning objectives, and evaluation criteria are established collaboratively by the student and supervising faculty member prior to enrollment Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000048",
    "code": "COUN 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, school or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "COUN 571"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/coun/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-598",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/coun-598.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000049",
    "code": "CRWR 240RA",
    "title": "Introduction to Creative Writing: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to the principles and techniques of creative writing, aimed at developing literary craft and the creative process. Includes lectures, readings, and writing exercises in genres that may include fiction, poetry, and creative nonfiction.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/crwr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-240ra",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-240ra.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000049",
    "code": "CRWR 310",
    "title": "Intermediate Fiction Workshop: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An intermediate fiction writing workshop focusing on short stories or novellas. Although some outside material will be considered, the primary emphasis will be analysis and discussion of student work",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CRWR 240RA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/crwr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-310",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-310.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000049",
    "code": "CRWR 311",
    "title": "Intermediate Poetry Workshop: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) An intermediate workshop involving critical analysis of students' work-in-progress as well as reading and discussion of Published poems. Numerous directed writing assignments, experiments, exercises focused on technical considerations like diction, rhythm, rhyme, and imagery",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CRWR 240RA"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/crwr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-311",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-311.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000049",
    "code": "CRWR 312",
    "title": "Intermediate Nonfiction Workshop: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An intermediate nonfiction workshop. Students read and respond to model essays, in addition to creating and revising original essays for workshop review. Assignments and exercises focus on writing craft and research techniques",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CRWR 240"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/crwr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-312",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/crwr-312.md"
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    "code": "CSCI 446",
    "title": "Artificial Intelligence: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "F odd years. An exploration in fundamental topics in artificial intelligence from an agent perspective. Topics addressed include: heuristic and stochastic search, logical and probabilistic reasoning, game playing, planning, and reinforcement learning. ESOF 322 and STAT 216 are recommended prerequisites",
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    "code": "CSCI 451",
    "title": "Computational Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course surveys classic and recent problems from computational biology. Topics covered include algorithms for genomic sequencing and searching, protein structure prediction, and regulatory network discovery. Co-convened with CSCI 551",
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    "code": "CSCI 455",
    "title": "Embedded Systems: Robotics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Spring, even years.) The basic tools and techniques of embedded systems using robotics as a platform. Student teams learn to program an autonomous robot to perform increasingly sophisticated behaviors. Besides introducing autonomous mobile robot technologies, students also learn key concepts of mechanics, electronics, programming techniques, and systems design and integration",
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    "code": "CSCI 460",
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    "title": "Compilers: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Senior capstone course. Compiler design and construction. Scanning, parsing, symbol tables, semantic analysis, intermediate representations, run-time memory management, target code generation, and optimization. Implementation of a small compiler. CSCI 366 is recommended.",
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    "code": "CSCI 476",
    "title": "Computer Security: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "CSCI 481",
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    "code": "CSCI 483R",
    "title": "Interdisciplinary Project: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) The senior capstone course for the Computer Science B.S. interdisciplinary option. Students undertake an interdisciplinary project and present their results through a written paper, a poster, a working prototype, and an oral presentation",
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    "code": "CSCI 487",
    "title": "Data Science in Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "CSCI 493",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) At least one year of computer science programming experience required. Students will apply data science fundamentals to develop compelling data science assignments for beginners. The course will be help in Lyon, France and students will work across institutions on the assignments.",
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    "code": "CSCI 494",
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    "code": "CSCI 495",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed assistance to, and involvement in labs, with lower division CS students",
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    "code": "CSCI 498",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "CSCI 521",
    "title": "Distributed Computing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() This course is not currently being offered. Implementation and integration of distributed compute, storage, and communication with a focus on cloud computing and security.",
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    "code": "CSCI 532",
    "title": "Algorithms: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Concrete time and space complexity; combinatorial algorithms; greedy algorithms; dynamic programming; probabilistic and randomized algorithms; branch-and-bound algorithms. CSCI 432 is recommended.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000050",
    "code": "CSCI 534",
    "title": "Computational Geometry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Techniques for storing, processing, and extracting meaningful information from spatial data. In particular, we will focus on efficiently solving problems about spatial relationships usually in low to medium dimensions. Specific topics will include point location, triangulations, and randomized incremental constructions. CSCI 532 is a recommended pre- or co-requisite.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000050",
    "code": "CSCI 535",
    "title": "Computational Topology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. Provides an introduction to topological data analysis (TDA). This course will cover the topological, geometric, and algebraic tools used in TDA. Specific topics covered include persistent homology, Reeb graphs, and minimum homotopy area. Students will explore a data set of their choice in a course project, and learn how to apply the tools discussed in lecture.",
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    "code": "CSCI 538",
    "title": "Computability: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Turing machine computability and decidability; abstract time and space complexity; intractability. CSCI 338 is recommended.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/csci-538",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000050",
    "code": "CSCI 540",
    "title": "Advanced Database Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() This course is not currently being offered. Advanced database models including spatial, temporal, and object-oriented; advanced data indexing techniques, data warehousing and query optimization. CSCI 440 is recommended.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
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    "code": "CSCI 545",
    "title": "Advanced Human Computer Interaction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course provides an introduction to advanced human computer interaction for innovation in technologies. Students will explore the core principles, methodologies, and applications of human-centered design computing practices. CSCI 232 is a recommended pre-requisite.",
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  },
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    "code": "CSCI 546",
    "title": "Advanced Artificial Intelligence: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "CSCI 446"
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    "code": "CSCI 547",
    "title": "Advanced Machine Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Advanced Data Mining: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Adv. Computational Biology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "CSCI 566",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "CSCI 582",
    "title": "Joy Beauty Data for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "title": "Integrating Computer Science in Science Classrooms: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "CSCI 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "code": "CSCI 591",
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    "description": "To be determined based on actual topic offered. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Co-convened with CSCI 491 Repeatable up to 12 credits. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "CSCI 594",
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    "code": "CSCI 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000050",
    "code": "CSCI 599",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work, and thesis, if on a thesis plan but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/csci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000050",
    "code": "CSCI 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/csci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 100",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Construction Technology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CSTN100 introduces students to means and methods of construction and the terminology and materials used in the construction industry. Students will learn how to properly use and maintain hand tools, power tools and personal protective equipment (PPE). Students will also be introduced to OSHA standards and how they apply jobsite safety.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 101",
    "title": "Introduction to Concrete: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Carpentry CAS students only. CSTN 101 introduces students to the concept of form building and the processes involved with concrete production. Students will be exposed to how to build, brace, and strip concrete forms or walls, columns and slabs .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 105",
      "CSTN 120"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 105",
    "title": "Introduction to Woodworking: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "CSTN105 introduces students to wood building materials and techniques. Students will learn about necessary equipment and safety protocols for the trade and will demonstrate foundational woodworking skills through the construction of building elements such as walls, windows and door frames.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 120",
    "title": "Carpentry Basics and Rough-In Framing: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) CSTN120 introduces students to step by step building processes. Students will be exposed to rough framing principles through a combination of lecture and lab. This course will also outline the job descriptions and typical responsibilities associated with a carpenter.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 122",
    "title": "Beginning Carpentry Lab: 4 Credits (4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) CSTN122 is a hands-on lab that builds upon content learned in CSTN 105 and CSTN 120 . It enhances the skills needed to successfully perform the technical tasks of a carpenter, including framing skills to construct a basic platform framed structure.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 148",
    "title": "Blueprints, Codes, and Estimating: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce blueprints and emphasize reading, scaling, analyzing and bidding from plans. Topics covered will include: line weights, styles and types; title block information, dimensions, structural shapes, auxiliary views, section views, detail prints, symbols, scaling, acronyms found in different industries, and other various blueprint information. Students will also be taught how to use plans to bid and price materials, visit the Fall Parade of Homes, and compare what's on the page to what really gets built. Typically Taken – 1st Semester (Fall).",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 160",
    "title": "Construction Concepts and Building Lab: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In this lab students will be asked to perform multiple tasks demanded of a Carpenter on a jobsite throughout the progression of a building project. Work projects, tasks, and proficiencies will tie heavily into the construction, remodel, or special construction projects in the community",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 122"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 171",
    "title": "Site Prep, Foundations and Concrete Installation: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) CSTN171 introduces students to building site preparation techniques including equipment and safety protocols, foundation preparation, and slab construction. Students will learn proper hands-on techniques for layout, placement, reinforcement, and curing of concrete",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 105",
      "CSTN 120"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 173",
    "title": "Arch Construct and Material: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to identify the origins of materials and the extraction, properties, processing, and assemblies of the basic materials of construction. Thorough working knowledge of materials can enhance a construction project and enlighten the client, designer, drafts-person or end user. A complete understanding of materials, methods, techniques, sequences, and procedures can unify a design and create timeless, contemporary elements.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 7 credits.",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-191.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 220",
    "title": "Interior Finish Lab: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course has been developed to provide students with a general yet technical understanding of interior finish applications and methods. It will also provide students with instruction on how to safely and confidently use and maintain portable and stationary power tools associated with the fabrication of finish materials",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 122"
    ],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 248",
    "title": "Plans Examining II - IBC - Commercial Codes, Blueprint Reading, and Estimating: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce blueprints and emphasize blueprint reading, scaling, analyzing, and estimating plan components for commercial and multiple-residence projects. Topics covered will include: building use and occupancy, special occupancy requirements, height and area limitations based on construction type, fire resistance and protection requirements, requirements for evacuation, accessibility for persons with disabilities, building systems (lighting, HVAC, plumbing, electrical and elevators), and structural components. Commercial building code criteria in the design process will be emphasized. Students will also be taught how to use plans to bid and price materials",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 148"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-248",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-248.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 275",
    "title": "Construction Trades Ethics: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Construction Trades Ethics will discuss the basic ethical agreements and concepts on jobsites and within construction projects and contracts. Students will review case study scenarios to better understand potential industry situations and how to address them in an ethical manner.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cstn/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-275.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000051",
    "code": "CSTN 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cstn-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 102",
    "title": "Introduction to Culinary Arts: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce students to the variety of skills, equipment, culture and careers associated with culinary arts and the food service profession. Classes will expose students to kitchen sanitation principles, culinary vocabulary, and safe usage of culinary tools and equipment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 103",
    "title": "Professional Chef I: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This experiential course will introduce the required foundational skills expected for a Professional Chef. Fundamental cooking and baking theories, techniques and principles for professional cooking, baking and food service will be presented and practiced. Gallatin College.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-103",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-103.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 104",
    "title": "Professional Chef II: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Professional Chef II will prepare the student chef to enter the hospitality industry. Students will work scheduled sous chef shifts, coordinate pop-up events, build menus, cost and develop recipes, and purchase goods. This course will also include practicum hours outside of class.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-104",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-104.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 105",
    "title": "Food Safety Sanitation: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will teach the sanitation procedures for a clean, safe, and sanitary food service environment. Instruction will be given on safe, sanitary food handling and why this is critical in a professional food service environment.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-105",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-105.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 106",
    "title": "Kitchen and Food Production Fundamentals : 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Culinary Skills majors only. CULA 106 touches on topics and specific kitchen skills aiming for development of foundational knowledge and abilities expected for a Culinarian entering the workforce. Product identification, culinary history, and an introduction to food systems will be introduced",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-106",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-106.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 108",
    "title": "Station Cookery: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Culinary Skills majors only. This course teaches the fundaments of working and managing professional kitchen “Stations”: Grill, Saute, Fryer, Expo, Lunch, Breakfast, Bakeshop, and aspects of banquet/catering service. Product preparation/organization, ala carte cooking techniques, line communication, order assembly, and guest service will be introduced",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 112",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Protein Cookery: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Culinary Skills majors only. This course focuses on specific kitchen skills and cooking abilities of proteins, including identification of muscle types, fabrication of cuts, appropriate cooking methods, doneness and textures, and plating and presentation",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 123",
    "title": "American Regional Cuisine: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) CULA 123 is an experiential course that will introduce American regional cuisines, ingredients, preparation methods, and cultural influences on foods. Kitchen labs will focus on taste, flavors, and styles of America’s diverse cuisines. Students will demonstrate advanced cooking techniques with an emphasis on critical thinking then evaluate completed dishes. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-123",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 131",
    "title": "World Cuisine: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This experiential course will explore world cuisines and cookeries. Students will become acquainted with food customs, traditions, and ingredients and then prepare dishes for evaluation. Students will select recipes, develop menus, and purchase accordingly.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-131",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-131.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 157",
    "title": "Pantry and Garde Manager: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Garde Manger introduces students to techniques, procedures and operations of the Garde Manger chef and cold kitchen (pantry). The preparation of salads, sauces, sandwiches, cheeses, and hors d'oeuvres will be covered in this class. Additionally, students will gain hands-on experience producing cold meat and fish dishes, carving ice butter and lard centerpieces, and designing cold food buffets.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-157",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-157.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 161",
    "title": "Meats and Vegetables: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will explore meats, vegetables, nuts and legumes as ingredients and center of the plate foods. A variety of cooking techniques and procedures will be utilized to complement foods and to cook to proper degree of doneness. The course work will reiterate, and expand upon, the skills learned in CULA 102 Intro to Culinary Arts and CULA 103 Professional Chef.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-161",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-161.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 165",
    "title": "Baking and Pastry: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This experiential course covers baking and pastry fundamentals including the history, terminology, ingredients, technology, equipment, storage, and sanitation in the bakery. There will be a focus on wheat, flours, grains, and fermentation. Students gain experience in using various mixing, holding, and baking techniques to create breads, laminated doughs, quick breads, and pastry items.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-165",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-165.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 220",
    "title": "Purchasing and Cost Control: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The propose of this course is to develop an understanding of purchasing and receiving procedures in foodservice operations. This class will examine ways to maximize profits and minimize waste by establishing quality standards, procurement practices, and inventory control",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ACTG 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-220",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 247",
    "title": "Bar and Beverage Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to wine, beer, spirits, coffee and non-alcoholic beverages from a culinary perspective. Students will examine production, labeling, and laws of the beverage industry. Proper service, presentation and storage of beverages will be reviewed. This course will emphasize skills needed to pair food and beverage in casual and fine dining establishments.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-247",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-247.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 250",
    "title": "Hospitality Supervision and Customer Service: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) A holistic analysis of concepts, methods, and strategies that are necessary for success in hospitality supervision and customer service",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HTR 107"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-250",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-250.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 255",
    "title": "Montana Meats and Charcuterie: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This experiential learning course analyzes traditional butchery techniques and small batch charcuterie production. Students will gain hands-on experience processing meats, fowl, and seafood. Demonstrated techniques will include whole animal butchery, seam cutting, dry-aging, boning, curing, drying, brining, fermentation, potting, preserving, forcemeats, and sausage production.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-255",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-255.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 265",
    "title": "Dairy Foods and Culturing: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This experiential course will familiarize students with traditional and modern techniques of cheese making, dairy culturing, basic fermentation and preserving. Sanitation and HACCP procedures will be applied to the production of foods such as crème fraîche, kefir, yogurt, cheeses, ginger beer, shrub, kombucha, kimchi, and sauerkraut.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-265",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-265.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 280",
    "title": "Senior Practicum: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) CULA 280 Senior Practicum will serve as an experiential capstone course in which students will plan and prepare dinners for paying guests utilizing the skill set they have accumulated throughout their culinary coursework. This course will also focus on menu design, facilities planning, marketing, labor, purchasing, writing a business plan and critiquing the work of other teams",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CULA 102",
      "CULA 103",
      "CULA 104"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-280",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-280.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000052",
    "code": "CULA 298",
    "title": "Internship: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The Internship is a required course, in which the student applies the concepts and competencies learned while in school in a real-world environment, under the supervision of an industry professional.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/cula/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-298",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/cula-298.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 101",
    "title": "CAD 1-A: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course starts with basic software recognition and user interface concepts, introduces basic computer drafting principles and commands, including some intermediate concepts including 3D visualization and drafting and document publishing. Students will learn blocks, fields, CAD tips and shortcuts, and also create their own template and title block. The featured software is AutoCAD Architecture. There is no prerequisite. This course, when followed by DDSN 102 – CAD-1B, is equivalent to DDSN 118 CAD-1.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-101",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-101.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 102",
    "title": "CAD 1-B: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course, students will focus on using AEC objects to create construction documents of designs created by others.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-102",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-102.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 112",
    "title": "Professional Practices: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Students in this course will learn how to create a professional looking and effective résumé, understand their strengths and weaknesses, talents, and aptitudes, know how to properly seek employment in their chosen field, present themselves well in interviews and elevator pitches, know the basics of setting up their own business, understand the basic principles of the business of the Design Drafting field and learn how to continue to improve in all of these areas.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-112",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-112.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 113",
    "title": "Technical Drafting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is divided into two parts. The first half of the semester is devoted to free hand sketching. The second half of the semester is hand drafting with an emphasis on learning the components of residential construction. Traditional drafting tools will be used such as T Squares, triangles, scales, eraser shields, and mechanical pencils.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-113",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-113.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 114",
    "title": "Introduction to CAD: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Provides the learner with an understanding of two-dimensional computer-aided drafting. Students explore and create two dimensional drawings with the aid of AutoCAD software (made by Auto desk). Drawings focus on architecture, mechanical and civil engineering applications.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000210"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-114",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-114.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 118",
    "title": "CAD I: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) (4 Lec) F This course starts with basic software recognition and user interface concepts, introduces basic Computer Aided Drafting principles and best practices. The course begins with the User Interface and progresses through 2D and 3D drafting and visualization. AEC Objects, and Document Publishing. Software featured: AutoCAD Architecture.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-118",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-118.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 124",
    "title": "Descriptive Geometry: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(4 Lec) S Prerequisite: DRFT 131. Advanced theory and practices in descriptive geometry construction and pattern development are covered in this course in preparation for advanced courses in Design Drafting. Descriptive Geometry teaches 3D visualization and how to solve geometric problems by drawing them in CAD. Typically Taken – 2nd Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DRFT 131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-124",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-124.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 131",
    "title": "Introduction to Drafting and Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introductory course, teaching hand and CAD drafting as it relates to Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Industrial Design.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-131",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-131.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 135",
    "title": "SolidWorks I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is a study and application of standards used for producing working drawings, including the fundamentals of geometric dimensioning and tolerance. Both detail and assembly drawings will be produced. Typically Taken – 2nd Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-135",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-135.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 166",
    "title": "Revit I: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will be introduced to Parametric Design and Building Information Modeling (BIM) that make up the base platform of this software as they work through a variety of drafting projects",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 173",
      "DDSN 131",
      "IDSN 230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-166",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-166.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 186",
    "title": "Intermediate Drafting & Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Create templates, set up and modify printers, generate shortcuts and subroutines, and increase drafting speed and efficiency. Transition from an AutoCAD user into a competent CAD manager. Typically Taken – 2nd Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 101",
      "DDSN 118",
      "DDSN 131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-186",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-186.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 215",
    "title": "Mechanical Detailing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Mechanical detailing introduces the fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing. Beginning with basics of blueprint reading, students will learn the terminology, rules, and symbols of GD&T as outlined in the ASME Y14.5M standards Repeatable up to 18 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 148",
      "DDSN 135",
      "MFTG 205",
      "ASME Y14"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-215",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-215.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 235",
    "title": "SolidWorks II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course presents the advanced use of new designing techniques and capabilities of solid modeling using the SolidWorks software, including the integration of the advanced parametric modeling and drawing tools for SolidWorks",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 135"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-235",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-235.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 236",
    "title": "Product Design Challenges: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course takes students through a series of design assignments & a semester-long project exploring the design processes used by companies in the prototyping and product design industry",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MFTG 205",
      "DDSN 135"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-236",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-236.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 244",
    "title": "GIS and Mapping: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Fundamentals of reading, interpreting, analyzing and designing maps. Topics of emphasis include 1.) the nature of geographic information, 2.) how geographic information systems (GIS) facilitates data analysis, and 3.) how cartographic design principles can be used to create maps that excel at effective visual thinking and communication. Students will create design effective reference and thematic maps for specific users. Typically Taken – 4th Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-244",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-244.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 245",
    "title": "Civil Drafting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) S Prerequisite: DDSN 118 or DDSN 101 or Program Director Approval. This course builds upon previous CAD experience and applies those skills to creating drawings specifically for the Civil Engineering industry. Instruction will be given relating to basic engineering principles like: survey data, acquisition, contour/break line creation, azimuth/bearing calculations, coordinate systems, latitude/longitude, and slope/grade calculations. Projects will primarily use AutoCAD Civil 3D software.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 118",
      "DDSN 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-245",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-245.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 265",
    "title": "Architectural Drafting: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The students in this course will create, from scratch, an entire two story home, and draw the plans in CAD to the level where it is ready to be submitted for permit to the City of Bozeman or other municipality. Plans will include: Site Plan, Four Exterior Elevations, Foundation Plan, Main Floor Plan, Second Floor Plan, Electrical Plans, Sections and Details as required. All drawings must follow current codes including: International Residential Code, International Mechanical Code, Fuel Gas Code, International Energy Conservation Code, Uniform Plumbing Code, and National Electrical Code. Historical US Home Styles and Space Planning Problems will also be explored",
    "prerequisites": [
      "CSTN 173",
      "DDSN 118",
      "DDSN 131",
      "DDSN 166"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-265",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-265.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 266",
    "title": "Revit II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) S Prerequisite: DDSN 166 . Students will be introduced to Parametric Design and Building Information Modeling (BIM) that make up the base platform of this software as they work through a variety of drafting projects. Typically Taken 4th Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 166"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-266",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-266.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 267",
    "title": "Construction Visualization: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course advances BIM skills, emphasizing customization, efficiency, and productivity. It covers construction visualization, documentation, and reality capture, preparing students for modern industry demands. Recommended prerequisites: DDSN 118 or DDSN 131 , and DDSN 166 .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 118",
      "DDSN 131",
      "DDSN 166"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-267",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-267.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 275",
    "title": "Computer Rendering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce basic computer rendering concepts and explore the use of current popular software. 2D and 3D concepts will be explored. Featured software: Adobe Photoshop and Google Sketchup. Typically Taken - 1st Semester (Fall)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 101",
      "DDSN 118",
      "DDSN 131"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-275",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-275.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 276",
    "title": "Presentation & Animation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Excites the student through immersion into the topic of 3D computer graphics and animation. Digital environments are explored using the 3D Studio Max software. Interdisciplinary projects are created utilizing digital object construction, lighting, camera, kinetic and artistic techniques.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-276",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-276.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 291",
    "title": "Mechanical Detailing: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Mechanical detailing introduces the fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing. Beginning with basics of blueprint reading, students will learn the terminology, rules, and symbols of GD&T as outlined in the ASME Y14.5M-2009 standards",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 131",
      "DDSN 135",
      "MFTG 205",
      "ASME Y14"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 298",
    "title": "Internship: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) F,S,Su Prerequisite: Program Director approval only. Job experience within your chosen field. Typically Taken – 4th Semester (Spring).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-298",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-298.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000053",
    "code": "DDSN 299",
    "title": "Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In this capstone class students will create a professional portfolio (both digital and physical) using InDesign in addition to the software which they have learned throughout the program. This will be the ultimate demostration of their knowledge, skill, and experience gained over the previous two years. Students will learn how to find employment in the hidden job market, conduct informational interviews and present themselves and their work in a professional setting.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ddsn/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-299",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ddsn-299.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000054",
    "code": "DGED 585",
    "title": "Thesis Prep in Absentia: ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Thesis preparation for students enrolled in absentia.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/dged/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-585",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-585.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000054",
    "code": "DGED 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/dged/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000054",
    "code": "DGED 613",
    "title": "IGERT: Scientific Proposal Writing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The goal of this course is to provide the doctoral student with strategies, practical skills and experience in seeking funding sources and writing and evaluating scientific proposals. The student should leave this course with a proposal that is ready to submit for funding",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DGED 610",
      "DGED 611"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/dged/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-613",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/dged-613.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 100",
    "title": "Intro to Biological Engr: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An introduction to engineering measurements, computations, problem solving, and experimental design. Discussion of the breadth of opportunities in chemical and biological engineering. Cross-Listed with ECHM 100 .",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-100",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-100.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 125CS",
    "title": "Microbes in the Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) During the semester, students will explore contemporary issues related to microorganisms in the environment through a series of lectures and hands-on activities. Topics will include microbes in environmental, industrial, and medical settings. Examples include the beneficial role microbes play in treating waste water and making beer, wine, cheese and other food products as well as problems caused by microbes in medical infections, hot tubs, drinking water, and other industrial systems. Completing this course will advance a student's awareness and appreciation of scientific thought and critical thinking and will improve communication skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-125cs",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-125cs.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-290r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-290r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-292",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-292.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 316",
    "title": "Elem Princ of Biological Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Fundamentals of energy balances in biological engineering applications",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECHM 201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-316",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-316.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 393",
    "title": "Turkish Bioengin Electives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Transfer equivalency. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-393",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-393.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 396",
    "title": "Turkish Bioengin Electives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ebio/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-396",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/ebio-396.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000055",
    "code": "EBIO 407",
    "title": "Biological Engineering Thermodynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Principles of thermodynamics, conservation of energy and phase equilibria applied to living systems and biological processes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EBIO 316",
      "CHMY 211",
      "CHMY 321",
      "CHMY 323"
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    "code": "ECHM 594",
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    "code": "ECIV 308",
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      "EGEN 203",
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    "code": "ECIV 309",
    "title": "Building Information Modeling in Construction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "ECIV 311",
    "title": "Construction Project Documentation: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "code": "ECIV 401",
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    "description": "(F) Course providing training on the pre-construction design process of highway projects at the Montana Department of Transportation. This course is offered to students in cooperation with MD Design Unit in Bozeman. The course is intended to follow summer employment with MDT Design Unit",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 489R",
    "title": "Civil Engineering Design I: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Concurrent registration with ECIV 401 is required. Senior capstone course. Discussion of the design process from conceptual/preliminary design to final design, plans, and specifications. Develop proposal for engineering services, including scope of work, data acquisition, and organization of design team .",
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      "ECIV 308",
      "ECIV 315",
      "ECIV 320",
      "ECIV 333",
      "ECIV 350"
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    "code": "ECIV 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-4 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "ECIV 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 498",
    "title": "Internship: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field. Students may not take this course the semester they graduate Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 499R",
    "title": "Capstone: Civil Engineering Design: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course for civil engineering students. Students work in teams on design of an engineering project, integrating technical and professional skills. Projects include evaluation of design alternatives and communication of design recommendations. Lecture content may include topics relevant to the project completion, including project management, cost estimates, and engineering services during construction. Students must be in final semester of the degree program",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 333",
      "ECIV 312",
      "EGEN 310R"
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 504",
    "title": "Construction Productivity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. Management concepts will include human factors as well as enlightened leadership and advanced management concepts. Productivity improvement data collection, analysis, and solutions to include the construction work force and cost",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 505",
    "title": "Quality Assurance and Risk Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. Analysis of quality assurance and control concepts to include utilization of statistical analysis. Application of risk analysis principles to the construction process to minimize liability and project costs",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGEN 350",
      "EIND 354",
      "STAT 332",
      "ECIV 308",
      "ECIV 498",
      "ETCC 498"
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 506",
    "title": "Ad Construction Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. Broad issues of construction sustainability (LEED, Lean Construction, Environmental requirements, etc.) and how the construction industry needs to manage this process .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 498",
      "ETCC 498"
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 507",
    "title": "Law of the Construction Industry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. ONLINE ONLY. This class exposes engineers to the effect of law, rules and regulations on their work both from a practical perspective, for example, what engineers should know about basic concepts of contract law, to more abstract concepts like whether, and in what manner, government should mandate green construction practices. It is about understanding how the construction industry works within a framework of rules and regulations, critically considering whether the rules help or hinder the construction process and most importantly, how you as future leaders in the engineering profession are going to make the process better.",
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    "code": "ECIV 511",
    "title": "Building Structural Systems: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Analysis of multistory structural systems. Emphasis on lateral force resisting systems in steel framed buildings .",
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      "ECIV 414",
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    "code": "ECIV 512",
    "title": "Structural Dynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, even years. Response of structures to dynamic loads, including seismic loads",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 312"
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    "code": "ECIV 513",
    "title": "Behavior of Concrete Structure: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, odd years. Behavior of reinforced concrete members, frames, and shear wall systems. Significance of behavior in design of reinforced concrete structures",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 484"
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    "code": "ECIV 514",
    "title": "Behavior of Steel Structures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. Behavior of steel members and frames. Significance of behavior in design of steel structures",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 414"
    ],
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    "code": "ECIV 515",
    "title": "Adv Structural Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. This course presents the theoretical background behind common finite elements used by structural engineers. This course will allow students to utilize finite element structural engineering software in an informed manner. Application of design software for typical structures will be practiced. Interconnection of FEA software and design codes will be explored",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGEN 415"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 519",
    "title": "Bridge and Prestressed Concrete Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, odd years. Design of concrete structures utilizing pre- and post-tensioned concrete elements. Introduction to bridge analysis and design",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 315"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 521",
    "title": "Applied Geotechnical Engin: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, even years. Principles of geotechnical site investigations and advanced laboratory testing for the purpose of characterizing soils and the determination of engineering soil properties used in the design of soil structures",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 320"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 524",
    "title": "Advanced Soil Mechanics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, odd years. Topics leading to an advanced understanding of the engineering behavior of soils with an emphasis on settlement and shear strength",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 320"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 526",
    "title": "Geotechnical Aspects of Earthquake Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, odd years. Principles of engineering seismology and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Focus is on advanced principles, evaluation procedures, and design methods",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 320"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 529",
    "title": "Groundwater Contamination: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to fundamental concepts, applied analysis and design related to groundwater flow, well mechanics, contaminant transport and remediation technologies. Co-convened with EENV 434 , graduate students who took EENV 434 as undergraduates should not take ECIV 529",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGEN 335",
      "ECIV 337",
      "ECHM 321",
      "EENV 434"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000179"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 530",
    "title": "Adv Hydraulic Investigations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. Advanced topics in hydraulics and fluid mechanics.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 531",
    "title": "River Modelling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, odd years. Theory and practice of multi-dimensional open channel modelling including theory, field data collection, data management, modelling best practices, verification and validation.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-531",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 544",
    "title": "Civil Engineering Computations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The focus of this course is to teach students to appreciate and use various computational tools to solve complex civil engineering problems. Specifically, this course will focus on the MATLAB programming language and will cover a comprehensive set of tools and methods available in this program. Elements learned in this program (logical functions, loops, matrices) will be extended to various other programs suitable for such analyses",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 202"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 554",
    "title": "Transportation Safety: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, odd years. This course addresses safety of the highway system as related to design, construction, and operations. The course provides an overview of the various elements of the highway system namely, road users, vehicles, roadways, and environment as related to safety. Apart from the introduction, the course is structured in three distinct components that represent the sequential stages in highway life; i.e. design, construction, and operations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 350"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 555",
    "title": "Survey Data Collection & Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() No longer offered. This course introduces students to the principles and practice of survey data collection and analysis for transportation engineering and elevates students' ability to design and apply scalable approaches to analyze transportation-related data. Transportation survey design, implementation and analysis are covered. Methods and techniques for anticipating traffic events (crashes, congestion, etc.) are studied. Co-convened with ECIV 455",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGEN 350",
      "EIND 354"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 556",
    "title": "Traffic Flow Fundamentals: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. This course covers traffic stream parameters, their relationships, and important analytical techniques in traffic engineering such as capacity analysis, queuing analysis, shockwave analysis, and traffic simulation. Topics covered are essential in understanding the behavior of vehicular traffic as a complex system",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ECIV 350",
      "EGEN 350",
      "STAT 332"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 575",
    "title": "Research or Prof Paper/Project: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-575",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-589",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Civil Engineering Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-591",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-592",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-594",
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individual assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organizations to provide guided experience in the field. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-598",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-598.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000058",
    "code": "ECIV 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Civil Engineering Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eciv/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-690",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eciv-690.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000059",
    "code": "ECNS 101IS",
    "title": "Economic Way of Thinking: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Introduces important tools and methods of economics, including the core reasoning that underlies decision-making, analytical thinking and problem solving, demand and supply analysis, and indicators of economic performance. Emphasis is on application of the tools of economics to current issues of social and personal importance. Must enroll in ECNS 105 as a co-requisite if math level is below 300",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000194",
      "gallatin-000196",
      "gallatin-000197",
      "gallatin-000201"
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    "id": "gallatin-000059",
    "code": "ECNS 105",
    "title": "Study Econ Way of Thinking: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed study in a small group setting for ECNS 101 students. Students meet weekly in small groups to review ECNS 101 concepts, gain additional practice with economic problems, and complete in-class problem sets",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ecns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/ecns-105",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000059",
    "code": "ECNS 132",
    "title": "Econ & the Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduces important tools and methods of economics in relation to renewable and non-renewable natural resource issues, environmental resources, pollution control issues, and the global environment. Topics include fisheries, wildlife, surface water use, oil, natural gas, minerals, public lands, resource preservation, climate change, biodiversity and population",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/ecns/",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course will help learners to develop personal insights, interpersonal skills, and management practices for working with diverse K-12 student populations with a focus on trauma-informed education practices. This course will introduce learners to the theory and foundations of trauma-responsive practices to apply in a variety of settings.",
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    "title": "Addressing Equity in Linguistic and Cultural Diversity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Examination of the school-society relationship in the United States and of the many issues and variables embedded in this relationship, including equal opportunity, human diversity, ideology, politics, and social change. Foundational perspectives (historical, political, social, and policy) will be explored",
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    "code": "EDCI 520",
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    "code": "EDCI 522",
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    "code": "EDCI 525",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course focuses on theoretical and practical concerns in science education. Research, conceptual frameworks and policy issues will be introduced, as well as teaching and learning activities for elementary and secondary science classrooms",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 530",
    "title": "Improvement of Math Instruction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will focus on developing mathematical knowledge for teaching through the study of mathematics education literature, designing and testing mathematics lessons, diagnosing student errors, and using those errors as a bridge to better understanding",
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    "code": "EDCI 531",
    "title": "Contemporary Issues in Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course is designed to establish the necessary social, technical, and research, foundations for cohort groups in the Master's degree program. This course will examine critical issues in education including advanced pedagogy, Indian Education for All, and school law",
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    "code": "EDCI 532",
    "title": "General School Curriculum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 533",
    "title": "Middle Years School: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 534",
    "title": "Literacy Assessment and Instruction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 536",
    "title": "Construction of Curriculum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The development and evaluation of curriculum based on psychological and social foundations of curriculum, curriculum theory, developmental models, design issues, purposes, implementation plans and techniques for assessing the impact of curriculum change",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 538",
    "title": "Supporting SEL in Diverse Learners: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "EDCI 538 Supporting SEL in Diverse Learners is meant to enhance MAT students’ understanding of K-12 students’ social and emotional needs in addition to developing strategies to support the whole child. Strategies to build connections and build social and emotional competencies in students will be explored. MAT students will have the opportunity to put learned strategies into action through participation in a week-long on-campus mentoring and personal growth camp for middle grades students.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 539",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching: K8 Arts and Health Enhancement through Inquiry Camp: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The purpose of this course is to develop an understanding of Arts and Health Enhancement (HE) standards and pedagogy and ways in which to implement these topics through examination of current theory and practice of Arts and HE education in grades K-8. This course also has a strong inclusive component as it integrates field experience participation pairs MAT students with children with diverse support needs for a week-long camp experience",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 540",
    "title": "American Indian Studies for Ed: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course serves to equip teachers with the skills, knowledge, and dispositions to meet Indian Education for All requirements for the state of Montana, and fulfills similar expectations in surrounding states. Instruction pertains to the history, traditions, customs, values, beliefs, and contemporary affairs of American Indians, particularly tribal groups in the Northern Plains Region",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 541",
    "title": "History & Philosophy of Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In its classical obligation, philosophy meant \"a love of learning.\" This course traces the growth of cultural and intellectual awareness in human civilizations and examines how we humans learned to create tools for the mind. Teachers learn to see the nature of formal cultural systems in the way they developed, and to recognize the central concepts that are the key to learning any subject",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 542",
    "title": "Creative Processes in Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) -Department of Education",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 543",
    "title": "Introduction to Curriculum Design and Assessment: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Must be enrolled in the Master of Arts in Teaching program. Fundamental concepts of educational curriculum planning and assessment for classroom teachers, including the relationship of assessment to educational standards and learning activities, quality of assessment, principles of item construction, evaluation of student responses, interpretation of results, improvement of techniques, and differentiation of planning.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 544",
    "title": "Philosophical Issues in Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of contemporary educational issues using the perspectives of traditional and contemporary philosophical documents",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 545",
    "title": "Organization of Information in School Library Media Centers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course students learn application of descriptive and subjective cataloging content and procedures including: Dewey Decimal and other classification schemes, Sears and Library of Congress subject headings, MARC records, and RDA rules. Technology issues for automation and management of library holdings are also examined. Restricted to Library Media Certificate students",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 546",
    "title": "Administration of the School Library: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) Explore trends, procedures, and techniques in the administration of the school library including management, leadership skills, budgeting, facility design, and evaluation techniques",
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 547",
    "title": "Inquiry Based Learning for School Librarians: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Develop skills and strategies for teaching inquiry-based learning in the school library and in collaboration with other educators. Design lesson and/or unit plans that provide standards-based instruction that address library and content standards. Design assessment and evaluation tools to measure learner's achievement on library standards.",
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      "gallatin-000176"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 548",
    "title": "Collection Development for School Libraries: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examine the principles and explore approaches to the management, development, use, and evaluation of diverse, equitable, and inclusive library collections in school library media centers",
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      "gallatin-000176"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 549",
    "title": "Reading Promotion in the School Library: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explore the field of children's and young adult (YA) literature through reading and evaluation of children's and YA materials, with particular attention to diversity, equity, and inclusion. Design and evaluate instructional and promotional activities to engage all learners in reading",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000176"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 550",
    "title": "School Library Ethics & Advocacy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Apply library ethical principles to the daily work of the school librarian, with particular attention to equity, access, copyright, privacy, and intellectual freedom. Develop a school library advocacy plan with communication strategies to use with various stakeholders, including school and district administrators",
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      "gallatin-000176"
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 551",
    "title": "Education Technology: Teaching, Learning, and Leadership: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Strategies to harness the power of technology to enhance teaching and learning while promoting 21st century skills, productivity, assessment and communication",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 552",
    "title": "Human Development and the Psychology of Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A course on the psychology of learning, including social, developmental, cultural, and cognitive aspects. We examine constructivist and social constructivist theories of education, and study the role language, symbols, concepts, and cultural systems play in the life of the mind. We study models and strategies for creating effective learning communities and for building school curriculum around the deep semantic structures and foundational perspectives of the disciplines. Also includes an Early Field Experience.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 553",
    "title": "Inclusive Strategies for Classroom Organization: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "We will examine how teachers work to build a coherent and supportive community responsive to the unique strengths and needs of each learner. Informed by the principles of universal design for instruction, we will examine and build organizational structures that sustain individual students’ cultural, learning, social, and behavioral needs in light of local, state and national requirements. This course is restricted to students enrolled in the online Master of Arts in Teaching program.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 554",
    "title": "Methods of Secondary Teaching: 5 Credits (5 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a course on the pedagogical dimensions of schooling. We cover practical strategies for the design and implementation of curriculum, the design and effective uses of evaluation, alignment of curriculum and assessments with standards, and strategies for meeting the needs of all learners by means of appropriate accommodations, adjustments, and interventions. Topics also include strategies to promote student understanding, meeting the needs of ESL students, lesson delivery, motivational techniques for instruction and assessment, and effective work with families and colleagues. This course integrates the topics of curriculum design, pedagogy, and assessment.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 555",
    "title": "Technology, Instructional Design, and Learner Success: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "EDCI 555 provides students with a foundation for the skills needed to effectively integrate educational technology tools and resources in a variety of K-12 contexts. This will include a focus on deliberate and intentional uses of technology that are pedagogically-sound and aligned with the research and issues currently shaping the use of educational technology",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 556",
    "title": "The Legal, Social, and Practical Basis of Schooling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a course on the history of American educational traditions, institutions, practices, policies, and legal rulings as configured within the framework of democratic institutions. This course informs the judgment of teachers by helping them understand schools as integral with the social, political, ideological, economic, and cultural contexts of the societies they serve. Includes practical information on governance structures, unions, school law, ethics, and the culture of the school as a professional workplace.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 557",
    "title": "Brain Science, Educational Research, and Teaching: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines key theories and concepts on the psychology of learning, from behaviorism through gestalt psychology to current variations of constructivism and cognitive science. Topics include brain imaging, cognitive science, a taxonomy of knowledge types, the power of narrative in learning, and a practical study in establishing curricular coherence through the use of foundational perspectives of the subject matter.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 558",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching Secondary: 5 Credits (2 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides a research and classroom based study of general teaching methods and covers topics such as culturally responsive teaching, differentiated instruction, and data-driven decision making. Topics also include strategies to promote student understanding, meeting the needs of ESL students, lesson delivery, motivational techniques for instruction and assessment, and effective work with families and colleagues. Course includes core section and content area lab.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 559",
    "title": "Internship: Equity, Special Needs, and Diversity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on the practical implementation of professional knowledge, skills, and dispositions in the social dimensions of teaching, knowing how to manage a classroom and development an effective learning community. It provides a research and classroom based study of equity; special education laws, theory and practice; diversity, directing theory into practice; and meeting national, state and local standards.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 561",
    "title": "Language Acquisition: Decoding and Encoding: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course introduces students to: (1) literacy fundamentals and (2) how a teacher can be an academic coach-guide who helps all students experience success. Course topics include approaches to reading and how the alphabetic code aids in decoding/word recognition and encoding/spelling",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-561.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 563",
    "title": "Language and Literacy Teaching and Assessment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class is based on the understanding that reading is a complex, multi-faceted process, which involves active processing of text. Skilled readers have strong word recognition skills, are fluent, possess an expansive vocabulary, and understand that reading is the construction of meaning. While reading, they self-regulate and use any number of fix-up strategies when comprehension breaks down. Struggling or striving readers benefit from a teacher who can guide them to become competent, strategic readers. Additionally, such a teacher knows how to use formative assessments to inform instruction. How these topics interface is the focus of this class",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-563.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 564",
    "title": "The Comprehensive Portfolio: 1-15 Credits (1-7 Lec, 1-8 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Graduate students in the MAT program only. This course guides the process of creating the capstone Comprehensive Portfolio in which students summarize all of their learning from the program and demonstrate how that learning has manifested in the success of the K-12 learners they teach. We study the use of portfolios as a mechanism for authentic assessment of professional practice by various professional organizations. Students engage in self-critique, peer evaluations, and the professional evaluation of your portfolio by faculty and other professional evaluators, and model the habits of self-study, reflection, and critique expected of teachers as life-long learners.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 565",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching: K8 Mathematics: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITES: M 419 and EDCI 561 This course focuses on mathematics knowledge for teaching and research-based mathematics teaching methods in the K-8 classroom.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDCI 561"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 566",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching: K8 Science: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course focuses on teaching science in elementary and middle school settings. The content is beased on cognitive psychology of learning and the structure of scientific disciplines. Emphasis is on teaching by inquiry and self-reflection on teaching practices.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-566",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 567",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching: K8 Language Arts: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course focuses on preparing you to assume responsibilities as responsive teachers and informed professionals who can contribute to dialogues regarding K-8 ELA education. This course provides instruction in best practices for teacher candidates which links current theory and practice of literacy instruction in grades K-8.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDCI 561"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-567",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 568",
    "title": "Methods of Teaching: K-8 Social Studies: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "EDCI 568 engages prospective K-8 teachers with the theory, research, and practice of social studies education. EDCI 568 integrates initial teacher licensure requirements with graduate level analysis. Course topics examine current issues and trends in K-8 social studies education; characteristics and dispositions of effective social studies teachers; strategies to promote student social understanding, civic efficacy, critical thinking, and engagement; and professional reflexivity",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDCI 561"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 569",
    "title": "Reflective Inquiry in Rural Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course is designed for students to engage in professional inquiry and analysis of theory, research, and practices that support and sustain effective rural teachers from recruitment to retirement. Students will construct a deep understanding of the complexities of the nature and work of rural teachers, including the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to thrive in rural classrooms, rural schools, and rural communities in Montana and beyond. Integration of theory, research, and practice will be emphasized.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-569",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-569.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 571",
    "title": "In-Service Education: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An approved supervised group study of an educational problem within a local school supervised by an MSU faculty member which culminates in a special report to be filed with the local district and the Department of Education Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-571",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-571.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper/Project: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This is the culminating research course in which students implement and report their research findings. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MSSE 501",
      "EDCI 504",
      "EDCI 505",
      "EDCI 509"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 577",
    "title": "Internship: OPI Teacher Certification: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An internship course restricted to OPI teacher certification students Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-577",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-577.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 578",
    "title": "Internship-BPE Teacher Certification-Library Media: 1-2 Credits (1-2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An internship course restricted to BPE teacher certification students enrolled in the Library Media Certificate program Repeatable up to 7 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-578",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edci-578.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 588",
    "title": "Western Transportation Institute: Connecting Rural Students to Road Science Research: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Restricted Entry: Requires contract with major advisor. May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "EDCI 591",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000061",
    "code": "EDCI 595",
    "title": "Student Teaching: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Lab)",
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    "code": "EDCI 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "EDCI 604",
    "title": "Advanced Educational Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of theory and research related to the diverse learning and motivation needs of K-12 students. Practical implications for effective teaching will be identified throughout the course",
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    "code": "EDCI 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Restricted Entry: Requires contract with major advisor. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 108",
    "title": "Introduction to Early Childhood Education: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course provides an overview of and introduction to early childhood education, including history, childcare licensing and program types, best practice standards, and ethics and professionalism. Students will complete a field experience in an approved early care and education program to help them understand the personal attributes and characteristics of an early childhood professional. Criminal background check required.",
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    "code": "EDEC 160",
    "title": "Early Childhood Development: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Development of children birth-8 years old. Cognitive, language, physical, social, and emotional domains are examined in addition to contexts of development that influence children’s well-being, such as family, school, and community. Theory, research, and application for professionals are emphasized.",
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    "code": "EDEC 249",
    "title": "Infant/Toddler Development and Group Care: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Spring, even years.) This course presents an overview of caregiving for infants and toddlers in group settings (birth – age 3). Developmentally appropriate programming for infants and toddlers is emphasized across multiple areas of development through materials, environments, and interactions. Standards for quality infant/toddler caregiving practices in the field and current research are explored, including the role of collaboration with families, professionals, and other community partners. Students will complete a lab experience with infants/toddlers in a group care setting which will include the use of observation, documentation, and planning for and using developmentally appropriate practice",
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      "EDEC 108"
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    "code": "EDEC 253",
    "title": "Nutrition & Physical Activity in Early Childhood: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Developmentally appropriate movement and health-related activities in early childhood education. Designing physical activity and nutrition programs in early childhood settings, implementing appropriate teaching practices, understanding movement concepts, and helping guide children in becoming physically active and healthy for a lifetime.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 260",
    "title": "Administration of Early Childhood Programs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Spring, odd years.) Analysis of state childcare licensing regulations and collaboration with state resource & referral agencies will prepare students to develop a business plan for starting their own early care and education program",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 288",
    "title": "Signing for Early Childhood Educators: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Provides foundational expressive and receptive skill acquisition in American Sign Language to meet federal demand for inclusionary practices in early childhood education and public school settings for deaf and hard of hearing, cognitive and language disorders, pervasive developmental disorders, etc.",
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    "code": "EDEC 292",
    "title": "EC Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 2-4 Lab)",
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    "code": "EDEC 350",
    "title": "Play and Learning in Early Childhood: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Current issues, research, theory, and practice related to young children's play, learning, and development in educational contexts. Planning and preparing developmentally appropriate learning environments and developing dispositions that promote teacher-child and family-school relationships, diversity and social justice, ethics and professionalism",
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    "code": "EDEC 362",
    "title": "Development, Education, and Well-Being of Children at Risk: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. The course emphasizes well-being indicators in children from a developmental, educational, and community perspective. Exploration and understanding of deficit models and strength models of well-being are examined within the context of tribal communities and other at-risk populations",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 385",
    "title": "Integrated Curriculum Early Childhood Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Observation, reflection, and analysis of various early childhood education curricula including Montessori, Reggio Emilia, and Waldorf. Curriculum planning, implementation, and evaluation. Laboratory experience in an early childhood classroom is required .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 395",
    "title": "Early Childhood Clinical Experience: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Supervised early childhood clinical experience in an approved early care and education setting. Students will use relationship building and guidance strategies to meaningfully engage with young children. Students will plan and implement developmentally appropriate play experiences for infants, toddlers, and/or preschool-aged children. Criminal background check required",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 430",
    "title": "Social and Emotional Development in the Young Child: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Social and emotional development in children birth to age eight in relation to young children's familial, social, and cultural contexts. This course also addresses effective strategies for promoting development and learning. Some observation of young children is required",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 450",
    "title": "Language and Literacy in Early Childhood: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Offered every other Spring. This course focuses on emergent language and literacy skills in early childhood. Students will: use theory, research, and professional standards to guide their use of developmentally appropriate and supportive language and literacy practices; explore the influences of family, school, and community; assess language and literacy skills using various measurements; and develop learning plans for diverse educational settings",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 453",
    "title": "P-3 STEAM: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course focuses on the integration of science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics in early childhood (preschool – grade 3) classrooms using an inquiry and project-based approach to support young children’s learning. Emphasis to content methods and curriculum standards in the STEAM disciplines to promote P–3 student creativity, problem solving, and critical thinking",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 455",
    "title": "P-3 English Language Arts and Social Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course focuses on methods and strategies to support children's language, listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in the context of P-3 classrooms. Developmentally appropriate practices and early learning standards are used to foster the child's sense of self, family, and community as related to social studies concepts",
    "prerequisites": [
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research ECE: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Research methods in Early Childhood Education, including survey, ethnography, case studies, and action research. Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 492",
    "title": "EC Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 494",
    "title": "EC Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Topics offered at the upper division level that are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting class materials Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 495",
    "title": "Early Childhood Practicum/Student Teaching: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) Criminal background check required. Senior capstone course. Supervised experience in programs for young children and collaboration with early childhood professionals in the community. Students will be responsible for lesson planning and teaching, as well as supervision and evaluation of young children",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edec/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000062",
    "code": "EDEC 498",
    "title": "EC Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment with a professional agency to provide a guided field experience. All students must receive department permission prior to registration Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000063",
    "code": "EDEL 503",
    "title": "Contemp Iss in Chld Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examination and interpretation of the themes of current, award-winning children's literature and their relevance to today's children. Inquiry projects will focus on topics of critical literacy. Emphasis will be on classroom application",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU 330",
      "EDU 301",
      "EDU 495"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edel/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 501",
    "title": "Foundations of Adult Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides a study of the field of profession of adult education as a part of life-long learning. Professionalism in adult education is approached through the study of historical and philosophical foundations, providers and programs, and teaching strategies appropriate for adult education settings",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 504",
    "title": "Tch & Lrn Adult Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a study of the adult learner, adult learning theories, and teaching strategies appropriate for adult education strategies. Practice teaching will be evaluated",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 507",
    "title": "Foundations of Educational Leadership: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is the entry course for the K-12 Educational Leadership program. Topics included are leadership theory and practice; instructional leadership; basic organization theory; working with students, staff, parents, and community; creating a vision and a strategic plan for realizing the vision; and the identification and initial development of leadership skills, including a personal and professional code of ethics",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000173"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 508",
    "title": "Supervision of Instruction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course emphasizes the improvement of teaching and learning through facilitating instructional capacity of teachers in schools. The use of the Danielson Framework for Teaching as it pertains to implementation of Common Core State Standards will be highlighted as will professional development and legal requirements of school and staff accountability",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000173"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 509",
    "title": "Issues and Trends in Higher Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is an in-depth and contemporary exploration of critical issues, trends, and forces facing and influencing higher education. The emphasis is on current issues, but we do cover some of the historical roots. The theme throughout the course is addressing the ways in which contemporary institutions respond to the critical issues and challenges as they are set within and often against the dynamic context of social, political, and economic forces",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 512",
    "title": "Finance and Administration in Higher Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The study of financial governance across higher education from macro-systems (national and state governing boards) to micro-systems (university, college, and department). In the course, students assess the impact of various decisions, methods of budgeting, and levels of funding on students",
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    "code": "EDLD 513",
    "title": "Resource and Program Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EDLD 515",
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    "description": "A study of the change process as applied to schools. Includes the theory and process of change, research about change, roles and practice, change models and systems, and leadership in school improvement planning and implementation, and evaluation of changed systems",
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    "code": "EDLD 520",
    "title": "Schools & Diverse Communities: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "EDLD 526",
    "title": "Evaluating School Programs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Post Secondary Distance Delivered Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EDLD 531",
    "title": "Student Development Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EDLD 532",
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    "code": "EDLD 534",
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    "title": "College Curriculum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EDLD 555",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course prepares school leaders to identify and analyze sources of fiscal and non-fiscal revenue and resources for schools and school districts, to manage financial and material assets, to develop an efficient budget planning process, and to perform a variety of budget management functions. Course emphasis is on Montana school finance. -",
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    "code": "EDLD 564",
    "title": "The Comprehensive Portfolio: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students create a professional portfolio to evidence their vision of learning, the culture of teaching and learning, community/school relationships, and the social, cultural, ethical, legal, political, and economic context of schooling",
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    "code": "EDLD 565",
    "title": "K-12 Instructional Leadership: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "gallatin-000173"
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    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 566",
    "title": "Administration and Supervision of Special Education Programs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000173"
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    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 571",
    "title": "In-Service Education: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 2-8 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A carefully supervised group study of an educational problem. The study will culminate in a special report, syllabus, blueprint, course of study or guide book or report to be filed with the local administrator and with the Department of Education Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-571",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-571.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 574",
    "title": "Field Experience in Educational Leadership: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a course that offers students the opportunity for guided field experience as a principal or superintendent in K-12 schools Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-574",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-574.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper & Project: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-588",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-588.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (4 Lec, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-592.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Consent of instructor. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-594",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-594.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Interns are those students already hired into an administrative position who have been approved by the Board of Public Education. The internship course is designed for those required to include practical experience as part of their degree. Course content is informed by bridging theory with practice and the on-the-job expectations and responsibilities Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-598.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 605",
    "title": "Higher Education History and Philosophy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is an in-depth past-to-present tour of the historical and philosophical development of American higher education set against the dynamic backgrounds of political, social, economic, cultural, and intellectual landscapes",
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    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-605.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 610",
    "title": "Leadership and Organizational Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course will provide existing school leaders with theories, concepts, and behaviors of effective leadership that addresses the challenges of schools today. The course encourages a deeper understanding of personal beliefs, style, values, and ethics required of school leaders. The development of a shared vision and strategic plan will be emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-610.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 616",
    "title": "Organization and Administration of Higher Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course students will examine the different organizational structures that characterize and govern American higher education. In this introduction to the field of higher education governance, organization and change structures and influences will be examined",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-616",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-616.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 620",
    "title": "The School Superintendent: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on the leadership skills necessary for the school superintendent. There is emphasis on superintendent relations with the school board and the school community, and on working with stakeholders to identify school priorities. The development of effective and appropriate communication strategies and interpersonal skills that promote public confidence for schools is stressed",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-620.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 628",
    "title": "College Students: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This foundations course reviews theory and research on undergraduate college students' learning, development, culture, demographics, and sub-populations, which inform current educational practice",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-628",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-628.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 630",
    "title": "Supervision & Instructional Leadership: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course focuses on increasing the knowledge and skills of supervising and leading instruction on a district or school systems basis. Emphasis is given to dimensions of leadership at the district level including supervision of the leadership team, aligning the vision, mission, and strategic plan with student needs, professional growth, and maximizing resources to support teaching and learning",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-630.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 635",
    "title": "College Teaching: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to explore the learning-teacher nexus; special attention is given to effective teaching practices, learning and assessment theories and perspectives, and effective course design. We approach and frame these topics through the scholarship of teaching and learning and with attention to traditional and diverse learners",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000174"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-635",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-635.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 643",
    "title": "Leading Social Justice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides a framework for inclusive leadership. Students evaluate the relationship among privilege, power, and educational equity from a variety of perspectives. Critical theory will be stressed in examining the complexities of diversity and its impact on organizational leadership",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-643",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-643.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 645",
    "title": "Personnel and Collective Bargaining in MT: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to prepare educational leaders to apply effective job analysis procedures, to understand performance appraisal for instructional and non-instructional staff, formulate professional growth plans, negotiate union agreements, and apply appropriate policies, criteria, processes for recruitment, selection, induction, and compensation of personnel with an emphasis on equity and diversity",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-645",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-645.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 650",
    "title": "MT Finance & Facilities: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to facilitate a more in depth understanding of the efficient and effective use of finances, facilities, and other tangible and intangible resources at the school district level. An emphasis will be placed on Montana school finance structures, equitable distribution of resources and the alignment of resources to strategic plans and district vision. This course fulfills the Montana Chapter 57 licensure requirements for superintendents educated in out of state preparation programs",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-650",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-650.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 655",
    "title": "MT Legal & Policy Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to facilitate a more in-depth understanding of legal issues relative to education in Montana and their policy implications. Students will increase their understanding of how legal decisions impact their school. They will explore policy analysis and implementation, and develop an understanding of how laws, policies, and systemic organizational life are intertwined. This course fulfills the Montana Chapter 57 licensure requirements for superintendents educated in out of state preparation programs",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edld/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-655",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/edld-655.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000064",
    "code": "EDLD 657",
    "title": "Education Policy & Politics: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides existing school leaders with an understanding of the goals of the U.S. and State level political systems, the governmental structures seek to achieve these goals, and the interest groups that influence the goals and their implementation Department of Education.",
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    "code": "EDLD 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Restricted Entry. This course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 401",
    "title": "Methods: 5-12 English: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course focuses on the construction of classroom curriculum and then uses that focus on curriculum to generate discussions and readings about classroom structure and management, school law, and the art and practice of teaching, itself.",
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      "EDU 382"
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    "code": "EDM 402",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Requires completion of 20 or more credits in subject area and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course will acquaint students with the current theory and practice of social studies education in grades 5-12. The course focuses on preparing you to assume responsibilities as responsive teachers, effective curriculum developers, and informed professionals who can contribute to local, state, and national dialogues regarding social studies education",
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      "gallatin-000206"
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 403",
    "title": "Methods: 5-12 Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: EDU 382 , 20 or more credits in subject area, and good standing in the Teacher Education Program Major themes such as constructivism, learning theory, science process skills, structure of scientific disciplines, assessment, lab safety and computer applications will be presented throughout the course.",
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    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000198",
      "gallatin-000199",
      "gallatin-000200"
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    "code": "EDM 404",
    "title": "Methods: 5-8 Mathematics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Effective techniques in presenting materials, planning class activities, and creating good learning experiences. Methods of teaching and evaluating arithmetic, remedial mathematics, basic geometry, introductory algebra, and reading/writing mathematics",
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 405",
    "title": "Methods: 9-12 Mathematics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course focuses on effective techniques in presenting materials and planning class activities (including lesson/unit). Methods of teaching and evaluating algebra, geometry, trigonometry, probability/statistics; application of current mathematics education research and reading in the content area of mathematics. Includes practicum experience",
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      "gallatin-000207"
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    "code": "EDM 406",
    "title": "Methods: 5-12 Health Enhancement: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will be provided background knowledge about physical education content, skill themes and movement concepts, how to teach skill themes and movement concepts, and fitness concepts. Students will be given extended time to observe teachers and practice their own teaching in a health enhancement classroom under the guidance of the instructor and an experienced public-school physical education teacher. 25-30 hours of field experience in a secondary PE setting.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 408",
    "title": "Methods: 5-12 Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Readings and written assignments explore curriculum content and program implementation, learner diversity, media resources, art content reading, lesson/unit planning and evaluation issues in 5-12 art education.",
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      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187"
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 410",
    "title": "Methods: K-12 Modern Language: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "EDU 382"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000203",
      "gallatin-000204",
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 411",
    "title": "Methods 5-12 Ag & Tech Ed: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A combination of instructor and peer-reviewed mini-lessons, class discussions, interactive presentations and other exemplary teaching models form the core of instruction for this course. Students will build skill and confidence in planning, instruction, and assessment.",
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      "EDU 382"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000210"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 412",
    "title": "Methods: 5-12 Family Consumer Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will include syllabi, unit and lesson planning, laboratory management, and assessment. In addition, the course emphasizes the integration of FCCLA into the FCS classroom.",
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      "EDU 382"
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      "gallatin-000178",
      "gallatin-000202"
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    "title": "Methods: K-8 Language Arts: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will acquaint ​​you ​​with ​​the ​​current ​​theory ​​and​​ practice ​​of ​​English Language​​ Arts ​​(ELA) ​​education​​ in ​​grades​​ K-8. ​​​​The​​ course ​​focuses ​​on ​​preparing​​ you ​​to ​​assume responsibilities ​​as ​​responsive ​​teachers​​ and ​​informed ​​professionals ​​who ​​can​​ contribute​​ to dialogues ​​regarding​​ K-8​​ ELA ​​education.​​ This​​ course ​​provides ​​instruction​​ in​​ the science of reading ​​for teacher ​​candidates ​​which ​​links ​​current ​​theory ​​and ​​practice ​​of ​​literacy ​​instruction​​ in ​​grades ​​K-8. Through ​​experiential ​​learning, ​​students ​​will ​​explore ​​methods ​​and ​​approaches ​​to ​​teaching​ ​ELA",
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      "EDU 330",
      "EDU 382"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000208"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 414R",
    "title": "Methods: K-8 Social Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will acquaint you with the current theory and practice of social studies education in grades K-8. The course focuses on preparing you to assume responsibilities as responsive teachers, effective curriculum developers, and informed professionals who can contribute to local, state, and national dialogues regarding social studies education",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDU 382"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 415",
    "title": "Methods: K-8 Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Includes content and pedagogy in teaching science in the elementary school classroom. Employs inquiry-based, experiential, hands-on teaching and learning strategies",
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      "EDU 382"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 416",
    "title": "Methods: K-8 Math: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course focuses on mathematics and mathematics teaching methods in the K-8 classroom. Topics include (1) school mathematics content areas, (2) mathematical processes and strands of mathematical proficiency, (3) Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM)/Montana Common Core Standards for Mathematics (MCCSM), (4) mathematics diagnosis and correction, and (5) technology integration",
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      "EDU 382"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 417",
    "title": "Methods: K-4 Health Enhancement: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Requires 20 or more credits in subject area and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. The purpose of this course is to equip future health enhancement teachers with the knowledge and skills to plan, organize and conduct a quality physical education program for children in grades pre-K-4. Students will be provided background knowledge about physical education content, skill themes and movement concepts, how to teach skill themes and movement concepts, and fitness concepts. Students will be given extended time to observe teachers and practice their own teaching in a health enhancement classroom under the guidance of the instructor and an experienced public-school physical education teacher. 25-30 hrs of field experience in an elementary PE setting.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 418",
    "title": "Methods: K-8 Health Enhancement: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Good standing in Teacher Education Program. Students will explore the methods of teaching content, skills and attitudes in the K-8 health enhancement classroom. Students will become acquainted with current practices and theory of both physical education and health education.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edm/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 419",
    "title": "Methods: K-4 Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Requires 20 or more credits in subject area, and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course includes experiences that enhance your understanding of how children engage in artistic processes, learn about the historical aspects of art and construct their place in a social world. You will explore these concerns through studio experiences, readings, discussions, teaching, written reports as well as locating and gathering resources for teaching visual arts in elementary schools",
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      "EDU 382"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186",
      "gallatin-000187"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000065",
    "code": "EDM 420",
    "title": "Methods: K-8 Creative Arts: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Also requires completion of IA core or RA core; and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course explores the elements of the creative arts within an elementary classroom. Students will explore how dance, drama, music and the visual arts (creative arts) provide ways of learning and inquiry. It is designed to provide students with creative arts content, skills and understandings that they will use to guide their creative endeavors as lifelong learners and teachers of lifelong learners. Students will review theoretical aspects and the origins of creative processes that explain how we explore, inquire and document human experience",
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      "EDU 382"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 301",
    "title": "Practicum I: K-8: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. Requires good standing in Teacher Education Program. This course is designed to introduce the professional environment of public schools and to prepare pre-service teachers for eventual student teaching. A particular focus will be spent on pre-service teacher accountability and development within the four framework components of the Montana Educator Performance Appraisal System: planning and preparation, classroom environment, instructional effectiveness for student learning, and professional responsibilities",
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      "EDU 382"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 302",
    "title": "Practicum II: K-8: 3 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. This course is designed to introduce the professional environment of public schools and to prepare pre-service teachers for student teaching. A particular focus will be spent on pre-service teacher accountability and development within the four framework components of the Montana Educator Performance Appraisal System: planning and preparation, classroom environment, instructional effectiveness for student learning, and professional responsibilities with increased rigor and independence within classroom settings following Practicum I",
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      "EDP 303"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 303",
    "title": "Practicum I & II (cohort): 3 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. This course is designed to introduce the professional environment of public schools and to prepare pre-service teachers for student teaching. A particular focus will be spent on pre-service teacher accountability and development within the four framework components of the Montana Educator Performance Appraisal System: planning and preparation, classroom environment, instructional effectiveness for student learning, and professional responsibilities",
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      "EDU 382"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 304",
    "title": "Practicum: 5-12/K-12: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. Also requires completion of 20 or more credits in licensure area and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course is designed to introduce the professional environment of accredited schools and to prepare pre-service teachers for student teaching. A particular focus will be spent on pre-service teacher accountability and development within the four framework components of the Montana Educator Performance Appraisal System: planning and preparation, classroom environment, instructional effectiveness for student learning, and professional responsibilities .",
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      "EDU 382"
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      "gallatin-000186"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edp/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 305",
    "title": "Practicum Lab: 5-12/K-12: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. Also requires completion of 20 or more credits in licensure area and good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course is designed to introduce the professional environment of accredited schools and to prepare pre-service teachers for student teaching. A particular focus will be spent on pre-service teacher accountability and development within the four framework components of the Montana Educator Performance Appraisal System: planning and preparation, classroom environment, instructional effectiveness for student learning, and professional responsibilities Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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      "EDU 382"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edp/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000066",
    "code": "EDP 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000067",
    "code": "EDSD 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edsd/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000067",
    "code": "EDSD 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edsd/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000067",
    "code": "EDSD 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000068",
    "code": "EDSP 306",
    "title": "Exceptional Learners: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An in-depth exploration of disabilities and implications for educators. Historical, societal, familial and educational attitudes; legal requirements of Preschool Amendments, IDEA and ADA including IEPs, IFSPs, 504s, FBAs, and BIPs. Identification, intervention, and best practices including multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) and RTI",
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      "EDEC 160",
      "EDU 222IS",
      "EDU 223IS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000186"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edsp/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000068",
    "code": "EDSP 410",
    "title": "Supporting Diverse Learners Through Collaboration: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Every other fall semester, alternating with EDSP 434 ) One of the most significant changes in education over the past several decades is the rapid growth of collaborative educational teams to address students’ educational needs. Students in this course will investigate processes and procedures that promote successful collaboration with students, families, colleagues (teachers, paraprofessionals, related service providers), and agencies to improve the education of students with disabilities. EDSP 410 students will also investigate how to successfully develop and implement a variety of transition plans for students with disabilities across a wide range of settings and learning experiences. Upon successful completion, EDSP 410 students will have improved specialized professional knowledge and enhanced pedagogical skills which will allow them to better support students with disabilities and their families",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDSP 306",
      "EDSP 434"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/edsp/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/edsp-410",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000068",
    "code": "EDSP 434",
    "title": "Behavioral Principles of Teaching & Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Every other fall semester, alternating with EDSP 410 . ) In this course, students will embark on a transformative exploration of behavioral principles in teaching and learning, intricately aligned with cutting-edge instructional techniques that meet Montana’s and the Council for Exceptional Children’s (CEC) stringent standards for inclusive education. EDSP 434 is designed to empower future special educators with a specialized toolkit of evidence-based teaching strategies tailored to students with disabilities in preschool through high school education settings. EDSP 434 students will refine their teaching approaches aimed at increasing positive experiences for students in school settings. The course will also result in EDSP 434 students being better able to embrace diversity and champion equitable access to rigorous and individualized curricula, shaping an educational landscape where every student, regardless of ability, thrives in an environment that encourages their unique potential",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "EDSP 410"
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    "code": "EDU 331",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Completion of a criminal background check required. A survey of children's books with an emphasis on their use in K-8 classrooms. Introduces the history and current genres of children's literature, selection criteria, award-winning books, and strategies for sharing books with students",
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    "code": "EDU 332",
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    "description": "Study of British and French literature for children is integrated with experiences in the arts. The course includes a three-week trip to England and France where participants will visit historical sites and see performances that bring stories to life.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000069",
    "code": "EDU 342",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Requires good standing in the Teacher Education Program. This course examines key factors in establishing a healthy learning environment for K-12 students. The course will explore factors that contribute to student success such as school law and policy and their relationship to the establishment of effective and respectful management, engaging classroom instruction, and meaningful learning for all students",
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    "code": "EDU 347",
    "title": "Managing the Learning Environment for K-12/Secondary: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Through scholarship and in-class practice, each class member will develop a theoretical and practical understanding of behavioral management. We’ll examine key factors in establishing a healthy learning environment for 5-12 students",
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    "code": "EDU 370",
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      "gallatin-000186"
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    "code": "EDU 382",
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    "code": "EDU 401",
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    "code": "EDU 491",
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    "id": "gallatin-000069",
    "code": "EDU 492",
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    "title": "Student Teaching: 5-16 Credits (5-16 Other)",
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    "code": "EDU 498",
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    "code": "EDU 606",
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    "description": "Doctoral Students will operationalize a research plan proposed in EDU 607 . Specifically, they will refine their research proposals to produce a dissertation proposal that is defensible by piloting research procedures, data collection methods, data analysis techniques, and presentation of results in written and oral formats",
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    "code": "EDU 612",
    "title": "Critical Race Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Critical Race Theory (CRT) is an analytical framework that provides a raced-based epistemological and methodological approach to study racial inequality in education. This seminar focuses on the application of CRT to educational leadership, policy, and practice",
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    "code": "EDU 613",
    "title": "Indigenous Methodologies in Educational Research: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of interdisciplinary methodologies demonstrated in an sociocultural context highlighting ethical practices when researching Indigenous peoples. Students get guidance in framing a culturally attuned methodology for their research and examine critiques of Indigenous methodologies",
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    "code": "EDU 614",
    "title": "Planning Program Assessment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course exposes students to the accepted literature, evaluation models, standards, strategies, and skills to plan and carry out an assessment or program evaluation of post-secondary educational programs or other administration settings. These assessments are aimed at various internal and external clients including accrediting agencies, national funding organizations, and other governing bodies of higher education",
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    "code": "EDU 617",
    "title": "Participatory Research in Education: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Prepares students to conduct rigorous research in partnership with communities, develop comprehensive knowledge of participatory research as an emerging educational research orientation, and provide leadership as project directors, principal investigators, and university faculty members",
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    "code": "EDU 637",
    "title": "Institutional Research and Assessment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will explore (a) the roles of institutional research and assessment in higher education; (b) appropriate measures of academic and administrative assessment, internal and external data sources, and analytic strategies; and (c) the communication of information to academic and administrative decision makers",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EDCI 506",
      "EDLD 616"
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    "code": "EDU 643",
    "title": "Leading Social Justice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course evaluates the potential for leadership theories, research, and practices to advance social justice across a range of educational contexts. Students evaluate the relationships among privilege, power, and educational equity from a variety of perspectives. Critical theory will be applied to examine the empirical and practical complexities of diversity and its impact on leadership within classrooms, schools, institutions, communities, and educational systems",
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    "code": "EDU 650",
    "title": "Dissertation Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to help students prepare their dissertation proposal",
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    "code": "EDU 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "code": "EELE 101",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Lecture/laboratory introduction to electrical fundamentals including Kirchhoff's and Ohm's Laws, using meters and oscilloscopes, time-varying signals in electric circuits, inductors and capacitors, series and parallel circuits, introduction to digital circuits, problem solving including computer applications, technical communications, team work",
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    "code": "EELE 201",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to circuit analysis, Ohm's and Kirchhoff's Laws, nodal and mesh methods, network theorems; resistors, capacitors, inductors, dependent sources, ideal op-amps; the complete response of first order circuits; complex frequency and phasors; steady-state AC circuits, coupled inductors and ideal transformers .",
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      "gallatin-000215"
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    "code": "EELE 203",
    "title": "Circuits II for Engineering: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Natural and forced response of R-L-C circuits, frequency response of R-L-C circuits and Bode plots, frequency response, slew-rate and DC imperfections of real op-amps; Laplace Transform, Fourier series and Fourier Transform techniques in circuit analysis; basic R-L-C and op-amp filters; two port networks",
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      "gallatin-000215"
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    "code": "EELE 217",
    "title": "The Science of Sound: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the principles of musical acoustics, sound systems, and audio technology for non-engineering students. This course is particularly geared toward students in the College of Arts and Architecture and in the Music Technology program",
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 250",
    "title": "Circuits, Devices and Motors: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Introduction for non-majors to electrical circuit principles, voltage and current laws, frequency response; introduction to electronic circuits including operational amplifiers, and power electronics; introduction to electromechanical energy conversion devices, DC and AC machines",
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      "PHSX 222"
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      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000221"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 261",
    "title": "Intro To Logic Circuits: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An introductory course in the fundamental concepts of classical digital design. Course covers design and implementation of combinational logic circuits, synchronous sequential circuits and information storage circuits. Basic concepts of Hardware Description Languages(HDLs), design and simulation of digital systems using HDLs, and digital system implementation with programmable logic devices are presented.",
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      "gallatin-000215",
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    "code": "EELE 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 308",
    "title": "Signals and Systems Analysis: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Discrete and continuous time signals and systems. Properties, application, synthesis and analysis for the CT and DT Fourier Series, the Fourier transform, the DTFT, z and Laplace transform. Applications in differential and difference equations, sampling, feedback, and communications. Introduction to the DFT. Laboratory experience emphasizing applications in differential and difference equations, sampling, and engineering data analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 203",
      "EGEN 350"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 317",
    "title": "Electronics: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This is an introductory course in electronics. It introduces diodes, bipolar junction transistors, field effect transistors and bipolar and MOS analog and digital circuits",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 203"
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      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000221"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 321",
    "title": "Introduction To Feedback Controls: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Classical continuous-time, transfer function approach to control systems engineering. Approximations, linearization, and time response. Design and analysis via root-locus, Nyquist, and Bode methods. Proportional, dominant pole, lead, lag, PID, and minor loop compensation. Describing functions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 203"
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      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216",
      "gallatin-000221"
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    "code": "EELE 334",
    "title": "Electromagnetic Theory I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Basic electric and magnetic fields including transmission lines. The materials covered will include both static and dynamic fields, traveling waves, and transmission line concepts such as impedance, reflection coefficient, and transient response",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222"
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      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000215"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 354",
    "title": "Electric Power Applications: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An applied study of electricity and electrical power circuits, with laboratory experience, for that person not expected to deal with electronics or advanced circuit techniques. Topics covered include electrical circuit laws; power and energy; alternating current circuits; residential, commercial and industrial wiring; wire sizing, three-phase circuits; and application of transformers and electric motors",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 207",
      "PHSX 222"
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      "gallatin-000217"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 355",
    "title": "Energy Conversion Devices: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Three-phase power; electromechanical energy conversion devices and motor drives; introduction of power electronic converters for power control and motor drive applications. Laboratory experience includes power measurements; experience with transformers and motor-generator operational characteristics and DC and AC motor drives operation",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 203",
      "EELE 250"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000217"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 367",
    "title": "Logic Design: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Hardware descriptive language (HDL) programming knowledge. Laboratory experience implementing advanced logic designs using FPGAs",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 261"
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      "gallatin-000214"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 371",
    "title": "Microprocess HW and SW Systems: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Introduction to the structure of microprocessors, arithmetic and logic units, processor control, interrupts, memories, and input/output. Laboratory experience in assembly level programming of microprocessor applications .",
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      "EELE 261"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000214",
      "gallatin-000221"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 394",
    "title": "Multidisciplinary Seminars: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students attend seminars presented by a variety of departments and disciplines to gain an appreciation of multidisciplinary environments leading to a greater understanding of the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 407",
    "title": "Intro To Microfabrication: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Provide an introduction to clean room safety protocol and micro fabrication. Lectures will introduce micro fabrication methods, models and equipment. Laboratories will perform the steps to produce and characterize a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor. -",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222",
      "PHSX 207"
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      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 408",
    "title": "Photovoltaic Systems: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Provide a basic understanding of the design, fabrication and operating principles of solar cells and how they are integrated into photovoltaic systems. Laboratories will perform the steps required to produce and characterize silicon solar cells. -",
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      "PHSX 222"
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      "gallatin-000217"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 409",
    "title": "EE Material Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Basic material properties of dielectrics, magnetic materials, conductors, and semiconductors. Practical applications of materials to semiconductor devices",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 203"
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      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 411",
    "title": "Advanced Analog Electronics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, odd years. This course covers differential and multistage amplifiers, frequency response, feedback, analog integrated circuits, filters, and tuned circuits, analog to digital and digital to analog conversion, noise in electronics, current topics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 317"
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      "gallatin-000215"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 417",
    "title": "Acoustics/Audio Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Introduction to the principles of acoustics, audio engineering, and audio signal processing. Propagation of sound in enclosures. Engineering analysis of loudspeakers, microphones, and recording devices. Human psychoacoustics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000215"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 418",
    "title": "The Art of Biochips – An Introduction to BioMEMS: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) “The art of biochips” is an introductory course into the interdisciplinary and rapidly growing field of developing, fabricating, testing and translating Biomedical devices using Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (BioMEMS). This course will be offered as a co-convened class with ELEE 509 which is at the graduate level. The course content is intended for non-specialized upper-level undergraduates and graduate students with basic knowledge in chemistry, biology, or physics, and will introduce the miniaturization of devices to handle biological things at a scale we cannot control with our fingers or see with our naked eyes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222",
      "EBIO 316",
      "BIOB 260",
      "NEUR 313",
      "CHMY 323"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212",
      "gallatin-000215"
    ],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-418.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 422",
    "title": "Intro to Modern Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to techniques of modern control with emphasis on discrete time, including matrices, norms, state-space, and stochastic processes. Stability, Lyapunov functions, Lyapunov stability. Observability, controllability, reachability. State feedback and observers. Model based control. Performance and robustness",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 321"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 432",
    "title": "Applied Electromagnetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced study of electromagnetic wave propagation, including polarization, reflection and refraction at interfaces, and cavities and multilayer structures, to investigate a number of practical devices with applications related to electrical engineering and optics, such as waveguides, fiber optics, and antennas",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 334",
      "PHSX 423"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 445",
    "title": "Telecommunication Systems: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduction to analog and digital communication systems with lab. Topics include signals in communications; noise characterizations; bandwidth considerations; probability of error; analog and digital modulation; frequency domain analysis; matched filter applications. Experiments involve modulation, demodulation, A/Ds, sampling theory, and aliasing",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 308",
      "EELE 317"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-445",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 447",
    "title": "Mobile Wireless Communications: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, even years.) Characteristics of the radio environment, propagation, cellular concepts, channel allocation, modulation techniques, multiple access techniques, Shannon's Capacity Theorem, error-correcting codes, data compression, spread spectrum modulation, current wireless communication systems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 445"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 448",
    "title": "Optical Communications Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced undergraduate/early graduate level course in fiber-optic communication systems and networks. Topics include: Optical fibers and transmission effects, optical transmitters, modulators, optical receivers, optical amplifiers, and intensity-modulation/direct-detection systems. Graduate students will also study coherent optical communications systems, digital signal processing for optical communications, and optical networking",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 308",
      "EELE 445"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 451",
    "title": "Power Electronics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating even years. Introduction to solid-state power devices; topologies, operating principles, modeling and control, and design of basic power converters; magnetic design; applications of power converters in renewable energy source power systems, electric and hybrid electric vehicles, and other residential, commercial, and industrial systems; laboratory experience with basic power converters",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 317",
      "EELE 321",
      "EELE 355"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 452",
    "title": "Power System Operation and Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. The course will help students to understand the nomenclature and layout of generation and power delivery. The focus of the course is on electrical faults and contingency calculations, economic operation of large-scale generation and transmission systems. Fast-decoupled power flow, economic load dispatch, optimal power flow, voltage control, load-frequency control, control of active and reactive power flow are presented in this course. A special emphasis is placed on applications of computer-based methods to power-system problems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 454"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 454",
    "title": "Power Systems Analysis and Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) On demand. Power system fundamentals and components, power transformers, transmission system design, power flow studies, power system equivalent models, symmetrical components.y",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000217"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 455",
    "title": "Alternative Energy Power Gen: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Exploration and analysis of alternative power generation sources and systems such as wind, solar, microturbine, and fuel cells, combined sources and their design, power electronic interfacing, and energy storage systems. Co-convened with EELE 555",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 355",
      "EELE 555"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000217",
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-455",
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 456",
    "title": "Power Systems Protection & Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Continuation of EELE 454 . Symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault analysis, system protection, introduction to load frequency control, voltage control, economic dispatch, and introduction to power system stability",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 454"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 465",
    "title": "Microcontroller Applications: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Lecture/laboratory exposure to micro controller hardware and software applications, serial and parallel I/O, timing, interrupts LCDs, keypads, A to D conversion, and a project realizing a real time control problem",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 371"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000214",
      "gallatin-000216"
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 467",
    "title": "SoC FPGAs I : Hardware-Software Codesign: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Design of advanced digital systems using System-on-Chip (SoC) Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Design of custom hardware components for the FPGA fabric using VHDL. Implementation of custom hardware-software interfaces. Writing programs and Linux device drivers in C to interact with custom hardware. Laboratory experience developing custom systems using SoC FPGAs",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 367",
      "CSCI 112"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000214"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 468",
    "title": "SoC FPGAs II: Application Specific Computing: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Design of custom digital systems using SoC FPGAs, emphasizing computational tasks such as digital signal processing, audio, or video processing. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 467"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000214"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 477",
    "title": "Digital Signal Processing: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Analysis and design of discrete-time systems, including frequency response. Sampling and reconstruction of continuous signals. Analysis, design, and applications of FIR and IIR digital filters. Properties and applications of the discrete Fourier transform. Laboratory experience implementing off-line and real time digital signal processing algorithms",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 308"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 481",
    "title": "Optical Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, odd years. Introduces ray and wave front aberrations, control of aberrations in optical systems, designing for system requirements, and analytic tools including the moducation transfer function",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 482",
      "PHSX 427"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-481",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 482",
    "title": "Electro-Optical Systems: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Provides an overview of electro-optic systems and components. Lectures cover ray optics, scalar wave optics, laser and Gaussian beam optics, optical polarization and polarization devices, light sources, detectors, and electro-optic and acoustic-optic photonic devices. Laboratory experiments introduce basic photonic instrumentation and measurement techniques",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 334",
      "PHSX 423"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 484",
    "title": "Laser Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, even years. The laser engineering course provides a basic understanding of the design and operational principles of lasers. Discussions of design and operation of several types of lasers will be covered including solid state lasers, gas lasers, and semiconductor lasers",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000215",
      "gallatin-000216"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-484",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 487",
    "title": "Prof, Ethics & Engr Practices: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Engineers from industry and others give presentations on professionalism, ethics, and engineering practices. Included are specific well-known, historical engineering ethics cases and professional practices of engineering, intellectual property issues, and new developments",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-487.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 488R",
    "title": "Electrical Engineering Design I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Part I of a two consecutive semester senior capstone design sequence in Electrical Engineering. Students, under the guidance of a faculty supervisor, formulate a solution to a real-world design problem culminating in a critical design review. Co-convened with EELE 489R",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 317",
      "EELE 489R"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-488r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 489R",
    "title": "Electrical Engr Design II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The second of a two consecutive semester senior capstone design sequence in Electrical Engineering. Students, under the guidance of a faculty supervisor, realize, assess and document the performance of their solution to a real-world design problem. Co-convened with EELE 488R",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 488R"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-489r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(On demand.) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-2 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) On-site, one semester practicum under guidance of employer designated mentor Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 503",
    "title": "Advanced Analog Circuit Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Fall alternating, odd years. Solid state device models, p-spice and other computer simulations, single and multiple state amplifier design, current sources, operation amplification design, frequency response, feedback and feed forward amplifier analysis, noise and distortion in electronics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 317"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-503",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-503.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 505",
    "title": "MEMS Sensors and Actuators: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, odd years. Micro fabrication of electrical and mechanical devices. Theory of various mechanical transducers and physical sensors including optical MEMS, RF MEMS, and Bio/Chemical MEMS",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 409"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-505",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-505.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 508",
    "title": "Solar Cell Basics for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This graduate course introduces the concepts of the design, fabrication and operating principles of solar cells and how they are integrated into photovoltaics systems. The course contains a laboratory experience where the graduate students perform the steps required to produce and characterize silicon solar cells. Offered Summer.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000181"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-508",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-508.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 509",
    "title": "The Art of Biochips - Solving Healthcare Problems with BioMEMS: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) “The art of biochips” is an introductory course into the interdisciplinary and rapidly growing field of developing, fabricating, testing and translating Biomedical devices using Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (BioMEMS). This course will be offered as a co-convened class with ELEE 418 which is at the undergraduate level. The course content is intended for graduate students with basic knowledge in chemistry, biology, or physics and non-specialized upper-level undergraduates, and will introduce the miniaturization of devices to handle living things at a scale we cannot control with our fingers or see with our naked eyes",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-509",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-509.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 517",
    "title": "Acoustics/Audio Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Introduction to the principles of acoustics, audio engineering, and audio signal processing. Propagation of sound in enclosures. Engineering analysis of loudspeakers, microphones, and recording devices. Human psychoacoustics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-517",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-517.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 522",
    "title": "Adaptive Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, even years. On-line parameter estimation, self tuning regulators, model reference adaptive controls. Robust control",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 422"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-522",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-522.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 525",
    "title": "System Identification: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, odd years. System identification with emphasis on off-line techniques. Stability of matrix decompositions used for identification. Recursive least squares, auto regressive techniques, hypothesis testing. Geometrical and statistical interpretations of least squares, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian estimation. Derivative and derivative-free iterative solutions. Modeling and model order selection. Analytical techniques including Lagrange multipliers",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 422"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-525",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-525.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 526",
    "title": "Sequential State Estimation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Sequential state estimation, with emphasis on Kalman filtering and smoothing. Continuous and discrete time",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 422"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-526",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-526.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 528",
    "title": "Advanced Controls and Signals: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Reading, discussion and exploration of original source material on advanced control systems and signal processing. Topics selected to compliment current interest and existing courses; for example, computational statistical methods, estimation, modeling, compression, advanced analytical techniques, multi-dimensional systems, spectral analysis, and implementation Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 422"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-528",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-528.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 533",
    "title": "Antenna Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Introduction to the electromagnetic theory and practice of antenna design and analysis. Common antenna structures are studied, including dipoles, arrays, horns, and reflectors. Applications will be explored in wireless communication, remote sensing, and related fields. Numerical electromagnetic simulation techniques are used for antenna modeling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 334"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-533",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-533.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 538",
    "title": "Adv Top Electromagnet & Optics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Advanced topics in applied electromagnetics and optics, chosen to represent current research in this field. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-538",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-538.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 541",
    "title": "Advanced Communication Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Signal spectrum analysis, random processes, correlation functions, functional transformations of random variables, optimal linear filtering and estimation, statistical analysis of digital and analog modulation systems, orthogonality and related signals: time, bandwidth, and dimensionality",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 445"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-541",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-541.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 543",
    "title": "Advanced Telecom Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, odd years. Digital and analog switching systems, packet and circuit telecommunication transmission networking and media selection (fiber optics, cable, microwave and satellite), network configuration, network technologies, equipment selection, system design examples and project",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 445"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-543",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-543.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 547",
    "title": "Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Network: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Stationary and mobile sensor network topologies, RF technologies, frequency selection, link layer and media access protocols, energy management techniques, mobility management, standards and applications",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 447",
      "EELE 543"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-547",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-547.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 548",
    "title": "Optical Communications Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advanced undergraduate/early graduate level course in fiber-optic communication systems and networks. Topics include: Optical fibers and transmission effects, optical transmitters, modulators, optical receivers, optical amplifiers, and intensity-modulation/direct-detection systems. Graduate students will also study coherent optical communications systems, digital signal processing for optical communications, and optical networking",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 308",
      "EELE 445"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-548",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-548.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 552",
    "title": "Power System Operation and Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Representation of power system elements, fast-decoupled power flow, optimal power flow, voltage control, load-frequency control, control of active and reactive power flow, application of FACTS devices in power flow control, electrical faults and contingency calculations, transient stability, dynamic stability",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 454"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-552",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-552.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 555",
    "title": "Alt Energy Dist Gen Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Exploration and analysis of alternative power generation sources and systems such as wind, solar, microturbine, and fuel cells, combined sources and their design, power electronic interfacing, and energy storage systems. Co-convened with EELE 455",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 355",
      "EELE 455"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-555",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-555.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 556",
    "title": "Advanced Power Electronics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "mathematical modeling of switching power converters, advanced power converter topologies, design constraints and control methods, design-oriented analysis techniques for applications in electro-mechanical systems, power systems, transportation systems, etc. () Fall alternating, odd years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 451"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-556",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-556.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 558",
    "title": "Advanced - Electrical Power: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Reading, discussion and exploration of advanced electrical power topics including power system operation and control, power dynamics, power markets, protection, electric drives, or power electronics Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 454"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-558",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-558.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 565",
    "title": "Parallel Processing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, odd years. Architecture and applications of parallel processors, major design issues, fault tolerant computing, performance measures of parallel systems, and issues in concurrent programming",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-565",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-565.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 575",
    "title": "Research/Prof Paper/Project: 3-6 Credits (3-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee. This course is required for students in the Electrical Engineering non-thesis (plan B) master's degree program Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 577",
    "title": "Adv Digital Signal Processing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Spring alternating, odd years. Advanced topics in digital signal processing. Review of LTI discrete-time systems; signal and coefficient quantization; sample rate conversion and multirate filter structures; time-varying and adaptive systems; fast algorithms; system implementation alternatives; DSP applications in current research",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 477"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-577",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-577.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 578",
    "title": "Speech Signal Processing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, even years. Digital signal processing techniques that are used to analyze, code, and manipulate speech signals will be covered. Topics include modification, coding, enhancement, and recognition of speech signals",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 477"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-578",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-578.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 581",
    "title": "Fourier Optics/Imaging Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall alternating, odd years. Optical propagation and diffraction using scalar wave approach and Fourier Theory of imaging. Introduces concepts of pupil function, point and line spread function and optical transfer function, image formation with coherent and incoherent light, holography and diffractive optical elements",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 334"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-581",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-581.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 582",
    "title": "Optical Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, odd years. Optical design using geometric optics and computer ray-tracing software. Introduces ray and wave front aberrations, control of aberrations in optical systems, designing for system requirements, and analytic tools including the modulation transfer function for describing the imaging and beam-conditioning properties of typical optical systems, including lenses, mirrors, cameras, and telescopes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 482",
      "PHSX 427"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-582",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-582.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 583",
    "title": "Remote Sensing Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, even years. Design, analysis, and calibration of electromagnetic remote sensing systems. Combines an introduction to atmospheric radiative transfer and wave propagation principles with detailed coverage of radiometry and optical detectors to analyze remote sensing systems. The course considers the full electromagnetic spectrum, but emphasizes optical systems at ultraviolet, visible, and infrared wavelengths, including cameras, spectrometers, radiometers, polarimeters, multispectral and hyperspectral imagers, laser radars, etc",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 334",
      "PHSX 423"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/eele/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-583",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/eele-583.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000070",
    "code": "EELE 584",
    "title": "Laser Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring alternating, odd years. The laser engineering course provides a basic understanding of the design and operational principles of lasers. Discussions of design and operation of several types of lasers will be covered including solid state lasers, gas lasers, and semiconductor lasers",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 222"
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    "code": "EGEN 310R",
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    "code": "EGEN 335",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An overview of data variability and applied statistical analysis techniques for a broad range of engineering disciplines. Topics include fundamentals of probability, essential probability distributions, hypothesis testing, experimental design strategies, and regression in the context of engineering applications",
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    "title": "Advanced Mechanics of Solids: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Ice and Snow Mechanics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "title": "Fluid Dynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Prin of Operations Research II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "gallatin-000219"
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    "title": "Applied Statistical Quality Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Introduction to statistical methods for quality control and improvement, including statistical modeling and inferences, control charts, process and measurement system capability analysis, and engineering process control. This course extensively utilizes computer programming to enable students to implement quality control techniques in a production environment",
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      "EGEN 350"
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      "gallatin-000216",
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    "code": "EIND 490R",
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    "code": "EIND 491",
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    "title": "Industrial Engineering Design Capstone: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "title": "Engineering Organizational Change and Innovation: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "code": "EIND 506",
    "title": "Healthcare Delivery Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EIND 509",
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    "code": "EIND 510",
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    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) Explores usability engineering and usability testing in the design of human centered systems. Focus is given to the inclusive design process for developing systems to meet the needs of all users and improve social justice",
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    "code": "EIND 525",
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    "code": "EIND 589",
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    "code": "EIND 594",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting the discussion material Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
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    "code": "EIND 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "code": "EM 506",
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      "gallatin-000179"
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    "code": "EM 518",
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      "gallatin-000179"
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    "code": "EM 555",
    "title": "Granular Mechanics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "EM 560",
    "title": "Finite Elem Analys in Engr: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "EM 591",
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    "code": "EM 592",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000076",
    "code": "EMAN 501",
    "title": "Principles of Manufacturing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 103",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Properties of engineering materials and ceramics as related to their structures. Material selection for engineering applications .",
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    "code": "EMEC 290R",
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    "code": "EMEC 321",
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    "code": "EMEC 326",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Mechanisms of energy transport due to a temperature difference in materials. Conduction, convection, and radiation formulations .",
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    "code": "EMEC 368",
    "title": "Introduction to Aerospace: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Introductory course on topics relevant to aerospace engineering and science. Required for the Aerospace Minor. Topics include history, atmospheric and space vehicles, propulsion, flight vehicle performance, materials and structures, and stability and control",
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      "PHSX 207"
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    "code": "EMEC 405",
    "title": "Finite Element Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to the finite element method emphasizing the fundamental principles of FEA. Various finite element formulations for applications to structural analysis, thermal/fluids analysis, and design. Practical computational experience using a commercial finite element computer code",
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    "code": "EMEC 424",
    "title": "Cellular Mechanotransduction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) (S) Solid and fluid mechanics and relationships to cell biology. This interdisciplinary course brings together topics from both engineering and molecular biology to understand the mechanisms by which cells respond to loading. Topics selected from: musculoskeletal, circulatory, lymphatic, chondrocyte, leukocyte, and cancer cell mechanotransduction",
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    "code": "EMEC 425",
    "title": "Advanced Thermal Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 426",
    "title": "Thermodynamics of Propulsion Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 430",
    "title": "Introduction to Combustion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 436",
    "title": "Computational Fluid Dynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to computational methods used for the solution of advanced fluid dynamics problems. Emphasis on finite difference methods as applied to various ordinary and partial differential model equations in fluid mechanics, fundamentals of spatial discretization, numerical integration, and numerical linear algebra. A focus on the engineering and scientific computing environment. Other topics may include waves, advanced numerical methods (like spectral, finite element, finite volume), non-uniform grids, turbulence modeling, and methods for complex boundary conditions",
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    "code": "EMEC 440",
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    "description": "(Sp) Applications of mechanics to the human body. Overview of key problems and challenges in musculoskeletal biomechanics. Topics include: biological tissue form and function, generation of movement, kinematics, and inverse dynamics",
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    "code": "EMEC 444",
    "title": "Mech Behavior of Materials: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Theory, analysis, and application of mechanical behavior of materials. Constitutive behavior. Topics selected from: plasticity, fracture mechanics, visco elasticity, high temperature behavior, and material symmetry. Engineering behavior of materials such as metals, polymers, ceramics, composites, and biomaterials. Structure-function relationships such as stress-based growth, toughening mechanisms, fatigue, and damage-tolerant design with modern engineering materials are emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "title": "Mechanical Vibrations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Requires completion of all 100-200 level courses (except Core). Vibration problems of single and multiple degree of freedom systems. Introduction to vibration of continuous bodies. Analysis of free and forced vibration problems. Effects of damping",
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    "code": "EMEC 447",
    "title": "Aircraft Structures: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) An introduction to the current practices in the design and analysis of aircraft metallic and composite structures. Overview of aircraft design, analysis, testing, and certification with examples. Static and dynamic load condition analysis",
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    "code": "EMEC 456",
    "title": "The Science and Engineering of Outdoor Sports Gear: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) In this course, several “real-world” outdoor gear engineering modules are covered via lectures and laboratories. Students will conduct experiments and analyze data to interrogate the mechanical properties, performance, and failure of common outdoor gear",
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    "code": "EMEC 462",
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    "description": "(F) Fundamental principles of system dynamics and control with emphasis on mechanical systems. Modeling and analysis of multi-physical domain systems, including state-space representation and transfer/frequency response functions. Basic concepts of stability, system response and SISO controller design",
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    "code": "EMEC 465",
    "title": "Bio-inspired Engineering: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Address evolution in nature as paradigms for engineering design problem solutions. Structural, mechanical, and modeling concepts in nature applied to engineering. Advanced applications include smart structures, optimization, biology, and robotics",
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      "gallatin-000220",
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "code": "EMEC 466",
    "title": "Acoustics, Engineering and the Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 467",
    "title": "Micro-Electromechanical Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 489R",
    "title": "Mechanical Engineering Design Capstone I: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone design experience in Mechanical Engineering. Students, under the guidance of a faculty supervisor, solve real-world design problems .",
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    "code": "EMEC 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "code": "EMEC 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "EMEC 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "EMEC 495",
    "title": "Student Teaching: ME Consult: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Students enrolled in this class will provide technical support for selected ME/MET courses. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "EMEC 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "EMEC 499R",
    "title": "Mechanical Engineering Design Capstone II: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone design experience in Mechanical Engineering. Students implement and test the function of design prototypes, under the guidance of a faculty supervisor",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "EMEC 524",
    "title": "Cellular Mechanotransduction: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Graduate students: good standing within graduate program. NOTE: this course will co-convene undergraduate and graduate versions with additional work and depth required of graduate students. Solid and fluid mechanics and relationships to cell biology. This interdisciplinary course brings together topics from both engineering and molecular biology to understand the mechanisms by which cells respond to loading. Topics selected from: musculoskeletal, circulatory, lymphatic, chondrocyte, leukocyte, and cancer cell mechanotransduction",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 525",
    "title": "Conduction Heat Transfer: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) (F) Advanced topics in conduction heat transfer with emphasis on analytical techniques including separation of variables, Duhamel's theorem, two-phase problems, and numerical techniques .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMEC 326"
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    "code": "EMEC 530",
    "title": "Advanced Fluid Mechanics I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, even years. Review of conservation equations, laminar and turbulent internal flows, potential flows, and Stokes flow .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EGEN 335",
      "ECHM 321"
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      "gallatin-000179"
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    "code": "EMEC 531",
    "title": "Advanced Fluid Mechanics II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, odd years. Laminar boundary layer and free shear flows, internal and external compressible flows .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 536",
    "title": "Computational Fluid Mechanics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Numerical solutions of fluid flows, discretization methods, solution algorithms, aspects of turbulent flows",
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    "code": "EMEC 540",
    "title": "Biomechanics of Human Movement: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Applications of mechanics to the human body. Overview of key problems and challenges in musculoskeletal biomechanics. Topics include: biological tissue form and function, generation of movement, kinematics, and inverse dynamics. Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering",
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    "code": "EMEC 545",
    "title": "Advanced Mechanical Vibrations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Advanced topics in mechanical vibrations. Multidegree of freedom systems, continuous systems, generalized coordinates. Introduction to nonlinear vibrations",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 555",
    "title": "Current Topics in Orthopaedic Biomechanics: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "completion of at least 69 credits) within a STEM major Graduate students: good standing within your graduate program. (F, Sp) This course covers current topics from the orthopaedic biomechanics literature. Special attention will be paid to the structural tissues including bone and cartilage, as well as to the pathologies of the structural tissues that occur with injury, disease, and aging including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Weekly meetings will include student presentations of primary literature, discussion of experimental methods, and interpretation of results within the broader picture of the musculoskeletal literature Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "EMEC 556",
    "title": "The Science and Engineering of Outdoor Sports Gear: 3 Credits ()",
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    "description": "(Sp) In this course, several “real-world” outdoor gear engineering modules are covered via lectures and laboratories. Students will conduct experiments and analyze data to interrogate the mechanical properties, performance, and failure of common outdoor gear.",
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    "code": "EMEC 565",
    "title": "Smart Structures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. Analysis and design of intelligent structures for aerospace, mechanical, and civil applications. Topics include piezoelectricity, shape memory effects, magnetorheology, and biomimicking",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMEC 303",
      "EMEC 342",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000220"
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    "code": "EMEC 575",
    "title": "Research or Prof Paper/Project: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee. This course can be used toward fulfilling the requirements for the Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering for non-thesis option students Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their coursework (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Master's Thesis Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000078",
    "code": "EMEC 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "code": "ENTO 525",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The principles of insect morphology and the evolutionary principles behind the diversity of form and function of the major insect and arthropod groups",
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    "code": "ENTO 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "ENTO 592",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "ENTO 594",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "EQUH 110",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will learn safe horsemanship techniques first on the ground and then riding. The ground skills will teach students how to begin to read and interact with a prey species while building confident connections with their horses. Once skills are acquired on the ground the students will learn how to apply them while riding. Some skills include: reading horse behavior, pressure/release, controlling different parts of the horse, and being a good leader. Students should allow 15 minutes to get to Miller Stock Pavilion. Transportation is student's responsibility and not included in course fees.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equh/",
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    "code": "EQUH 114",
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    "hours": null,
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equh/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 133",
    "title": "Horses: Ground Level: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Designed to teach safe horsemanship; ground level. Students will learn handling skills to establish leadership and mutual respect. Skills taught will help students prepare horses for the vet, farrier, and outings. Students will gain awareness of body language to gage possible outcomes of situations.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equh/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 207",
    "title": "Intermed English Equitation: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced English equitation techniques including collecting, lateral movements and beginning jumping. Students should allow 15 minutes to get to Miller Stock Pavilion. Transportation is student's responsibility and not included in course fees",
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    "code": "EQUH 210",
    "title": "Intermed Western Equitation: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will learn more advanced skills such as collection, roll-backs, turn-arounds, and lead changes. Students must have secure seat and hands. Problem solving and training methods for green horses and older horses with holes in their training will be covered. Students should allow 15 minutes to get to Miller Stock Pavilion. Transportation is student's responsibility and not included in course fees",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 215",
    "title": "Weanling Training and Development: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Principles and techniques of training weanling horses",
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    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 220",
    "title": "Yearling Training and Development: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Principles and techniques of training yearling horses. Sales preparation and marketing in the equine industry",
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      "EQUH 215"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 253",
    "title": "Starting Colts: 2 Credits (4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Principles and techniques of breaking and training young horses",
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    "code": "EQUH 256",
    "title": "Developing The Young Horse: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) -Department of Animal & Range Sciences",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 292",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 310",
    "title": "Horsemanship 4: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will work toward developing a soft feel, precision, and fluid transitions through more challenging maneuvers. Topics will include problem-solving the performance horse, fine-tuning responsiveness, and preparing horses and riders for specialized disciplines or competitive environments",
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      "EQUH 210"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 314",
    "title": "Equestrian Instruction Methods: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The object of this course is to develop competent riding instructors who can communicate effectively and motivate students to improve horsemanship skills. Students should allow 15 minutes to get to Miller Stock Pavilion. Transportation is student's responsibility and not included in course fees Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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      "EQUH 110",
      "EQUH 210"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equh/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000084",
    "code": "EQUH 492",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 206",
    "title": "Equine Ethology: Understanding Horse Behavior: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Equine Ethology is a course designed to teach students the science of horse behavior from an evolutionary, biologic, physiologic and genetic perspective. This course provides students a foundation for more sensitive and informed care, management and handling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 100"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 219",
    "title": "Foaling Management: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course offers experiential learning on processes involved in foaling, mare care, and foal management with emphasis on monitoring for parturition, assisting with the foaling process and immediate neonatal and mare care, and application of techniques to optimize foal health",
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      "ANSC 100"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 233",
    "title": "Horse Science and Mgt Lab: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Laboratory designed to familiarize students with approved management practices for horse enterprises",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 100"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 238",
    "title": "Horse Sales Preparation and Marketing: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Course will explore the basic sales and marketing components necessary to successfully execute a horse auction and competition. Emphasis will be placed on the development of sale catalog, promotional material through print and web media, event setup, and management of sale and student competition",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 100",
      "WRIT 101W",
      "COMX 111US",
      "AGED 140US"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-290r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 291",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 292",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 327",
    "title": "Equine Lameness: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is structured to familiarize students with the many types of lameness in the horse. Students will be instructed on the correlation between anatomy, conformation, locomotion and lameness. Selected diseases of the bones, joints, and soft tissue will be discussed. Significant time will also be spent on lameness diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, as well as shoeing principles for sound and lame horses",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 100",
      "ANSC 265",
      "EQUS 347"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 346",
    "title": "Equine Reproductive Management: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is designed to familiarize students with the reproduction in horses. Students will be instructed on the appropriate methods for management of the stallion, mare and foal. The curriculum will also include equipment and facilities use, as well as management of a breeding facility",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 100",
      "ANSC 265",
      "ANSC 321"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 347",
    "title": "Equine Form to Function: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Development of methods for analyzing a horse's conformation along with a good understanding of anatomy and its relationship to performance",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 265",
      "ANSC 266"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 423",
    "title": "Equine Nutrition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) PREREQUISITE: ANSC 320 and Junior standing. Provide students an understanding of digestive anatomy and physiology, nutrient digestion and metabolism, nutrient requirements, and feeding management. Clinical nutritional strategies will be applied to common health problems including metabolic, genetic, and infectious diseases",
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      "ANSC 320"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 424",
    "title": "Equine Exercise Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Topics covered: Physiological interactions of various systems during exercise, conditioning, training, and athletic performance; conditioning and training regimes and methods of assessing athletic fitness in horses",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 265",
      "ANSC 320",
      "EQUS 347"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 430",
    "title": "Horse Management: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Horse management and problems with emphasis on behavior, nutrition, reproduction, and management programs",
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      "ANSC 265",
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      "ANSC 321",
      "ANSC 322"
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  {
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    "code": "EQUS 490R",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-490r",
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  },
  {
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    "code": "EQUS 491",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-491",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 492",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-492",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered as needed based on student demand. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-494",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000085",
    "code": "EQUS 498",
    "title": "Equine Internship: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the equine field specifically. Offered F, S, Su Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ANSC 202",
      "EQUS 206"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/equs/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/equs-498",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 101IN",
    "title": "Earth System Sciences: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Examination of basic geologic processes, Earth and planets through geologic time, internal geosystems, and surficial geosystems.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000200",
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/erth-101in",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 201IN",
    "title": "Honors Earth System Science: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. This Honors course explores the complex interactions occurring at all scales between the Earth's geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and anthroposphere. The goal of the course is to understand the Earth as a \"system\" of interconnected sources of energy through deep geologic time and space",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/erth-201in",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 212RN",
    "title": "Yellowstone: Scientific Lab: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. The Yellowstone region is an unparalleled laboratory for earth scientists. The volcanic, glacial, climatic, and ecological processes that shaped the region will be introduced through lecture, discussions, and projects. Recitation sections and field trips provide additional hands-on experiences. -.",
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    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number",
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    "code": "ERTH 303",
    "title": "Weather and Climate: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The climates of the continents, and their classification, characteristics and interrelationships with other factors of the physical and human environment",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 307",
    "title": "Principles of Geomorphology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Framework, process, system, and time as factors which control the generation of land forms. Laboratories involve field trips and map interpretation, and computer modeling",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 432R",
    "title": "Surface Water Resources: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. Physical analysis of the surface portion of the hydrologic cycle: climate, evapotranspiration, precipitation, runoff, flooding, stream channels, sediment production, sediment transport and drainage basins. The surface-water resource in terms of regional supply and human use and intervention. Laboratory fee required",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "STAT 216Q",
      "STAT 332",
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    "code": "ERTH 450R",
    "title": "Snow Dynamics and Accumulation: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Senior capstone for the Snow Science Option. The accumulation, redistribution, and metamorphism of snow as related to humans. Avalanche, recreation, agriculture, silviculture, runoff, and the alpine environment. Field studies are conducted on a regular basis under rigorous field conditions",
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      "ERTH 201IN",
      "STAT 332",
      "PHSX 205",
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    "code": "ERTH 462",
    "title": "Advanced Geomorphology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course will provide students an advanced view into active, ongoing research in geomorphology. The course is designed for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students who have taken a previous course in geomorphology. Emphasis will be placed on the tools available to analyze and interpret geomorphic processes, active research in the field, and the interactions of geomorphic processes with other fields of geology, geology, hydrology, chemistry, etc .",
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    "title": "Climates of the Past, Present and Future: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is an opportunity to learn about the history of the western US over the last 2 million years through a critical analysis of current and historic literature. It will provide an overview of the tools and approaches used to study past environmental change, significant events in the climate history of region, the geologic record of ice-age environments, including glaciation, pluvial lakes, and vegetation, the evolution of the postglacial landscape, and important biotic and human events during the Holocene. Co-convened with ERTH 584",
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    "code": "ERTH 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "ERTH 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 1-4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered on demand. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "ERTH 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Topics at the upper division level not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material. Co-convened with ERTH 594 Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "ERTH 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "ERTH 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Senior thesis provides an opportunity to conduct research under the supervision of a faculty member leading to the production of a research paper (\"mini-thesis\") and an oral presentation to the department or at a professional meeting. Excellent preparation for graduate school and professional work",
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    "code": "ERTH 505",
    "title": "Geomicrobiology: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Offered Spring of even years. The course examines geochemical and microbial interactions that control earth surface processes and ultimately major biogeochemical cycles. The course focuses on how integrated approaches using geochemistry, stable isotope geochemistry and microbial techniques are applied to research problems.",
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    "code": "ERTH 512",
    "title": "Mtn & Plns Riparian Proc: 2 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Riparian hydrologic and geomorphic processes with examples drawn from the mountains and plains. Ground-water recharge and discharge; Horton overland flow; partial variable runoff areas; riparian best management practices; sapping, types of springs; sediment from slopes. K-12 riparian science education",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "ERTH 516"
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 516",
    "title": "Geology of the Northern Rocky Mountains: 2 Credits (1 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Geologic history of Northern Rocky Mountains and landscapes from Archean to present. Field examination of geologic evidence for history of the Gallatin and Bridger ranges and Yellowstone National Park. Exploration and development of teaching methods and resources for classroom use.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 519",
    "title": "Watershed Hydrology for Teachers: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Offered Spring of odd years. Watershed hydrology for teachers explores the relationship of water quality and water quantity. Students in the course will learn about relationships among watershed hydrology, including water quality, water quantity, water inputs and outputs, effects of modification of watersheds and more. Offered Spring.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 520",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Oceanography for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su, Spring, even years.) This course will provide students with an introduction to the chemical, physical, biological and geological properties of the ocean. Students will learn the complexities of these interrelationships, their influence on terrestrial ecosystems and the impacts of humans on these processes.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 521",
    "title": "Geology of the Moon for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Offered Spring of even years. Geology of the Moon is an on-line course designed for educators interested in learning about the Moon and its history and relationship to Earth. We will explore theories for its formation and the geologic processes that have helped it to evolve including, differentiation, volcanism, impact cratering, space weathering and former, current and upcoming missions to the Moon. Students will review presentations and assigned readings and interactively participate through a combination of on-line discussions, classroom exercises and dynamic activities. Students will keep a course journal that will help them develop future moon-related curricula for their future use. Offered even Springs.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 522",
    "title": "Teaching Middle School Earth System Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course for middle school teachers uses Problem Based Learning (PBL) to explore the processes and interactions between the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Teachers will examine processes within and among the four major Earth systems and increase pedagogical skills through modeling PBL, teacher networking, and sharing of ideas and resources. Offered even Springs.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 523",
    "title": "Weather for Elementary and Middle School Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The course is designed to increase content knowledge and understanding of weather processes. It exposes teachers at the elementary and middle school level to using kit-based, hands-on instruction to facilitate the teaching and learning of weather concepts (meteorology). Weekly discussions encourage reflection on learning and teaching and help solidify weather concepts. will also maintain a weather observations journal in which they will apply their skills and knowledge. Assignments and quizzes are included to help with knowledge acquisition.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 524",
    "title": "K-14 Earth System Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Participants will find digital Earth Systems Science (ESS) resources and use these to create Earth Science lessons that integrate the use of Earth Science specific skills, math, and content. Participants will also adapt online resources to their own instructional environments.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 525",
    "title": "Landforms for Elementary Teachers: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) In this course we investigate landforms and the processes that shaped some of our country's most prominent and spectacular landmarks and features. Through hands-on labs, we model landforms and encourage sharing and discussions of additional teaching ideas in this course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 527",
    "title": "Weather & Climate for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Few Earth Science topics are as far-reaching as weather and climate, influencing daily weather, food supplies, economies, and Earth’s physical processes. This course explores how Earth systems interact to create daily weather and larger climatic patterns.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 528",
    "title": "Climate Change for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This graduate course uses weekly readings, discussions, and hands-on activities to build a physical understanding of weather and climate, and to equip our teachers and educators with the tools to better prepare and motivate the next generation of Earth scientists.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 551",
    "title": "Snow Science Seminar: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Offered Fall of even years. A mixed lecture and laboratory style course providing an in-depth examination of recent developments in snow science based upon current literature, newly published or about to be published literature, field methods and modeling regarding snow science. Topics will depend partially upon the interests of the instructor and student in the course",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHYS 211",
      "STAT 332",
      "STAT 500"
    ],
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    "code": "ERTH 562",
    "title": "Advanced Geomorphology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, odd years. This course will provide students an advanced view into active, ongoing research in geomorphology. The course is designed for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students who have taken a previous course in geomorphology. Emphasis will be placed on the tools available to analyze and interpret geomorphic processes, active research in the field, and the interactions of geomorphic processes with other fields of geology, geology, hydrology, chemistry, etc . Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 307"
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    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 583",
    "title": "Topics in Paleoecology: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course examines important themes in paleoecology. Topics change on a yearly basis addressing needs and interests of current students. It is intended for students with an interest in ecology, paleontology and environmental history",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 584",
    "title": "Climates of the Past, Present and Future: 3 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This graduate course examines current research and recent developments in Quaternary paleoclimatology in the western U.S. The seminar will be centered around weekly discussions of the primary literature, hands-on experience with international data bases, and class paper and presentation. Co-convened with ERTH 484",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 101IN",
      "BIOB 170IN",
      "ERTH 484"
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/erth-584",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 585",
    "title": "Advances in Geobiology: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Discussion of recent developments in paleontology, paleoecology, biogeochemistry, and biogeography based on current literature and presentation of faculty and student works in progress. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/erth-585",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 586",
    "title": "Geology of Earthquakes: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 587",
    "title": "Invertebrate Paleontology for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Spring, odd years.) This course focuses on the evolution of invertebrates from their origins to their current diversity. It is primarily delivered synchronously via weekly Zoom meetings where the class will discuss text readings. Lesson plans and best practices will also be discussed.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/erth/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000086",
    "code": "ERTH 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "() On demand. Course will supplement lecture materials covered in ETME 215 . Provides students with hands-on experience for performing and analyzing a broad spectrum of manufacturing processes including metal casting, injection molding, powder metallurgy, metal forming, metal removal, inspection and measurement and welding .",
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      "CHMY 142"
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    "code": "ETME 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "ETME 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 3 Credits (2 Lab, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "ETME 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000090",
    "code": "ETME 303",
    "title": "CAE Tools in Mechanical Design: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Emphasizes problem solving with the aid of the applied computer aided engineering techniques of Finite Element Methods and Computational Fluid Dynamics, in analysis and in the design process with a focus on proper use of the methods, as well as, verification, validation, and interpretation of results .",
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      "EGEN 324",
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    "code": "ETME 309",
    "title": "Building Information Modeling in MEP: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in the Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEO) disciplines of the Construction Industry. Instruction in BIM basics using contemporary software, with hands-on exercises in typical construction applications",
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    "code": "ETME 310",
    "title": "Machining and Industrial Safety: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to modern machining technology and the key principles of industrial safety, material properties related to machining practices, design, and specifications. Semi-precision and precision lay-out are covered. An introduction to computer numerically controlled (CNC) technology and operations is included. Specific hands-on experiences included in laboratory",
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    "code": "ETME 311",
    "title": "Joining Processes: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to the modern science of joining technology, and detailed examination of metallurgy and materials properties as related to joining processes. Introduction to welding specification and symbols, and modern welding code usage. Weld design, set-up, preparation, application, and tests are emphasized. Specific hands-on experiences in OAW, SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, common separating processes; destructive and non-destructive testing are included in laboratory. This course will also expose students to other fastening joining techniques used in industry. Resistance welding, composites, riveting, and mechanical fastening and their application will be explored",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EMEC 103",
      "CHMY 121IN",
      "CHMY 122IN",
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      "CHMY 142"
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    "code": "ETME 321",
    "title": "Applied Heat Transfer: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Study of the basic mechanisms of heat transfer and its applications. Introduction to equipment that utilize these mechanisms .",
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    "code": "ETME 322",
    "title": "Introduction to Building Energy Systems: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course provides an overview of the energy systems found in the build environment. Building information modeling (BIM), spreadsheet programs, and data acquisition systems will be utilized to introduce design and evaluation techniques for building HVAC, Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing (MEP) and control systems",
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      "PHSX 222",
      "PHSY 207"
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      "gallatin-000216",
      "gallatin-000217"
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    "code": "ETME 327",
    "title": "Commercial Building Energy Assessment Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to Preliminary Energy-Use Analysis (PEA), walk-through survey, energy survey and analysis, and detailed analysis of capital-intensive modifications. Laboratory activities include operation of equipment used to collect energy data and building system performance information",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "EELE 354"
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    "code": "ETME 340",
    "title": "Mechanisms: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to mechanisms and machine elements used in the design and synthesis of mechanical devices",
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      "gallatin-000221"
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    "code": "ETME 341",
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    "code": "ETME 360",
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    "code": "ETME 362",
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      "EELE 250"
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    "code": "ETME 400",
    "title": "Mechanical Engineering Technology Senior Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "() On demand. A seminar course focusing on career path development. Students will meet with current industry professionals to discuss specific careers, as well as meet with freshman students to share undergraduate experiences. Pass/Fail",
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    "code": "ETME 401",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Engineering Review: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. A review of engineering fundamentals presented throughout the mechanical engineering technology curriculum. It serves primarily to prepare students to take the Fundamentals of Engineering Exam, and subsequently prepare them to progress towards becoming registered professional engineers.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000090",
    "code": "ETME 410",
    "title": "Computerized Numerical Control and Computer-aided Manufacturing Technology: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Application and optimization of computer numerical control (CNC) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technology fundamentals as related to turning, milling and plasma cutting operations. Development of toolpaths and machine code (G&M) from associated CAD models is emphasized. Specific hands-on experiences included in laboratory",
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      "gallatin-000216"
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    "id": "gallatin-000090",
    "code": "ETME 415",
    "title": "Design for Manufacturing and Tooling: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Overview of production systems and lean manufacturing fundamentals and principles. Introduction to design for assembly and manufacturing principles. Fundamentals of tool design, including tooling materials, workholding principles, jig design, fixture design, assembly tool design, design of tools for inspection and gaging, and tool fabrication techniques. Practical lab experiences will enhance the course material .",
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      "ETME 215",
      "ETME 216",
      "ETME 217"
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      "gallatin-000216"
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    "code": "ETME 422",
    "title": "Principles of HVAC I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC&R) for comfort and industrial applications, psychrometrics, physiological factors in air-conditioning, HVAC load calculations; thermodynamic and HVAC system processes; air equipment and hydronic distribution; and an introduction to controls sequencing",
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      "EGEN 324",
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      "gallatin-000217"
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    "code": "ETME 423",
    "title": "Principles of HVAC II: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course is designed to provide an in-depth study of various heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, plumbing, and electrical systems as they relate to building performance, and energy conservation. The focus of this course will primarily be to gain an understanding of system selection and layout, integrated building design, and building performance/energy modeling as it applies to various building structures. Control system layout and sequencing will also be explored in this course",
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      "gallatin-000216",
      "gallatin-000217"
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    "code": "ETME 424",
    "title": "Thermal Processes Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Laboratory experiences covering topics in heat transfer, thermodynamics, and HVAC areas in support of ETME 321 , EGEN 324 , and ETME 422",
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      "gallatin-000217"
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    "code": "ETME 425",
    "title": "Building Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course is designed to provide an overview of the major systems found in buildings today. The focus of the course will be to examine the fundamental criteria involved in design of these systems as well as to investigate the equipment used to satisfy the design criteria. Scheduling, integration, and ethical issues associated with building systems design and installation will also be discussed",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHSX 207"
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      "gallatin-000217"
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    "id": "gallatin-000090",
    "code": "ETME 430",
    "title": "Fluid Power Systems Design: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. An introduction to the fundamentals and application of fluid power in industry today. Coverage includes flow and pressure relationships, fluid properties, heat, filtration, selection of components, electro-hydraulic and electro-pneumatic systems, controls, design of hydraulic and pneumatic circuits, and troubleshooting",
    "prerequisites": [
      "EELE 250",
      "EGEN 331",
      "EGEN 335",
      "ETME 360",
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      "EMEC 361"
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      "gallatin-000216"
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    "code": "ETME 460",
    "title": "Advanced Instrumentation: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. An applications-based course in advanced instrumentation and control, focusing on parameter identification; test planning; proper transducer selection, installation, and operation; computerized data acquisition programming and operation; handling and presentation of acquired data. Theory and practice is merged in a project setting",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "ETME 462",
    "title": "Industrial Processing Automation and Controls: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. The intent of this course is to equip engineering students with the basic understanding of industrial processes, knowledge of the fundamental machines, sensors, and controls used in automated processing, and an understanding of processing system design",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "EMEC 360",
      "EELE 250"
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      "gallatin-000216",
      "gallatin-000217",
      "gallatin-000221"
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    "code": "ETME 470",
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    "description": "(F) Experience with energy technologies including wind, solar thermal, solar photovoltaic, fuel cell, biomass, and hydro-electric systems. Lecture covers practical applications, component design, and theory for devices and systems. Social, economic, geo-political, and environmental considerations are discussed. Hands-on lab activities supplemented with site visits",
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    "code": "ETME 489R",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone design experience in Mechanical Engineering Technology. Students, under the guidance of a faculty supervisor, solve real-world design problems .",
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    "code": "ETME 490R",
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    "code": "ETME 491",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered on demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "ETME 492",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Junior standing, consent of instructor, and approval of department head or director required. Directed research and study on an individual basis. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "ETME 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Junior standing and consent of internship coordinator. An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field",
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      "ETME 341"
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    "code": "ETME 499R",
    "title": "Capstone: Mechanical Engineering Technology Design II: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) For MET majors only. Senior capstone design experience in Mechanical Engineering Technology. Students implement and test the function of design prototypes under the guidance of a faculty supervisor",
    "prerequisites": [
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 101IH",
    "title": "Understanding Film and Media: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course provides students with the tools of film and media analysis as a foundation for future cinema study and practice. Close analysis of films from different countries and time periods will be used to recognize the formal elements of film production, principally style and narrative.",
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    "code": "FILM 112",
    "title": "Film Production I: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) SFP majors only. An understanding of motion pictures, video art and television practice through study of principles of concept and production. Will include assignments to view and critique selected examples and the completion of short exercises.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 122IA",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to the craft of acting. By utilizing a variety of acting exercises and techniques, students will cultivate a deeper understanding of actors’ skills and how to better communicate as storytellers. In workshop format, students will have the opportunity to perform a diverse collection of dramatic literature while connecting to their creative side through performance.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 191",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. One-time offerings of current topics, experimental offerings of new courses, or experimental offerings of visiting professors. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 201D",
    "title": "Film History I: Origins to the 1960s: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) A survey of major developments in international film history from the 1890s to the 1960s, examining the aesthetic, social, cultural and technological dimensions of cinema",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 202D",
    "title": "Film History II: 1960s to the Present: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) A survey of major developments in international film and media history from the 1960s to the present, examining the aesthetic, economic, cultural and technological dimensions of moving images",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 212",
    "title": "Film Production II: 4 Credits (4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An intensive intermediate course in the fundamental aspects of film production. Students learn to use professional filmmaking tools and apply these skills to short productions. The course emphasizes the language of visual/aural storytelling and the development of directorial vision",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH",
      "FILM 112"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 215IH",
    "title": "American Popular Television: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Exploration of one of the most influential forms of media in the American cultural landscape. Television and the evolution of its programming has reinforced and challenged cultural and social norms, racial divides, sexism, gender roles, and what we understand as entertainment and news. The shifts in how we watch television have disrupted traditional economic, technological, and policy media models, and ask us to re-imagine the medium.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 251",
    "title": "Scriptwriting: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Experience in techniques and concepts of writing for film and other media",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH",
      "FILM 112",
      "PHOT 113RA"
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 253",
    "title": "Television Production: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduces students to live television production and multi-camera studio operations, and the technologies used in the production and delivery of live TV. Explores the group production process using hands-on exercises in a working studio environment",
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      "FILM 101IH",
      "FILM 112",
      "PHOT 113RA"
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 254",
    "title": "Acting for Film: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An introduction to the basic skills of acting through acting exercises and individual projects, including a unit for acting for the camera",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH",
      "FILM 112",
      "PHOT 113RA"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 259",
    "title": "Multimedia Audio Production: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The study of theoretical and practical approaches to audio production for multimedia, to include ADR/Dialog replacement, Foley, sound effects, field/location recording, studio recording, music integration and editing, surround sound techniques/encoding, delivery paradigms, and aesthetics of audio for multimedia",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MUST 220",
      "EELE 217"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "description": "() On demand. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. One-time offerings of current topics, experimental offerings of new courses, or experimental offerings of visiting professors Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 295",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Practical experience associated with production and research project in motion pictures, television/video, photography, and theatre. May include rehearsal or performance activity. Credit will be offered to students doing basic work on faculty members' productions or on student productions under direct faculty supervision. Credit will be offered to students giving basic technical support to: a)faculty teaching courses, b)faculty engaged in creative activities, or c)advanced students' productions (while supervised by an SFP faculty member) Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-295",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-295.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 304",
    "title": "Live Production and Camera: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is designed to provide student filmmakers an opportunity to create a fully realized live theatrical performance captured on video through a multi-camera recording. Students explore the crafts and responsibilities involved in the execution of theatrical design and performance as well as capturing this live event through the lens of the video camera. The delivery of material happens through lectures, exercises, hands-on workshops, and production assignments, which prepare designated production teams for the final presentation and video recording",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-304.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 333",
    "title": "Production Management: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) A comprehensive approach to managing the personnel, creative, and financial resources of media production in both fiction and nonfiction productions. Learn script breakdown, budgeting, scheduling, financing, legal requirements, paperwork, and exhibition options. Study how, in the new production environment of digital and streaming, the five stages of production – development, preproduction, principal photography, post production, and distribution - work with one another",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212",
      "FILM 251",
      "FILM 254"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 341",
    "title": "Special Effects Makeup for Film: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In-depth study and execution of makeup design techniques for filmmakers. Costume and character design theory and process will be covered including rendering techniques, history, research and project presentation",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-341",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 351",
    "title": "Advanced Script Writing: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Advanced training in the techniques of writing for film, television, and new media projects. This class requires students to author a long-form screenplay",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212",
      "FILM 251",
      "FILM 254"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "code": "FILM 352",
    "title": "Editing: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) History and techniques of motion picture and video editing. The course will combine lectures with hands-on exercises in editing",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 112"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 353",
    "title": "Advanced Television Production: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Majors only. Provides students with further hands-on live television production experience, in both studio and field production environments. Builds upon the beginning class, to develop the concepts and knowledge required for real-world live television production. At the end of this class, students will have acquired the practical skills for entry-level television production, and will have produced completed work suitable for public distribution",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 253"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 354",
    "title": "Lighting: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Alternate year Spring. An introduction to the aesthetics and technical principles of lighting for film and theatre with attention to familiarity with basic instruments and a lighting board. The opportunity for an exercise in lighting design will be provided",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-354",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-354.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 355",
    "title": "Cinematography: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An examination of the aesthetics and practice of cinematography",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-355",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-355.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 356",
    "title": "Production Design: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Alternate year Spring. Introductory course in production design for theatre, film and video",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-356",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-356.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 357",
    "title": "Directing: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) An examination of the theory and practice of directing for film",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212",
      "FILM 251",
      "FILM 254"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-357",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-357.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 359",
    "title": "Sound Design: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Theoretical and practical approaches to the motion picture soundtrack. Topics and exercises will include location recording, post-production, sound design, and the musical score",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-359",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-359.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 370",
    "title": "Color Grading for Film & TV: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Color grading is a necessary stage in the post-production of narrative and documentary films. This course fits within our existing film production curriculum that emphasizes project-based hands-on learning",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-370",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-370.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 371",
    "title": "Non-Fiction Film Production: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Exploration of the aesthetics and practice of creating documentary films. The course will use a variety of teaching modes to develop the understanding of documentary production. Students enrolled will produce short documentary films",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-371",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-371.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 372",
    "title": "Fiction Film Production: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Projects pursued under faculty supervision, emphasizing fiction productions using traditional and non-traditional approaches from pre-production through post-production. Details of individual sections and the supervising faculty will be posted by the department prior to pre-registration",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212",
      "FILM 251",
      "FILM 254"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-372",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-372.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 373",
    "title": "Experimental Film Production: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will provide an overview of some of the major artistic and critical trends in experimental/avant-garde film history as a foundation for developing an informed personal experimental filmmaking practice that is free from established conventions. Class time will be spent viewing and discussing films, discussing assigned readings, and workshopping production assignments",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 212"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-373",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-373.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 381",
    "title": "Studies in Film: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Studies in topics in film history, theory, genre, and national cinemas Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 201D",
      "FILM 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-381",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-381.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 394",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 2-4 Credits (2-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Seminar/Workshop devoted to a specific topic in Film Production or Film Studies. Topics vary Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-394",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-394.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 395",
    "title": "Practicum: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Practical experience associated with production and research projects in motion pictures, television/video, photography, and theatre. May include rehearsal or performance activity. Credit will be offered to students doing advanced work on faculty members' productions or on student productions under direct faculty supervision Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-395",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-395.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 481",
    "title": "Advanced Studies in Film: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Seminars in special historical, theoretical and critical studies topics designed for advanced majors in film Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 201D",
      "FILM 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-481",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-481.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Directed research and study on an individual basis for advanced students Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Advanced topics in film and related media production practices. Topics Vary Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-494.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 498",
    "title": "Career Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. An individualized assignment arranged with an outside agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/film/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/film-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000091",
    "code": "FILM 499",
    "title": "Senior Production: 5 Credits (5 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
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      "FILM 304"
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    "code": "FILM 504",
    "title": "Film and Documentary Theory: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An introduction to the genealogy of nonfiction filmmaking and the interdisciplinary field of documentary film studies from its inception to the present. This reading seminar will consider the diverse history of the form and how scholars and filmmakers have debated what documentary is and what it should do in different historical contexts.",
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    "code": "FILM 505",
    "title": "Critical Approaches to Science and Natural History Filmmaking: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Analysis and interpretation of the ethics, cultural value, social function, and communication issues related to science and natural history media. Emphasis is on communication practices, scientific method, and information dissemination as well as economic, social, gender, and equality issues.",
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    "code": "FILM 510",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Filmmaking: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course introduces students to documentary filmmaking techniques. Students will gain experience in all aspects of production work through a series of production exercises and the creation of a short film.",
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    "code": "FILM 512",
    "title": "SNHF Sound: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This is an entry-level graduate SNHF MFA seminar in sound production and post-production. We will focus primarily on understanding the art and science of listening, the basics of what sound is and how to record sound, the relationship between sound and image, and finally, the fundamentals of how to edit, design, and mix audio in Premiere Pro and Pro Tools. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "FILM 513",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "FILM 515",
    "title": "Science and Natural History Film Production: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course will teach production techniques used by professional science and natural history filmmakers",
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    "code": "FILM 517",
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    "code": "FILM 518",
    "title": "Writing for Documentary and Non-Fiction Film: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This graduate seminar will focus on the various writing skills needed to develop a documentary film project. This includes developing a topic into a documentary story, analysis of short and long form documentary structure and storytelling strategies, writing original film treatments and proposals and developing skills to write about yourself as a professional film artist",
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    "code": "FILM 519",
    "title": "Post Production Workflow: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F) This course will examine post-production workflows and approaches for contemporary documentary film editing",
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    "code": "FILM 523",
    "title": "Second Year Film Prep: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "description": "(F) This course will prepare second year SNHF MFA students to create their required second year film",
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    "code": "FILM 525",
    "title": "Second Year Film Prod: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) The objective of this course is to provide faculty support and supervision of second year MFA film projects",
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    "code": "FILM 526",
    "title": "Alternative Nonfiction: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F) Graduate students will study a range of contemporary documentary and experimental documentary filmmakers. Each student will then develop and produce their own original short documentary works utilizing some aspect(s) of the contemporary works studied.",
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    "description": "(Sp) A graduate level course designed for non-fiction filmmakers to explore the performance aspects of documentary filmmaking. The course explores close observation of human behavior through acting and improvisation exercises as tools to broaden students’ capacity for human connection",
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    "code": "FILM 560",
    "title": "Advanced Post Production: Info Design: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "code": "FILM 590",
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    "code": "FILM 591",
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    "code": "FILM 592",
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    "code": "FILM 598",
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    "hours": null,
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      "FILM 515"
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    "code": "FRCH 101",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) An elementary level course designed to help students acquire basic proficiency in communicating within culturally significant contexts. An integrated approach to teaching language skills with emphasis on vocabulary acquisition and basic grammatical structures.",
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      "gallatin-000203",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "FRCH 102D",
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      "gallatin-000203",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "FRCH 105",
    "title": "Accelerated Elementary French I and II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "FRCH 102D",
      "FRCH 201"
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    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 193",
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    "code": "FRCH 201D",
    "title": "Intermediate French I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Intensive, methodical review of grammar and syntax combined with the integrated development of proficiency in the four language skills. Expansion of cultural knowledge and functional vocabulary through intermediate readings and discussions. Increased emphasis on written communication",
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      "gallatin-000203",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "FRCH 202D",
    "title": "Intermediate French II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Fourth semester French language course designed to develop Intermediate level language proficiency. Application of language skills in discussions and explications of selected readings in literature and culture",
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      "gallatin-000203",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "FRCH 255IA",
    "title": "French on Stage: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "French on stage is a class for students who want to learn the French culture and language in a meaningful and lively context. By reading, discussing, and acting out scenes of famous plays, students will improve pronunciation, intonation, fluency, communicative skills as well as problem solving and critical thinking skills Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 102D"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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    "code": "FRCH 293",
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    "code": "FRCH 301",
    "title": "French Oral and Written Expression: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Fifth semester French language course designed to strengthen Intermediate level language skills. The course will introduce students to Francophone literature and culture. Application of language skills in discussions and explications of selected readings",
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      "gallatin-000203"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 305",
    "title": "Histoire Civilisation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Taught in French",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 306IH",
    "title": "French: From Reflection to Rev: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 320D",
    "title": "La France Aujourd'hui: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The French personality today in social, cultural, and political settings. Taught in French",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 323",
    "title": "Adv Grammar and Comp: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 324",
    "title": "Adv Conv and Phonetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 393",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 401",
    "title": "French Text & Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Study of several fine French films and the literary works upon which they were based. Emphasis is on the transformation of written text into image. Taught in French",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/frch-401",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 402",
    "title": "French Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Survey of French Literature Taught in French.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/frch-402",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 450",
    "title": "Seminar: French Literature and Culture: 3 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The study of Francophone literature and culture. Topic varies with instructor. Course is taught in French. Cross-listed with FRCH 499R Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101W",
      "FRCH 499R"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/frch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000092",
    "code": "FRCH 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advanced research in the study of Francophone literature and culture. Research paper required. Taught in French. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Cross-listed with FRCH 450 . Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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      "GDSN 300"
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      "GDSN 300"
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      "GDSN 300"
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    "code": "GDSN 376",
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      "GDSN 224",
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    "title": "Oceanography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "GEO 111IN",
    "title": "Dinosaurs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() Offered on demand. This course provides an introduction to dinosaur paleontology. Students will learn how hypotheses about extinct animals are formulated and tested, with comparisons to modern sedimentary environments and living animals. Recitation sections allow discussion of current research and hands-on experience with sedimentary rocks and fossils. Field trips provide additional education opportunities.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 140IN",
    "title": "Planetary Geoscience: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. Introduction to the formation, geochemical development, interior and surficial processes, and exobiology of the planets, moons, and other objects of our solar system, as well as known exoplanets. Observations and data relative to planetary interiors, surfaces, and atmospheres, using principles derived from integration of chemical, physical, geologic, biologic, and engineering sciences are addressed.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 211",
    "title": "Earth History and Evolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Evolution of the earth and its life from origin to present configuration. Role of plate tectonic processes in the geologic development of the continents and ocean basins. Major evolutionary developments and crises in the history of life",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 101IN",
      "ERTH 201IN",
      "GEO 103CS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000200"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 302",
    "title": "Mineralogy and Optical Mineral: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Identification, properties, occurrence, and associations of the rock-forming minerals; introduction to crystallography (crystal classes, lattice types, and external morphology) and crystal chemistry (bonding and crystal structure types); analytical techniques including mineral optics, x-ray, and SEM analysis. Laboratory fee included .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 101IN",
      "ERTH 201IN"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000200"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 305",
    "title": "Igneous & Metamorphic Petrology: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduction to the principles of metamorphic petrology; metamorphic facies, reactions, phase equilibria, processes, petrographic analysis, deformation, and interpretation of metamorphism in the context of global tectonics. Introduction to the distribution, mineral associations, and chemical compositions of igneous rocks in the earth's crust and upper mantle. Emphasis is on the use of petrographic features and chemistry to identify igneous rocks and interpret rock-forming processes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 309",
    "title": "Sedimentation and Stratigraphy: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Physical, chemical, and biological processes and their effects on sediment dispersal, deposition, and diagenesis. Geometry and lateral and vertical relationships between sedimentary rock bodies. Labs emphasize the description and analysis of sedimentary rock bodies. -",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 310",
    "title": "Invertebrate Paleontology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, even years. Investigation of invertebrate organisms and their evolution through time as preserved in the sedimentary rock record. Emphasis is on the morphology, paleoecology, evolution, and stratigraphic and environmental significance of important fossil groups. Labs stress fossil recognition",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000200"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 314",
    "title": "Petrology: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Majors only. This course explores the classification, formation, and interpretation of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, providing insight into Earth's dynamic processes. Students will develop skills in rock identification using both hand samples and petrographic microscopes, with an emphasis on textural and mineralogical analysis. Through lectures, lab exercises, and a field trip, students will gain hands-on experience in petrologic methods and data interpretation",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 309"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-314",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 315",
    "title": "Structural Geology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Geometry, kinematics, and dynamics of natural rock deformation. Laboratory will focus on analytical and graphical techniques of modern structural analysis. Field trip fee required",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-315",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-315.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 330",
    "title": "Paleontology Lab Techniques: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. Provides laboratory and research experience in vertebrate paleontology, including: training in fossil preparation, identification of osteological specimens, documentation (photographic and scientific illustration), molding and casting, specimen curation, and other skills necessary for professional presentation of research",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 401R",
    "title": "Phylogenetics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Theory and practice of inferring evolutionary trees (phylogenies) and using them to statistically model evolution and adaptation (phylogenetic comparative methods). We will explore molecular, morphological, cultural, and fossil data using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 375",
      "BIOB 420",
      "BIOO 310",
      "GEO 211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-401r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 402",
    "title": "Cellular and Molecular Paleontology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course explores how ancient soft tissues, cells, and biomolecules are recovered, analyzed, and interpreted to reconstruct the biology and evolution of long-extinct organisms, from dinosaurs to hominins. Students will integrate paleohistological, molecular, cellular, and geochemical evidence with traditional paleontology to uncover the biology and evolution of extinct species",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 375",
      "BIOB 420",
      "GEO 211"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-402",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-402.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 411",
    "title": "Vertebrate Paleontology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. This course traces the history of vertebrates from the earliest chordates to synapsids, dinosaurs, and hominids. Lectures and labs emphasize phylogeny, anatomy, novel adaptations, and major evolutionary events such as the conquest of land, flight, and mass extinctions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211",
      "BIOB 170IN"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 413",
    "title": "Macroevolution/Fossil Record: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Macroevolution explores major trends in evolution through geologic time. The course examines such topics as whether communities evolve, cladogenesis, mass extinctions, rates of speciation and extinction, controls of biodiversity, and the role of sex and body size in evolution",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 310",
      "GEO 312",
      "BIOB 375"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-413",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-413.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 417",
    "title": "Taphonomy: Fossil Preservation: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, even years. Scattered dinosaur bones lie entombed in a rock; what do they mean? Taphonomy examines the processes that act on an organism from the time of its death until its discovery and how these processes bias or help in fossil interpretation. Co-convened with GEO 517",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 309",
      "GEO 211",
      "GEO 517"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-417",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-417.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 419",
    "title": "Field Paleontology: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Summer, even years. This two-week class provides field experience in vertebrate paleontology, including sedimentology, facies analysis, measuring stratigraphic sections, microsite screening, field identification of vertebrate and invertebrate fossils, excavation of fossil specimens, and taphonomic data collecting",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 428",
    "title": "Field Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Extensive hiking and outdoor physical challenges require that students be physically fit, responsible, and concerned for their own safety and the safety of others around them. A fee for supplies, transportation, and other logistical expenses may be required. The goal of this course is to introduce the techniques that will allow you to develop basic field geology skills, and provide a foundation for future fieldwork in other Earth Sciences classes, graduate school, and/or careers in the geosciences. In particular, this course will serve as preparation for Geology Field Camp, a capstone course for Earth Science students pursuing the Geology and Paleontology options. The course will involve a mixture of background information delivered through lectures, in-class activities to cement key concepts and train specific techniques, and on- and off-campus field trips",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211",
      "GPHY 284"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 429R",
    "title": "Field Geology: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) A capstone course for the geology and paleontology options. Summer field course with application of field procedures and mapping techniques to a variety of geologic problems and exercises. Students will study a range of rock types, sedimentary depositional environments, and structural deformation styles in order to learn the geological and tectonic history of the western North America Cordillera. Extensive hiking and outdoor physical challenges require that students be physically fit. A fee for supplies, transportation, and other logistical expenses is required",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 309",
      "GEO 315",
      "GEO 428"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-429r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-429r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 433",
    "title": "Tectonics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) History of tectonic theory; modern view of plate tectonic processes; Precambrian tectonics; case studies of Phanerozoic orogenic belts; neotectonics; geophysics. Co-convened with GEO 533",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 315",
      "GEO 533"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-433.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 439",
    "title": "Geophysics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(on demand / when expert faculty is available) Seismology, gravity, isostasy, magnetism and paleomagnetism, electrical methods, radioactivity, geothermics, applied geophysics",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 211",
      "GEO 302",
      "PHSX 207"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-439",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-439.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 440",
    "title": "Volcanology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. Overview of current ideas concerning volcanic eruptions and their resulting deposits, concentrating on examination of processes as elucidated from the study of modern volcanic environments. Required weekend field trip and field trip fee",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 305"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-440",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-440.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 443",
    "title": "Principles of Sedimentary Petrology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Detailed analysis and interpretation of the mineralogy, fabric, and genesis of terrigenous clastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks. Use of thin-section microscopy, the scanning electron microscope, and x-ray diffraction techniques are emphasized in the laboratory. Co-convened with GEO 543",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 309",
      "GEO 543"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-443",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-443.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 445",
    "title": "Glacial Geology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) In-depth study of the processes of glaciation and the resulting land forms. Includes class and library readings, and field examination of features of mountain glaciations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 307"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-445",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-445.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 471",
    "title": "Geochronology and Thermochronology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, odd years. This course will familiarize students with principles of geochronology and thermochronology and applications in Earth and planetary sciences. Topics will include radioactive decay and growth, long- and short-lived radioisotope systems, analytical methods, determining dates and rates of a wide variety processes, and the use of radiogenic isotopes as tracers in Earth and planetary processes. Emphasis will be on fundamentals and systematics of different systems, historical perspectives, analytical methods, data acquisition and applications from recent literature. This course is co-convened with GEO 571",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 309",
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 315",
      "GPHY 284"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-471",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-471.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered on demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand. Co-convened with GEO 591 Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 591"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 494",
    "title": "Senior Geology Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics at the upper division level not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-494.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 497",
    "title": "Geology Instruction: 1-2 Credits (2-4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Student works as a tutor and undergraduate teaching assistant in a teaching laboratory under close academic supervision. Weekly meeting focuses on geology, teaching, organization of class materials, and student supervision. Weekly lab emphasis on applying active learning concepts in a geologic laboratory context Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-497",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-497.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior thesis provides an opportunity to conduct research under the supervision of a faculty member leading to the production of a research paper (\"mini-thesis\") and an oral presentation to the department or at a professional meeting. Excellent preparation for graduate school and professional work",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-499",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-499.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 501",
    "title": "Phylogenetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Theory and practice of inferring evolutionary trees (phylogenies) and using them to statistically model evolution and adaptation (phylogenetic comparative methods). We will explore molecular, morphological, cultural, and fossil data using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-501",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-501.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 502",
    "title": "Molecular Paleontology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course examines the intersection of molecular biology and paleontology to explore evolutionary processes, analyze fossil biomolecules, and reconstruct ancient genomes. Students will gain knowledge of computational techniques, molecular analysis, and ethical considerations shaping molecular research on extinct species.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 508",
    "title": "Depositional Systems: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. Facies models for terrestrial and marine depositional environments and their application to interpreting the stratigraphic record",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 309"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 509",
    "title": "Montana Geology: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered on demand. This course is designed to be rigorous overview of Montana's geologic history form the oldest rocks (Archean in the Beartooth Mountains) to the most recent seismic events. As such, it will also serve as a thorough review of many aspects of undergraduate geology, thus helping to prepare new graduate students for their oral comprehensive exams. Readings will be based on the technical literature, such as articles from refereed journals, advanced topical books and special publications of the Geological Society of America, etc",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-509.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 515",
    "title": "Structural Geology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Advanced topics in structural geology and structural analysis; topics may vary with each offering; class research project is required. Field trip fee required",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 315"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-515.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 517",
    "title": "Taphonomy: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, even years.) Offered Fall, even years. Before one can ask questions about a fossil organism's anatomy, paleoecology or evolution, one must clearly understand its geologic context. Taphonomy investigates the death to discovery history of fossils and the biases created by post-mortem processes to the fossil record. Co-convened with GEO 417",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 448",
      "GEO 309",
      "GEO 310",
      "GEO 411",
      "GEO 417"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 521",
    "title": "Dinosaur Paleontology l: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course introduces the geology and dinosaur paleontology of the Hell Creek Formation of eastern Montana. This location is known for its diverse dinosaur taxa and exposures of the iridium layer associated with dinosaur extinction 65 million years ago.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 522",
    "title": "Dino Paleontology II: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Summer (even years)) Offered Summer of even years. The goal and purpose of this course is to provide an in-depth course for grade 7-12 teachers in geology and paleontology that builds on previous experience and field techniques acquired from GEOL 521 Dinosaur Paleontology of the Hell Creek Formation. In addition to providing basic information on geology and paleontology, this field course includes information on how paleontologists use rocks, fossils and extant animals and modern environments to formulate interpretations about the past. By the end of this course, students will be able to identify sedimentary rocks in which fossils are found, use sedimentary structures for interpretation of depositional environments, and have a better understanding of Montana's geologic past",
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      "GEO 521"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 530",
    "title": "Tectonics of Sedimentary Basin: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring of even years. This course examines the plate tectonic setting and controls on development of modern and ancient sedimentary basins. Includes investigation of sediment provenance, facies patterns, methods of basin analysis, and subsidence history",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 533",
    "title": "Graduate Tectonics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) History of tectonic theory; modern view of plate tectonics processes; Precambrian tectonics; case studies of Phanerozoic orogenic belts; neotectonic; geophysics. Graduate students will be required to write an in-depth research paper on a topic chosen in consultation with the instructor. Co-convened with GEO 433",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 315",
      "GEO 433"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 540",
    "title": "Volcanology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. Understand processes by which magma and associated gases rise into the crust and are extruded onto the Earth's surface and atmosphere, interpret the forms of volcanoes and their magmatic products, and provide the necessary background to perform research in volcanology",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 208IN",
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 450"
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 543",
    "title": "Graduate Sedimentary Petrology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Detailed analysis and interpretation of the mineralogy, fabric, and genesis of terrigenous clastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks. Use of thin-section microscopy, the scanning electron microscope, and x-ray diffraction techniques are emphasized in the laboratory. Co-convened with GEO 448",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 448"
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 550",
    "title": "Graduate Igneous Petrology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, even years. Deepening understanding on the application and formation of igneous minerals, including mineral stability, chemical construction, and common ways these minerals are used to interpret igneous processes. Emphasis on the distribution, mineral associations, and chemical compositions of igneous minerals",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 302",
      "GEO 305"
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 571",
    "title": "Geochronology and Thermochronology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, odd years. This course will familiarize students with principles of geochronology and thermochronology and applications in Earth and planetary sciences. Topics will include radioactive decay and growth, long- and short-lived radioisotope systems, analytical methods, determining dates and rates of a wide variety processes, and the use of radiogenic isotopes as tracers in Earth and planetary processes. Emphasis will be on fundamentals and systematics of different systems, historical perspectives, analytical methods, data acquisition and applications from recent literature. Co-convened with GEO 471 .",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee. Dept of Earth Sciences. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 585",
    "title": "Mineralogy for Science Teachers: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course covers chemical concepts used in mineralogy, including a) crystallography and crystal chemistry; b) physical properties of minerals; c) anion classification and naming of minerals; d) gemstones versus everyday minerals; e) identification of minerals; g) techniques of mineral analysis.",
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    "code": "GEO 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered on demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Co-convened with GEO 491 Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GEO 491"
    ],
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-594.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000094",
    "code": "GEO 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/geo/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-598",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/geo-598.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 100IH",
    "title": "Intro to World Cultures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to a range of issues in the field of international studies through an interdisciplinary approach to world regions. Through lectures, discussion, and project-based learning, students gain knowledge of key cultural, historical, and economic concepts in an international context. Students develop an understanding of national, regional, and area studies models for learning about global issues.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-100ih",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 327",
    "title": "Translating Global Cinema in the 21st Century: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "More than a mere reflection of sociocultural, regional or national frameworks, global cinema offers a multiplicity of styles and stories that help us examine, interpret and evaluate perspectives from across the world",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-327",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 353",
    "title": "The U.S.-Mexican Border: History, Politics and Culture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The primary aim of this course is to gain an understanding of the history, politics, and culture of the U.S.-Mexico Border as a contested space where transnational markets, state agencies, border patrol and immigration policy inform the experiences and opportunities of people who live in its midst",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101",
      "HSTR 130D"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-353",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 395",
    "title": "Instructional Perspectives: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students learn how various pedagogical approaches are realized through class discussion, observation, and practice under the direction of the faculty mentor Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FRCH 323",
      "FRCH 324",
      "GRMN 330",
      "GRMN 331",
      "SPNS 323",
      "SPNS 324"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-395",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-490r",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed seminar or workshops where students will experience learning from seminars, presentations or events from a variety of academic disciplines and societal contexts. Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-494",
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gh-588",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000095",
    "code": "GH 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one- time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
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  },
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    "code": "GH 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gh/",
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  {
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    "code": "GPHY 121D",
    "title": "Human Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Global geographies of population and economic development; patterns of language and religion; global distributions of agriculture, industry, and urban landscapes; use of human geography to analyze selected world problems.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gphy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 141D",
    "title": "Geography of World Regions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Resume of major world regions; their cultures, populations, resources, utilization of land; emphasis on regions outside Anglo-America.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gphy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 284",
    "title": "Intro to GIS Science & Cartog: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Offered through the Earth Sciences and Land Resources and Environmental Sciences (LRES) Departments. Concepts of spatial thinking; understanding spatial relationships and interaction in the natural and built environment. Spatial data principles, data models, relational database concepts, contemporary digital cartography, map design and composition, spatial data conversion, introduction to spatial analysis and synthesis. Concepts of spatial thinking and application; identifying geospatial concepts and methods related to real world issues. Fundamentals of cartography and spatial data principles; students will apply concepts of scale, coordinate systems, projections and create thematic maps according to cartographic standards.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gphy/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/gphy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/gphy-290r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 321",
    "title": "Urban Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "GPHY 322",
    "title": "Economic Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() Offered Spring, even years. Topical issues and contemporary debates in economic geography with a focus on contemporary economic life and networks and their functions at the global, national, and local scales. Topics include: uneven development, climate change, transnational corporations, migrant labor and ethnic economies as well as the spatial patterns and location of economic activity",
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      "STAT 216Q"
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    "code": "GPHY 325",
    "title": "Cultural Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "GPHY 326",
    "title": "Geography of Energy Resources: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Pre-industrial and contemporary energy systems; global distribution of energy resources; implications of energy resource distribution for contemporary geopolitics and development; metrics of energy consumption",
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    "code": "GPHY 329",
    "title": "Environment and Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This course introduces students to the study of relationships between people and the environment from a social science perspective. It explores the social causes and consequences of environmental change and examines the different approaches to decision-making about environmental issues.",
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    "code": "GPHY 357",
    "title": "GPS Fund/App in Mapping: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theory and application of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to mapping in natural resource and land management sciences. Mapping issues and accuracy assessment are emphasized. Labs and term mapping project include hands-on experience with mapping-grade GNSS receivers and work with Trimble post-processing and ESRI software. Introduction to high-accuracy and survey mapping concepts",
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      "gallatin-000213"
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    "code": "GPHY 358",
    "title": "GPS Mapping Srvc Learning: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "Participation in one of three established GPHY 357 service-learning projects: 1) Gallatin County Search and Rescue (SAR) trail mapping; 2) Urban mapping projects with City of Bozeman GIS; 3) AGAI canal mapping to update the Gallatin Valley inventory of water resources.",
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    "code": "GPHY 365",
    "title": "Geographical Planning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Planning history in the U.S.; Main factors, elements, organization, and issues of urban and rural planning in a geographical context; main principles, methods and tools of geographical planning; integration of physical and human variables into the planning process.",
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    "code": "GPHY 384",
    "title": "Adv GIS and Spatial Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "GPHY 401",
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    "code": "GPHY 402",
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    "code": "GPHY 408",
    "title": "Advanced Geospatial Analysis for Earth Sciences: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This course emphasizes the practical and research applications of geospatial and temporal analysis in the study of snow, water, and ice resources. Students will participate in lectures, hands-on labs, and field experiences. It is recommended that students have taken ENSC 444 (Watershed Hydrology) and/or ERTH 450 (Snow Dynamics and accumulation)",
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    "code": "GPHY 411",
    "title": "Biogeography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "GPHY 425",
    "title": "Geographic Thought: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Senior standing in Geography program. A senior capstone course for the geography option. The exploration of the history of geographic thought; the emergence and evolution of modern academic and applied geography. Contemporary trends and issues in geography through independent research projects. Development of a capstone e-Portfolio documenting career goals and MSU journey",
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    "title": "Remote Sensing: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "GPHY 429R",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course is for students from all backgrounds interested in using remote sensing as a tool for their fields of study. Emphasis is put on physical principles of active and passive remote sensing, data discovery, basics of campaign planning, data analysis, modifying and writing custom code in R or a coding language of choice, and digital cartography. In the lab, students will use remote sensing data to investigate their own research questions or one of the topics/questions provided. Graduate students are expected to generate and analyze research questions related to the graduate program exceptions are possible",
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    "code": "GPHY 441R",
    "title": "Mountain Geography: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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      "STAT 216Q"
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    "code": "GPHY 445",
    "title": "Adv. Regional Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "GPHY 141D",
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    "code": "GPHY 471R",
    "title": "Data Science for Climate and Sustainability Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Consent of instructor. Learn Python data science tools to understand climate change and sustainability challenges. Focus on integrating US Census, OpenStreetMap, remote-sensed and weather/climate datasets using MSU Tempest Computing Cluster. Students will develop self-direct final projects. Prior coding experience recommended, but not required. Co-convened with GPHY 571 .",
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    "code": "GPHY 484R",
    "title": "Applied GIS & Spatial Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced spatial analysis, synthesis and modeling concepts and methods. Semester projects apply theory and concepts to a project related to student's discipline. Students learn to develop GIS applications to address a variety of issues",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GPHY 384",
      "STAT 332",
      "STAT 337"
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      "gallatin-000213"
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    "code": "GPHY 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offered on demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand. Co-convened with GPHY 591 Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics at the upper division level not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 497",
    "title": "Geography Instruction: 1-2 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Student works as a tutor and undergraduate teaching assistant in a teaching laboratory under close academic supervision. Weekly meeting focuses on geography teaching, organization of class materials, and student supervision. Weekly lab emphasizes applying active learning concepts in a geography laboratory context Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "GPHY 501",
    "title": "Environmental Planning and Management Toolkit: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "GPHY 502",
    "title": "Water and Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Offered Fall, even years. This course introduces students to the study of relationships between people and the environment from a social science perspective. It explores the social causes and consequences of environmental change and examines the different approaches to decision-making about environmental issues. Co-convened with GPHY 402",
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    "code": "GPHY 504",
    "title": "GIS Research Fundamentals: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Geographic Information Science Fundamentals in the context of developing a research program. Spatial data principles, data models, conversion and sampling strategies, analysis methods and cartography. Lab exercises uses GIS software. Students specialty area explored through literature review and individual project. Lecture co-convened with GPHY 384",
    "prerequisites": [
      "GPHY 384"
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    "code": "GPHY 506",
    "title": "Topics in Resource Geography: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, even years. Resource geographers are concerned with the forces that shape resource development and its outcomes or landscapes, cultures and livelihoods. The goal of this seminar is to introduce and engage with fundamental and current scholarship that addresses resource development—its drivers and outcomes—from a geographic perspective. This is readings-intensive seminar.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 507",
    "title": "Topics in Political Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Spring, even years. This course surveys foundational and recent work in Political Ecology to provide an overview of the theories and methods commonly used in the subfield. This includes Marxist political economy, cultural ecology, and poststructural theories of nature",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "code": "GPHY 508",
    "title": "Advanced Geospatial Analysis for Earth Sciences: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) It is recommended that students have taken ENSC 444 (Watershed Hydrology) or ENSC 445 (Watershed Analysis), and/or ERTH 450 (Snow Dynamics and Accumulation). This course emphasizes the practical and research applications of geospatial and temporal analysis in the study of snow, water, and ice resources. Students will participate in lectures, hands-on labs, and field experiences.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 520",
    "title": "Land Use Planning: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. History and philosophy of land use planning; application of geographical skills to contemporary land use planning issues. Selected topics include population pressure and land requirement, law, eminent domain, property right, public control over private land use, institution, and economics in land use planning",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "id": "gallatin-000096",
    "code": "GPHY 545",
    "title": "Adv Regional Geography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered Fall, odd years. A topical and regional analysis of related political subdivisions or other geographical areas. Course may be taken twice if regional emphases differ. Co-convened with GPHY 445",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ERTH 101",
      "GPHY 121",
      "GPHY 141",
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    "title": "Professional Issues in School Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Presentation of professional and ethical issues in school counseling. Group discussion and various experiential activities will provide students with numerous opportunities to understand current issues and trends in the field of school counseling",
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    "title": "School Counseling Programs: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) Foundations of the school counseling profession including historical and conceptual perspectives of the field, and the knowledge and skills necessary to be a professional school counselor. Particular emphasis will be placed on a thorough understanding of planning, design, implementation, and evaluation of comprehensive school counseling programs",
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    "code": "HDCO 524",
    "title": "Crisis Counseling: Theory and Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDCO 525",
    "title": "Counsel Child & Adolescents: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Application of counseling theories and techniques to preschool and school age (K-12) children and their families. A special emphasis will be placed on implementing appropriate intervention strategies according to age, developmental level, and the counseling setting",
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    "code": "HDCO 526",
    "title": "Adventure Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Graduate standing in CNSL-MS or SCNS-MED. An introduction to the theory and practice of adventure-based counseling and experiential learning. The course will focus on the goals, concepts, and techniques of adventure work. Students will learn numerous adventure games, problem-solving initiatives, and how to design adventure programs.",
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    "code": "HDCO 530",
    "title": "Mind-Body Well-Being Self-Care: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The objectives of this course are two-fold: 1) familiarize students with mind-body, well-being, and self-care interventions; and 2) train students in preventative methods",
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    "code": "HDCO 540",
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    "description": "(Su) The goal of this course is to set the landscape for the broad practice and scope of the mental health in Montana and beyond. This course lays the groundwork for creating and maintaining an inclusive environment while better understanding our own identities as well as will cover ethics around helping and referring individuals who may need mental health support.",
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    "code": "HDCO 550",
    "title": "Counseling Research and Evaluation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDCO 551",
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    "description": "(Su) Topics include test standardization, reliability and validity; developing understanding of appraisal instruments and needs assessment used with individuals and systems; using information derived from selected appraisal instruments; and consultation models used when delivering test informtion to individuals and systems",
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    "code": "HDCO 554",
    "title": "Develop Theory Across Lifespan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) An introduction to the complex developmental relationships among individuals in the family across the life span. Systems, developmental, learning and personality theories across the life span are surveyed. Contextual variables on developmental processes are stressed",
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    "code": "HDCO 558",
    "title": "Career Counseling: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDCO 564",
    "title": "Diagnosis and Mental Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDCO 568",
    "title": "Mental Health Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Mental health counseling methods for treatment of mental disorders, including adults with serious mental illness and severely emotionally disturbed children. Appraisal, treatment planning, evidence-based interventions, medications, crisis intervention, case management, consultation, referral, and professional issues/ethics in treatment of DSM disorders",
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    "code": "HDCO 575",
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    "code": "HDFP 510",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Family Financial Planning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDFP 515",
    "title": "Insurance Planning for Families: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Investing for Family's Future: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This course covers various aspects of the principles of investments and their application to family financial planning. Topics include risk analysis, risk reduction, expected returns of various investments, and the nature of securities markets and investment companies",
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    "code": "HDFP 525",
    "title": "Retirement Planning, Employee Benefits, and Families: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This course covers retirement planning for the individual and the family. Topics include qualified retirement plans, nonqualified plans, IRAs and other plans that offer tax advantages to the individual and family",
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    "title": "Estate Planning for Families: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDFP 540",
    "title": "Personal Income Taxation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course covers the basics of personal income taxation including taxation terminology, taxation issues in investments, taxes and retirement planning, tax management techniques, tax implications in marriage and other close relationships, and other tax topics related to family financial well-being",
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    "code": "HDFP 545",
    "title": "Financial Theory and Research I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) This course introduces students to the social science of family relationships as they relate to processes of family finance and financial planning. The course will cover several theories of family development and functioning, the family as an economic unit, and the interaction of the economy and families. This course is designed to help financial planning students better understand the financial decision-making processes of families through theoretical frameworks and published research",
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    "code": "HDFP 550",
    "title": "Housing/Real Estate: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Su) An overview of the role of housing and real estate in the financial planning process from a theoretical perspective. Taxation, legal aspects, mortgages, and financial calculations related to home ownership and real estate investments are included. New and emerging issues in the context of housing and real estate will be emphasized. The role of ethics in financial planning with housing and real estate will also be included. This course is offered as a distance-delivered course from Oklahoma State University",
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    "title": "Financial Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course emphasizes the development of professional skills for assisting individuals and families to become responsible financial managers through the financial counseling process. Professionals with financial counseling preparation may assist in preventing, alleviating, and/or eliminating financial problems",
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    "code": "HDFP 560",
    "title": "Professional Practices in Family Financial Planning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will cover the professional practice of family financial planning including the process of planning and counseling, ethics of professional practice, types of organizations offering planning and counseling services, and the evaluation of effectiveness in planning and counseling",
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    "title": "Military Personal Finance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HDFP 572",
    "title": "Financial Plan Case Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course is a capstone course in the family financial planning master's and involves the analysis and presentation of case studies that require the application of all material gained in the master's courses to the financial planning process for families",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hdfp/",
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    "title": "Professional Paper: 3-6 Credits (3-6 Other)",
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    "code": "HDFP 576",
    "title": "Professional Practicum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Practicum experience in the field of family financial planning",
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    "code": "HDFP 590",
    "title": "Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Majors in FFPO-MS only. Directed graduate research/creative activity Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "HDFP 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "code": "HDFP 592",
    "title": "Individual Problems: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Majors in FFPO-MS only. Directed research and study on an individual basis. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HDFP 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "code": "HDFS 101IS",
    "title": "Indiv and Fam Dev: Lifespan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Examination of individual growth, development, and well-being within families across the lifespan from conception to death. Emphasis on classical and contemporary individual developmental, and family theories, current research, and practical applications for practitioners, teachers, and parents.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hdfs/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000101",
    "code": "HDFS 138",
    "title": "Survey of Family Finance and Consumer Issues: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) If you need to make dollars last throughout the semester, this class is for you! The course combines some basic economics with how to's of becoming financially literate. Covers earning, using credit, spending plans, avoiding fraud, and financial planning.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hdfs/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000101",
    "code": "HDFS 218",
    "title": "Design, Fashion, and Textiles: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Methods of teaching textiles and apparel; wardrobe management: planning, selection, and purchase; design principles including color, lines, and emphasis; and the care of clothing and types and characteristics of fibers, production and properties of fabrics.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000202"
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    "title": "Managing Work and Family: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Su) Relationship development across the life cycle from a family systems perspective. Relationship dynamics through major relationship transitions including couple formation, cohabitation, marriage, parenthood, death, divorce, and remarriage will be examined. The diversity of family experiences will be emphasized",
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    "title": "Statistical Measures of Well-Being: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Knowledge and skills necessary for planning, establishing and administering various human service programs including early childhood, youth, family, older adults, and agency settings. Students will design a program including preparation of a grant application. This course has been developed to equip students with the knowledge to gain understanding of how organizations provide support to administer programs. The course will focus on the development of strategic organizational plans, goals, and programs",
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    "title": "Principles Wellbeing in Aging: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Examines gender, race, social class, and diversity in family life as well as the intersections of gender, race, class, and other variables, such as geographic location (rural, urban) and household composition, using family systems, ecological, cultural, and feminist frameworks",
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    "code": "HDFS 465R",
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    "description": "(F, Su) An in-depth review of current laws and public policies impacting family well-being including marriage, domestic partnership, divorce, child custody, welfare, foster care, ICWA, and adoption. The impact of workplace and health care policies on families is also examined",
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    "title": "Home Visiting for Families: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000101",
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    "code": "HDFS 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000101",
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    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment with a professional agency to provide a guided field experience Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "title": "Statistical Approaches to Studying Children, Families and Communities: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. A graduate-level course focused on statistical measures in community health, early childhood, human development and family science. The course develops statistical computation skills, in addition to critical thinking about empirical evidence",
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    "id": "gallatin-000101",
    "code": "HDFS 525",
    "title": "Family Finance and Resource Management: Teaching & Outreach: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course equips educators with skills to enhance financial well-being in communities, covering theories, financial education, money psychology, and resource management. Students engage in practical activities and use a Critical Science Perspective to create and evaluate financial/resource management curricula.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000101",
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    "title": "Culinary and Nutrition Instruction in Family and Consumer Sciences: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) Using a food literacy approach, this course examines research-based nutrition knowledge, culinary skills, and how these inform student’s future professional endeavors. We will explore instructional pedagogy to integrate these components within the same classroom or community educational setting.",
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    "title": "Contemporary Issues in Human Development: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() Offered every other Summer. This course provides students with a deeper understanding of contemporary issues in human development. Major theoretical perspectives will be introduced to guide the study of human development. Contemporary empirical issues regarding development across the life-span will be addressed. The course will encourage students to apply course information as they prepare for careers working with individuals and families",
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    "code": "HEE 310",
    "title": "Methods of Adapted Health Enhancement: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) HEEN-BS majors only. Curriculum design, planning and instruction, methods and strategies, and resource materials for teaching health in school and community settings. Students will meet each week in a K-12 school setting as part of the field experience component",
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    "code": "HEE 430",
    "title": "Instructional Design in Health Enhancement: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "HEE 491",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000102",
    "code": "HEE 492",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000102",
    "code": "HEE 506",
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    "code": "HEE 588",
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    "code": "HHD 512",
    "title": "Research Methods in HHD II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will learn and apply concepts to propose and conduct a graduate-level research project in the health sciences. The course emphasizes the research process, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed method design, sampling, measurement issues, ethics, and science communication",
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    "code": "HHD 550",
    "title": "Sport Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Course will provide an overview of the bioenergetics of muscular work, neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory function, physical training and performance in various environments, nutrition and ergogenic aids, body composition, temperature regulation, endocrine response, and sport testing techniques utilizing virtual laboratory experiences",
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    "code": "HHD 551",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Course will provide an overview of macronutrient and micronutrient metabolism and function, popular ergogenic aids and sports performance, nutritional quackery, nutritional recommendations for improved physical performance, fluid and electrolyte needs, thermoregulation, and nutritional analyses and consultation techniques",
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    "code": "HHD 552",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) An overview of basic concepts, behavioral principles, and history; anxiety, arousal, and motivation; leadership, cohesion, and audience effects; aggression and violence; populations including ethnicity, gender, high risk, injured, youth, and elite; coaching psychology; and personality assessment techniques",
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    "code": "HHD 591",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HIST 502",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HIST 504",
    "title": "Topics in Environmental History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "code": "HIST 505",
    "title": "U.S. History 1860-Present: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "Graduate research and analysis of important issues in recent American history. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "title": "Hist of Science/Tech/Society: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "code": "HIST 507",
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    "code": "HIST 508",
    "title": "Historic Preserv:Theory & Prac: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "code": "HIST 509",
    "title": "Oral History: Theory and Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HIST 512",
    "title": "Topics in World History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "Examination of topics of current scholarly concern in history other than United States Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 513",
    "title": "Social & Cultural History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "code": "HIST 515",
    "title": "The American West: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed readings and analysis of major problems in the history of the American West Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 540",
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    "description": "Consideration of historical thinking, the uses of evidence and historical methodology Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper & Project: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 588",
    "title": "Professional Developmnt: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HIST 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional time",
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    "code": "HIST 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HIST 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 689",
    "title": "Doctoral Reading & Research: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Presentation and discussion of dissertation research and writing. May be repeated. -. Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
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    "code": "HIST 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "code": "HLD 102",
    "title": "Leadership Explorations: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "HLD 121US",
    "title": "Leadership Foundations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "HLD 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 206",
    "title": "Leading Adaptively in a Complex World: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 221",
    "title": "Critical Thinking, Writing and Leading: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) In this seminar students discover, evaluate and apply Critical and creative writing and Thinking and their relationship to Leadership. Using various techniques, including Socratic Questioning, students develop and practice effective writing and critical thinking skills.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HLD 298",
    "title": "Internship: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Max 6 cr. An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HLD 301",
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    "code": "HLD 346",
    "title": "The Leader's Way: Deep Listening, Systems & Processes: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Sophomore standing. The course encourages an awareness and application of the fundamental skills of leading, specific contexts for their use, and methods and techniques to enhance their effectiveness. The learning foundation is interpersonal communication within a systems approach. Students will experience activities that combine content rigor, skill enhancement behavior change within a seminar and laboratory setting.",
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    "code": "HLD 347D",
    "title": "Global Leadership & Cultural Humility: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Sophomore standing and HLD 121US recommended but not required. This course adds the context of “global” to the study of leadership. Global leadership is exercised by mobilizing people to address global situations occurring in complex social environments and across borders. This course will invite students to 1) critically examine the practice of extra-cultural leadership; 2) critically examine one’s own culture and identity; and 3) study specific concepts related to global leadership and cultural humility to inform future contributions.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 401",
    "title": "Intermediate Peer Mentorship: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) For students who have been accepted into the University Studies Peer Mentor Program. Mentors are paired with first-year students enrolled in University Studies courses. This course further develops mentoring skills through theoretical and experiential learning. Topics include: intermediate mentoring techniques, leadership development, conflict resolution, effective use of campus resources in mentoring contexts. HLD 301 PreReq Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 403",
    "title": "Advanced Peer Mentorship: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) For students who have been accepted into the University Studies Peer Mentor Program. Mentors are paired with first-year students enrolled in University Studies courses. This advanced course synthesizes mentoring theory and practice through continued experiential learning. Topics include: advanced mentorship strategies, leadership development, reflective practice, and application of mentorship skills beyond the classroom. HLD 401 PreReq",
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    "code": "HLD 460",
    "title": "Student Leader Training: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Knowledge and skills necessary for interaction, presentation, and facilitation with regard to new student group leading, peer advising, and campus representation Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HLD 463",
    "title": "Student Assistant Training: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 464",
    "title": "Student Assistant Candidate Training: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course includes exposure to college student development theories, advising, and communication skill development areas within a residence hall setting. Emphasis is given to working with individuals and groups in a peer counseling/educational role. Resident Advisor roles and responsibilities are also addressed",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hld-491",
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    "id": "gallatin-000105",
    "code": "HLD 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "description": "() On demand. Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HLD 494",
    "title": "AdvoCat Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "As student ambassadors on campus, AdvoCats are trained to market the programs and activities at MSU to prospective students and their families Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "HLD 498",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HMED 140",
    "title": "Introduction to Health Professions: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HMED 240",
    "title": "UG Clinical Observation: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will provide fundamentals in health care professionalism through discussions of professionalism, HIPAA, medical ethics, and case studies. Following successful completion of the didactic component of the course, students will participate in a series of clinical observation rotations. Offered by Health Professions Advising",
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    "code": "HMED 340",
    "title": "Introduction to Dentistry: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is ideal for students who want to confirm an interest in a career in dentistry. An overview of tooth anatomy, development and vocabulary will position students to better understand the various specialties presented at the clinics of community dentists. Offered by Health Professions Advising",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHMY 143",
      "BIOB 260"
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    "code": "HMED 440",
    "title": "Clinical Observation: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This shadowing experience will provide students with the opportunity to observe providers in a clinical setting and position them to meet, in part, the requirements for application to health professional school. Offered by Health Professions Advising Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHMY 143",
      "BIOB 260"
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    "code": "HMED 540",
    "title": "Clinical Practicum: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A practical course for students going into the medical field to observe and learn about the services provided by different health care professionals at various stages of patient care. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
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    "code": "HMED 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper and Project: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) M.S. students conduct a scholarly project under the mentorship of a faculty member Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "HMED 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Designed for medical students required to complete additional study related to the required blocks or threads offered during the pre-clinical foundation phase of the School of Medicine curriculum. Intended for students in remedial or extended programs to master fund of knowledge. Repeatable up to 20 credits.",
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    "code": "HMED 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics include current issues in health care delivery, review of medical literature, exploration of ethical issues in medicine, and application strategies Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "HONR 123",
    "title": "Hike and Read: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course held off campus for a weekend.",
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    "code": "HONR 124",
    "title": "Ski and Read: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HONR 125",
    "title": "Tippet Rise Art Expedition: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Honors College students only. Travel to Tippet Rise Art Center to attend world-class concerts, view large-scale art installations, and explore a unique model of land and business management. Learn about creative processes through readings, lectures and direct interactions with performing artists.",
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    "code": "HONR 141",
    "title": "Honors Research Symposium: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This symposium provides a focused and interactive forum to introduce highly motivated students to the exciting fields and opportunities for undergraduate research at MSU. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
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    "code": "HONR 200",
    "title": "Taking the Pulse of Montana in a Changing World: 3 Credits (2 Lab, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Climate change can be a tricky topic – a ‘trigger’ phrase in some communities that inspires derision by those skeptical that humans can alter our atmosphere and planetary systems. At the same time, the phrase might inspire an equally heartfelt level of scorn by those promoting (with, at least recently, little success) policies that should spur sharp reductions in human emissions of greenhouse gases so as to minimize the consequences of rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. Our broadest course objective is to improve students ‘climate literacy’ on four focal areas of Montana's economy",
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    "code": "HONR 201US",
    "title": "Texts and Critics: Knowledge & Imagination I: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "University Seminar in critical reading/analysis of fundamental texts in the humanities, arts, communication, social studies, science, and history of ideas. Socratic teaching methodology. Particular emphasis on development of analysis and criticism through argument, writing, and oral communication. Academic writing and oral argumentation presentations. Course may not be repeated.",
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    "code": "HONR 202IH",
    "title": "Texts and Critics: Knowledge & Imagination II: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Critical reading/analysis of fundamental texts in the humanities, arts, communication, social studies, science, and history of ideas. Socratic teaching methodology. Particular emphasis on development of analysis and criticism through argument, writing, and oral communication. Academic writing and oral argumentation presentations. Course may not be repeated",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 203",
    "title": "Finding Balance: A Climber's Journey: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course sits at the confluence of the bodies somatic experience (as framed through the lens of climbing movement) and socio-political analysis, exploring how 21st century stressors like social media, hyper-partisan politics, global warming, Corona virus, and socio/economic inequity are experienced bodily and in turn how this effects our thinking. The central purpose of the course is to help students develop a conceptual and hands-on framework that supports both physical and mental wellness. Part philosophy, part physical practice, this course uses somatic modes of attention, putting into practice lessons in readings on Zen, Yoga, mindfulness, dance, and meditation. In addition, we will use climbing as a metaphor to explore “the wilderness within”—examining topics such as the psychology of risk, fear and stress, failure and success, ethics, and the body’s lived experience of politics, trauma, and social challenges . This course is open to all students; no previous climbing experience is needed",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 301US"
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    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 204D",
    "title": "Great Expeditions: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Preparation and execution of a journey paralleling a portion of a historically and/or culturally significant expedition. Students study the original expedition journals, history, social, scientific, artistic, and environmental context as well as plan their own expedition. The expedition usually occurs following the conclusion of spring semester and students are required to make a public presentation on the expedition and their specific research project during the subsequent semester COREQUISITE: HONR 201 or HONR 202 or HONR 301 Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 210",
    "title": "Mentoring Gifted Students: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Honors students mentor gifted students from the Bozeman Public Schools. Students meet together in seminar discussion, plan and implement projects, and evaluate their projects Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 220",
    "title": "Introduction to Fundamental Rights and the United States Constitution: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Constitution – particularly under the 4th, 5th and 14th Amendments. This course will also offer Honors students an introduction to U.S. Constitutional Law. From search and seizure to Roe v. Wade, students will explore the evolution of fundamental rights as interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court. The course will also compare federal law to distinctive privacy provisions in Montana’s Constitution.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201",
      "HONR 202",
      "HONR 301"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 275",
    "title": "Extreme Microbiology in Yellowstone: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Yellowstone National Park (YNP), one of the world’s largest active volcanos, is home to over 14,000 geothermal features which serve as unique ecosystems for many uncharacterized and uncultured extremophilic (extreme-loving) microorganisms. This course will introduce you to the unique Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya inhabiting YNP’s geothermal hot springs. You will learn how microorganisms influence hot springs, contribute to the cycling of nutrients, and how these unique organisms are used in a variety of biotechnology applications. You will also visit these ecosystems on a 3-4 day field sampling trip, and through sample collection, laboratory work, and analyses you will develop culturing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Consent of instructor and approval of Dean. Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 301US",
    "title": "Texts and Critics II: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Critical reading/analysis of fundamental texts in the humanities, arts, communication, social studies, science, and history of ideas. Socratic teaching methodology. Particular emphasis on development of analysis and criticism through argument, writing, and oral communication. Academic writing and oral argumentation presentations. Course may not be repeated.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 319IA",
    "title": "The Transformative Power of Music: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will investigate the transformative power of music, through an exploration of the musical legacy of the Ancient Greeks, the role of music in cognitive development and its application in healthcare, the value of music education, and a discussion of significant works of music as manifested in social movements, and in cultural and religious contexts. Within the structure of a Socratic seminar, students will actively participate in the discourse. Students will also engage in the creation of a musical composition in small groups. The course will culminate in multi- and inter-disciplinary research projects, which will be presented in a public forum at the end of the term in Inspiration Hall. Note: No prior coursework in music or musical experience are required for this course",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 301US"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 400",
    "title": "Death Becomes Us: The Mystery of Mortality and the Need for Meaning: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Does it matter that we are the only creatures we know of who are aware of their own mortality? Does this awareness help shape our beliefs and therefore our behaviors? Might death anxiety undergird both our greatest triumphs and our most heartbreaking tragedies? To delve into these complex questions, this course will necessarily involve an interdisciplinary approach, utilizing the fields of philosophy, theology, psychology, history, mythology, literature, sociology, and science",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 405",
    "title": "The Creation of Fictional Worlds: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will research and explore the creation of speculative fiction settings in novels, cinema, theater, and graphic novels, and then devise original contemporary expressions of worldbuilding",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 406",
    "title": "Critical Perspectives in Leadership: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Leadership issues permeate every aspect of our lives. The purpose of this course is to encourage students to develop and exercise critical thinking skills concerning the different issues impacting leadership in the 21st century",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 407IA",
    "title": "Understanding Shakespeare from Folio to Performance: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will research, explore, and create contemporary expressions of the timeless human questions at the heart of Shakepeare's plays",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000107",
    "code": "HONR 408IN",
    "title": "Wolves in Yellowstone: A Social, Scientific and Visual Journey: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An inquiry into historic and current attitudes towards wolves framed in the context of wolf reintroduction in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Students will also develop natural history photography skills through a combination of weekly in-class instruction, independent assignments, and 2-3 day trips to Yellowstone National Park and surrounding lands",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HONR 201US",
      "HONR 202IH",
      "HONR 301US"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/honr/",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to the American West examines the conquest, settlement, and development west of the Mississippi River.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-160d",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-160d.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 220IH",
    "title": "Shaping of America: History of American Religion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In 1630, John Winthrop warned the Puritan community who was about to embark from the Arabella that the city they were going to found should be as a “city on a hill,” a beacon of godliness to the world. This course focuses on American religious life from Winthrop forward, looking at how religion has shaped American politics and society from the fifteenth century to the present.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-220ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-220ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-291",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 298",
    "title": "American History Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-298",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-298.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 300",
    "title": "Writing for History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This new course is designed for students who are early in their history careers. It will serve as a bridge between 100-level courses, which serve as introductions to central topics and problems in history, and 300- and 400-level courses in which advanced students are expected to apply a broad range of sophisticated historical and historiographical skills. Through the topic of American history, we will explore how historians think, write, and talk about the past. Students will be responsible for learning how to identify historical theses and persuasive evidence, to distinguish between primary and secondary sources, and to articulate verbally and in writing their own assessments of our readings",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-300",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-300.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 311",
    "title": "Early America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "before 1800. Topics include pre-Columbian Native Americans, the European invasion and settlement of America, the social, economic and political evolution of the colonies, the American Revolution, and the establishment of the new nation.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-311",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-311.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 315",
    "title": "Early American Republic, 1787-1848: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The political, social and economic history of the United States during its formative years. Topics include the emergence of national political parties and democratic politics, westward expansion, economic and social development, slavery, Indian removal and social reform",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-315",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-315.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 316",
    "title": "American Civil War Era: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Political, economic, and social developments leading to sectional division breakdown of political accommodations, Civil War, and Reconstruction",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-316",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-316.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 320",
    "title": "Birth of Modern US: 1865-1945: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The modern US was born in the fiery crucible of these pivotal decades, shaped by the resurgent racism of Reconstruction, the wrenching dislocation of rapid industrialization and technological change, the rise of big cities and big business, and the catastrophic economic collapse of the Great Depression that gave rise to the New Deal order that would define the nation for decades to come",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-320",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-320.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 322",
    "title": "Am History: WWII to Present: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "since the end of WWII.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-322",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-322.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 334",
    "title": "American Myth, Memory and Monuments: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigate how American public monuments create and reinforce historical narratives",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-334",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-334.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 402",
    "title": "Sex and Sexuality in America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores how definitions of sex and sexuality have changed in the United States from the sixteenth-century to the present. In the course, students will come to understand sexuality and sex as historically constructed and will investigate the importance of these topics to American politics and culture. Students will also examine how societies have tried to govern sexuality and the constant challenge that individuals have offered to sexual regulation. Topics will include: prostitution, birth control, abortion, homosexuality, the development of transsexual identity, and women’s liberation movements",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-402",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-402.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 403",
    "title": "Plants and Power in American History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course considers the ways in which American agricultural history fundamentally shaped the political, economic, social, racial, and ecological structures of American society from the colonial period to the twentieth century",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-403",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-403.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 406",
    "title": "McCarthy, Populism and Fear in US Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An analysis of the ways the Truman and Eisenhower administrations dealt with anti-communism, with a focus on McCarthyism",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-406",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-406.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 407",
    "title": "Gender in US & Canadian West: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Exploring the US and Canadian West in the light of gender. Focuses on topics of race and ethnicity, families and intimacy, politics and the law, paid and unpaid work, and art and culture",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-407",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-407.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 408",
    "title": "Gender in America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "History of women in America from colonial times to the present. Analysis of gender relations, the family, the struggle by women to achieve civil rights and social reform, the problems of working women, and the rise of feminism",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-408",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-408.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 409",
    "title": "Food in America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of the history of the production, consumption, and cultural meaning of food in America. In this class, food functions as the gateway to examine issues of labor, gender, race, and class in America from the colonial period to the present",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-409",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-409.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 410",
    "title": "Disease in America: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) From smallpox to yellow fever to COVID-19, epidemics have played a significant role in American history. How have these diseases and others affected people’s lives as well as historical events? What have people’s responses to epidemics been, and how have those responses informed social relations and perceptions, including those around health, bodies, community membership and emerging conceptions of race? This course will explore the ways in which illness and disease shaped and changed populations and societies in the US. It will also examine various cultural approaches to sickness, health, and medicine, as we read about indigenous, African- and Euro-American medical traditions. Topics to be covered include “virgin soil” epidemics; the cultural and political aspects of medical practices; and various ways that race and social class affect people’s perceptions of, responses to, and experiences with illness and health",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-410",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-410.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 412IH",
    "title": "American Thought and Culture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The fundamental purpose of this course is to show the interconnectedness of science, philosophy, literature, and religion in shaping the American intellectual tradition from the Puritan founding to the present",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-412ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-412ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 416",
    "title": "Race and Class in America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "from early European and Native American contact until the present. Considers issues of racism, race relations, slavery, African-American culture, jazz, the modern Civil Rights movement, and current policy and racial questions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D",
      "AMST 101D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-416",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-416.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 450",
    "title": "History of American Indians: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Indian affairs in America from 1600-1970. Emphasis on white reaction to the American Indians and the effect of the European invasion on Indian culture",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-450",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-450.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 460",
    "title": "Montana and the West: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A survey of how the region that became the territory and then the state of Montana developed. Focuses on the social, economic, cultural, military, and political patterns that connect Montana with the rest of the American West",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-460",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-460.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 464",
    "title": "History of the American West: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Exploration of major themes in the development of the American West, such as conquest and settlement, economic development, racial and ethnic diversity, urbanization, and popular culture",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-464",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-464.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 468",
    "title": "History of Yellowstone: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Historical analysis of changing perceptions of nature on development of Yellowstone and of the Park's place in the context of a modernizing American nation",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-468",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-468.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 470",
    "title": "American Environmental History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Survey of changing perceptions and uses of the natural world from the colonial era to the present",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-470",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-470.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 472",
    "title": "American Built Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course analyzes the buildings, structures, and landscapes of the American past to understand important developments in U.S. history",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-472",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-472.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 474",
    "title": "Fire in America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) History of fire and human interaction with fire from ancient times to the present, with emphasis on North America and the American West",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-474",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-474.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 482",
    "title": "Technology and the Fate of Humanity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "From the earliest stone tools to electricity, nuclear weapons, and the modern smart phone, technologies have repeatedly transformed the very nature of what it means to be \"human.\" Using case studies from the United States and around the globe, this course reveals how key technologies have shaped history while also grappling with a profoundly important question: Can we learn to control the technologies that increasingly threaten our future existence?.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-482",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-482.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Course will address responsible conduct of research. Directed research on an individual basis Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-490r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-490r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-491",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-491.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-492.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000109",
    "code": "HSTA 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hsta/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hsta-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 101IH",
    "title": "Western Civilization I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) Survey of the ancient Near East, Greece, Rome, and the European world through 1600. Emphasis on social, economic, and cultural history.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-101ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-101ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 102IH",
    "title": "Western Civilization II: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course explores the political, social, and cultural transformation of Europe from the absolute monarchies of the 1600s through the birth of the European Union. Topics include global overseas trade, revolutions, cityscapes, class and gender identities, environmental transformations, and the experience and memory of war. Introduces students to historical methods for analyzing primary sources such as architectural plans, maps, paintings, photographs, music, diaries, political treaties, and propaganda films.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-102ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-102ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 105IH",
    "title": "Making Our World-Ten Events: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course identifies the ten most important events in world history by exploring the role of the past in creating today's world.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-105ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-105ih.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 130D",
    "title": "Latin American History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The history of Latin America, and the Caribbean from the Pre-Columbian period to the present, with emphasis focused on the origins and legacies of colonialism and imperialism.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 135D",
    "title": "The Modern Middle East: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This introductory course examines the Middle East from the early twentieth century until the present day. Beginning with the Ottoman and Safavid empires, this course explores a variety of themes relating to the region and its place in the world.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206",
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 140D",
    "title": "Modern Asia: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the legacies of imperialism, war, and revolution in the rise of modern East Asia, primarily Japan and China.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206",
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 145D",
    "title": "Reinventing Japan: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the political and cultural development of Japan from earliest time to the present. Special attention will be given to Japanese relations with Asia and the West.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000206",
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 146IH",
    "title": "The Silk Road: Religion and Globalization: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) 3 Lec) On-line only, F, S, Su Introduction to the role of cross-cultural exchange as a driving force in history. Surveys the cultures, art and religions found along the ancient trade route known as the Silk Road.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-146ih",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 160D",
    "title": "Modern World History: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to themes important for understanding the world historical roots of conflict through an examination of religion and belief, social and cultural identities and differences, politics, and global interconnections.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 205CS",
    "title": "The World Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Examines the history, science, and ethics of risk, focusing on the complex relationship of science, technology, and risk in modern age. Includes exploration of knowledge production in science and technology; case studies such as industrial health and safety, the atomic age, \"natural\" disasters, and global warming to understand how risk has been defined, perceived, and remedied; and team research projects on such topics as automobile safety, earthquakes, and maquiladores.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 207CS",
    "title": "Sci and Tech in World History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys the role of science and technology in relation to social, political, and economic change in global history. Special attention is given to the historical development of scientific and technological knowledge, the ways different societies have linked ideas of progress and science and how history can provide valuable perspective to contemporary debates over potentially revolutionary scientific and technological practices.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 210IH",
    "title": "History of the Bible: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores the history of the peoples, places, ideas, and texts that combined over hundreds of years to produce the Bible as a single book, and examines the influence of this book on the development of western thought and culture.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 221IH",
    "title": "God - Past, Puzzle, Present: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The history and roots and of varieties of concepts of the divine in various religious traditions.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 282CS",
    "title": "Darwinian Revolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Covers the history, philosophy, and our current understanding of the biological sciences, focusing especially on the theory of evolution. Explores Darwin's ideas, the manner in which he came to them, his argument's explanatory power, and the diverse ramifications of evolutionary theory, including the modern debates in science and religion, stem cell research, cloning, sociobiology, and other tricky contemporary issues.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 298",
    "title": "World History Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 302",
    "title": "Ancient Greece: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Emphasis on reading ancient sources in translation.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-302.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 304",
    "title": "Ancient Rome: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Emphasis on reading ancient sources in translation.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-304",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-304.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 308",
    "title": "Ancient Egypt: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of History Philosophy.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTR 160D"
    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 313",
    "title": "Religion and Violence: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will examine the religious roots of various social and political categories in today's world which might include, among others, nationalism, fundamentalism, or sexism, and examine the means by which these categories affect contemporary society and events",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-313",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-313.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 316",
    "title": "Ancient India: Text and Ritual: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "close analysis of primary texts and ritual traditions in ancient India",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RLST 202D",
      "RLST 203D",
      "HSTR 146IH",
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTR 105IH",
      "HSTR 135D",
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D",
      "HSTR 210IH",
      "PHL 270"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 322",
    "title": "19th Century Europe: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: HSTR 101IH or HSTR 102IH A comparative and transnational approach to the history of modern Europe from the French Revolution to the First World War.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-322",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-322.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 324",
    "title": "20th Century Europe: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The rise of fascism, communism, and the interwar crisis along with post-World War II developments.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-324",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-324.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 330",
    "title": "History of Mexico: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines the historical processes that resulted in the creation of Modern Mexico",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTR 130D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-330",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-330.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 331",
    "title": "Archaeology, Exploration, and Religion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will utilize archaeology and archaeological method and theory as a means to study the history and development of the peoples, places, writings, and religious beliefs of the ancient Near Eastern world",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTR 105IH",
      "HSTR 210IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-331",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-331.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 340",
    "title": "Age of the Shoguns: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores the political, cultural, and diplomatic issues involved in the development of the Tokugawa state and the emergence of modern Japanese identity",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-340",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-340.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 342",
    "title": "Japan's Meiji Revolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigates the revolutionary changes that Japan underwent between the 1770's and 1910 and the emergence of modern Japanese nationalism",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-342",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-342.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 345",
    "title": "Modern China: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Social, political, and economic history of the People's Republic of China",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-345",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-345.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 346",
    "title": "Modern India: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Social, economic, political, and intellectual history of India during the 19th and 20th centuries",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-346",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-346.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 350",
    "title": "Modern Britain: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The emergence and fall of Britain as a world power. Topics of study may include industrialization, the slow emergence of democracy in Britain, the role of the family in Victorian Britain, and the impact of the empire within Britain",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-350",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-350.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 352",
    "title": "France Revolution: 1789-1848: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class introduces students to the major political, social, economic, and environmental changes that took place in Revolutionary-era France, from 1789-1848. Particular emphasis will be placed on the transformation of subjects into citizens through participation in democratic institutions as well as street politics. Who became a French revolutionary and why? What drove revolutionaries to overturn the French government in 1789, 1830, and 1848? What is the lasting legacy of France's legendary revolutionary past?.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-352",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-352.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 353",
    "title": "Modern France: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A survey of French history from 1750 to the present, focusing on revolutions, the emergence of modern French culture, dynamics between Paris and provincial France, and the experience of war.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-353",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-353.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 359",
    "title": "Russia to 1917: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the emergence and development of the Russian Empire with a focus upon the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-359",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-359.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 360",
    "title": "Cold War Europe: 3 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This class explores the cultural, diplomatic, and political history of Eastern Europe during the Cold War era (1945-1989). Beginning with a discussion of the region’s imperial past, we then examine the political conditions surrounding Eastern Europe during the interwar years. Whereas the Cold War is typically thought of in terms of a single era, we discover that there were actually several eras taking place in the region within this time period. We also see that relations between the Soviet Union and its Eastern European satellites (and non-satellites) were not always so simple. This course goes up to the present day, underscoring the historical roots of the region’s contemporary issues and concerns involving the European Union, NATO, and relations with Russia",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-360",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-360.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 362",
    "title": "Modern Germany: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An in-depth look at the economic, social, and political developments of modern Germany",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-362",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-362.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 364",
    "title": "Modern Austria: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An in-depth look at the historical, social, political, and cultural developments of the Habsburg Empire and Modern Austria",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-364",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-364.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 365",
    "title": "The History of the Ancient Near East: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Using primary texts, archaeological materials, and historical studies, the course examines human culture and society in the ancient Near East from its earliest beginnings (ca. 500 BCE) to the conquests of Alexander the Great (332 BCE)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTR 105IH",
      "HSTR 210IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-365",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-365.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 366",
    "title": "Middle East/20th Century: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigates major diplomatic, economic, cultural and religious themes from the Middle East in the 20th century. Students will choose topics and countries of interest for specific, instructor-guided research",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-366",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-366.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 367",
    "title": "Nazi Art and Propaganda: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) HSTR 367 examines the art and propaganda of the Third Reich through historical lenses",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-367",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-367.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 372",
    "title": "The World at War: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The First or Second World War examined through political, military, technological, and social history, in the contexts of the early decades of the 20th century and consequences up to the present",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH",
      "HSTA 160D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-372",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-372.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 375",
    "title": "Eurasian Borderlands: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides a comparative and thematic approach to a series of issues related to the theme of cross-cultural contact. Draws on scholarly literature pertaining to the Balkans, the Middle East, and the former Soviet Union to examine imperialism, national and religious identity, human mobility, and genocide",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-375",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-375.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 376",
    "title": "Twentieth Century War: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Why was the 20th century the most violent period in human history? In this course, we will examine the fascinating causes and histories of the great military conflicts in the Pacific and Europe, including WWI and WWII and ending with the American war in Vietnam.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-376",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-376.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 388",
    "title": "The United States and the World Since 1945: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course examines U.S. foreign relations since the end of World War II through the present. In addition to exploring the Soviet-American confrontations of the Cold War, this class also examines the decolonization movements of the twentieth century and U.S. foreign relations in the post-Cold War years",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-388",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-388.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 391",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-391",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-391.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 405",
    "title": "American Holy Land: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course examines the ways in which the historical development of the idea of the \"holy land\" influenced both American culture and society as well as American views of and interactions with these regions in the modern world",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTR 210IH",
      "HSTA 220IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-405",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-405.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 407",
    "title": "Soviet Union: Rise & Fall: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines the history of the USSR and its successor states in Europe and Asia. Beginning with the late imperial era, it examines the major political, cultural, and social developments taking place in the region to the present day",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-407",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-407.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 415",
    "title": "Gender and Technology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class explores the relationship between gender and technology in comparative cultural, social, and historical perspective",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-415",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-415.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 416",
    "title": "Global History of Food: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "or World History or consent of the instructor. (Sp) In this course food functions as a gateway to examine issues of trade, globalization, labor systems, ways of knowing, imperial encounters, and the development, transmission, and transformation of various world cuisines",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-416",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-416.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 417",
    "title": "Early Modern Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics of study may include the relationships between religion and science, science and gender, and technological change and the structure of society",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTR 282CS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-417",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-417.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 419",
    "title": "Modern Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The emergence of modern science in Europe and America from the Scientific Revolution to the Atomic Age. Special emphasis will be given to the cultural, political, and economic rise of science and technology within society",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 102IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-419",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-419.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 423",
    "title": "European Intellectual History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The ideologies and major thinkers who have influenced European history from the French Revolution to the present day",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-423",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-423.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 425",
    "title": "Mapping the World: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores the role of map-making in global history from the 1600's through the present. Class discussions will focus on the role of cartographic images in modern state formation, maritime exploration, nation building, colonial conquest, and urban social geography",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-425",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-425.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 426",
    "title": "History of Yoga: East and West: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Every other Spring) examines the history of yoga in the East (India) and West; from ancient origins to modern appropriations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RLST 203D",
      "HSTR 146IH",
      "PHL 101IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-426",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-426.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 427",
    "title": "Nature & Culture in European History: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores the connections between nature and culture in the historical context of modern Europe from 1600-present. Topics include natural disasters such as fires and floods, resource extraction in European colonies, the environmental impacts of World War I and World War II, attitudes toward nature among European political groups such as fascists and communists, and the historical development of conservation and sustainability movements in European countries. The course culminates in a primary source research paper on an environmental history topic of each student's choosing.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-427",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-427.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 430",
    "title": "Latin Amer Social History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": ". Introduces students to field of social history through case studies of social movements in Latin America. Case studies may include the Mexican Revolution, resistance to military dictatorship in Brazil, indigenous movements in the Andes, and environmental justice movements in the circum-Caribbean",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-430",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-430.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 431",
    "title": "Race in Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores the history of race relations in Latin America, focusing on the traditional links between \"race\" and power. Topics may include examinations of Indigenous, African, and European cultures/ethnicities, from the Conquest to the present day",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 130D",
      "HSTA 101IH",
      "HSTA 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-431",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-431.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 432",
    "title": "Colonial Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This seminar-style course examines the colonial period in Latin America, with special attention to cross-cultural contact and conflict, religion, and social hierarchies of race and gender",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-432",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-432.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 433",
    "title": "Latin American Perspectives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course approaches historical developments, literature, and construction of identity in twentieth-century Latin America. Taught in English with Spanish reading/writing option. Focus will vary by instructor. Cross-listed with SPNS 430 , however, SPNS has a language component that HSTR does not contain as an assessment outcome.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-433",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-433.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 434",
    "title": "Gender in Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An exploration of the ways in which transformations in the historical construction of gender and sexuality shaped and were shaped by broader processes of socioeconomic, political, and cultural change in Latin American history",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 130D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-434",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-434.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 435",
    "title": "Latin America: Human Rights: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": ". Seeks deeper understanding of phenomenon of violence in modern world and development of international human rights norms by examining case studies from Latin America. Topics may include military dictatorships, revolutions, foreign interventions, drug cartels, and street gangs",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-435",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-435.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 436",
    "title": "Armed Conflict in Modern Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Considers the roots and outcomes of different armed conflicts in modern Latin America, including foreign intervention, revolutionary conflict, state violence, and extralegal violence.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-436",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-436.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 438",
    "title": "Latin American Nature in History and Culture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Examines Latin American history and culture through the intersection of human and natural worlds from Precolumbian times to the present day. Topics will include: the globalization of biota and the making of modern Latin American societies; various human constructions of nature and their real-world implications; how the region's environmental diversity has shaped human societies; and nature's role in shaping Latin American identites and cultures.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-438",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-438.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 443",
    "title": "Gender in Asia: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Any 100-level HSTR, HSTA or AMST course or 100-level PHL or RLST course or 100- or 200-level CHIN course or 100- or 300-level JPNS course or WS 491 or consent of instructor Explores the ways in which constructions of gender in China, Japan, and Korea shaped and were shaped by broad social, political, and cultural factors, from the pre-modern period to the present.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WS 491"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-443",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-443.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 445",
    "title": "Environ, Health & Sci in Japan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: HSTR 140D or HSTR 145D Investigates the complex relationship between the Japanese and the natural world, including the history of disease and medicine.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-445",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-445.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 446",
    "title": "Science and Medicine in China: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: HSTR 140D or HSTR 145D or consent of instructor An exploration of the transformations of medicine, technology, and natural knowledge in imperial and modern China.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 140D",
      "HSTR 145D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-446",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-446.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 462",
    "title": "Holocaust in Nazi Occupied Europe: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) HSTR 462 undertakes the important historical task of engaging with the Holocaust in memory and film. While the Holocaust was largely first imagined and engineered in 1930s Nazi Germany, it impacted most of Europe if not the world and continues to stand as a crucial warning against the horrors of Fascism and Genocide for societies today.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-462",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-462.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 467",
    "title": "History of Mountaineering: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Environmental history will form a major component of the course.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-467",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-467.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 468",
    "title": "From Empire to Republic: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course looks systematically at the transitions taking place from an imperial world to that of a post-imperial one. What are the qualities of empire, and how do they differ from those of a republic? What, if anything, can we learn today from imperial approaches to managing diverse populations?",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-468",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-468.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 469",
    "title": "Memoir & Biography in History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This class investigates the employment of memoir, biography, and documentary film as sources for the writing of history. Drawing upon a wide array of memoir, other biographical material, and secondary theoretical literature relating to the writing of biography and memoirs, this class helps students develop a set of critical tools for assessing personal narrative and its place within the research, writing, and teaching of history",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-469",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-469.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 474",
    "title": "Foundations of Public History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course introduces students to the world of non-academic historical careers such as in museums, archives, and historical parks. Students will learn the theory and practice of public history, historical interpretation for diverse audiences and agencies, and methodologies that support collaborative, creative historical approaches. Class combines readings and discussion, interaction with practicing professionals, and participation in public history projects",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-474",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-474.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 475",
    "title": "Public History Lab: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Learn about the intellectual and technical skills necessary for public history projects, then apply those skills to real-world projects in collaboration with professionals and community partners. Projects may include exhibit curation, oral history, archival preservation, cultural resources reporting, etc",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-475",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-475.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 476",
    "title": "Oral History: Theory and Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Examines the evolution of the field of oral history; explores its theory and best practices; discusses challenges relating to authorship, truth, and memory; and applies lessons to real-world projects in collaboration with community partners",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-476",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-476.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 482",
    "title": "Animal Histories: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": ". What is technology and how has it shaped the history of the United States and the broader globe? Does technology drive history? What are the sources of technological innovation and to what degree do humans guide and direct these? What is the relationship technology and nature? Between technology and power?",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-482",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-482.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 483",
    "title": "Africa: Colonial Through Modern Era: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course addresses the history of Africa beginning in the late fifteenth century through the period of high colonialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to the era of decolonization and its aftermath in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The course is designed to explore the themes of early Euro-African communities, Atlantic slavery, dominant tribal groupings and ethnicity, colonial economy, European conquest, indigenous resistance to European invasion, the European “Scramble,” African nationalism, gender, education, independence, post-colonial chaos, genocide, and the re-emergence of militant Islam",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HSTR 101IH",
      "HSTR 102IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/hstr/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-483",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/hstr-483.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000110",
    "code": "HSTR 484",
    "title": "World Environmental History: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
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    "code": "HVC 145",
    "title": "HVAC-R Welding, Brazing and Pipe Joining: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "HVC 145 introduces students to applied joining processes used in the HVAC-R field. The course combines lectures and labs to provide students with basic competency in brazing, soldering, welding, and additional joining and coupling processes found in modern HVAC-R systems.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 150",
    "title": "HVAC Installation and Sheet Metal Fabrication: 4 Credits (1 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "HVC 150 students will develop fundamental skills for fabricating and installing ductwork for forced air systems. Students will be introduced to and develop proficiency with specialty fabrication and installation tools while learning about the importance of proper duct design .",
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      "HVC 115"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 155",
    "title": "Blueprint Reading and Wiring Schematics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "HVC 155 students will learn how to interpret mechanical building plans and identify HVAC system requirements from an architectural drawing; create an accurate materials list and model house; draw pictorial and ladder wiring diagrams; and read a wiring schematic legend",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ELCT 100",
      "HVC 110"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 215",
    "title": "Central AC and Indoor Air Quality: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "HVC 215 covers the installation, maintenance and repair of common air-conditioning equipment and the significance of indoor air quality. Topics include equipment components, associated controls, and schematic diagrams. Indoor air quality instruction includes implications for building occupants and relevant products",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HVC 125",
      "HVC 130",
      "HVC 140"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 220",
    "title": "Gas-Fired Furnaces and Boilers: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers the troubleshooting, repair, maintenance, and installation of forced-air gas-fired heating equipment and residential hot-water-heating systems. Topics include common furnaces and boilers as well as components that are essential to their function, associated controls and specific schematic diagrams",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HVC 130",
      "HVC 140"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 240",
    "title": "HVAC Systems II: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Building upon HVC 140 , course topics will include air load distribution sizing, zoning, and interpreting charts and measurements for residential HVAC systems. Students will diagnose and troubleshoot electrical and mechanical systems in preparation for careers as HVAC service technicians",
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 255",
    "title": "Advanced Controls: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced Controls teaches final semester HVAC students the knowledge of installation practices and common applications of a variety of electronic and digital controls systems utilized in both residential and commercial HVAC heating, cooling and refrigeration systems",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ELCT 111",
      "HVC 155"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 260",
    "title": "Commercial Air Conditioning and Refrigeration: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course covers the identification, troubleshooting, repair, maintenance, and installation of commercial building air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Topics include components that are essential to their function as well as commercial workplace protocols and safety",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 265",
    "title": "Commercial Heating and Burners: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course covers the identification, troubleshooting, repair, maintenance, and installation of commercial heating equipment, make up air direct fired heater and exhaust systems, test and balance, large steam boilers, variable refrigerant flow, and variable air volume systems. Includes essential components and commercial workplace protocols/safety",
    "prerequisites": [
      "HVC 220"
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    "id": "gallatin-000113",
    "code": "HVC 270",
    "title": "Energy-Efficient HVAC Technologies and Renewable Energy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Energy-efficient HVAC and water heating systems powered by renewable energy are growing requirements for high-performance buildings. Students will use sustainability’s pillars: economics, environment, and society, to explore advanced technologies, applications, and associated benefits and challenges to prepare for competitive future leadership.",
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    "code": "HVC 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 19 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 101",
    "title": "Intro to Interior Design: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course introduces design as it relates to interior design, architecture and related professions, through the study of the elements and principles of design, tools of design and an exploration of the ways in which humans interact with designed environments. Students develop an appreciation for the responsibilities of the profession. (ARCH majors substitute ARCH 121).",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 110",
    "title": "Hist of Dsgn I Ancnt-1900: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course offers exposure to stylistic variations found in interior design of the ancient world, Asia and traditional Europe. Students will become aware of how these styles have been the impetus for pre-1900 architecture and decorative arts globally and specifically in America. Work will include sketchbooks, research, critically thinking through analyzing art and architecture (ARCH majors substitute ARCH 322/323).",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 111",
    "title": "Hist Dsgn II 1900-Contemp: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is a continuation of the study of the development of the interior environment, art and architecture from the 19th century to the present. The difference in the basic philosophy between 19th and 21st century design is emphasized, while recognizing the historical influences that are happening in today’s design. (ARCH majors substitute ARCH 322/323).",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 122",
    "title": "Textiles and Interior Finishes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course includes the study of textiles and interior finishes used by interior designers. Students will gain familiarity with a wide range of textile products used in both residential and commercial interiors including fiber content and yarn type, application and labeling, performance and maintenance. Material will also include study the range and application of wall, ceiling and floor finish materials commonly used in interior design and finally how to communicate these decisions with the design team .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 130"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 130",
    "title": "Interior Design Graphics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Interior Design Graphics provides interior design students with a basic knowledge of building structures, construction techniques, and building materials. It introduces the technical skills needed to read and to produce drawings used in the practice of interior design, including floor plans, interior elevations, reflected ceiling plans, and detail drawings. (ARCH majors substitute ARCH 151/152).",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 131",
    "title": "Presentation Drawing: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course presents the elements of two- and three-dimensional design as related to interior representational drawings. Emphasis is on one- and two-point perspective drawings and sketching. Addition of color to drawings by use of hand and digital methods is introduced. (ARCH majors substitute ARCH 261 /262).",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 135",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Space Planning: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course explores the physical and psychological concepts pertaining to the development of interior spaces. While in a studio setting; students learn a holistic approach while working with commercial design programs, schematic planning tools, commercial furniture, and universal design concepts to create functional space plans that meet program criteria. Students will explore space planning in relationship to plumbing and mechanical systems and be introduced to NKBA kitchen and bath space planning guidelines. The basic space planning skills and terminology learned are applicable to the NCIDQ exam",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 101",
      "ARCH 121IA",
      "IDSN 130",
      "ARCH 151RA"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 140",
    "title": "Product Resourcing: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is a field study of Interior Design from the perspective of working professionals. Students will travel to showrooms, workshops or offices to learn about products and the processes of design while meeting vendors and industry insiders to learn how they source products, create orders, and approve fabrication. This class is designed for Interior Design students only.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 150",
    "title": "Digital Technology Lab: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course reinforces basic digital drafting principles and commands through repetition and skill building in a lab setting. Students are required to bring their assignments and outside work to gain practice and competence in digital drafting. This is a collaborative studio environment where students will gain knowledge from shared experiences. Students will advance and apply digital skills through the production of course work assigned in other classes. Students will learn production tips and shortcuts from faculty. Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 193",
    "title": "Interior Design Study Abroad: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Given the need to understand the fundamentals of global learning and concepts of interior design as a foundation for the study of the fields of interior design and related design fields as measured by field tours, discussions, museum visits, written reflection paper, completion of sketching projects. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 225",
    "title": "Light/Color/Lighting Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Students will explore color theory, human response to color, and the properties of light and color and lighting systems will be examined by exploration of real-world commercial examples. The student will learn how to read plans and specify fixtures with consideration of lamps and light properties. They will demonstrate competency in color usage and lighting systems by designing projects that include reflected ceiling plans, lighting specifications and color theory",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 101",
      "IDSN 130"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 230",
    "title": "Interior Architecture CAD: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course teaches basic AutoCAD Architecture software and allows students to gain the skills needed to communicate graphically using an industry standard software. Basic computer drafting principles and user interface commands are presented as they relate to the interior environment. Students will complete a drawing set and turn in a final plot. Some intermediate concepts, including 3D visualization are covered. Students will learn blocks, fields, CAD tips and shortcuts, and also create their own templates. This class is for Interior Design program students only.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 232",
    "title": "Advanced Digital Graphics: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course teaches students step-by-step key techniques for working in Adobe Photoshop CC. The project-based weekly lessons show students the key techniques for creating professional quality digital works. Following hands-on in class projects, users will create logos, illustrations, posters, and more. This class is intended for students that are following an Interior Design program, Art or Graphics degree",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 101"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 240",
    "title": "Studio I Residential: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is a laboratory experience with real-life & hypothetical design projects. The focus of Studio I is primarily residential. Students will develop 2 or 3 complete presentations including but not limited to floor plans, interior elevations, interior perspectives, color board, room finish schedule, and a budget. Students will make oral presentations using the presentation boards to illustrate their design solutions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 131",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225",
      "DDSN 131",
      "IDSN 230"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 250",
    "title": "Studio II Commercial: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Studio II is an advanced laboratory class which focuses on commercial design projects, some for actual clients. Advanced space planning, utilization of appropriate codes and specification writing will be covered. Students will develop 2-3 complete presentations including but not limited to floor plans, interior elevations, interior perspectives, color boards, and specification schedules. Students will make oral presentations using the presentation boards and CAD drawings to illustrate their design solutions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 130",
      "IDSN 131",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225",
      "IDSN 230"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 255",
    "title": "Environmental Design Studio: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) As a research based class, students will explore the varies aspects of responsible environmental design including LEED, WELL Design, sustainable renovation and third party platforms. Working in a studio format, a large scale project will develop over the semester to provide hands-on experience with applying sustainable tactics to a design problem. Utilizing all skills developed throughout the program, this course expects student to think beyond the classroom with creativity and problem solving. Case study reviews and group research will take place to develop knowledge in the fast-moving facet of the design industry while practicing academic research and presentation skills",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 130",
      "IDSN 131",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225",
      "IDSN 230"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 266",
    "title": "Kitchen and Bath I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Interior Design Majors Only. Completion of all first year IDSN program courses with a C- or better. This course is curated to instill the fundamentals of kitchen and bath design Using the National Kitchen and Bath Association guidelines for drawing and presentation standards. Analysis of client needs, specifying products, creating design solutions, residential plumbing and mechanical systems, project drawing and documentation will also be covered. The course will utilize industry partnerships to engage students and provide professional development opportunities",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 131",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225",
      "DDSN 131",
      "IDSN 230"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 275",
    "title": "Professional Practices: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course is an introduction to business principles and practices related to the interior design profession. Topics include business procedures, methods of charging, and steps involved in business formation. Students will learn how the use of contracts and specifications work to achieve desired objectives, as well as marketing of professional services and promotion of the firm exist alongside the goals of the designer. A complete professional portfolio, resume and cover letter will be completed during the term",
    "prerequisites": [
      "IDSN 101",
      "IDSN 130",
      "DDSN 131",
      "CSTN 173",
      "IDSN 131",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/idsn/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000114",
    "code": "IDSN 298",
    "title": "Internship: 3-5 Credits (3-5 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "It provides monitored experience in dealing with clients, customers and other business persons. The student will encounter opportunities to utilize skills and knowledge acquired in previous interior design courses. The discussion and reporting component of this class will be managed online. Repeatable up to 5 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 118",
      "IDSN 131",
      "CSTN 173",
      "IDSN 135",
      "IDSN 225"
    ],
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    "code": "JPNS 340",
    "title": "Japanese Adv Reading & Grammar: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Review and further development of grammar and vocabulary skills necessary for improved reading proficiency in Japanese. Topics for study address Japanese culture and society through manga/cartoons, newspapers, magazines, correspondence, and short essays, with some translation and comparison with English",
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    "code": "JPNS 361IH",
    "title": "Japanese Text and Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Study of several fine Japanese films and the literary works upon which they were based. Emphasis is on the transformation of written text into image. All readings and discussions in English. No knowledge of Japanese necessary",
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "JPNS 393",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "JPNS 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Lec)",
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    "description": "Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Department of Modern Languages. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "JPNS 491",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Modern Languages Literatures. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "KIN 105",
    "title": "Foundations of Exercise Science: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The aim of this course is to integrate the subdisciplines of exercise science (nutrition, biomechanics, exercise physiology, motor control, and exercise psychology) from the perspectives of definitions, basic science with application to health, fitness, and athletic performance.",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "KIN 210",
    "title": "Principles of Strength and Conditioning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction to the knowledge and skills necessary for the planning, implementation and evaluation of goal-oriented exercise training.",
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    "code": "KIN 221",
    "title": "Health Anatomy & Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will focus on the key elements of anatomy and physiology necessary for students in allied health professions, specifically those who will work the areas of community health, health enhancement education, health promotion, and kinesiology. The aim of this course is for students to demonstrate working knowledge of the muscular, skeletal, nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory, endocrine, and digestive systems, as well as body metabolism.",
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      "gallatin-000211"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 320",
    "title": "Exercise Physiology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Topics include factors and mechanisms involved with causing changes and adaptations in the physiological responses to training and participating in strength and endurance sports and activities. Lectures and labs emphasize explaining common observations and practices from the physiological view point .",
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      "gallatin-000211",
      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "KIN 322",
    "title": "Kinesiology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Emphasis on the effects of joint structures and muscles on movement of the upper extremity, lower extremity, and spine while providing an introduction to the principles of biomechanics",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "BIOH 366"
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    "code": "KIN 325R",
    "title": "Biomechanics: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course emphasizes the effects of structure, motion, forces, and their effects on and within the human body using both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Additional emphasis will be placed on the development of critical thinking skills associated with biomechanics-related research and interpretation .",
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      "PHSX 205"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 330",
    "title": "Motor Learning and Control: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "BIOH 365",
      "BIOH 366"
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      "gallatin-000211"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 335",
    "title": "Tissue Injury & Adaptation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The aim of the course is to enhance students' understanding of muscle and connective tissue physiology through topics on injury, rehabilitation, and evidenced-based interventions. Students will explore injury-acute and overuse while describing the injury and repair process. Other topics will include pain theory and the physiology of wound healing",
    "prerequisites": [
      "KIN 221",
      "BIOH 365",
      "BIOH 366"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 370",
    "title": "Exercise Program for Older Adults: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Students will examine factors associated with physical activity, exercise testing and screening protocols specific to the physiological and health needs of older adults. Students will assess, integrate and differentiate between exercising testing and screening protocols specific to providing exercise programming to older adults.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 410",
    "title": "Advanced Strength Training and Conditioning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Emphasizes the use of critical thinking skills for exercise development and progressions based on fundamental principles from kinesiology, biomechanics, exercise physiology, motor control, and motor learning. Preparation to obtain the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) certification, and practical application of this material to the areas of personal training, physical therapy, health enhancement teaching, and exercise physiology is emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [
      "KIN 320"
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      "gallatin-000211"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 415",
    "title": "Advanced Exercise Testing and Prescription: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Senior capstone course. Students are familiarized with the hands-on training and theoretical background needed to competently assess levels of health/fitness in a \"low-risk\" healthy adult population. Lecture/lab content is structured to prepare students for taking the ACSM certified Exercise Physiologist certification exam",
    "prerequisites": [
      "KIN 320",
      "STAT 216Q"
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 430",
    "title": "Physical Fitness Program Design and Delivery: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course focuses on the development, organization, and implementation/ administration of physical fitness programs. Includes extensive field experience",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 435",
    "title": "Advanced Motor Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course builds on base knowledge of the human neuromotor system and the control of movement developed in earlier courses. Students will develop an advanced understanding of the key issues in motor control including the degrees of freedom problem and abundance, the the perceptual-motor integration problem, the serial order problem and the skill acquisition problem. Students will build advanced knowledge of theoretical concepts by reviewing the cognitive processing model and contrasting this perspective with dynamical systems theory. These fundamental concepts of motor control will be applied to understand skilled motor performance across a range of applications",
    "prerequisites": [
      "KIN 330"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 440R",
    "title": "Sport Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) The aim of this course is to provide an overview of principles associated with individual behavior and team dynamics in sport and exercise including performance. An interdisciplinary approach will be used to build knowledge through a review of sport and exercise performance factors to include theories and principles, personality, motivation, goal-setting, social dynamics, and overall wellbeing. This course includes the application of research and theory as it relates to sport and exercise.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000211"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-440r",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 496",
    "title": "Student Assistant Practicum in Kinesiology: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course aims to enhance students’ knowledge, verbal communication, and leadership skills by providing educational support to students in various KIN rubric lecture or lab courses. Under the direct supervision of the faculty instructor, students will attend weekly prepatory meetings to review course content and best teaching practices while working towards their own personal goals Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 498",
    "title": "Internship: 1-12 Credits (1-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment with a professional agency to provide a guided field experience Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-498",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 506",
    "title": "Exercise and Chronic Disease: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course will review the implications of exercise for individuals managing chronic conditions throughout the lifespan. Selected chronic diseases will be studied including basic pathophysiology, management, medication, and effects on the exercise response. Research associated with selected chronic conditions will be reviewed",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 515",
    "title": "Exercise Performance and Nutrition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Offered every other Fall, odd years. Knowledge in areas of anatomy and physiology, upper division courses in one or combination of: exercise physiology, biochemistry, or nutrition. This class covers selected topics in exercise physiology, nutrition, and metabolism related to physiological function and performance. The use of nutritional supplements during exercise and the environmental influences on physiological function and metabolism will be addressed",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 525",
    "title": "Neuromechanics of Human Movement: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Offered every other Fall, even years. Students will study the concepts, terms, and methods of investigating biomechanics, neuroscience/neuromechanics, motor control, and movement disorders in the human movement system",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-525",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-525.md"
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    "code": "KIN 535",
    "title": "Advanced Motor Control: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Students will develop an advanced understanding of the key issues in motor control including the degrees of freedom problem and abundance, the the perceptual-motor integration problem, the serial order problem and the skill acquisition problem. Students will build advanced knowledge of theoretical concepts by reviewing the cognitive processing model and contrasting this perspective with dynamical systems theory. These fundamental concepts of motor control will be applied to understand skilled motor performance across a range of applications",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-535",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-535.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 545",
    "title": "Graduate Exercise Physiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course defines and explains a conceptual mechanistic-driven model that explains the basis for maximizing human performance. The instructor relies heavily on readings from the current research literature and student participation to understand the plethora of topics covered",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-545",
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper and Project: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-575.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled. May be repeated Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-588",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-588.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Majors in EXNS-MS only. This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed graduate research/creative activity. May be repeated Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000118",
    "code": "KIN 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/kin/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/kin-592.md"
  },
  {
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    "code": "KIN 594",
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    "title": "The Bible as Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LIT 285D",
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    "code": "LIT 291",
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    "code": "LIT 292",
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    "title": "Literary Criticism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Historical survey of principles, problems, and strategies of literary criticism",
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    "code": "LIT 310",
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    "code": "LIT 320",
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    "code": "LIT 321",
    "title": "Advanced British Literature II (Formerly LIT 325): 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "LIT 322",
    "title": "Advanced British Literature III (Formerly LIT 326): 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Intensive studies in selected British literary works from the early nineteenth century to the present, with attention to historical and cultural context",
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    "code": "LIT 335",
    "title": "Women and Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "LIT 343",
    "title": "African American Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Selected works by African-American authors. Course may define a narrowed focus such as poetry, women writers, etc",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "LIT 343D",
    "title": "African American Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Selected works by African-American authors. Course may define a narrowed focus such as poetry, women writers, etc",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000121",
    "code": "LIT 382",
    "title": "Literature for Children and Adolescents: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Offered Fall, even years. Studies in selected literary works for children and young adults. The course may focus on genres, authors, themes, and/or critical approaches",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/lit/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/lit-382",
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    "code": "LIT 431RH",
    "title": "Studies in Major Author/s: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Intensive study in the works, biography, and criticism of a particular author Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "title": "Studies in Literary Genres: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Offered Fall, even years. Intensive study of a single genre, such as the epic, novel, poem, dream vision, hypertext, or the idea of \"genre\" itself. Selection and approach will vary with each offering Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "title": "Studies in Literary Topics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LIT 440",
    "title": "Studies in World Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Offered Spring, odd years. Selected literary works in translation from non-English cultures and/or from English speaking cultures outside the United States and Britain",
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    "code": "LIT 473RH",
    "title": "Studies in Shakespeare: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Studies in selected Shakespearean works, drawn from tragedies, comedies, histories, romances, and poetry. Development of Shakespeare's philosophy, poetics, and dramaturgy in the context of the Renaissance",
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    "code": "LIT 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "LIT 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "Independent study of literature. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "LIT 494RH",
    "title": "Seminar: Research Issues: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Consent of instructor. Senior capstone course for literature majors. Integration and assessment of students' cumulative experiences as English literature majors through specific seminar-style research issues which vary with each offering. Restricted entry",
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    "code": "LRES 501",
    "title": "Writing and Professional Development for Environmental Scientists: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "description": "Foundational skills for writing scientific manuscripts, grant proposals, and thesis chapters with a focus on career development in the environmental sciences",
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    "code": "LRES 507",
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    "code": "LRES 511",
    "title": "Environmental Data Mgmt: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "Foundational skills for wrangling and management of natural sciences data sets using the R statistical computing environment. Students develop a deep understanding of the inner workings of R, learn skills for data import, tidying, and restructuring to prepare data for statistical analysis, and techniques for integrating R with databases to facilitate management, analysis, and archival of large, complex and cumbersome data sets",
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    "code": "LRES 515",
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    "code": "LRES 521",
    "title": "Holistic Thought & Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LRES 525",
    "title": "Applied Remote Sensing: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "LRES 528",
    "title": "Bridging Priciples & Practices of Sustainable Cropping Systems: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "code": "LRES 529",
    "title": "Cropping Systems and Sustainable Ag: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "The course goal is to elevate agricultural students' awareness of peer-reviewed literature that demonstrates application of principles to address issues of sustainability in agriculture. The course will use a student-lead discussion format to highlight issues and principles in review of a series of papers that the class will read, will focus on the interaction among agronomy, ecology, economics, and sociology to create an awareness of the interdisciplinary issues associated with sustainability in agriculture. Topical issues associated with climate change impacts, system resilience and thresholds and ways to understand complex interactions will be considered for discussion. Co-convened with AGSC 428",
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      "AGSC 342",
      "AGSC 428"
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    "code": "LRES 530",
    "title": "Natural Resource Law: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course examines major natural resources laws, emphasizing the federal model. A modified case study approach is used to review legislation and related court cases governing natural resources, including water, minerals, timber, range, wildlife, recreation, and wilderness. Co-convened with NRSM 430 .",
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    "code": "LRES 531",
    "title": "Applied Watershed Hydrology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "GEO 103CS",
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    "code": "LRES 532",
    "title": "Soil Ecosystems and Processes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LRES 533",
    "title": "Wetland Ecology & Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class will examine wetland ecology and the management of resources. Students will study hydrological and geomorphic processes at watershed and site scales, how processes drive wetland hydrology and hydric soil development and maintenance, and the interaction with biological systems.",
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    "code": "LRES 534",
    "title": "Environmental Data Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Modern sciences are data-driven and this course focuses on making sense of data, both quantitatively and conceptually. Topics include a review of relevant algebra skills, methods to describe data, inferential statistical methods, sampling, experimental design, & regression focusing on interpretation",
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    "code": "LRES 535",
    "title": "Techniques of Spatial Analysis: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Exploration and understanding of analytical techniques needed to deal with spatially correlated data. Emphasis is placed on practical applications within geographic information systems and image processing",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "LRES 525",
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    "code": "LRES 536",
    "title": "Ecology of Invasive Plants II: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "In addition they will learn how to apply the conclusions drawn from the analysis to invasive species management decisions.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 538",
    "title": "Plant Community Ecology of the Northern Rocky Mountains: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course teaches core concepts and skills in plant community ecology. Students will collect data to analyze and describe how environmental gradients and ecological processes influence the distribution, composition, and structure of forest plant communities in the Northern Rocky Mountains.",
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    "code": "LRES 539",
    "title": "Ecological Restoration and Management: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This class combines readings, ﬁeld measurements and site visits to examine scientiﬁc, legal and management components that deﬁne the practice of restoration. Fundamentals are based on foundational science and practical elements that aﬀect the implementation of restoration projects",
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    "code": "LRES 540",
    "title": "Ecology Plants & Community: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course will explore plant ecology at the individual, population and community levels. Topics include plant response to stress, population biology, and community assembly, and possibly non-native species and restoration. Quantitative measures for assessing populations and communities will be addressed",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "LRES 543",
    "title": "Agroecology/Appl Plant Ecology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Measuring plant interference and assessing population interactions and dynamics through empirical and theoretical models. Review theory and methodology concerning plant population demographics, dispersal , and natural trait selection. Examine the role of biodiversity and evolution in determining sustainable management of ecosystems",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "LRES 544",
    "title": "Water Quality: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LRES 545",
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      "STAT 216",
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    "code": "LRES 546",
    "title": "Quant Methods Environmental: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course will focus on development of quantitative analysis and modeling skills in watershed and environmental science. Students will develop skills necessary to describe and evaluate model structure, including their inner workings, and evaluate the merit of different models of varying type and complexity",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "LRES 545"
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    "code": "LRES 555",
    "title": "Aqueous Geochemistry: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "CHMY 228",
      "ENSC 245"
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    "code": "LRES 556",
    "title": "Earth's Critical Zone: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Earth’s Critical Zone (CZ) is an open system extending from the top of vegetation to the base of groundwater where soil, water, air, and living organisms interact. This course introduces the CZ within the context of current research frontiers.",
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    "code": "LRES 557",
    "title": "Thermal Biology in YNP: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course surveys the ecology of key organisms in Yellowstone's thermal habitats, covering prokaryotes and eukaryotes, their metabolism, and the physical and chemical environments. It includes lectures, labs, fieldwork, and curriculum design for K-12 students.",
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    "code": "LRES 558",
    "title": "Isotope Biogeochemistry: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Fundamentals and applications of isotope systems useful in the environmental sciences, including light elements such as carbon, mid-mass elements such as iron, and heavy elements such as uranium. Measurement techniques will be discussed, and application to student inspired questions explored",
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    "code": "LRES 561",
    "title": "Belowground Plant Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Application of basic ecological principles to belowground interactions of plant communities. Topics include plant competition, belowground herbivory, plant-microbe interactions including mycorrhizae, and diversity/productivity links in soil systems. Case studies will include invasive species, restoration scenarios, sustainable agriculture, and wildland communities",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 401",
      "BIOE 370",
      "BIOO 433"
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    "code": "LRES 562",
    "title": "Land Rehab Field Problem: 2 Credits (4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Extended field trip to numerous drastically disturbed sites across the Northern Plains. On-site review of land rehabilitation problems, solutions, and methodologies. Participation by industry, regulatory agency staff, and rehabilitation professionals will occur at most sites",
    "prerequisites": [
      "ENSC 460",
      "ENSC 461"
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    "code": "LRES 563",
    "title": "Restoration Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Review of ecosystem structure and function, and community and population processes in intact systems, along with the effects of major disturbances on natural systems. Restoration amendments will be discussed in terms of their effects on ecosystem structure and function. The course includes case studies, and focuses on plant and soil systems. Co-convened with ENSC 461",
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    "code": "LRES 564",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Environmental Monitoring: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Provides a graduate level perspective on field measurement methodology in environmental science. Foci are electronic transducers, data loggers, and programmatic approaches to measurement and uncertainty analysis. Incoming students are expected to have a quantitative undergraduate degree related to environmental science.",
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    "code": "LRES 565",
    "title": "Environmental Biophysics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "The study of physical relationships between organisms, ecosystems, and their environment. Basic principles of Micrometeorology, Biometeorology, Ecological Climatology, and Biophysical Ecology as applied to contemporary ecological challenges. Laboratory sessions will focus on computer exercises using ecosystem models and field observations. Co-convened with ENSC 465",
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    "code": "LRES 566",
    "title": "Chemical Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "How organismal interactions are shaped through plant secondary metabolites emphasizing the impacts on ecosystems across multiple scales and in response to a rapidly changing climate. This course combines lectures with student led discussions on contemporary issues and developments in the field and is also designed to improve critical readings of the primary literature and effective communication in science. Co-convened with ENSC 466 .",
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    "code": "LRES 567",
    "title": "Biogeochem Analy Synthesis: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course is meant to serve as an introduction to the study of biogeochemical dynamics from an Earth-systems perspective. The course will consist mostly of readings from primary literature and student-lead discussion. We will choose a problem/question, work together to survey relevant literature through a meta-analysis, and strive to produce a manuscript for publication.",
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    "code": "LRES 568",
    "title": "Ecosystem Biogeochemistry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Introduction to the study of biogeochemistry and ecosystem dynamics from an Earth-systems perspective. Discussion will emphasize factors governing the \"grand elemental cycles\" of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous of Earth's major ecosystems and how modern human activities are affecting these cycles. Co-convened with ENSC 468 .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 569",
    "title": "Ecol of Invasive Plants in GYE: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Current theories on what makes species invasive and what ecosystem conditions invite or resist non-indigenous plant species will be considered. Direct involvement in field research associated with testing methodology for monitoring the invasive potential of several exotic species in the otherwise pristine mountain environments. Offered Summer.",
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    "code": "LRES 571",
    "title": "Landscape & Ecosys Ecology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will explore factors that shape landscape patterns in space and time and consequences for ecosystem processes. The course explores the methods and tools of landscape and ecosystem analysis. -Department of Land Resources Environmental Sciences.",
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    "code": "LRES 572",
    "title": "Frontiers in Remote Sensing: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "This course focuses on the emerging trends, technologies, and applications in remote sensing. Each time the course is taught, it will focus on a novel aspect of remote sensing science. Potential topics include UAS, lidar, radar, newly deployed satellites/sensors, and emerging scientific applications in remote sensing. Students who have a background and/or interest in remote sensing applications will be exposed to cutting-edge science, technologies and applications which will broaden their exposure to this rapidly developing field",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "LRES 525"
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    "code": "LRES 573",
    "title": "Remote Sensing Env Sci: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course focuses on understanding the basics of remote sensing science geared towards critical interpretation of the applications of remote sensing in environmental science. In addition, students will be exposed to hands-on exercises in basic digital image processing and analysis",
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    "code": "LRES 575",
    "title": "Prof Paper & Project: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "description": "The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student, the major advisor, and graduate committee",
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    "code": "LRES 582",
    "title": "Streamside Science for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) This course aims to enhance students’ water resource knowledge through hands-on, field-based learning. Secondary science teachers will gain practical skills in water quality monitoring, linking curriculum standards to environmental issues for integration into secondary science teaching using distance learning technologies.",
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    "code": "LRES 583",
    "title": "The Dirt on Soil Science for Elementary Teachers: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Offered Spring of odd years. This course is for those who want to understand and teach the science of “dirt” in an interactive, hands-on manner so that it engages students. The focus of instruction will be on basic soil physical properties and processes with the idea that soil science is merely the “platform” for introducing elementary graders to science. Teachers completing this course will engage in “hands on” active learning with techniques immediately transferable to the classroom. Offered odd Spring semesters.",
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    "code": "LRES 584",
    "title": "Principles of Soil Science for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This course immerses teachers in soil science fundamentals, emphasizing soil formation, properties, and environmental significance. It models inquiry-based, interdisciplinary strategies for integrating soil science into the K-12 curricula. Participants develop classroom activities that incorporate math, language arts, and other topics.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 585",
    "title": "Water Quality in the Classroom for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Spring, even years.) Water Quality in the Classroom for Teachers - is a 'must' course for teachers involved in any aspect of biological sciences. The course has three central foci: 1) to increase student knowledge and assessment skills about the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of water quality investigations, 2) to develop and implement new pedagogy for teaching water quality concepts in the secondary school science classroom, and 3) increase student awareness and understanding of some of the more significant global water quality issues that will face science teachers and their students in the 21st century. Offered even Spring semesters.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 586",
    "title": "Lake Ecology for Teachers: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This course covers the physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate lake systems. Course topics include the origin of lakes, the ecology of aquatic organisms with a focus on secondary production, food webs, and environmental issues such as climate change.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled",
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    "code": "LRES 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their coursework (and thesis, if on a thesis plan), but who need additional faculty or staff time or help",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (4 Lec, 4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 593",
    "title": "Grand Challenges in Ecology and Environmental Sciences: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Foundational course designed as a requirement for all incoming Ecology and Environmental Science (EES) PhD students. The course will have three focal areas including: 1) graduate student professional development, 2) grand challenges in Ecology and Environmental Science, and 3) a field trip to a Montana ecosystem (e.g. Greater Yellowstone, Central Prairie or Crown of the Continent Ecosystem) to immerse the students in observation and discussion of grand challenges associated with these ecosystems. Virtual 1-hour long check-in and three-day field trip required.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Students prepare, present, and critique scientific presentations Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "LRES 598",
    "title": "Internship: 2-4 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in a field of study Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000122",
    "code": "LRES 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "LS 101US",
    "title": "Interdisciplinary Ways of Knowing: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to the processes of academic inquiry through examination of topics in disciplines encompassed by the Fine Arts, Humanities, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 102",
    "title": "Intro Liberal Studies: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to the history and philosophy of liberal education and a review of the Fine Arts, Humanities, Social and Natural Science disciplines. The LS degree components and options will be explained, as will career opportunities",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 103",
    "title": "Gateway to Sustainability: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course introduces students to the historical and philosophical background of sustainability, while acquainting them with the economic, scientific, and regulatory environments within which conversations about sustainability occur. It arms students with the theoretical, methodological, and political tools to begin envisioning a sustainable future for Earth’s inhabitants.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 104CS",
    "title": "Introduction to Global Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will introduce the core concepts, principles and functions of global health. It will provide an overview of health determinants, methods for measuring population health and trends in global health and disease. The course will examine how sociocultural, educational, nutritional, environmental, economic and political factors influence the global patterns of disease and health inequities – including both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Finally, the course will discuss key actors working together to improve global health, and career areas in this field. All majors welcome, no pre-requisites.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 1-4 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 194D",
    "title": "Introduction to Africana Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction to the study of Africa and the African diaspora. Students will learn the basic concepts and literatures of Africana studies from forced migration to resettlement in new homelands.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites are determined depending on content of each offering. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 301",
    "title": "Integrative Seminar: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The integration of knowledge, theories, and concepts across different disciplines in the Fine Arts, Humanities, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
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    "program_ids": [
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 305",
    "title": "Ways of Seeing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will provide students with the knowledge and the perspectives of different disciplines involved in experiencing, contextualizing, and contemplating works of art. Students will analyze and discuss the theories of aesthetics and ways of seeing in order to grasp the important role the visual arts have in the global society.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 335IH",
    "title": "Food, War, and Migration: Eating Across Cultures in an Age of Turmoil: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Food, War, and Migration: Eating Across Cultures in an Age of Turmoil explores the ways that humans use food to bring stability and connection in the midst of cultural trauma. A fully online course, LS 335 examines human movement around the globe and across time and documents the compelling culinary drama of evolving food cultures. Interdisciplinary in nature, the class covers a panoply of topics from national identity to ecoscapes, from flavor profiles to ancient methods of food preservation",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "HSTA 101IH",
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      "LS 335"
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 350",
    "title": "Literature Reviews: Theory & Practice: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covers advanced literature research methodologies and prepares students for reading and creating literature reviews for their capstones, senior projects, and other in-depth research endeavors",
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    "code": "LS 391",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 398",
    "title": "Internship: Supervised Professional Experience with Faculty Mentor: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "LS 402",
    "title": "From the Closet to the Courts: Contraception Through the Ages: 3 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Attempts to control fertility date back to the dawn of human civilization. This class looks at the history of contraception, examines the social and cultural factors underlying changes in reproductive technologies, and charts the visual expression of fertility through art",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101",
      "AMST 101",
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    "code": "LS 411",
    "title": "Sustainable Cities: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 450",
    "title": "Evolution and Public Opinion: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "LS 451",
    "title": "Film, Photos, and Culture: A Global Perspective: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed to improve student’s intercultural competence – the ability to work effectively with cultural difference. Films, television, TEDs and photos are used to identify and analyze the differing dimensions of global culture, and to learn various methods of adaptation.",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "LS 452",
    "title": "This is Your Brain on Art and Music: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will also discuss the neurological effects as well as the emotional effects that art and music have on human beings. In addition to this, it will also discuss the alleged healing properties of art and music (i.e. music therapy, art therapy).",
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    "code": "LS 460",
    "title": "Teaching Internship: 2 Credits (2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "As co-facilitators of a section of LS 101US , students will acquire and have the opportunity to practice classroom teaching strategies and mentoring skills Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "LS 491",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "LS 492",
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    "id": "gallatin-000123",
    "code": "LS 499R",
    "title": "Senior Capstone: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Liberal Studies majors will engage in interdisciplinary research and writing methods, using appropriate bibliographical tools and in light of contemporary fields such as environmental studies, global multicultural studies or traditional liberal arts .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000124",
    "code": "LSCI 111",
    "title": "Informatics: The Human Side of Information: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Informatics as an area of study focusing on the human side of information. In this course, students will learn how and why to place people at the center of the information life cycle. This introductory course provides a foundation for Informatics by surveying the landscape of the field, covering topics that include digital literacies, databases and structured data, information ethics, social media, user experience and service design, and curiosity and mindfulness. Across these areas, students will examine the social impacts of information technologies through readings, small-group discussions, and hands-on activities based on real-world scenarios. Informatics is complementary with many majors.",
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    "code": "LSCI 121",
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    "code": "LSCI 151",
    "title": "Algorithmic Awareness: Media Literacy in the Age of Algorithms: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course explores how our technological experiences are increasingly mediated by algorithms - the code and computational processes embedded into our software. Recent work by scholars, such as Dr. Safiya Umoja Noble, have shown how algorithms exhibit implicit biases and reify societal prejudices. Moreover, the technical nature of algorithms and the lack of transparency surrounding them can be a challenge for novices. We routinely engage in systems that predict, recommend, and speculate about our interests based on the digital fingerprint we provide with our link clicks and “likes”, but we all struggle understanding how and why those systems work as",
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    "code": "LSCI 235",
    "title": "Service Design: A Human-Centered Framework for Empathy and Innovation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This interactive course explores real-world applications of human-centered design for information services. Students will learn the theory and practice of human-centered service design, and apply this participatory, values-based, creative-thinking framework to address social challenges and solve real problems found in the information environments of different disciplines. Students will learn a variety of design methods for innovating new services through a three-stage design process. Ideally suited for students interested in working in people-focused, community-based, and creative pursuits. Students will engage within and across these disciplines through in-class discussion and hands-on action research and design",
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    "code": "LSCI 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "code": "LSCI 291",
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    "code": "LSCI 316",
    "title": "Bus Info Research Skills: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focuses on both the concepts and skills needed to conduct research in various areas of business. Provides individuals with an understanding of the research process and the skills by which they can successfully find business related information for research, presentations, class assignments and personal use",
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    "description": "This course is designed to introduce students to the tenets of metaliterary and empower them to be reflective and informed producers of information both individually and in collaboration with others. Metaliteracy promotes critical thinking and collaboration in a digital age, providing a comprehensive framework to effectively participate in social media and online communities. This course will help students attain the knowledge, actions, acknowledgement of emotions, and reflective practices critical to metaliterate individuals and to acknowledge the need for lifelong learning, given the constantly and rapidly evolving information landscape",
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    "code": "LSCI 342",
    "title": "Data Curation for a Data-Driven World: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Data curation is the active and ongoing management of data throughout its lifecycle, in order to help us find, retrieve, understand, and use data, thus enhancing its value in our data-driven world. This course uses hands-on activities to teach strategies for active curation and management of data. We’ll cover a broad range of practical and theoretical issues in the emerging field of data curation, examining ideas related to research lifecycles, workflows, metadata, data preservation, and data ethics",
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      "LSCI 111"
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    "code": "LSCI 391",
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    "code": "LSCI 400CS",
    "title": "Truth and Reason: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This class explores methods of information sharing, examining lies, bias, fallacies, and other forms of misinformation. Students will be equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate an information-rich landscape, to become discerning, critical consumers and creators of information",
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    "id": "gallatin-000124",
    "code": "LSCI 410",
    "title": "Data Modeling and Databases for Cultural Heritage and Non-Profits: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will introduce the basics of structured data and databases for data management in libraries, archives, museums, and non-profit organizations. You will learn about metadata, data modeling, query languages, building database applications, and large scale data tagging (search engine optimization and social media optimization). By the end of the course, you will understand much about how the real-world metadata and databases that touch our daily lives are designed, built, and maintained",
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    "code": "LSCI 420",
    "title": "International Angling and Fisheries Research: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This class will enhance and develop research skills through the archives as well as hands on cultural, environmental conservation, and fishing experiences, learning from experts and in the field practices. This includes local and international experts including international travel experience Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "LSCI 437",
    "title": "Social Media Practices: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "LSCI 470",
    "title": "Data Ethics and Privacy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) In this discussion-based course, students will critique information production and consumption behavior across contexts, ranging from information shared on social media to government surveillance. Students will learn ethical theory and practice from an interdisciplinary perspective through case study analysis.",
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    "code": "LSCI 490R",
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    "code": "LSCI 491",
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    "code": "LSCI 496",
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    "code": "LSCI 498",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "LSCI 591",
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    "code": "MART 122",
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    "code": "MB 540",
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    "code": "MB 547",
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    "code": "MBEH 294",
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    "description": "(Not planning to offer at this time but would like to retain course number) Introduction to educational, internship and career opportunities in the environmental health track in LRES, e.g. environmental public health, occupational safety and health, food service management, the water sector, epidemiology and research. Students will gain knowledge, skills and certifications which will increase their preparation and competitiveness for research and environmental health internships and jobs, by completing in-person trainings, e.g. in biosafety, chemical safety, respiratory protection, hearing protection and food safety. Field trip(s) included, with transportation provided.",
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    "code": "MBEH 490R",
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    "code": "MBEH 492",
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    "code": "MBEH 495",
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    "code": "MBEH 498",
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    "code": "MBSP 561",
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    "description": "Each Molecular Biosciences Program graduate student will complete three laboratory rotations during their first year of graduate study. Each Laboratory Rotation provides students with a six-week period of active research experimentation time. Each Laboratory Rotation is a mini-research project and is designed to allow the student to explore a potential avenue of research for their thesis/dissertation research project in Years 2 and beyond. Students should become familiar with the relevant literature, concepts, methods, reagents, and instruments that will be needed to conduct their experiments and achieve the goals of their research projects. Extensive bench research time will be required to obtain meaningful results. Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
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    "code": "MBSP 562",
    "title": "Molec Biosci Lab Rotation II: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "description": "Each Molecular Biosciences Program graduate student will complete three laboratory rotations during their first year of graduate study. Each Laboratory Rotation provides students with a six-week period of active research experimentation time. Each Laboratory Rotation is a mini-research project and is designed to allow the student to explore a potential avenue of research for their thesis/dissertation research project in Years 2 and beyond. Students should become familiar with the relevant literature, concepts, methods, reagents, and instruments that will be needed to conduct their experiments and achieve the goals of their research project. Extensive bench research time will be required to obtain meaningful results. Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
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    "code": "MBSP 563",
    "title": "Molec Biosci Lab Rotation III: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "description": "Each Molecular Biosciences Program graduate student will complete three laboratory rotations during their first year of graduate study. Each Laboratory Rotation is a mini-research project and is designed to allow the student to explore a potential avenue of research for their thesis/dissertation research project in Years 2 and beyond. Students should become familiar with the relevant literature, concepts, methods, reagents, and instruments that will be needed to conduct their experiments and achieve the goals of their research project. Extensive bench research time will be required to obtain meaningful results. Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
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    "code": "MBSP 564",
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    "description": "ach Molecular Biosciences Program graduate student will complete three laboratory rotations during their first year of graduate study. Each Laboratory Rotation is a mini-research project and is designed to allow the student to explore a potential avenue of research for their thesis/dissertation research project in Years 2 and beyond. Students should become familiar with the relevant literature, concepts, methods, reagents, and instruments that will be needed to conduct their experiments and achieve the goals of their research project. Extensive bench research time will be required to obtain meaningful results. Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
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    "code": "MBSP 575",
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    "description": "This course will fulfill the research requirement of the first year Molecular Biosciences Program (MBSP) doctoral fellows. The fellow (students) will work on a research project under the direction of their advisor.",
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    "code": "MBSP 579",
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    "description": "The purpose of this course is to provide students with all the knowledge needed to design and then write (or program) data analysis toolkits on their computer. Programming is needed to process vast amount of information by filtering, correlating, aggregating it, tremendously speeding up analyses. Graduate Studies Department",
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    "code": "MBSP 591",
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    "code": "MBSP 594",
    "title": "Molecular Biosc Prgrm Sem: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "This course will fulfill the seminar requirement of the first year Molecular Biosciences Program (MBSP) doctoral fellows. The fellows (students) will attend three seminars sponsored by the MBSP focused on molecular biosciences research. Students will also attend twelve additional departmental or research center-based seminars from the participating MBSP centers and departments. Each student will write a summary of the fifteen attended seminars and turn it into the instructor by the last day.",
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    "code": "MBSP 613",
    "title": "Scientific Proposal Writing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Research scientists and engineers in today's highly competitive world need to develop and acquire research proposal writing skills and knowledge as part of their training for a successful career. The goal of this course is to provide doctoral students with strategies, practical skills and experience in seeking funding for their research as well as writing and evaluating scientific proposals. The student will leave this course with a research proposal that is ready to submit for funding",
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    "code": "MCH 103",
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    "code": "MCH 104",
    "title": "Introduction to Computer Aided Manufacturing Level II: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "code": "MCH 105",
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    "description": "(Sp) Exposure to CNC is a basic introduction to CNC machines and their use. The students will gain an understanding of CNC machine operation, setup and programming through hands on activities in a modern CNC Machining Lab. Class emphasis will be on CNC machine implications for design for manufacturing and operational safety.",
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    "code": "MCH 109",
    "title": "Mathematics for CNC Machining: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "MCH 109 is a technical mathematics course taught in the context of CNC Machining with a focus on real world problems encountered by machinists and manufacturing shop management.",
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    "code": "MCH 120",
    "title": "Blueprint Reading: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a face to face course introducing the fundamental concepts necessary to interpret drawings and produce sketches for machine tool applications as applied to CNC Machining. Topics include advanced sectioning, geometric dimensioning, geometric tolerance, assembly and drawing.",
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    "code": "MCH 122",
    "title": "Introduction to CAM: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "MCH 130",
    "title": "Machine Shop: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "he content covers a broad range of manual and CNC machining with the emphasis on shop and work area safety. The course will include an introduction to measurment and materials. Job planning, bench work and layout will be presented.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-130",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-130.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 160",
    "title": "Machine Shop Level 1: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Machine Shop 1 introduces students to the common shop equipment used in the modern machining and manufacturing. Through a combination of lectures and practical lab exercises, the student will utilize common and essential machine shop tools and develop safe and correct practices thru proper use. During this class students will be trained in basic operation of metal lathes, Milling machines, pedestal/bench grinders, saws, and drill press. This course is also an introduction to measurement, materials, job planning, bench work and precision layout.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 220",
    "title": "Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Metrology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Open to all Gallatin College students, except AA and AS students. This course is designed to introduce students to the principles of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing related to the machining industry. The theory principles will be enforced through exercises in the CNC lab. Students will also be introduced to a CMM.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-220.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 230",
    "title": "Tooling and Work Holding for CNC: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MCH 230 , Tooling and Fixturing is a course designed to introduce students to the wide variety and complexity of work holding and tooling available for CNC Machining. This class will discuss tool design/shape and its effects on machining. Work holding and its effect on part density, repeatability and rigidity will also be discussed.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 231",
    "title": "CNC Turning Operations Level I: 3 Credits (6 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is an introduction to CNC Turning Centers and the safe operation of common operating procedures, set-up and maintenance and control panel. The student will become acquainted with the ways in which various companies utilize CNC machine tools.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-231",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-231.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 232",
    "title": "CNC Lathe Operation Level II: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MCH 232 , CNC Lathe Operation Level II, reinforces student’s understanding of CNC Lathe operation and programming developed in MCH 231 . Concepts to be covered include program planning (setup sheets, tool setup, offsets) metrology, program trouble shooting and intro to bar pulling",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MCH 231"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-232.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 234",
    "title": "CNC Milling Operations Level I: 3 Credits (6 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is an introduction to CNC Milling Centers. The common operating procedures, set-up, and maintenance of the machine and control panel will be introduced and implemented. The student will become acquainted with the way CNC machine tools are utilized, while learning programming setup and operations, methods for the installation of tools, establishing machine, fixture, and part zero reference offsets.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 235",
    "title": "CNC Milling Programmer Level II: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MCH 235 , CNC Mill Programmer Level II, reinforces student’s understanding of CNC Mill operation and programming. Concepts to be covered include program planning, setup sheets, tool setup, offsets, metrology and intro to fourth axis",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MCH 234"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-235.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 242",
    "title": "CNC Probing and Macros: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "MCH 242 introduces students to the advanced capabilities of CNC machine tools. In this course students will learn how to use macros and probing to automate processes including part location and size, program loading based on condition, fixture orientation, tools offset modification, tool setting, part measurement, and program selection based on fixtures",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MCH 234",
      "ETME 410"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-242",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-242.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 247",
    "title": "CNC Robotic Integration 1: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) MCH 247 introduces students to the concepts and equipment necessary to design and setup an industrial robotic system for basic CNC machine tending. This is a hands-on group problem-solving class requiring prior CNC operation and programming experience.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-247.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 248",
    "title": "Tooling and Work Holding for Robotic Tending: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) MCH 248 Tooling and Work holding for Robotic Tending is designed to introduce students to various work holding and tooling for Robotic Machining Tending and support processes. Students will also learn to develop custom tooling for robotic tending",
    "prerequisites": [
      "DDSN 135"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-248",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-248.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 260",
    "title": "Machine Shop II: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Machine Shop 2 Reinforces through practice common skills used in a modern machining shop. Through practical lab exercises, the student will utilize common and essential machine shop tools and demonstrating safe and correct practices and proper use. During this class students will apply basic operation of metal lathes, milling machines, pedestal/bench grinders, saws, and drill presses. During this course the students will be required to complete 2 National Institute of Metalworking Skills Certifications. Students will be exposed to additional machining skills not covered in MCH 160 . This course will also reinforce basic measurement and print reading skills Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MCH 160",
      "MCH 130"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-260.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-291.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000130",
    "code": "MCH 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The MCH 292 Independent Study is a one to three credit course that teaches to the specific goals of the student. This course builds on the MCH foundation to increase skill development in general machining processes and fabrication skills.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/mch/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/mch-292.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 501",
    "title": "Independent Investigative Inquiry (III): 4 Credits (4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Each student selects a topic of particular interest to her or him, and to investigate the subject independently, following the advice of a faculty advisor and other resources in the WWAMI community.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-501.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 503",
    "title": "Foundations of Clinical Medicine: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to continuity of care by working with practicing physicians and coinciding with instruction in communication skills, interviewing techniques, physical examinations, documentation, and clinical reasoning. Includes hospital-based patient encounters with an introduction to the development of the physician role. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-503",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-503.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 504",
    "title": "Independent Investigative Inquiry Final Project: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In the process they will develop the skills to acquire and critically evaluate new information under the guidance of faculty mentorship. This will culminate in dissemination of their scholarly work through a poster presentation or a final paper depending on the type of scholarship chosen.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-504",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-504.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 505",
    "title": "Rural Health Care Delivery: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provide historical and current information about the health care industry, health care delivery systems and economics of health care and health care policy; with emphasis on rural health care. The purpose is to encourage WWAMI students to consider practicing in rural communities and/or providing health care to underserved populations. The infrastructure of the Montana health Care Delivery system will be presented in detail. Prior to Fall 2014, \"Rural Health Care Delivery\" was offered as MEDS 560 Repeatable up to 14 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "MEDS 560"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-505",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-505.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 507",
    "title": "The Healer's Art: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Encourages cultivation of human dimensions in practice of medicine while strengthening personal commitment to medicine as a life's work. Facilitates student recognition of commonality of personal concerns among peers and student response to the dimension of mystery in the experience of illness as well as development of the capacity for awe. WWAMI",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-507",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-507.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 508",
    "title": "Medical History Conference: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Guest lecturers discuss a variety of topics WWAMI Medical Program Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-508",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-508.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 510",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Medical Science & Research: 9 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to foundational basic science and research concepts in medicine. Topics covered include molecular and cell biology; human physiology, genetics and biochemistry; community health and disease; clinical epidemiology, research study design and data analysis. Incorporates fundamental principles of anatomy, pathology, and pharmacology, and medicine in society. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI students only. Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-510",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-510.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 515",
    "title": "Cancer, Hormones, & Blood: 7 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of endocrinology, hematology, and oncology. Topics covered include endocrine regulation of metabolism; normal physiology and pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for clinically important endocrine disorders; disturbances in red cell, white cell, and platelet production; abnormalities of hemostasis; and malignant neoplasia. Integrates relevant principles of anatomy, pathology and pharmacology, and medicine in society. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 7 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-515",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-515.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 516",
    "title": "Integration I: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Promotes cognitive integration of basic science and clinical content. Students analyze and apply metacognitive skills to promote retention and better prepare for the USMLE Step 1 medical licensing exam. First in a sequence of three. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-516",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-516.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 517",
    "title": "Integration II: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Promotes cognitive integration of basic science and clinical content. Students analyze and apply metacognitive skills to promote retention and better prepare for the USMLE Step 1 medical licensing exam. First in a sequence of three. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-517",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-517.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 518",
    "title": "Integration III: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Promotes cognitive integration of basic science and clinical content. Students analyze and apply metacognitive skills to promote retention and better prepare for the USMLE Step 1 medical licensing exam. First in a sequence of three. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-518",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-518.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 520",
    "title": "Infections & Immunity: 7 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab, 3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of the immune system; microbiology; infectious diseases; inflammation and repair. Topics covered include the pathogenesis and immunity of infectious disease, immunodeficiencies, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity, and the basis of immunologic diagnostics. Integrates relevant principles of anatomy, pathology, and pharmacology and medicine in society. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 7 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-520",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-520.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 525",
    "title": "Medicine, Health, and Society I: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Integrates School of Medicine thematic content with an emphasis on core concepts for clinical practice in the changing healthcare environment. Students explore areas related to humanism in medicine including the themes of ethics, health systems, systems improvements, health equity, diversity, social determinants of health, and global population and public health. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 1 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-525",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-525.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 530",
    "title": "Muscles, Joints, Bones, & Skin: 6 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab, 3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of the musculoskeletal system and dermatology. Topics covered include clinical manifestations in the skin, muscles, bones, and joints and the pathophysiology of trauma, aging, infection, and inflammation. Integrates relevant principles of anatomy, pathology, and pharmacology. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-530",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-530.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 535",
    "title": "Medicine, Health, and Society II: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Integrates School of Medicine thematic content with an emphasis on core concepts for clinical practice in the changing healthcare environment. Students explore areas related to humanism in medicine including the themes of ethics, health systems, systems improvements, health equity, diversity, social determinants of health, and global population and public health. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-535",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-535.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 540",
    "title": "Cardiovascular System: 6 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab, 3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive interdisciplinary introduction to cardiovascular biology and medicine, including thoracic anatomy, physiology, radiology, pathology, pharmacology, and surgery. Topics covered include cardiac electrophysiology, cardiac muscle mechanics, myocardial infarction, and cardiac repair. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-540",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-540.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 542",
    "title": "Respiration & Regulation: 7 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab, 3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive interdisciplinary introduction to the respiratory and renal-urinary systems and medicine, including pulmonary and renal anatomy, physiology, radiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Topics covered include ventilation mechanics; obstructive, restrictive, and pulmonary-vascular diseases; renal function; and common kidney diseases. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 7 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-542",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-542.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 550",
    "title": "Head, Neck, & Gut: 6 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab, 3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to head and neck anatomy and the gastrointestinal system. Topics covered include gastrointestinal and liver physiology; pathophysiology of digestion and hepatic function; the principles and practice of clinical nutrition. Integrates the relevant anatomy, pathology, and pharmacology of the GI system. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-550",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-550.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 560",
    "title": "Mind, Brain, and Behavior: 8 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comprehensive introduction to the organization and function of the central nervous system with a focus on clinical application of this knowledge to systematically approach the differential diagnosis and management of major neurologic, psychiatric, and behavioral disorders. Topics covered include normal physiological, pathophysiologic mechanisms, and current therapeutic approaches to disease including pharmacological, behavioral, surgical, and others. Integrates relevant principles of anatomy, pathology and pharmacology. Pass/Fail only. WWAMI Medical Students only. Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-560",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-560.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 570",
    "title": "Reproduction & Development: 8 Credits (4 Lec, 2 Lab, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Covers normal and abnormal human development reproductive functions including formation and maturation of ova and sperm, menstruation, normal pregnancy, and labor and delivery. Provides information concerning infertility, family planning techniques, urinary disorders, and reproductive aging and demography of human population. Includes relevant fundamental scientific principles in pelvic anatomy, pathology, histology, imaging, and pharmacology Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/meds/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-570",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/meds-570.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000131",
    "code": "MEDS 581",
    "title": "Farm to Clinician: A Culinary Medicine Approach to Healthcare: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This interprofessional course will introduce the concept of food as medicine with a focus on nutrition, farm to table and sustainable food systems; give an overview of the biochemical interactions and benefits of particular foods; discuss application in the clinical setting with a focus on rural healthcare; and provide hands-on, experiential cooking lessons focused on the Mediterranean style of eating and other emerging topic related to nutrition Repeatable up to 2 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
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    "code": "MUSE 437",
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    "code": "MUSI 103RA",
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    "description": "Open to all students. Study of the elements of music and their combination in musical creation. Activities include the acquisition of keyboard skills, exploration of traditional harmonic theory and exercises in music reading, analysis, and composition.",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Consent of Instructor, successful audition required. Ensemble experience performing musical styles that include swing, jazz, commercial, and popular music. Open to all students with high school instrumental music experience. Repeatable up to 16 credits.",
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    "code": "MUSI 133IA",
    "title": "Country Music: Cowboys, Opry, and Nashville: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An inquiry into Country Music, with an emphasis on its major performers, songwriters, songs, institutions, and impact on American society and culture.",
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    "title": "Keyboard Skills I: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F) Study of keyboard theory and technique, creative activities, sight reading, and piano repertoire. For music majors",
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    "code": "MUSI 137",
    "title": "Foundations of Aural Perception: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Requires completion of departmental diagnostic singing exam. Introduction to skills of singing, active listening, audiation, dictation, performance, and improvisation. Prior knowledge of basic musical notation is helpful; primarily for students with planned concentration in music",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/musi-137",
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    "code": "MUSI 140",
    "title": "Aural Perception I: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/musi-140",
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    "code": "MUSI 141",
    "title": "Aural Perception II: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Continuation of studies in ear training and sight-singing to develop aural perception of tonal and temporal relationships. Primarily for students with planned concentration in music .",
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    "code": "MUSI 155",
    "title": "Marching: Spirit of the West: 1-2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Non-auditioned ensemble offering experience in marching techniques and outdoor performances. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/musi-155",
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    "id": "gallatin-000139",
    "code": "MUSI 155IA",
    "title": "Marching: Spirit of the West: 1-2 Credits (1-2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Non-auditioned ensemble offering experience in marching techniques and outdoor performances. Repeatable up to 16 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/musi/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/musi-155ia",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000139",
    "code": "MUSI 160",
    "title": "Beginning Guitar: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Basic instruction in techniques of chord and classical guitar, music reading, and performance",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/musi-160",
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    "id": "gallatin-000139",
    "code": "MUSI 161",
    "title": "Beginning Guitar II: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Continuation of MUSI 160",
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    "description": "Approaches to and use of music in world cultures. The influence of world musics on Western music",
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    "code": "NASX 294R",
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    "code": "NASX 304",
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    "code": "NASX 310",
    "title": "Native Cultures of North America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "NASX 340IH",
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    "description": "(F) Junior standing or instructor permission. Traditional and contemporary Native American literature including oral narratives, folktales, poetry, short stories, essays, and the novel. Methods of literary analysis will be explored to assist students in determining the meaning and function of the various genres",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "NASX 360IH",
    "title": "Native Americans and Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Historical, comparative survey of Native American and Indigenous cinemas. Analysis of films by and about American Indians and other Indigenous peoples globally, including feature, independent, and documentary films and digitally-produced media. Considerable attention is given to theory and method in Native American and Indigenous film studies.",
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    "code": "NASX 370",
    "title": "Alaska Native Perspectives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Sophomore standing or consent of instructor. Introduces Alaska Native perspectives on kinship, time, philosophy, symbolism, spirituality, communication, justice, oral traditions, material culture, and the relationship to the environment. Includes the diversity of Alaska Native peoples, languages, worldviews and how these influence contemporary and global issues.",
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    "code": "NASX 405",
    "title": "Gender Issues in Native American Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Compare and contrast the social construction of gender in Native American cultures and Euroamericans. Explore role of women, men and \"two-spirit\" gender of early North American Indigenous societies. Analyze the impact of European colonization on traditional roles and examine contemporary gender issues",
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    "code": "NASX 415",
    "title": "Native Food Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course engages indigenous practices and beliefs, focusing particularly on the food systems of the Native Americans, and using comparative data from across time and place. Of specific interest are dynamic connections between Native foods and the health of people and place, both traditionally and in societies affected by colonization and rapid cultural change",
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    "code": "NASX 430",
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    "description": "Historical development and contemporary directions in American Indian education, values and assumptions inherent in programs devised at the state and federal levels and their results, the cultural basis of Indian education, and selected materials appropriate to the various educational levels",
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    "code": "NASX 440",
    "title": "Montana Indian Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Examination of literature written by and about Native American peoples in Montana. Emphasis on the changing status (function and value) of such writing and on social and political analyses of texts and writers, including Earling, McNickle, Mourning Dove, and Welch",
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    "code": "NASX 450",
    "title": "History of American Indians: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Indian affairs in America from 1600-1970. Emphasis on white reaction to the American Indians and the effect of the European invasion on Indian culture.",
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    "code": "NASX 455",
    "title": "Activism & Indigeneity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "NASX 470",
    "title": "Indigenous Planning: Strategic Economic and Human Development Approaches: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The intent of this course is to empower students through substantive knowledge of contemporary strategic planning and Indigenous community development. This course will build a foundational understanding of the political, legal and cultural protocols, values, social structure, development economics and traditional knowledge of American Indian, Alaska Native and Pacific Islander peoples, and engage with constructive planning practice that contributes to both local economic development and human development outcomes. Co-convened with NASX 570 .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 471",
    "title": "Native Grantsmanship: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Teaches the fundamentals of grantsmanship, including: finding and assessing potential funders; strategic planning for grant writing; writing effective grant proposals; and, understanding the peer review process. Combines academic scholarship and real-world scenarios. Emphasizes topics of interest to Native American applicants and their allies. This course is co-convened wiht NASX 571 .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 476",
    "title": "American Indian Policy and Law: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Survey of institutions, laws, cultures, and political forces which shaped federal Indian policy from colonial times to the present. Examination of primary documents, treaties, case law, and agencies which are the foundations of federal relationships with Indian Tribes",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NASX 105D",
      "NASX 232D"
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "NASX 490Z",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. -. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "NASX 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Co-convened with NASX 591 Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    ],
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis. Co-convened with NASX 592 Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NASX 592"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-492",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-492.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Classroom instruction associated with directed undergraduate research/creative activity projects. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-494.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 498",
    "title": "Internship/Cooperative Educ: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Consent of instructor An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-498",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-498.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 505",
    "title": "Proseminar Native Amer Studies: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is a Graduate introduction to Native American Studies",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-505.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 515",
    "title": "Native Food Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course engages indigenous practices and beliefs, focusing particularly on the food systems of the Native Americans, and using comparative data from across time and place. Of specific interest are dynamic connections between Native foods and the health of people and place, both traditionally and in societies affected by colonization and rapid cultural change.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-515.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 516",
    "title": "Buffalo Food System - Spring & Summer Seasons: 6 Credits (2 Lec, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(8-week sessions corresponding with each season followed by 2-week breaks, depending on holidays.) Indigenous Food Systems Graduate Certificate students only. Following the seasonal round of the Buffalo Nations Biocultural Region, students explore ecological ways of being and knowing, practice Indigenous foodways, and explore the impacts of colonization. Students must identify the community and knowledge holder(s) with whom they will work.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-516",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-516.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 517",
    "title": "Buffalo Food System - Fall & Winter Seasons: 6 Credits (2 Lec, 4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(8-week sessions corresponding with each season followed by 2-week breaks, depending on holidays.) Indigenous Food Systems Graduate Certificate students only. Following the seasonal round of the Buffalo Nations Biocultural Region, students explore ecological ways of being and knowing, practice Indigenous foodways, and and explore the impacts of colonization. Students are encouraged to identify the community and knowledgeholder(s) with whom they will work",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NASX 516"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-517.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 520",
    "title": "Fem/Gender Theories IN NAS: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is intended to explore gender issues in Native American Studies. It will critically explore the problems and points of conflict between Native American women's gender concerns and Euroamerican feminist theories",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-520",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-520.md"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 521",
    "title": "Tribal Government: Yesterday & Today: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course examines the complexities of American Indian governments' organization, their histories, and the unique relationship between the Federal government and American Indian tribes. The course highlights several models of both traditional and contemporary tribal governance systems",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-521",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-521.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 523",
    "title": "Am Indians/Minority in High Ed: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course will develop and build the students' understanding of the historical and current situation of American Indians and other minorities in the U.S. higher education. It will also focus on the unique place of tribal colleges in the U.S. higher education",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-523",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-523.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 524",
    "title": "Contemporary Issues in American Indian Studies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course is intended to develop and refine the students' knowledge of the historical background of American Indian issues and how history now affects the contemporary issues facing American Indians",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-524",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-524.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 525",
    "title": "Indigenous Philosophies/Sacred Ecologies: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course begins by examining indigenous philosophies of sacred ecologies, contrasting these views with those held by Europeans regarding the natural world. It traces the impact of historical colonialism in the environment up to contemporary conflicts over sacred sites and environmental resources",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-525.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 530",
    "title": "Federal Law and Indian Policy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advanced analysis of theories, doctrines, case law, and legislation with a focus on key legal and policy concerns for contemporary Native America including treaties, criminal jurisdiction, land, environmental regulation, water rights, fishing and hunting, child welfare, gaming, taxation, repatriation, and religious freedom. Co-convened with NASX 476 Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NASX 476"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-530",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-530.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 540",
    "title": "Theoretical Positions in NAS: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to the central conceptualizations of the academic discipline of Native American Studies and several of the theoretical paradigms operative within it. Students will gain an understanding of the contributions of Native American Studies to theoretical understandings within, across, and beyond dominant academic disciplines",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-540",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-540.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 541",
    "title": "Critical Approach to NAS Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A critical survey of the interdisciplinary approaches used in NAS grounded in a sociopolitical context with emphasis on ethical questions raised by research of Native Americans. Students receive individual attention toward formulating an effective methodology for their master's project",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-541",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-541.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 542",
    "title": "Research Praxis in Native American Studies: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students in other graduate programs are welcome with consent of instructor. An introduction to the central conceptualizations of the academic discipline of Native American Studies and theoretical/methodological paradigms operative within it. Students will gain an understanding of the contributions of Native American Studies to theoretical and methodological understandings within, across, and beyond dominant academic disciplines",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-542",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-542.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 550",
    "title": "Native Americans: Dispelling the Myths: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is designed around a series of commonly held assumptions or \"myths\". When unexamined, these assumptions undermine our ability to communicate across cultures, and ultimately form the basis for some of the worst forms of racism and stereotyping. We wrestle with these preconceptions while learning the most basic elements of American Indian-which is to say American-history",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-550",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-550.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 551",
    "title": "Native North America: Art, Agency, Activism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "NASX 551 explores Native",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-551",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-551.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 552",
    "title": "Indigenous Nations of Montana: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "NASX 552 is a graduate level introduction to Montana's contemporary Indigenous Nations, with a summary overview of Montana's PaleoIndian prehistory and post-contact history. Students explore the traditional culture and history of each Montana tribe, and focus on the contemporary life and issues pertinent to each tribe",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-552",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-552.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 553",
    "title": "Indigenous Literature and the West: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will familiarize us with Indigenous literature and its relation to the American and Canadian West. We will seek to retrace the creation of the Western mythos while placing Indigenous perspectives and literature at the center of our discussions",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-553",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-553.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 554",
    "title": "Indian Education for All: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is an in-depth analysis of the theory and practice of cultural diversity in educational contexts. It examines the historical, political, and cultural forces that foster systematic disparities based on ascribed characteristics, and critically examines strategies for addressing such disparities. The evolution and implementation of Indian Education for All is explored",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-554",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-554.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 555",
    "title": "Activism and Indigeneity: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITES: Any 400 or 500 NAS level course) To explore historical and contemporary models of activism within Indigenous and non-indigenous communities, with an emphasis on producing authentic interdisciplinary initiatives that both indigenous and non-indigenous communities can use.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-555",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-555.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 560",
    "title": "Native American Lit Tradition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Graduate standing A survey of prose writing, mainly long fiction, by and about contemporary Native Americans.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-560",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-560.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 570",
    "title": "Indigenous Planning: Strategic Economic and Human Development Approaches: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The intent of this course is to empower students through substantive knowledge of contemporary strategic planning and Indigenous community development. This course will build a foundational understanding of the political, legal and cultural protocols, values, social structure, development economics and traditional knowledge of American Indian, Alaska Native and Pacific Islander peoples, and engage with constructive planning practice that contributes to both local economic development and human development outcomes. Co-convened with NASX 470 .",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-570",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-570.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 571",
    "title": "Native Grantsmanship: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Teaches the fundamentals of grantsmanship, including: finding and assessing potential funders; strategic planning for grant writing; writing effective grant proposals; and, understanding the peer review process. Combines academic scholarship and real-world scenarios. Emphasizes topics of interest to Native American applicants and their allies",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-571",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-571.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major adviser and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-575",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-575.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by graduate students who have completed all of their course work and their theses, if on a thesis plan, but who need additional faculty or staff time and assistance Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-589",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-589.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Graduate standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-590",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-590.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Co-convened with NASX 491 Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NASX 491"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-591",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-591.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-592",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-592.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-594",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-594.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000141",
    "code": "NASX 598",
    "title": "Internship: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/nasx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-598",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/nasx-598.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000142",
    "code": "NEUR 313",
    "title": "Neurophysiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Physiology of integrative mechanisms in nervous systems. Topics range from the mechanisms of synaptic transmission and action potential generation to the neural basic of learning and memory",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOB 160",
      "BIOB 260"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000212"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/neur/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-313",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-313.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000142",
    "code": "NEUR 409",
    "title": "Human Neuroanatomy: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Covering the organization and function of the human nervous system. The course will emphasize theories of its normal functioning and its responses to environmental change, as in learning and structural modification. Homeostasis will be emphasized",
    "prerequisites": [
      "BIOH 185",
      "BIOH 201"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/neur/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-409",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-409.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000142",
    "code": "NEUR 425",
    "title": "Sensory Neurophysiology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Neurophysiology of sensory cells and systems. Topics range from the mechanisms underlying sensory reception to the processing of sensory information at higher stages. The major focus will be on human sensory systems. Pathologies that effect sensory perception will be considered",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NEUR 313"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/neur/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-425",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-425.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000142",
    "code": "NEUR 428R",
    "title": "Molecular Basis of Neurological Diseases: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course will give an in-depth view of the molecular and cellular aspects of neuroscience. Student projects will then use that knowledge to do their own research into the current molecular understanding of a chosen neurological disease",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NEUR 313"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/neur/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-428r",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/neur-428r.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 116",
    "title": "Introduction to Professional Nursing: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course provides knowledge of the professional origin of nursing, including the historical context and its relevance to current healthcare delivery. Students will explore issues surrounding the profession, multiple nursing roles and concepts related to the dimensions of nursing practice.",
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    "code": "NRSG 242",
    "title": "Complementary Healing: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The purpose of this course is to explore the time honored medical models and treatments of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). Using quality of life as a foundation, students will explore the integration of these models into practice",
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    "code": "NRSG 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "NRSG 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 294",
    "title": "Workshop/Seminar: 1-4 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics offered at the lower division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 314",
    "title": "Concepts in Psychosocial Nursing: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course explores nursing psychosocial concepts and theories with clients across the lifespan in a variety of settings. Topics include developmental impact of trauma, family theories, crisis theory, anxiety, loss, grief and other human responses; and related psychosocial nursing strategies",
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    "code": "NRSG 316",
    "title": "Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurses I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course introduces the abnormal functioning of human cells, tissues, and organ systems, and the physiological adaptations that occur and how pharmacotherapeutics can address some common pathological or adaptive changes across the lifespan. Pharmacological and pathophysiologic principles will be integrated",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "NRSG 317",
    "title": "Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurses II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course builds on concepts and content of Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurses I and advances understanding of abnormal functioning of human cells, tissues, and organs of selected body systems, physiological adaptations and pharmacotherapeutics. Pharmacological and pathophysiologic principles are analyzed",
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    "code": "NRSG 318",
    "title": "Accelerated Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapeutics for Nurses: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "description": "Abnormal functioning of human cells, tissues, and organs of selected body systems, physiological adaptations, and pharmacotherapeutics are examined to address pathological or adaptive changes across the lifespan.",
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    "code": "NRSG 323",
    "title": "Professional Development I: Professional and Ethical Nursing: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will explore the ethical development of professional nursing to initiate and foster professional, culturally competent, inclusive nursing care. Ethical development including morality and obligations to cultural sensitivity and inclusion, evidence-based practice and professional nurse identity will be discussed.",
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    "code": "NRSG 324R",
    "title": "Professional Development II: Evidence Based Practice: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course addresses the ethical, professional, and evidence-based practice obligations of professional nursing to foster EBP competencies of rapid critical research appraisal and planning of clinical outcomes. Students will develop a scholarly project utilizing nursing theory.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 327",
    "title": "Foundations of Nursing Care: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course introduces the application of nursing principles, concepts and fundamental skills for safe quality nursing care. Learners use assessment data, clinical judgment and therapeutic communication to plan and provide for effective nursing care .",
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      "BIOH 211",
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    "code": "NRSG 328",
    "title": "Foundations of Nursing Lab: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students apply nursing principles, concepts and fundamental skills for safe quality nursing care. Learners apply assessment data and nursing process to develop the clinical judgment and therapeutic communication for effectice collaboration with clients and the healthcare team .",
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      "BIOH 211",
      "HDFS 101IS",
      "PSYX 100IS",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 329",
    "title": "Adult Health Assessment: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course uses a health-oriented approach to acquire the comprehensive skills of history taking and physical assessment needed to conduct an adult nursing assessment and professionally communicate the findings using verbal, written and electronic methods .",
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      "BIOH 211"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 332",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts for Health Promotion: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course explores assessment and promotion of health for racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse individuals, families, and communities in local, state, national and global arenas. Concepts include prevention, vulnerable populations, social determinants of health, and personal self-care practices",
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      "PSYX 100IS",
      "HDFS 101IS",
      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 329"
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    "code": "NRSG 333",
    "title": "Concepts in Health Promotion and Psychosocial Nursing: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Assess and promote health of diverse individuals, families, and communities in a variety of arenas. Psychosocial concepts and theories, preventive care measures, strategies for vulnerable populations and select interventions for the planning of nursing care with clients across the lifespan",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 311",
      "NRSG 329"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 334",
    "title": "Nursing Practice for Health Promotion: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course provides the clinical experiential learning associated with Nursing Concepts for Health Promotion ( NRSG 332 ) and includes health assessments and health promotion teaching and planning for individuals, families, and communities to promote health and prevent disease",
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      "HDFS 101IS",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 354",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Reproductive Health: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The focus of this course is health promotion, disease prevention, illness management and nursing care of clients seeking sexual and reproductive services. The course will also focus on nursing concepts surrounding pregnancy, labor, delivery, post-partum, and care of the newborn",
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      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 329"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 357",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Pediatric Care: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course examines health promotion, disease prevention, illness management, and nursing care of children within the family context using knowledge gained from nursing, sciences, humanities, and developmental theory",
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      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 329",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 358",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Reproductive Health and Pediatric Care: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Health promotion, disease prevention, and illness management of children and families, and individuals seeking sexual and reproductive health service is examined. A variety of settings among diverse populations is used to plan reproductive care and care of the developing child",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 329",
      "NRSG 333",
      "NRSG 318"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 359",
    "title": "Nursing Practice in Reproductive Health and Pediatric Care: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course applies health promotion, disease prevention, illness management, and nursing concepts of children, families and individuals seeking sexual and reproductive care. A variety diverse populations and settings are used to gain knowledge of reproductive and pediatric care .",
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      "NRSG 329",
      "NRSG 316",
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      "HDFS 101IS"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 387R",
    "title": "Research in Health Care: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students are introduced to the research process and evidence-based practice. They develop knowledge, skills, and values necessary to be informed consumers of health related research. Students engage in research processes, examine research reports, and describe practice applications",
    "prerequisites": [
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 400",
    "title": "Nursing Simulation: 1-2 Credits (1-2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course integrates clinical learning and nursing theory in a simulation-based environment. It includes the application of nursing principles, concepts, related skills, and clinical decision making specific to the scheduled patient populations each semester. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 403",
    "title": "Professional Development III: Care Management: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course provides development of critical thinking, transitional planning, and delegation for patient care management. Students will approach healthcare utilization holistically across multiple settings and explore the legal, ethical and advocacy issues for patient’s specific needs.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 406",
    "title": "Professional Development V: Care Management and Informatics in Healthcare Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Examine critical thinking, quality improvement, transitional planning, and delegation for patient care management with an emphasis on healthcare utilization, healthcare systems, telehealth, and information technology to address the nursing role for outcome improvement.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 408",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Chronic Care: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on care of adult patients with chronic, non-curable diseases. Quality of life, altered mobility, sexuality, body image, stigma, social isolation, compliance, chronic pain, and aging provide foundation for patient-centered health promotion, palliative care, hospice, and end-of-life care",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 329",
      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 317"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 409",
    "title": "Nursing Practice in Chronic Care: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides the clinical experiential application of care for adult patients care with chronic, non-curable diseases for patients and their families with an emphasis on patient-centered health promotion, disease and palliative care, hospice, and end-of-life care",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 329",
      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 328",
      "NRSG 317"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 412",
    "title": "Professional Development IV: Nursing Leadership and Transition to Practice: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course practices leadership skills with an emphasis on team evaluation, fiscal management, conflict management, staff empowerment, and change theory. It features planning for transition to professional practice and emphasizes mental well-being and self-care.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 426",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Population Health: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) The focus of this course is the theoretical application of promoting the health of diverse communities and special populations from a public health perspective. It emphasizes a population focused nursing process, epidemiology, and population-based assessment tools for intervention design",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 314",
      "NRSG 332",
      "NRSG 333",
      "NRSG 329",
      "NRSG 327",
      "NRSG 317"
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    "code": "NRSG 427",
    "title": "Nursing Practice in Population Health: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides the practice application of promoting health of diverse communities and special populations from a public health perspective. It emphasizes a population focused nursing process and uses epidemiology and population-based assessment tools to form interventions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 332",
      "NRSG 334"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 431",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Psychiatric/Mental Health: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The focus of this course is to attain foundational knowledge of psychopathology and nursing care of clients with acute and chronic psychiatric disorders. Social, cultural, spiritual, and environmental issues influencing mental health are explored.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 432",
    "title": "Nursing Practice in Psychiatric/Mental Health: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is focuses on nursing care of clients with acute and chronic psychiatric disorders, including psychopathology associated with major mental illness. Community-based experiences provide opportunity for continued development of therapeutic skills to explore social, cultural, spiritual, and environmental influences.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 452",
    "title": "Health Policy & Economics: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Focus is on economics, public policy and political factors that affect the delivery of health and nursing care at the local, state, national and international levels. Students are encouraged to participate in efforts to influence health policy",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NRSG 403"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 460",
    "title": "Nursing Concepts in Acute and Chronic Care: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theoretical and empirical knowledge for planning collaborative, patient-centered, safe care of adults across the lifespan to include aging, chronic illness and non-curable, life limiting diseases and those experiencing acute/critical and complex health alterations",
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    "code": "NRSG 619",
    "title": "Advanced Primary Care Skills and Procedures: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course introduces primary care skills and procedures commonly used by APRNs. These skills enhance didactic content presented in the primary care series culminating in a 3-day hands-on skills lab held on the Bozeman campus",
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    "code": "NRSG 620",
    "title": "Advanced Pharmacology II - FNP: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Focuses on pharmacologic effects and clinical use of selected drug classifications for the treatment and management of acute and chronic illnesses",
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      "NRSG 602",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 621",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical I-FI: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 6 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focus on comprehensive assessment, intervention and preventive care for childbearing and childrearing families in primary health care. Includes content on physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural and spiritual primary health care needs of childbearing and childrearing families.",
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    "code": "NRSG 622",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical II Primary Care for Midlife Families: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Recognizing the holistic nature of individuals within families, this course will include content on the physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural, and spiritual primary health care needs of midlife families .",
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    "code": "NRSG 623",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical III: Primary Care for Aging Families: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focus on assessment, treatment and preventative care for aging families in primary health care settings. Physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural and spiritual responses to acute and chronic conditions will be explored emphasizing the importance of advocacy",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 624",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical IV (NP, Family/Individual) Primary Care Clinical Preceptorship: 8 Credits (2 Lec, 6 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this graduate nursing practicum, students will further refine their role as a doctorally prepared nurse practitioner demonstrating expertise, specialized knowledge, and expanded responsibility and accountability in the care and management of individuals and families. Students in the Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) option participate in the selection of a practice setting such as family health, pediatrics, women's health, gerontology, a broad based primary care, or specialty practice. Students will incorporate a holistic perspective in the management of patients and engage in the formation of therapeutic partnerships in a clinical practice",
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    "code": "NRSG 625",
    "title": "Advanced Diagnostics in Primary Care: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores various diagnostic modalities for complex patients with rheumatology, dermatology, auto-immune conditions, and chronic illnesses. Emphasis is on helping practitioners order appropriate testing, interpret diagnostic tests, communicate treatment plans with patients, and collaboration interprofessional teams",
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      "NRSG 602",
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    "code": "NRSG 629",
    "title": "Introduction to Advanced Practice Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) An introduction to advanced practice psychiatric-mental health nursing focusing on developing early interview skills, assessing patients with mental health concerns, completing the mental status examination, and a safety assessment. Students explore the DSM 5-TR, documentation, and other relevant interview/assessment resources",
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    "code": "NRSG 630",
    "title": "Adv Psychopharmacology II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Analyzing psychotropic interventions including, but not limited to, mechanisms of action, indications of use, dosing, side effects, drug-drug interactions, contraindications, and patient education. Focus is placed on treating patients across the lifespan with mental health problems",
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    "code": "NRSG 631",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical I – Psych/Mental Health: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on the role and scope of advanced psychiatric nursing practice with attention placed on conducting assessments through interviewing and objective assessments in order to make diagnoses. Mental health treatment needs are explored in relation to diagnoses",
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    "code": "NRSG 632",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical II: Psychotherapeutic Modalities: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "description": "This course focuses on the treatment and management of mental health problems utilizing individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, brief psychotherapy and medication management. Additional focus and consideration are placed on the management of the pediatric and geriatric population",
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    "code": "NRSG 633",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical III, Psych/Mental Health: 6 Credits (3 Lec, 3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on the management of individuals/families with mental health problems who have acute/chronic mental health needs using psychotherapeutic modalities while incorporating appropriate prescriptive and CAM treatments. Focus placed on women of childbearing age and substance use disorders",
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    "code": "NRSG 634",
    "title": "Advanced Clinical IV, NP, Psych/Mental Health: 8 Credits (2 Lec, 6 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This graduate nursing course builds upon content and skills attained in Advanced Clinical I, II, and III. In this practicum students will further refine their role as a doctorally prepared nurse practitioner demonstrating expertise, specialized knowledge, and expanded responsibility and accountability in the advanced psychiatric care and management of individuals and families",
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    "code": "NRSG 639",
    "title": "Midwifery Clinical Care Skills and Procedures: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This graduate nursing course focuses on introducing skills and procedures that are used by nurse midwives within the primary care and inpatient settings. These skills will enhance content presented in other midwifery option courses",
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    "title": "Advanced Pharmacology II Nurse Midwifery: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This course focuses on the use pharmacologic interventions when caring for people in the primary care setting, childbearing cycle, and neonates. The evaluation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, indications of use, dosing, side effects, and drug-food interactions are covered",
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      "NRSG 603",
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    "title": "Midwifery Care During the Antepartum: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) This graduate nursing course focuses on providing safe, evidence-based midwifery care during pregnancy. Strategies that promote normal pregnancy are examined and the assessment of fetal status is emphasized. Students learn how to intervene when complications arise",
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    "title": "Midwifery Care During the Intrapartum: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This graduate nursing course focuses on the provision of safe, evidence-based midwifery care during labor. Skills needed to assess and promote normal labor progression are emphasized. Students learn how to intervene when maternal or fetal complications and emergencies arise .",
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    "code": "NRSG 643",
    "title": "Midwifery Care During the Postpartum and Care of the Neonate: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) This graduate nursing course focuses on providing safe, evidence-based midwifery care during the postpartum and to neonates. The emphasis is on normal physiological changes. Students learn how to intervene when complications and emergencies arise .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 644",
    "title": "Primary and Gynecologic Care: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This graduate nursing course focuses on meeting the primary, preconception, and gynecologic care health needs of people throughout the lifespan through evidenced based comprehensive assessment, intervention, and preventive care. Common health problems and deviations from normal are emphasized",
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    "code": "NRSG 645",
    "title": "Advanced Midwifery Clinical I: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This is the first of four nurse midwifery clinical courses where students begin to apply knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in required prerequisite courses. Students use the midwifery management process when providing holistic care",
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      "NRSG 642",
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    "code": "NRSG 646",
    "title": "Advanced Midwifery Clinical II: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This is the second of four nurse midwifery clinical courses where students apply knowledge, skills, and judgment acquired in required prerequisite nurse midwifery courses. Students use the midwifery management process when providing holistic care",
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    "code": "NRSG 647",
    "title": "Advanced Midwifery Clinical III: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "description": "(F) This is the third of four nurse midwifery clinical courses where students apply knowledge, skills, and judgment acquired in the required prerequisite midwifery courses when independently providing culturally competent holistic care",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 648",
    "title": "Advanced Midwifery Clinical IV: 6 Credits (6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This is the fourth of four nurse midwifery clinical courses where students independently apply knowledge, skills, and judgment acquired in the required prerequisite midwifery courses when providing culturally competent holistic care",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 651",
    "title": "FNP Diagnosis & Management I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Graduate FNP program major. This graduate course focuses on comprehensive assessment, intervention, and preventive care for midlife families in primary health care settings. Using a holistic framework, this course includes physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural, and spiritual primary health content for midlife families",
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      "NRSG 602",
      "NRSG 603",
      "NRSG 604",
      "NRSG 605",
      "NRSG 607"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 652",
    "title": "FNP Diagnosis & Management II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) FNP graduate nursing majors only. Focuses on comprehensive assessment, intervention, and preventive care for women and pediatric population in the primary health care settings. Using a holistic framework content includes physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural, sexual, and spiritual primary health care needs of women and children",
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    "code": "NRSG 653",
    "title": "FNP Diagnosis & Management III: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This graduate nursing course focuses on assessment, treatment, advocacy, and preventative care for aging adults in primary health care settings. Physiological, pathophysiological, psychological, developmental, sociocultural, and spiritual responses to acute and chronic conditions will be explored",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 654",
    "title": "FNP Role Transition: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) FNP majors only. Preparing students to initiate independent practice and obtain licensing and certification. Exploring legal aspects of independent practice",
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 655",
    "title": "FNP Advanced Clinical I: 4 Credits (4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) FNP majors only. This is the first of four FNP clinical courses. Students begin to apply knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in the required prerequisite FNP courses in the clinical setting. Students provide culturally competent, holistic care to families, and patients throughout the lifespan",
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      "NRSG 602",
      "NRSG 603",
      "NRSG 607",
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    "code": "NRSG 656",
    "title": "FNP Advanced Clinical II: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) FNP majors only. This is the second of four FNP clinical courses. Students continue to apply knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in the required prerequisite FNP courses in the clinical setting. Students provide culturally competent, holistic care to families, and patients throughout the lifespan",
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    "code": "NRSG 657",
    "title": "FNP Advanced Clinical III: 5 Credits (5 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F) FNP majors only. The third of our FNP clinical courses. Students apply knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in the required prerequisite FNP courses in the clinical setting. Students provide culturally competent, holistic care to increasingly complex families and patients throughout the lifespan",
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      "NRSG 656"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 658",
    "title": "FNP Advanced Clinical IV: 5 Credits (5 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This is the final FNP clinical course. Students apply knowledge, skills, and abilities acquired in the required prerequisite FNP courses in the primary care clinical setting. Students provide culturally competent, holistic care to complex families and patients throughout the lifespan",
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      "NRSG 657"
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    "id": "gallatin-000143",
    "code": "NRSG 661",
    "title": "PMHNP Diagnosis & Management I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course focuses on the role and scope of advanced psychiatric nursing practice through assessments and interviewing to formulation clinical judgment. Mental health treatment needs are explored in relation to diagnoses",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "NRSG 602",
      "NRSG 603",
      "NRSG 604",
      "NRSG 605",
      "NRSG 616",
      "NRSG 629",
      "NRSG 630"
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    "code": "NRSG 662",
    "title": "PMHNP Diagnosis & Management II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) This course focuses on the treatment and management of mental health problems utilizing individual psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, brief psychotherapy, and medication management. Additional focus and consideration are placed on the management of the pediatric and geriatric population",
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      "NRSG 661",
      "NRSG 665"
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      "NRSM 102",
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      "NRSM 240",
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    "code": "NUTR 221CS",
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      "gallatin-000211"
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    "code": "NUTR 224",
    "title": "Careers in Nutrition and Dietetics: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Careers in Nutrition and Dietetics is an introduction to the career opportunities in the field of nutrition and healthcare for food and nutrition majors. Emerging health care delivery models, intraprofessional roles and reimbursement for nutrition services will be discussed. Emphasis on critical thinking, evidence-based practice and professional ethics",
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    "description": "(F) Food is an essential component of life and livelihoods everywhere. However, food patterns vary across the globe. Students will develop an awareness of personal biases and the need for cultural humility by examining and experiencing the concurrent influences of food and culture over the course of history",
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      "NUTR 226",
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    "title": "Nutrition in the Life Cycle: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "NUTR 491",
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    "code": "NUTR 492",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "NUTR 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Preparation of an application for a dietetic internship or graduate program. Emphasizes resume and portfolio development, ethics, professionalism, and interviewing.",
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    "code": "NUTR 496",
    "title": "Practicum Food Product Development: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "NUTR 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. An individualized professional assignment arranged for specific discipline. Some academic areas will offer specific sections in sequence for their students. All students must receive department permission prior to registration, and register for a senior seminar in their major area",
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    "code": "NUTR 499",
    "title": "Capstone for Dietetics: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Senior standing. Provides opportunity for experiential learning to practice and enhance pre-professional skills in communication and critical thinking. Creation of a nutrition education resource and practice in assessment, interviewing and smart goal development to promote behavior change and enhance wellness.",
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    "code": "NUTR 511",
    "title": "Exercise Metabolism and Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Recommended prerequisite areas of knowledge: • Basic nutrition • Anatomy/physiology • Cell biology • Exercise physiology • Energy pathways (CP, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation). This course examines how cellular demands influence the need for carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals, how the availability of these nutrients influences adaptations, and the influence of these adaptations on exercise performance and disease risk.",
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    "code": "NUTR 520",
    "title": "Nutrition, Public Health, & Systems Change: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Graduate standing in Dietetic Systems MS. Community and population nutrition health theories with an emphasis on the global, national, and local systems/programs through which nutrition interventions are applied, education and program planning toward a goal of disease prevention and health promotion.",
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    "code": "NUTR 521",
    "title": "Advanced Macronutrient Metabolism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Digestion, absorption, and metabolism of macronutrients, metabolic pathways utilizing carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and changes that occur in metabolism under different physiological conditions.",
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    "code": "NUTR 524",
    "title": "Adolescent Nutrition: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Course participants explore nutrition science relevant to adolescent health, gain exposure to quality education resources and investigate wellness issues and strategies",
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    "code": "NUTR 525",
    "title": "Advanced Medical Nutrition Therapy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Integrate the theories and principles of medical nutrition therapy into clinical practice. Students will apply critical thinking and knowledge of medical nutrition therapy to a variety of different disease states and patient populations including oncology, gastrointestinal disorders, liver disease, critical care, and pediatrics",
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    "code": "NUTR 526",
    "title": "Nutrition for Fitness/Performance: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Examine energy metabolism and physical activity. Use nutrition strategies to meet the energy, power output, and nutrient demands of exercise, and athletic performance. Examine behavioral relationships that affect fitness and health, including disordered eating and the female athlete triad, evaluation of nutrition information and dietary supplements, with extensive use of internet resources. Offered Spring.",
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    "code": "NUTR 527",
    "title": "Critical Thinking, Research & Evidence Informed Nutrition Practice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Evaluate and review research on the etiology, consequences and treatment of obesity",
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    "code": "NUTR 528",
    "title": "Advanced Food Systems Management in Dietetics: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "NUTR 530",
    "title": "Food Innovation & Entrepreneurship: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Food innovation and entrepreneurship enable the creation and implementation of novel solutions to food and health issues. This course introduces the principles and applications of design thinking as an innovation tool and entrepreneurship basics in the food and health fields",
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    "code": "NUTR 540",
    "title": "Nutrition Education and Counseling: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "NUTR 560",
    "title": "Food Systems Leadership for Nutrition Professionals: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This course prepares MDI students to understand the relationship between food, agriculture and health systems. Students will gain literacy in systems thinking through examination of food system topics through local food system projects, discussions, readings, field trips and farm work .",
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    "code": "NUTR 575",
    "title": "Research/Prof Paper/Project: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) A research or professional paper or project dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "title": "Professional Development: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "code": "NUTR 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "NUTR 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Su) Directed graduate research/creative activity Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "NUTR 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not offered in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "title": "Aesthetics and the Arts: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Philosophical examination of the nature and function of the arts and the aesthetic experience",
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    "title": "Philosophy and Film: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Philosophic study of the moving image. Examines topics such as ontology of the image, theory of cinematic narrative, problem of realism versus illusion in film, its aesthetic, moral, and cultural value; and what constitutes appropriate interpretative activity in judging film",
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    "code": "PHL 340",
    "title": "American Pragmatism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course offers a historical survey of the American philosophical tradition known as pragmatism. Students will learn how this tradition developed in the 19th and 20th centuries in response to problems facing American life",
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    "code": "PHL 345",
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    "code": "PHL 350RH",
    "title": "State, Community & Individual: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The philosophical study of the state and society. Topics include the nature and limits of political legitimacy and the nature of just economic systems",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Philosophical analysis of concepts and assumptions central to feminist theories. Topics may include the nature of gender and oppression, masculinity, the relationship between sexism and other forms of oppression, the ideal society, and feminist challenges to traditional philosophical theories.",
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    "code": "PHL 353",
    "title": "Philosophy and Technology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PHL 354",
    "title": "Philosophy of Race: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Examines the development of the concept of race in philosophy since the 17th century. Traces the effects race has had on concepts such as the person, self-respect, rationality, knowledge, state of nature, science, social justice, and ordinary life",
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    "code": "PHL 361RH",
    "title": "Hist of Philo:Ancient/Medieval: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Great systems of philosophic thought and their originators during ancient and medieval times",
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    "code": "PHL 362",
    "title": "History of Philosophy: Modern: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Great systems of philosophic thought, Descartes to Kant.",
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    "code": "PHL 365",
    "title": "Phil of Mind and Consciousness: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course we will examine different philosophical theories regarding the workings of the mind and the nature of consciousness. Are you the same thing as your mind? What is thought? Is conscious experience explainable by the physical sciences?",
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    "id": "gallatin-000148",
    "code": "PHL 370",
    "title": "Philosophy of Religion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Analysis of concepts of revealed truth, God, and immortality; the nature of religious emotion and experience, and of religious language; relation of faith to reason; traditional proofs of God's existence; the problem of evil; religious diversity; spirituality",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000148",
    "code": "PHL 383",
    "title": "Reason and Revolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of the scope and limits of reason and their role in revolution as exemplified by leading nineteenth century philosophers",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000148",
    "code": "PHL 385",
    "title": "Existentialism and After: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Existentialism and related developments such as phenomenology and post modernism",
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    "code": "PHL 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Each semester is given over to the detailed study of a major figure or problem in philosophy. Since the figures and problems studied vary from semester to semester, the course may be repeated for credit. Two semesters of PHL 400 are required for all philosophy majors Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 498",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "description": "(1-4 Lec; 4 cr max) On demand Prerequisite: Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PHL 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 9 credits.",
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    "code": "PHOT 113RA",
    "title": "The Magic of the Darkroom I: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction to traditional black and white photographic practice, theory and visual principles, including camera operation and use of BW darkroom technique. Photography majors must take this class fall semester to fit into the sequential nature of the Photography program. A 35mm film camera is required for this class.",
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    "code": "PHOT 154IA",
    "title": "Exploring Digital Photography: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Introduces technical and aesthetic ways of creating digital photographic images from acquiring them with digital cameras to cell phones with manual exposure controls to editing images using computer software. Instructor and peer critique of student work is an integral part of the course.",
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    "code": "PHOT 213",
    "title": "The Magic of the Darkroom II: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Also on demand for Fall. Theory and continued application of image control in B&W photography, through the use of a variety of 35mm and medium format films and the introduction of basic zone system principles. Advanced traditional B&W printing techniques in preparation for portfolio review. A 35 mm film camera is required for this class. School of Film and Photography",
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    "code": "PHOT 255",
    "title": "Intro to Color Photography: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Introduction and analysis of color theory, color imagery and color materials. Exploration of image capture via film, scanning and digital cameras. Technical skills are developed in digital systems, applications and printing along with critical exploration of color visual language and aesthetic issues",
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    "code": "PHOT 258",
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    "description": "(F) Introduction to view camera theory and practice. Basic studio and lighting techniques will be addressed as well as advanced contrast control through application of the zone system, large format black and white photography, digital view camera, and large format digital and analog printing techniques",
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    "code": "PHOT 291",
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    "code": "PHOT 301",
    "title": "Photography: Global Histories and Perspectives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The global history of photography from prehistory to the present. This course focuses on the technological, cultural, social, scientific, theoretical, and aesthetic aspects of the medium through a diverse range of global photographers and photographic practices",
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    "code": "PHOT 331",
    "title": "Prof Practices in Photography: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "description": "Alternate years. Introduces students to variety of career choices in the field of photography. Emphasis on writing skills and the fundamentals of business and marketing. Class is strongly recommended for those who plan on entering the photographic profession, including graduate school",
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    "code": "PHOT 350",
    "title": "Landscape and the Book: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Further applied study of color visual theory and the control of materials for color photographic expression. Emphasis on individual aesthetic practices through handmade photography books",
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    "code": "PHOT 352",
    "title": "Advanced Lighting Practices: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Advanced photographic theory and practice in studio and on location. Emphasis given to creative aspects of artificial lighting and staged subject matter in all camera formats. This class is highly recommended for both commercial and fine art applications",
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    "code": "PHOT 355",
    "title": "The Experimental Color Darkroom: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) FPPH, FPFM, ILBM majors only, juniors in the SFP programs. Intermediate and advanced color darkroom photographic processes. Emphasis is on the creative aspects of experimentation in the color darkroom exploring various analog processes to achieve the final image",
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      "PHOT 255",
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 359",
    "title": "Alternative Photographic Techniques: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Image creation through the use of historical contact printing processes. A variety of alternative processes will be addressed such as gum printing, cyanotype, and platinum/palladium. Extensive aesthetic exploration will be supported through a blend of the old processes and current digital negative techniques",
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      "PHOT 255",
      "PHOT 258"
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    "code": "PHOT 360",
    "title": "Yellowstone Digital: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) This is a field workshop in Yellowstone National Park using a camera to create digital images. Intended for individuals with a working knowledge of photographic basics who desire to explore this media in an outdoor environment. (Open to all majors)",
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      "PHOT 213",
      "ARCH 261"
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 361",
    "title": "Teton Digital: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) This is a field workshop in Grand Teton National Park using a camera to create digital images. Intended for individuals with a working knowledge of photographic basics who desire to explore this media in an outdoor environment. (Open to all majors)",
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      "PHOT 213",
      "ARCH 261"
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    "code": "PHOT 371",
    "title": "Portraiture: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Advanced portrait techniques, theory, and practice in studio and on location. Emphasis on creative exploration and application of a variety of styles in portraiture, such as informal, editorial, environmental, etc",
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      "PHOT 255",
      "PHOT 258"
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 373",
    "title": "Image & Text: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The applied study of image in combination with text and design to effectively communicate the intended message. InDesign software will be used for various print assignments culminating in a semester long magazine project",
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      "PHOT 258"
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 374",
    "title": "The Experimental B&W Darkroom: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The applied study of experimental photographic techniques with analog and digital capture and camera and cameraless imagery. All techniques will be output in a traditional silver gelatin darkroom",
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      "PHOT 255",
      "PHOT 258"
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    "code": "PHOT 395",
    "title": "Practicum: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Practical experience associated with research projects in photography Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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      "PHOT 255",
      "PHOT 258"
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 401",
    "title": "Contemporary Issues in Photography: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Critical exploration of the sociocultural impact of contemporary photography as a visual medium and its reflection and influence of humanity on a global scale. Discussions on photography as cultural phenomenon, documentation tool, personal expression, art form, and its effect on notions of gender, class, race, normalcy, nation, ethnicity, and beauty",
    "prerequisites": [
      "FILM 101IH"
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    "code": "PHOT 490R",
    "title": "Undergrad Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "On demand. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHOT 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Directed research and study on an individual basis. - Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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      "PHOT 255",
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. Topics offered at the upper division level that are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PHOT 255",
      "PHOT 258"
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 498",
    "title": "Career Internship: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() On demand. An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/phot-498",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000149",
    "code": "PHOT 499",
    "title": "Senior Production Photography: 5 Credits (5 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Senior capstone course. Independent production of a significant body of work in photography; extensive production combined with group critique and faculty consultation Repeatable up to 10 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/phot/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/phot-499",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 103IN",
    "title": "The Physics of How Things Work: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) A practical approach to a broad array of fundamental topics in physics for non-science majors taught by analyzing things that are used and observed in everyday life. Classroom demonstrations will provide the opportunity for in-class analysis, discussions, and hands-on activities. Physics principals will be used to scrutinize issues such as energy and recycling from economic and environmental perspectives. The latest technology in transportation, electronics, and energy production will be analyzed. The connection between basic research in physics and modern technology will be examined. Students will not receive credit if they have passed PHSX 205 , PHSX 220 , or PHSX 240",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/phsx/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 111CS",
    "title": "The World of Quantum Physics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Students will be introduced to quantum physics by exploring its intellectual development, philosophical implications, and impact on society. Important quantum physics experiments will be executed in the classroom and analyzed with instructor guidance. A term paper will require independent research of an historical figure in quantum physics",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/phsx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/phsx-111cs",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 200",
    "title": "Research Programs in Physics: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) An introduction to the ideas, developments, problems, and experiments of contemporary physics, as they are being explored within the Department of Physics at MSU. Intended as an opportunity for students to identify a potential research area and mentor for their Undergraduate Research course ( PHSX 490R )",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/phsx-200",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 201IN",
    "title": "Physics by Inquiry: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An in-depth exploration of basic physics principles. Scientific model building and proportional reasoning skills will be developed in the context of properties of matter, observational astronomy, and DC electric circuits. For pre-service elementary teachers.",
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    "code": "PHSX 205",
    "title": "College Physics I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) First semester of sequence. Topics include kinematics and dynamics of linear and rotational motion; work and energy; impulse and momentum; and fluids. Students will not receive credit if they have passed PHSX 220 or PHSX 240 . Common exams",
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    "code": "PHSX 207",
    "title": "College Physics II: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Second semester of sequence. Topics include simple harmonic motion; electric forces and fields; dc electric circuits; magnetic forces and fields; and magnetic induction and motors. Students will not receive credit if they have passed PHSX 222 or PHSX 242 . Common exams",
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      "gallatin-000216",
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    "code": "PHSX 220",
    "title": "Physics I with Calculus: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) First semester of a three-semester sequence primarily for engineering and physical science students. Covers topics in mechanics (such as motion, Newton's laws, conservation laws, work, energy, systems of particles, and rotational motion) and in mechanical waves (such as oscillations, wave motion, sound, and superposition). Common exams",
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    "code": "PHSX 222",
    "title": "Physics II with Calculus: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "PHSX 224",
    "title": "Physics III: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Covers topics in thermodynamics (such as temperature, heat, laws of thermodynamics, and the kinetic theory of gases) and modern physics (such as relativity; models of the atom; quantum mechanics; and atomic, molecular, solid state, nuclear, and particle physics)",
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      "PHSX 222",
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    "code": "PHSX 240",
    "title": "Honors Gen & Mod Phys I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "PHSX 242",
    "title": "Honors Gen & Mod Phys II: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Restricted to Physics majors or Honors students or consent of instructor. The honors section of PHSX 222 . The concepts are discussed in more depth and the range of applications is greater .",
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    "code": "PHSX 256",
    "title": "Solving Problems with Python: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Introduction to the Python programming language and computational problem solving with emphasis on realistic problems in the physical sciences. Recommended for students in all STEM fields",
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    "code": "PHSX 261",
    "title": "Laboratory Electronics I: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Laboratory electronic measurements, analysis, and design of basic DC and AC circuits. Students will gain experience with linear circuit elements, semiconductor devices, and operational amplifiers. Prior command of complex numbers and Fourier analysis, or concurrent enrollment in PHSX 301 is recommended",
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    "code": "PHSX 262",
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    "code": "PHSX 305RN",
    "title": "Art and Science of Holography: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Beginner's course on creating holograms. Pictorial and geometric interpretations of lasers, interference, coherence, film, and holography enable students with limited science and M backgrounds to create their own holographic masterpieces. Lab techniques and documenting the creative process are emphasized",
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    "code": "PHSX 317",
    "title": "Instrument Building for Scientists: 1 Credits (1 Lab)",
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    "code": "PHSX 320",
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    "description": "(F) Principles of Newtonian and Lagrangian mechanics including single particle motion, systems of particles, rigid body motion, moving coordinate systems, and small oscillations",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "PHSX 220",
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 331",
    "title": "Methods of Computational Physics: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the use of computational methods in physics. Emphasis will be placed on common methods of casting problems into forms amenable to numerical solution and for displaying numerical results. (1 cr. Lecture, 1cr. Recitation)",
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    "code": "PHSX 343",
    "title": "Modern Physics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Waves in classical physics and quantum mechanics: complex representation, amplitude mechanics, and interference; Special relativity: postulates, Lorentz transformations, applications in nuclear and particle physics; Quantum mechanics: interpretation of key experiments, Schrodinger equation, particles in potentials, spin, the atom; Introduction to nuclear and particle physics",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "PHSX 301"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 423",
    "title": "Electricity and Magnetism I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Electrostatic and magnetostatic fields due to simple charge and current distributions, forces on charges and currents due to those fields, basic analog circuits, conductivity and resistivity, and Maxwell's Equations as applied to electromagnetic induction and waves",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "PHSX 425",
    "title": "Electricity and Magnetism II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Electrostatic and magnetostatic fields and potentials in matter, electromagnetic conservation laws, propagation of electromagnetic waves in materials, potentials due to dynamic charge distributions, and electromagnetic radiation. This course is strongly recommended for students intending to study physics in graduate school",
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    "code": "PHSX 427",
    "title": "Advanced Optics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Emphasis is on new developments in optics triggered by the laser. Provides a good foundation in wave optics, nonlinear optics, integrated optics, and spectroscopy",
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      "gallatin-000216"
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    "code": "PHSX 437",
    "title": "Laser Applications: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() A survey of laser types and properties and applications for scientists and engineers who wish to use lasers in research or technology. Many demonstrations will be used to illustrate the principles",
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    "description": "() A treatment of the classification and electronic structure of solids. Properties of conductors, superconductors, insulators, and semiconductors will be discussed. This course is strongly recommended for students intending to study physics in graduate school",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000220"
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    "code": "PHSX 444",
    "title": "Advanced Physics Lab: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "PHSX 343"
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    "code": "PHSX 446",
    "title": "Thermodynamics & Statistical Mechanics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Statistical physics and thermodynamics and their applications to physical phenomena. This course is strongly recommended for students intending to study physics in graduate school and is a required course for the professional option",
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      "PHSX 224",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() A survey of elementary particle physics, beginning with an historical viewpoint and leading up to today's remarkably successful \"Standard Model\" of quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons",
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    "description": "(F) The wave function, the Schrodinger equation in 1-D, formalism and Dirac notation, and 3-D effects including the hydrogen atom. Prior command of PHSX 320 material is recommended",
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    "description": "(Sp) Identical particles, time independent perturbation theory, time dependent perturbation theory, and the variational principle",
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    "code": "PHSX 464",
    "title": "Current Topics in Space Physics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will provide fundamental knowledge of processes underpinning space physics, such as the dynamics of charged particles, their interaction with electromagnetic fields, and their collective behavior in plasma waves, and discuss various applications in space and astrophysical environments",
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    "code": "PHSX 490R",
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    "code": "PHSX 491",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHSX 492",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Max 6 cr. Directed study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PHSX 494",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Max 4 cr. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material. Co-convened with PHSX 594 Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 499R",
    "title": "Senior Capstone Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) Senior capstone course. Participation in this course requires the completion of a senior project that integrates the student's knowledge and skills acquired during the undergraduate curriculum. Students will be required to complete: i) an APS-style abstract, ii) an APS-style 10-minute oral presentation, iii) a poster session, and iv) a written research report, based on their research/creative activity",
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    "title": "Quantum Mechanics I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "() The purpose of this course is to prepare graduate students for thesis-level research in astrophysics, solar physics or related fields. Topics covered include: fluid mechanics, hydrodynamics, plasma physics, radiation processes and stability of equilibrium states",
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    "title": "Current Topics in Space Physics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) This course will provide fundamental knowledge of processes underpinning space physics, such as the dynamics of charged particles, their interaction with electromagnetic fields, and their collective behavior in plasma waves, and discuss various applications in space and astrophysical environments. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "title": "Mathematical Methods for Theoretical Physics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This course will cover some of the advanced mathematical techniques to deal with realistic physical systems that have multiple, sometimes infinite, degrees of freedom. The focus will be on using general principles of linear algebra, vector spaces, geometry, symmetry and topology, that play special role in modern physics",
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    "title": "Electric Circuits and Magnetism for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) This course is designed for educators teaching electricity and magnetism. Participants will master core concepts and increase their understanding of the underlying physics. Participants will also engage with concepts using guided home inquiry experiments and online simulations, quizzes, and discussions.",
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    "code": "PHSX 572",
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    "title": "Conceptual Physics for Teachers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Su) This course is designed for middle and high school teachers who are covering some of the basic ideas of physics in their classrooms. At the conceptual level, the course investigates many of the fundamental concepts of physics and their relevance to the world around you. Topics include measurement, motion, force, momentum, energy, power, gravitation, torque, rotational motion, simple harmonic motion, mechanical waves, and sound. Offered Summer. On-Line Only.",
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    "code": "PHSX 582",
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    "hours": null,
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    "title": "Physics by Inquiry: Light & Color for Teachers: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "title": "Physics by Inquiry: Heat & Temperature for Teachers: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "title": "Physics by Inquiry: Geometric Optics for Teachers: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "code": "PHSX 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their coursework (and thesis, if on a thesis plan) but who need additional faculty or staff time or help",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Master's standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "PHSX 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PHSX 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 594",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Course prerequisites as determined for each offering. Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 597",
    "title": "Physics of Sustainable Energy for Teachers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) During this course, high school physics teachers complete units centered on the physics of renewable energy sources and create standards aligned materials to use in their classrooms. Covered topics include fossil fuels, renewable energy, world energy consumption, sustainability, and more.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 689",
    "title": "Doctoral Reading & Research: 3-5 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used by doctoral students who are reading research publications in the field in preparation for beginning doctoral thesis research Repeatable up to 15 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000150",
    "code": "PHSX 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 100",
    "title": "Introduction to Photonics and Advanced Manufacturing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course gives an introduction/overview of photonics and manufacturing processes and covers the necessary background material for subsequent courses. The course discusses basic laboratory safety and ethics considerations, communication skills, basic technical mathematics, problem solving skills, and industry relevant software. The course includes visits to/from local companies for industry days that involve demonstrations and hand-on experiences introducing a sampling of the advanced topics introduced in this course.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 101",
    "title": "Fundamentals of Light and Lasers: 5 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Majors only. This course is designed to provide the foundation required to prepare technicians in the areas of optics, electro-optics, laser, and photonics. The course is designed for use as the introductory course in the A.A.S. program for Photonics and Laser Technology.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "his 14-week course gives an introduction/overview of photonics and manufacturing processes and covers the necessary background material for subsequent courses. The course discusses basic laboratory safety and ethics considerations, communication skills, basic technical mathematics, problem solving skills, and industry relevant software. The course includes several visits to/from local companies for industry days that involve demonstrations and hand-on experiences introducing a sampling of the advanced topics introduced in this course.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 201",
    "title": "Laser Systems and Applications I: 5 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course introduces the operation principles and characteristics of several different laser types and their practical applications. Lasers are a major subcategory of Photonics, therefore this is a required course for students enrolled in Gallatin College's A.A.S in Photonics and Laser Technology",
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      "PLTT 101"
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 202",
    "title": "Laser Systems and Applications II: 5 Credits (3 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The intent of this class is to build upon the concepts learned in PLTT201 and PLTT101 while deepening students' understanding of how to characterize laser sources and photonic detectors using more advanced metrology and measurement techniques of optical components and systems Repeatable up to 5 credits.",
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      "PLTT 101",
      "PLTT 201"
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    "id": "gallatin-000151",
    "code": "PLTT 298",
    "title": "Internship/Cooperative Education or Final Project: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "PLTT 201",
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    "code": "PLUM 170",
    "title": "Plumbing Codes: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is a study of the Uniform Plumbing Code for the State of Montana, its regulation of plumbing practices for environmental sanitation and public health, and the materials and installation methods used to minimize potential service and maintenance needs.",
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    "code": "PSCI 210IS",
    "title": "Introduction to American Government: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Examines the major institutions of national government and politics. Special emphasis on the constitution and other political rules of the game as shapers of public consciousness and government policy.",
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    "code": "PSCI 230D",
    "title": "Introduction to International Relations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) A survey of the major global issues and the means nation-states use to resolve them. The students will explore the concepts of sovereignty, the elements of power, and the global trends of regionalism and internationalism.",
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "PSCI 240",
    "title": "Introduction to Public Administration: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Implementation of public policy in American government. Topics include but are not limited to: bureaucratic politics, decision making, budgeting, personnel management, ethics, organization theory, and organization behavior.",
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    "code": "PSCI 250IH",
    "title": "Introduction to Political Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) This course offers an introduction to political theory as 1) a foundational subfield of Political Science, 2) a Western humanistic intellectual tradition, and 3) an interpretive “lens” through which we understand, and ethically evaluate the world that we live in. Our goal is to examine texts in their historical context, and to explore how we can use those texts and their insights to think critically about our contemporary political condition, values, practices and institutions – particularly about the state of “democracy” in America. Every political theory relies on certain assumptions about human nature and the arc of history, and if we accomplish one thing by the end of the semester it will be getting you to be able to read the world in terms of the implicit ideas about humanity and its history (and thus its future, or possible futures).",
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    "program_ids": [
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand for requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 302",
    "title": "Media and Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores role of the media in the political process with special emphasis on various print media, television, film, and cyberspace",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 310",
    "title": "Applied Political Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Provides an introduction to methods and techniques in quantitative political statistics. Topics covered range from levels of measurement and descriptive statistics to logistic regression, using political science data sets and examples",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 323",
    "title": "Modern Political Thought: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines issues of power, authority, legitimacy, community and freedom in the work of Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Mill, Marx, and Nietzsche, among others. Recommended prerequisite for PSCI 354 (Contemporary Political Thought) and PSCI 455 (Politics & Virtue.)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 250IH",
      "PSCI 354",
      "PSCI 455"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 331",
    "title": "International Relations Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Overview of the idealism versus realism debate during the first half of the twentieth century. Followed by theories formulated in the postwar period to study causes of war/conflict, problems of interdependence, and recent developments such as the end of the Cold War, global democratization, growing ethnic conflict, and a more active United Nations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 230D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 336",
    "title": "European Union: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Historical and contemporary analysis of political and economic integration in Europe with a focus on the political system of the European Union",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 210IS"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 337",
    "title": "Model United Nations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course introduces students to the workings of the global organization that is the United Nations. Students gain an understanding of international negotiations that unfold in the U.N. setting in the context of current international issues and events",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 230D"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 338",
    "title": "Comparative Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Comparative study of different types of governmental regimes, political systems, and political cultures throughout the world and the sources and consequences of these differences",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 230D"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 339",
    "title": "Culture and Ideology: The Development of the Modern Prison: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "It focuses on the relationships between cultures of penality, ideologies of race/gender/class, and the transnational emergence of a Prison Industrial Complex",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 250IH"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 341",
    "title": "Political Parties and Elections: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the structure and function of political parties, interest groups, and the mass media in the electoral process. Special emphasis on electoral rules and citizen participation from a comparative democratic perspective",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 210IS"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000205"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 346",
    "title": "American Presidency: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The American presidency as a government institution. Examination of the legal, political, administrative, and policy making roles of the president. Emphasis on recent issues of responsiveness to national needs and public accountability",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 210IS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000205"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-346",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 347",
    "title": "The U.S. Congress and the Legislative Process: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the U.S. Congress and it operation in a variety of settings. Broad themes such as representation, policy-making, checks and balances, and oversight are examined as is the evolution of Congress historically",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 210IS"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000205"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 348",
    "title": "Multicultural Politics in the United States: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the politics of diversity in the U.S., including national community, identity, citizenship, immigration, assimilation, and racial issues such as voting rights, affirmative action, segregation and integration, and public opinion",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-348",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 348D",
    "title": "Multicultural Politics in the United States: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the politics of diversity in the U.S., including national community, identity, citizenship, immigration, assimilation, and racial issues such as voting rights, affirmative action, segregation and integration, and public opinion",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 353",
    "title": "British Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) While the US and the UK share a common origin and philosophical heritage, their political systems have diverged since the revolution. This course investigates the similarities and differences in their political systems and the ramifications for politics and policy.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 354",
    "title": "Contemporary Issues in Political Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines questions of knowledge, discourse, power, and identity in the works of contemporary (often \"postmodern\") critics, including: Foucault, Althusser, Butler, de Beauvoir, Kuhn, Rorty, Rawls, Chomsky",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 250IH"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000205"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-354",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-354.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 356",
    "title": "Classical Political Thought: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Explores justice, virtue, freedom, and \"the good life\" (ethics). Texts include early Greek poetry, theatre, classic works by Plato and Aristotle, and some contemporary criticism. Recommended prerequisite for PSCI 354 (Contemporary Political Thought) and PSCI 455 (Politics & Virtue)",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 250IH",
      "PSCI 354",
      "PSCI 455"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000205"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-356.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 362",
    "title": "Natural Resource Policy: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Public lands policy and the economic and political issues that emerge. Special emphasis is placed on the National Parks and federal public lands of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 240"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000226"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psci/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-362",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-362.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 390R",
    "title": "Research Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This includes: PSCI 210IS , PSCI 230D , PSCI 240 , and PSCI 250 and junior standing. This course introduces students to the qualitative and quantitative research methods used in the social sciences generally and political science",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSCI 210IS",
      "PSCI 230D",
      "PSCI 240",
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    "title": "Public Policy Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 418",
    "title": "The Politics of War & Peace: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 429",
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    "code": "PSCI 442",
    "title": "Environmental Policy and Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 445",
    "title": "Political Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 446",
    "title": "Congressional Campaign: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 447",
    "title": "Politics of Community Development: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 449",
    "title": "The Politics of Climate Change: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 451",
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    "code": "PSCI 454",
    "title": "Cinema and Political Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Explores the intersection of political theory with topics such as civil society, bureaucracy and public policy through the use of film. Special attention given to both descriptive and prescriptive applications of modern and contemporary political theory to these topics",
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    "code": "PSCI 455",
    "title": "Politics & Virtue: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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      "PSCI 323",
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    "code": "PSCI 461",
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    "description": "This course serves as an introduction to the legal and procedural environment of public administration. Students will explore the legislation and case law associated with contemporary administrative law in order to understand its impact on administrative practices and democratic governance",
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    "code": "PSCI 465",
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    "code": "PSCI 470",
    "title": "Rural Politics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 471",
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    "description": "Explores the relationship between law, individual rights, and public policy. Legal research and case law approach are stressed. Topics will include, but are not limited to, the aspects of the Bill of Rights and the 14th and 15th Amendments",
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    "code": "PSCI 483",
    "title": "The Politics of Authoritarianism: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSCI 490R",
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    "description": "Students propose, develop, and complete an individual research project under the direction of a faculty mentor. Written and oral presentation of the results are expected. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PSCI 491",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSCI 492",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PSCI 494",
    "title": "Seminar/Workshop: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSCI 498",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PSCI 499",
    "title": "Senior Project/Thesis: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Senior capstone course. Required course for graduation. Students examine the major concerns and issues in the discipline of political science in a mentored research project Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "PSCI 520",
    "title": "Government Leadership & Ethics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course exposes students, using the most current theoretical and empirical literature, to the essential competencies need for ethical management and leadership roles in public and non-profit organizations",
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    "code": "PSCI 525",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students, through a combination of lecture, discussion, written work (essays and project reports) and, where possible, service learning opportunities, will develop both an understanding of the role and operation of nonprofit organizations, as well as a sense of the function they serve in the wider community.",
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    "code": "PSCI 530",
    "title": "Tools of Public Administration: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSCI 551",
    "title": "Quantitative Research Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp, Su) The quantitative research process as a means of acquiring knowledge that is reliable and relevant to the making of public management decisions and engaging in public leadership",
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    "code": "PSCI 552",
    "title": "Public Policy Processes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course explores the major theories of public policy development and implementation",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psci-552",
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    "code": "PSCI 553",
    "title": "Qualitative Research Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) The qualitative research process as a means of acquiring knowledge that is reliable and relevant to the making of public management decisions and engaging in public leadership",
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    "code": "PSCI 554",
    "title": "Foundations of Public Administration: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to the theoretical, historical, intellectual foundations of public administration and the relationship between public administration theory and practice, the political context and the intellectual heritage of the field. Examines basic functions and processes of public administration, the relationship between public administration and contemporary issues of governance facing the public sector",
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    "code": "PSCI 558",
    "title": "Public Organization Dynamics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A survey of organization theory in governance organizations. The class explores major theories of organization and their contribution to effective organization performance",
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    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 559",
    "title": "Program Evaluation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) A survey of methods of program evaluation and policy analysis for public programs. Quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis are contrasted. Implementation, utilization, and political context of the analysis and evaluation process are examined. Philosophical and ethical issues underlying alternative methods are explored",
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    "code": "PSCI 560",
    "title": "Ethics and Public Service: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course explores ethics as applied to issues in public service and policy making through theoretical and case study approaches",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 575",
    "title": "Directed Professional Research Project: 3-6 Credits (3-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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      "PSCI 553"
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    "id": "gallatin-000153",
    "code": "PSCI 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSPP 642",
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    "code": "PSYX 110IS",
    "title": "Honors Intro to Psychology: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "PSYX 194",
    "title": "Psychology Pathways: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An introduction for new students to the contemporary areas of Psychology, professional pathways, and applications of Psychology.",
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    "code": "PSYX 222",
    "title": "Psychological Statistics: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "For Psychology majors and minors only. Prerequisites are strictly enforced. Introduction to the design and analysis of psychological research. Topics include logic and philosophy of psychological research, conceptualizing research questions, hypothesis testing, data collection and analysis strategies used by researchers in psychology, and introduction to using statistical software for data analysis",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "code": "PSYX 225",
    "title": "Research Design and Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "For Psychology majors and minors only. Continuation of PSYX 222 . Topics include experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental designs and methodological issues; assessing research questions; reliability and validity of psychological measures; ethics of psychological research; writing research reports; using statistical software for data analysis",
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    "code": "PSYX 230",
    "title": "Developmental Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Human development across the lifespan using major theories of development including psychoanalytic, psychosocial, learning, and cognitive. Physical, cognitive, social, emotional, and personality development are explored from conception to death",
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      "gallatin-000227"
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 235D",
    "title": "Contemporary Issues in Human Sexuality: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Issues of diversity and difference in human sexuality will be examined. The development and expression of sexual behavior as a complex sociocultural, biological, psychological, and historic phenomenon will be discussed. Course will examine sexual behavior and identity in both the majority culture and other cultures in the U.S. and world",
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    "code": "PSYX 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "description": "Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a written work or other creative project. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSYX 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PSYX 333",
    "title": "Psychology of Aging: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Surveys different domains in which human behavior is influenced by aging. Topics include the influence of age on cognitive processes (e.g., attention and memory), social processes (e.g., personality and wellbeing), and biological processes (e.g., brain-related changes). Aging interventions and optimal aging are also discussed",
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      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS"
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      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "PSYX 335",
    "title": "Psychology of Gender: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Traditional and feminist perspectives on psychological needs and concerns specific to women, including gender stereotyping and beliefs, cognitive differences between the sexes, psychological disorders common to women, women's sexuality; and cultural and biological roles and norms",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 340",
    "title": "Psychological Disorders: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Historical and current perspectives on psychopathology, including neuroscience, behavioral cognitive, psychodynamic, and humanistic/existential approaches. Traditional approaches and recent innovations in therapy and diagnosis are considered along with current diagnostic categories, especially DSM",
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      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "PSYX 350",
    "title": "Physiological Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to the biological bases of behavior; brief review of functional neuroanatomy and physiology in relation to such topics as sensation, movement, motivation, emotion, sleep, learning and memory, consciousness, and abnormal behavior",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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      "gallatin-000227"
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    "code": "PSYX 352",
    "title": "Comparative Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PSYX 350 - Physiological Psychology is preferred, but not required. This course focuses on the psychological study of animal behavior, including human behavior. Application of previously-learned statistical and methodological techniques to answer questions about animal behavior. Topics covered include communication, learning, aggression, play, and mating behavior",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "PSYX 350"
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 354",
    "title": "Sensation & Perception: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Basic principles of sensory systems (with emphasis on the visual system), contemporary psychophysical procedures, and principles of perception",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 358",
    "title": "Drugs and Behavior: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines the biological mechanisms drugs have on the body, brain, and behavior at low and high doses with an introduction to theoretical models of abuse and research behind the treatment of addiction. Includes a brief overview of the history of drugs and biological mechanisms necessary in understanding the functions of neurons, synapses, and functional brain regions",
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      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 360",
    "title": "Social Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Experimental research and theoretical viewpoints in social psychology, including such topics as: interpersonal attraction, perception, aggression, attitudes and attitude change, altruism, group behavior, social influence, stereotypes and prejudice, and the self",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "PSYX 370",
    "title": "Psychology of Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines basic principles and theories of learning and motivation. Classical and operant conditioning, discrimination learning, incentive motivation, reward and punishment, and concept learning",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 375",
    "title": "Behavior Modification: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Human behavior change with emphasis on practical techniques for changing individual and group behavior in real-life situations",
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    "code": "PSYX 380",
    "title": "Memory & Cognition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSYX 382",
    "title": "Forensic Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines the many areas of forensic psychology, or the application of psychological concepts and theories to the legal system. This interface will be explored with an emphasis on empirical research findings from cognitive, social, experimental, and clinical psychology. Topics covered will include the variety of roles that psychologists play in the criminal justice system; the identification and evaluation of criminal suspects; the accuracy of eyewitness memory; the process of jury selection and decision-making; mental illness, competency to stand trial, and the insanity defense; criminal sentencing; and offender rehabilitation",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 383",
    "title": "Health Psychology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduction to health psychology, the scientific study of biological, behavioral, psychological, and social factors that impact the systems of the body and affect health. Helps prepare students for a variety of careers in helping professions, in addition to helping them to understand how the behaviors and psychological functioning of individuals are interlaced with physical health",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "code": "PSYX 384",
    "title": "Consciousness: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theories and evidence concerning consciousness and altered states of consciousness, including dreaming, meditation, hypnosis, sensory deprivation, psychoactive drug effects, temporal experience, psychic phenomena, and related topics",
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      "PSYX 110IS",
      "PSYX 350"
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    "code": "PSYX 385",
    "title": "Psychology of Personality: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Theories and evidence on processes that underlie consistent and enduring differences in behavior, cognition, and affect. Topics include emotion, motivation, temperament, inner experience, identity and the self, personality change, the influence of sociocultural context, and related topics",
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      "PSYX 110IS"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 401",
    "title": "Advanced Research Design & Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "prerequisites": [
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      "PSYX 402",
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    "code": "PSYX 402",
    "title": "Advanced Design/Statistics I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) This is the first course in a sequence on advanced research design and statistical analysis in psychological science. Topics include designs, methodological issues, hypothesis testing, basic (e.g., t-tests, ANOVA) and advanced statistical tests (e.g., factorial ANOVAs, ANCOVA, and Multiple Regression). This is the first course in Advanced Research Design and Analysis. The second is PSYX 501 . Co-convened with PSYX 502",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 222",
      "PSYX 225",
      "PSYX 501",
      "PSYX 502"
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 462",
    "title": "Psychology of Prejudice: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Reviews theory and research on prejudice. Topics include stereotyping and discrimination, cognitive and affective dynamics of prejudice, causes of prejudice, eliminating prejudice, affirmative action and diversity programs, and psychological effects of prejudice",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 463",
    "title": "Social Cognition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Addresses how fundamental cognitive processes (e.g., concept activation, attention, memory) influence social behavior and thought. Topics include impression formation, mental simulations of alternative realities, nonconscious mental processes, subliminal stimuli, mental representations, stereotypes, and heuristics and biases",
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      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 475",
    "title": "Advanced Behavior Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advanced Behavior Analysis is designed to deepen students' understanding of antecedent stimuli, behaviors, and consequences. Functional behavioral assessments. systems for increasing appropriate behavior, and ways of promoting generalization will be described. Ethical considerations of Applied Behavioral Analysts will be discussed",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS",
      "PSYX 370"
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 477",
    "title": "Science of Psych Well-Being: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The Science of Psychological Well-Being examines topics under the rubric of Positive Psychology. Positive psychology focuses upon identifying, researching, and promoting the development of human strengths, thereby shifting the focus in psychology from psychopathology to human growth and potential",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS"
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-477",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 481",
    "title": "Judgment & Decision Making: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theories and evidence on the psychology of judgment and decision making, including rationality, normative rules for choice, irrationality of some human judgments, and group decision making. Applications of decision theory at the personal, organizational, and societal levels are reviewed",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS",
      "PSYX 380"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000218"
    ],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 482",
    "title": "Psycholinguistics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the psychological processes that make it possible for humans to learn and acquire language. Emphases on how spoken and written language is understood, how speech is produced, and how language is acquired",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS",
      "PSYX 110IS",
      "PSYX 380"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-482",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 483",
    "title": "Psychology of Death and Dying: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Examines death, dying, and bereavement from a psychological perspective, incorporating sociocultural practices, lifespan development, and the cognitive and behavioral impact of mortality, with attention to contemporary and ethical issues surrounding death",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-483",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 225"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-490r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-492",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics in current Psychological Science offered at the upper division level that are not covered by cataloged courses. Topics vary each semester. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material based on primary journal articles Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 100IS"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-494",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-494.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 495",
    "title": "Field Pract in Applied Psy: 3-12 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Field Practicum gives psychology majors direct experience in applied settings relevant to psychology. Students arrange an internship and submit progress reports summarizing their field experience while relating it to psychological principles and readings. Graded A – F Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 225"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-495",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 499R",
    "title": "Senior Thesis/Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Senior capstone course. Written and oral presentation of senior thesis work",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 225",
      "PSYX 490R",
      "PSYX 495"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-499r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 501",
    "title": "Adv Rsch Design & Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Advanced topics in the design and analysis of psychological research",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 502"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-501",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 502",
    "title": "Advanced Design/Stat I: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) This is the first course in a sequence on advanced research design and statistical analysis in psychological science. Topics include designs, methodological issues, hypothesis testing, basic (e.g., t-tests, ANOVA), and advanced statistical tests (e.g., factorial ANOVAs, ANCOVA). This is the first course in Advanced Research Design and Analysis. The second is PSYX 501 . Co-convened with PSYX 402",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 222",
      "PSYX 501",
      "PSYX 402"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-502",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 503",
    "title": "Structural Equation Models: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Introduces students to the theoretical perspectives and practical application of Structural Equation Modeling (e.g., latent variable analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, and causal modeling) as applied in Psychological Science and builds upon student’s previous knowledge of multivariate statistical techniques",
    "prerequisites": [
      "PSYX 501",
      "PSYX 502"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/psyx/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/psyx-503",
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  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 505",
    "title": "Psychology of Teaching and Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 510",
    "title": "Topics in Psychological Science: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 539",
    "title": "Physiological Processes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Overview of research methods and relevant aspects of neurophysiology, neuroanatomy and neuropharmacology. Applications of prior work to the problem of discovery in biopsychology",
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    "code": "PSYX 541",
    "title": "Cognitive Processes: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Theories, methods, findings, and applications concerning memory and cognitive processes",
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    "code": "PSYX 542",
    "title": "Learning: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 543",
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    "code": "PSYX 544",
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    "code": "PSYX 546",
    "title": "Social Cognition: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 562",
    "title": "Psychology of Prejudice, Stereotypes, Discrimination and Stigma: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Advanced theoretical, experimental and applied research emphasizes distinctions among stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, and stigma. Theories, methods, and findings from classic and modern day scholars are used to understand the who, when, and why people are prejudice and the impacts on and experiences of the stigmatized",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 575",
    "title": "Professional Paper and Project: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A research or professional paper dealing with a topic in the field. The topic must have been mutually agreed upon by the student and his or her major advisor and graduate committee Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "PSYX 584",
    "title": "Stress and Health: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The lectures and discussions will be focused on the multidirectional relationships between psychological stress, biological processes, behavior and the social environment.",
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    "code": "PSYX 589",
    "title": "Graduate Consultation: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course may be used only by students who have completed all of their course work (and thesis, if on a thesis option) for a master's degree but who need additional faculty help or time",
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    "id": "gallatin-000155",
    "code": "PSYX 590",
    "title": "Master's Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 591",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "code": "PSYX 594",
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    "code": "PSYX 689",
    "title": "Doctoral Reading & Research: 3-5 Credits (3-5 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "PSYX 692",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 100",
    "title": "Res Build Perf Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Taught in a discussion format, students learn critical thinking skills and explore issues in building science. Students will research career paths and industry certifications. This course serves as an orientation to MSU and the degree with a short, optional field experience. Intended for students in the Residential Building Performance program.",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 103",
    "title": "Wx Installer Tech Fund: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of weatherization measure, standards, and residential building performance practices including building science basics and the house as a system. Additionally is introduces basic health safety issues and heating systems and mechanical codes.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rbpf/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-103.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 104",
    "title": "Weatherization Installer Tech: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of weatherization measures, standards, and residential building performance practices including building science basics and the house as a system",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-104",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 110",
    "title": "App Energy Effic Math: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students in this course will learn about topics in applied mathematics (heat transfer, air changes per hour, HVAC sizing, etc.) directly connected to weatherization and energy efficiency.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-110",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-110.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 116",
    "title": "Energy App Health & Safety: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Energy Applied Health and Safety provides students with a knowledge of energy related molds, combustion gases, building air tightness, lead based paint, asbestos and other risks associated with improving the energy of existing homes.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-116",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 121",
    "title": "Insulation Sys & App: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The student will learn types, performance and applications of interior and exterior residential insulation systems.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-121",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 124",
    "title": "Res Green Design Build: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of energy efficient residential building concepts including building design, composition, materials, and orientation. The purpose of the course is to provide a foundation for understanding green building systems and processes.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rbpf/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-124",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-124.md"
  },
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    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 134",
    "title": "Single Family Engy Audit: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic guidelines fpr Energy Auditors in Single Family Homes as well as math basics, building assessment strategies, and work order procedures",
    "prerequisites": [
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rbpf/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-134",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 140",
    "title": "Heat Sys Engy Aud & Inspectors: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic guidelines for evaluating heating systems as an Energy Auditor. Low pressure boilers, forced air furnaces, and sealed combustion system analysis are the main focus of this course",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-140",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 160",
    "title": "Building Performance Software: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of various options for Energy Audit and Building Performance Software concentrating on evaluating homes and gathering required data for input",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-160",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 170",
    "title": "Renewable Energy Concepts: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an overview of installation and maintenance of renewable energies including wind, solar (pv), geothermal, and solar hot water",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-170",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 181",
    "title": "Combustion Appliances: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "description": "propane appliances, furnaces, RV heating boilers, etc. Also covered is how to perform inspections, health and safety, and installation considerations. This course is recommended for students who are interested in the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) track",
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      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rbpf/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-181",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 189",
    "title": "Bldg Perform Indust Cert Prep: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Each certification possibility will be explored regarding prerequisites, required experience, knowledge requirements, practical skills, and employment possibilities",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-189",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 198",
    "title": "RBP Program Internship: 4 Credits (4 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a course available for Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) employees who are currently enrolled at Gallatin College and are working in a Weatherization Office for Human Resource Development Council. It is also available to contractors working currently in building performance",
    "prerequisites": [
      "RBPF 100"
    ],
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-198",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000156",
    "code": "RBPF 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rbpf/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rbpf-292",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 100D",
    "title": "Intro to the Study of Religion: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The great themes of the world's religions and the methodological approaches to the academic study of religion and culture.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-100d",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-100d.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 201",
    "title": "Islam: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The textual traditions and historical forms of Islam will be studied from literary, historical, archaeological, and/or cultural perspectives.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-201",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 202D",
    "title": "Hindu Traditions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The sacred texts and the historical forms of religious thought and practice in the traditions of India.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-202d",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-202d.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 203D",
    "title": "Buddhist Traditions: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The sacred texts and images of the religious thought and practices in the traditions of China, Korea, India, Southeast Asia, and/or Japan.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000223",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-203d",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 204IH",
    "title": "Intro to the Hebrew Bible: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) and its interpreters will be studied from literary, historical, archaeological, anthropological, and cultural perspectives.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-204ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-204ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 205IH",
    "title": "Introduction to New Testament: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The New Testament and it interpreters will be studied from literary, historical, archaeological, anthropological, and cultural perspectives.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/rlst/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-205ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/rlst-205ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000157",
    "code": "RLST 207IH",
    "title": "Myth and Belief: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "The study of religion through story and image from their early contexts to their re-imagined forms. We will examine riddles such as myth and metaphor within a demythologized or literal worldview. We will apply and critique theorists of myth and of metaphor to topics such as the monster or the trickster, and to themes such as cosmogony or metamorphosis.",
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    "code": "RLST 217IH",
    "title": "Religion, Sci & Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "The interdisciplinary course investigates models for interpreting the relationship of religion, science, and nature using cultural, textual, and historical approaches. The purpose of this course is neither to examine nor to critique the conclusions of scientific work; neither is it a course in theology nor a testing ground for faith.",
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    "code": "RLST 223IH",
    "title": "Sacrifice, Rite & Ritual: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The course explores how nature may be an idea shaped by cultural influences or worldviews. Analyses will include perspectives on myth, scientific theories, technologies, gender, geography, history and politics, film, literary and visual studies.",
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    "code": "RLST 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "RLST 321",
    "title": "Religion and Gender: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Investigation of metaphors and myths of gender and world cultures",
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    "code": "RLST 325",
    "title": "Religion and Literature: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "This course explores the intersection of religion with literary and other narrative cultures, with a focus on close reading and the interpretation of texts",
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    "code": "RLST 326",
    "title": "Topics in Religion: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Charismatic individuals, whether they found, reform, or depart from existing tradition, are an important feature of religion worldwide. This course examines such persons from different disciplinary perspectives. Topics may include guru culture; religion and colonialism; mystical experience and more",
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    "code": "RLST 330",
    "title": "Religion of Ancient Egypt: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Survey of Egyptian culture, religion, and society from the beginning of the history of a unified kingdom of ancient Egypt in the middle of the third millennium BCE through the Hellenestic conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great",
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    "code": "RLST 402",
    "title": "Natural/Unnatural/Supernatural: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course considers how secular and religious thinkers have defined the supernatural and distinguished it from the natural world, with attention to the contemporary implications of debates about supernaturalism",
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    "code": "RLST 405",
    "title": "Text and Image: 4 Credits (3 Lec, 1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "From iconoclasts to bibliophiles, religion has remained deeply entangled in matters of text and image. This course situates religion within the interdisciplinary study of visual, material, and media cultures using theoretical, cultural studies, anthropological, art historical, and/or literary approaches",
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    "code": "RLST 410",
    "title": "What is Religion?: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course is a cross cultural investigation of the ideas of personhood, including theories of the individual, the social, the body, and the transpersonal and transtemporal",
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    "code": "RLST 491",
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    "code": "RLST 499RH",
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    "description": "Religious Studies majors will explore significant themes relevant to the academic study of religion, using advanced research techniques, appropriate bibliographic tools, and in-depth analysis of historical, literary, theoretical, and/or visual sources",
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    "id": "gallatin-000158",
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    "id": "gallatin-000158",
    "code": "RS 406",
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    "id": "gallatin-000158",
    "code": "RS 416",
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    "description": "(Sp) This course will explore the theory and process of systems thinking and how it can be applied to ranching systems. Students will gain experience identifying issues on ranches, distilling them into the basics for analysis, and understanding the interrelations of seemingly separate functions. The course will focus on common archetypes found in ranching systems and ways to intervene in these archetypes to improve land health, livestock performance, economic returns and overall ranch sustainability. Offered spring",
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    "id": "gallatin-000158",
    "code": "RS 498",
    "title": "Ranching Systems Finances and Planning Internship: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) Summer internship on a working ranch with emphasis on economics and enterprise level planning. Learn about identifying and tracking key economic indicators and how to conduct systems planning for ranches. Focus on production agriculture, rangeland ecology and management, forage production, conservation, ranch planning, decision making, economic indicators, and enterprise budgeting. Offered summer",
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      "RS 306",
      "RS 316"
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    "id": "gallatin-000159",
    "code": "SFBS 146",
    "title": "Introduction to Sustainable Food and Bioenergy Systems: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000159",
    "code": "SFBS 295",
    "title": "Practicum: Food Upcycling for Community Food Security: 2 Credits (1 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students engage in hands-on food upcycling by transforming surplus food into nutritious meals for local food security programs. The course emphasizes practical skills, community partnerships, and critical thinking around food waste, hunger, and sustainable solutions within local food systems",
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    "title": "Practicum: Towne's Harvest: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "code": "SFBS 298",
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    "code": "SFBS 327",
    "title": "Ethnobotany: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Students will learn natural and social science tools to measure innovation in food systems. Training will be provided on experimental design as well as data collection, analysis and dissemination. Research methods will draw from agro-ecology, botany, cultural anthropology and nutrition",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SFBS 296",
      "SFBS 298"
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    "code": "SFBS 346",
    "title": "Sustainable Food and Bioenergy Systems Summer Field Course: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) An overnight field trip to 3-4 regional farms, businesses, or agricultural research centers, a pre-trip meeting and a post-trip reflection assignment. Students will navigate rural areas, interact with local business people and farmers, and experience challenges to pre-existing assumptions about the nature of food production Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "SFBS 429",
    "title": "Small Business and Entrepreneurship in Food and Health: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Focuses on business, marketing, and management skills for small food-system ventures. Through team projects developing a product, business plan, pitch deck, and cash flow projections, students integrate sustainability and systems thinking and reflect on enhancing enterprise success and societal outcomes",
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      "gallatin-000195",
      "gallatin-000226"
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    "title": "Culinary Marketing: Farm/Table: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Su) Emphasizes hands-on food experience, including market garden tending and harvesting, distribution by community supported agriculture, food marketing and retail at farmers' markets, culinary practice with seasonal garden produce and food preservation, educational outreach and culinary demonstrations, and independent research projects",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "NUTR 226",
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      "NUTR 322"
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    "code": "SFBS 451R",
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    "description": "(Sp) This cross-disciplinary course examines the connections among the food industry, agriculture, and the environment and considers the sustainability of food choices. Students gain a systems perspective on nutrition problems while completing a research project aimed at providing actionable insights for practitioners",
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    "id": "gallatin-000159",
    "code": "SFBS 452",
    "title": "State of the Food Environment: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) To better understand the United States food environment, this course presents food system policies, how they are measured, and their implications. Students will explore key issues in the food environment that influence national health, including policies on food and nutrition assistance programs, food prices, food access, food safety, land-use planning, and the Farm Bill",
    "prerequisites": [
      "NUTR 351",
      "NUTR 301"
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    "id": "gallatin-000159",
    "code": "SFBS 466",
    "title": "Food System Resilience: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course uses an examination of case studies to build a theoretical foundation of resilience thinking, including adaptive capacity, management, complexity, thresholds, regime shifts, transformation, and vulnerability. Application of resilience thinking to production and consumption include an examination of adaptive management and global environmental change as well as food security and dietary transitions. The socio-ecological determinants of resilience will be identified to design adaptable food systems that support environmental and human health in the context of global change",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SFBS 296",
      "SFBS 298",
      "NUTR 221CS"
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research/creative activity which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "title": "Social Movements: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "title": "Rural Sociology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Introduces basic concepts of human ecology and focuses on basic patterns of social life in urban areas and their effect on the society and culture which can be expressed by the individual. The urban area is presented in its communal, ecological and morphological aspects including planning for the future",
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    "code": "SOCI 357",
    "title": "Occupational/Corporate Crime: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "A sociological analysis of crimes committed by individuals within the work place and by corporations. Addressed are the extent of the problems, social costs, legal responses, and theoretical perspectives assessing the etiology of such crimes",
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    "description": "(F) This course will examine the complexities of crime prevention in the United States. Criminological theory will be applied to examine current crime prevention strategies. In addition, this course will emphasize the importance of program evaluation as it relates to the implementation of crime prevention programs",
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    "description": "An in-depth exploration of differing perspectives on health, medicine, practitioners, and healthcare systems with a focus on how gender, race/ethnicity, and social class affect health care systems, policies, practice and individual experiences of health and illness",
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    "code": "SOCI 401",
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    "code": "SOCI 414",
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    "code": "SOCI 420",
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    "description": "This course offers a comprehensive explanation of the nature of violent crime and its social control in America. We will explore a number of different types of violence, including homicide, rape, assault, domestic violence, child abuse, robbery, and terrorism",
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    "code": "SOCI 423",
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    "description": "Examination of the nature and extent of corrections in the Unites States as well as the purposes, structures, and procedures of penal sanctioning and the institutional systems of correction. Emphasis on historical developments and current trends and issues in corrections",
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    "code": "SOCI 425",
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    "code": "SOCI 433",
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    "code": "SOCI 435",
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    "description": "Analysis of law, legal processes, and legal and quasi-legal institutions from sociological and philosophical perspectives. Some issues that are addressed include the functions of the law in modern society, the issue of the law's power (or impotence) in the everyday, and the law's violence. -",
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    "code": "SOCI 436",
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    "description": "This course addresses the problem of social inequality by examining the contradictory ways in which the law may be used as both an instrument of social change and as a medium to formalize and solidify social inequality",
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    "code": "SOCI 437",
    "title": "Communities & Crime: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "This course examines the ways in which crime and violence are concentrated in certain neighborhoods and communities. The course overviews relevant theoretical models, the spatial concentration of crime, and informal and formal efforts to combat crime at the neighborhood level",
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    "code": "SOCI 444",
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    "description": "(F) A sociological examination of human trafficking and erotic labor (e.g., sex work, pornography, escorting) within both the US and global context. Emphasis on historical conceptualizations of sex, work, gender, and crime as they impact contemporary understandings and subsequent interventions of both sex work and trafficking",
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    "code": "SOCI 448",
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    "code": "SOCI 455",
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    "code": "SOCI 470",
    "title": "Environmental Sociology: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "The study of spatial and temporal arrangements of human population. The relationship of human society, natural resources, and constructed environments. A review of the contemporary environmental movement",
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    "code": "SOCI 485",
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    "code": "SOCI 490R",
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    "description": "Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "SOCI 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "SOCI 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000161",
    "code": "SOCI 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business, or other organization to provide guided experience in the field. See departmental qualification standards for internships Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "SOCI 499",
    "title": "Senior Thesis Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Senior capstone course. The application of theory and methods in the development of an integrated framework for understanding and explaining issues of current concern. Verbal and written presentation of research paper",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "SOCI 318R",
      "SOCI 311",
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    "code": "SOCI 591",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "SOCI 592",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "code": "SOCI 594",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Topics offered at the graduate level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "code": "SPNS 101",
    "title": "Elementary Spanish I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Placement required. An elementary level course designed to help students acquire basic proficiency in communicating within culturally significant contexts. An integrated approach to teaching language skills with emphasis on vocabulary acquisition and basic grammatical structures",
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      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "SPNS 102D",
    "title": "Elementary Spanish II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) This course builds upon the foundation established in 101 to further develop proficiency in communicating in Spanish within culturally significant contexts. An integrated approach to teaching language skills with emphasis on vocabulary acquisition and basic grammatical structures",
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      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "SPNS 193",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "SPNS 196",
    "title": "Service/Experiential Learning: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Service or experiential learning through departmental outreach initiatives or faculty-led study abroad programs.",
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    "code": "SPNS 201D",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Intensive, methodical review of grammar and syntax combined with the integrated development of proficiency in the four language skills. Expansion of cultural knowledge and functional vocabulary through intermediate-level readings and discussions. Increased emphasis on written communication",
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "SPNS 202D",
    "title": "Intermediate Spanish II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Designed to follow the third semester review of grammar and basic skills. Taught through a series of carefully selected readings in Hispanic culture, civilization, and literature which will provide the basis for writing essays and reports and developing advanced language skills",
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      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "code": "SPNS 250",
    "title": "Spanish for Healthcare Professionals: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Prepares undergraduates to converse with Spanish-speaking patients and develop cultural competency. Emphasis on conversation/grammar necessary during medical interviews, cultural aspects of Latino health care, interviewing in Spanish. Includes guest speakers, real-world situations, and discussion of current issues",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "SPNS 293",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "code": "SPNS 296",
    "title": "Service/Experiential Learning: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Service or experiential learning through departmental outreach initiatives or faculty-led study abroad programs.",
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    "code": "SPNS 301",
    "title": "Oral and Written Expression in Cultural Contexts: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Development of oral and written skills with an emphasis on Hispanic cultural context",
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      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 302",
    "title": "Spanish Oral & Written Expression II: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Further development of oral and written skills with an emphasis on Hispanic cultural context",
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      "SPNS 301"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000209"
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    "code": "SPNS 305",
    "title": "Spanish Phonetics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Introduction to the analysis of the Spanish sound system (Phonetics and Phonology). Topics will include the physiology of sound production, phonemics, phonetic transcription, rules of syllabification and accentuation, among others. One of the goals of the course will be to improve students' pronunciation of Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 102D"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 313",
    "title": "Don Quijote: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "In this course, students read and discuss the themes and issues that the novel explores and how they relate to modern society. The reading and discussion of the novel will also be used as a means of building vocabulary and increasing students' proficiency in Spanish.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 201D"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 320",
    "title": "Spanish Culture & Civilization: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is a history and art history course on Spain that begins in the pre-historical period and ends in the early twentieth century. Students learn about the most famous and consequential events that make Spain the country it is today. Material heritage is taught as the “visible history,” from the cave paintings of Altamira, the dolmens and menhirs scattered throughout the peninsula, and Roman ruins. And architecture (another form of material heritage) is also taught as visible history, beginning with Arabic palaces and Christian medieval churches and cathedrals through the Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassic, Art Nouveau, and ending in the Rationalist period. The course is taught to a considerable extent in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 323",
    "title": "Advanced Spanish Grammar & Pronunciation: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) In-depth review of problem areas in grammar, complete review of the verb system, and a practical study of Spanish sounds. This class is designed to provide prospective teachers and advanced students with an understanding of the function of Spanish grammar",
    "prerequisites": [
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    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 324",
    "title": "Spanish:Adv Conversat and Comp: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Development and refinement of advanced oral and writing skills, intensive practice in expository and imaginative composition, review of idiomatic expressions, and vocabulary expansion",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 327",
    "title": "Contemporary Spain & Nations: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course examines both history and contemporary issues of Spain. One of the course’s main objectives is for students to understand the present more effectively by learning Spanish history. The course moves chronologically: The Second Republic (1931-1936), the Civil War (1936-1939), the Franco dictatorship (1939-1977), the transition to democracy (1975-1982), the successive governments up to the present, and key events such as the attempted coup d’état in 1981, the al-Qaida terrorist attack of 2004, the financial crisis of 2008, the ongoing exhumations of common graves with the bodies of Republicans murdered by the fascists, etc. After the historical segment, which takes up roughly one half of the semester, the course examines masculine violence against women and the LGBTQ community’s achievements and ongoing challenges. The last month of the class explores Spain’s three peripheral nations—Basque Country, Catalonia, and Galicia—and one week is dedicated to learning Galician. From the beginning to the end of the semester, certain days will be dedicated to examining contemporary events, which are usually political in nature. The online Spanish newspapers will be the main source and there is also a strong audiovisual component. Throughout the semester students will watch—outside of class—Spanish movies and short videos that represent the history and social issues covered in the course. Finally, although the professor will teach the course in Spanish, English will be allowed bo",
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      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 329",
    "title": "Early Cultures of Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Department of Modern Languages.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 330",
    "title": "Modern Cultures Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Readings, lectures and discussions in Spanish. This course examines the historical, social, and ideological aspects of modern Latin American culture. Taught in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 332",
    "title": "Contemp Latin Amer Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of the major authors, works, and literary movements in Latin America from the 19th century until today. Taught in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-332",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 333",
    "title": "To Infinity and Beyond: Jorge Luis Borges: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An examination of the work of the Latin American writer and thinker, Jorge Luis Borges. Readings may include essays and poetry, but the emphasis will be on Borges's short stories. While the course will explore the themes of Borges's work, activities and assignments will be geared toward strengthening Intermediate level proficiency and developing Advanced level skills on the ACTFL scale. Taught in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 334",
    "title": "Women Writers of Latin America: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Varies) This course focuses on notable women writers across various time periods, literary genres, and countries in Latin America. It will examine works of poetry, short story, journalism, and novels that directly connected to relevant social, political, environmental, and economic issues",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 201D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 335IH",
    "title": "Travel in Latin Am Lit & Film: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Su) The course examines travel in Latin America texts and films as exploration and search for individual and national identity and as disruptive displacements caused by political and economic forces and the problems of adapting to a new environment. In English",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-335ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-335ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 342",
    "title": "Spanish Literature and Art: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() This course covers canonical Spanish literary works. The readings comprise a combination of short texts (poems and short stories) and three novels. Students learn the aesthetic and philosophical tenets of different periods. Spanish painting produced during the same periods is taught to help elucidate these tenets. Students take written response quizzes throughout the semester as well as write a midterm paper and a final paper. The course is taught mostly in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 201D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-342",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-342.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 350",
    "title": "US Latino Cultures: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines the history and culture of Latino communities in the US. It centers on the largest Hispanic populations found in the US today: Mexican, Dominican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban. Taught in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-350",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-350.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 351",
    "title": "US Latino Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examination of the major authors, works, and literary movements of U.S. Latino literature. Taught in English. Spanish majors and minors will read and write in Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-351",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-351.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 352IH",
    "title": "U.S. Latino Text & Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will focus on different topics concerning U.S. Afro-Latino communities in the United States. Through the reading and viewing of a variety of Latino literature and films, students will learn about themes such as immigration, race, identity, gender, language and politics that characterize the Mexican American, Cuban, Puerto Rican and Dominican communities. Alternates English and Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WRIT 101W"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-352ih",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-352ih.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 361",
    "title": "Latin American Text and Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "These themes may include history, race, gender, politics and literary trends in Latin America. Focus will vary depending on the professor. In Spanish.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 323",
      "SPNS 324"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/spns/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-361",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-361.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 362",
    "title": "Hispanic Poetry: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course focuses on poetry from Spain and Latin America. Students learn how to identify and analyze poetic devices, and they complete short writing assignments throughout the semester on the assigned poems. Taught in Spanish Department of Modern Languages Literatures.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
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      "gallatin-000225"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 363IH",
    "title": "Spanish Cinema: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course explores the history of Spanish cinema and students watch movies that are representative of diverse styles and social/political issues, such as surrealism, class struggle under the Franco dictatorship, the postmodern society ushered in during the transition to democracy, the trivialization of violence in the media, the representation of historical events, masculine violence against women, and Spain's peripheral nations (Galicia, Basque country, and Catalonia). Taught in Spanish.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 371",
    "title": "Latin America in Focus: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Analyze one topic in depth. Topics address periods, authors, issues, or themes in Latin America (i.e. The New Bolivarian Revolution, Violence in the US-Mexican border, migration, religion, race, etc.). Topics may vary with instructor and year Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 201D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 393",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 396",
    "title": "Service/Experiential Learning: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Service or experiential learning through departmental outreach initiatives or faculty-led study abroad programs. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 416",
    "title": "Latin America: Culture and Revolution: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "An intensive study of the cultural materials produced as a result of dictatorships and revolutions in Latin America and Spain including movies, documentaries, songs, literature and art. Will encourage the understanding of the mutual influence between historical events and cultural production in Hispanic countries. Focus will vary depending on the professor. In Spanish",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SPNS 202D"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 430",
    "title": "Latin Amer Perspectives: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Taught in English with Spanish reading/writing option. Focus will vary by professor. Cross-listed with HSTR 433 .",
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      "SPNS 201"
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      "gallatin-000209",
      "gallatin-000225"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 438",
    "title": "Latin American Nature in History and Culture: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Examines Latin American history and culture through the intersection of human and natural worlds from Precolumbian times to the present day. Topics will include: the globalization of biota and the making of modern Latin American societies; various human constructions of nature and their real-world implications; how the region's environmental diversity has shaped human societies; and nature's role in shaping Latin American identites and cultures.",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000209"
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 445",
    "title": "Hispanic Caribbean: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Focuses on the cultures and societies of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic. Uses cultural material (i.e. novels, films, music, and art) as well as scholarly essays to address the region's history, politics class/gender/race dynamics, religion, etc. In English.",
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      "gallatin-000209"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 470R",
    "title": "Seminar: Hispanic Literature: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Senior standing. Senior capstone course. This is a project-based course in which student will produce an original research paper on a literary/cultural studies topic. Core Qualities Effective Communicators This capstone research seminar is designed around a single research project that models the kind of analysis that literary and cultural-studies scholars publish. Students learn how to formulate an analytical and interpretive thesis, to present valid evidence in support of that thesis, present their findings in an oral presentation, and to engage in academic debate. Thinkers and Problem Solvers The research project required for this class involves “using evidence gathered through scholarly, disciplinary, and interdisciplinary methods” to “analyze, construct,” and “critique” arguments taking into consideration premises, assumptions, contexts, and conclusions.” Students in this class must (1) read and analyze primary sources; (2) study, analyze, and develop theoretical and methodological frameworks; (3) read and analyze secondary criticism by other scholars; and (4) Take a stance and defend a position both orally and in writing. Core Perspective Research This class is a project-based course designed entirely around the development and execution of a research project in literary/cultural studies. Students bring the knowledge and skills they have learned in their previous course work, and they learn how to put that knowledge to work in more extended research. Repeatable up ",
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000225"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1-6 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/spns-492",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 493",
    "title": "Study Abroad: 1-15 Credits (1-15 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 496",
    "title": "Service/Experiential Learning: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Service or experiential learning through departmental outreach initiatives or faculty-led study abroad programs. Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000162",
    "code": "SPNS 588",
    "title": "Professional Development: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses offered on a one-time basis to fulfill professional development needs of in service educators. A specific focus is given to each course which is appropriately subtitled",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 230",
    "title": "Intro to Surveying for Engineers: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Basic surveying measurements and computations for engineering project control, mapping, and construction layout; theory of observational errors and error propagation; fundamental concepts of horizontal and vertical control systems; use of topographic maps and plan-profile sheets; computation of horizontal and vertical curves; introduction to UAV and LiDAR use; USPLS and GIS introduction; introduction to computer tools used in Civil Engineering",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-230.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 273",
    "title": "Route Surveying: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Route surverys, construction surveys, and earthwork calculations",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SRVY 230"
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    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-273",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-273.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 355",
    "title": "Surveying Calculations: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, even years. Modern instrumental and computational techniques in surveying including least squares analysis, geodesy, state plane coordinates, and the global positioning system",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SRVY 230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 361",
    "title": "Intro Legal Princ in Surveying: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, even years. Principles of the profession: case law, legal aspects of boundary location, monumentation, and property descriptions",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SRVY 230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 362",
    "title": "Public Land Survey System: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) Federal and state laws and regulations governing legal land surveying; case studies and professional responsibilities",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SRVY 230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-362",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 375",
    "title": "Analytic Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Fall, odd years. Measurement and computation techniques for mapping from photographs; photo geometry, flight planning, ground control, cameras, control extension, stereoscopic instruments, UAV use in photogrammetry",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-375",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-375.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000163",
    "code": "SRVY 474",
    "title": "Project Design in Surveying: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Spring, odd years. Surveying requirements of large project; land subdivision, utilities, topography, and earthwork. Term project research and report required .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "SRVY 230"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000213"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/srvy/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/srvy-474",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 216Q",
    "title": "Introduction to Statistics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Traditional and resistant estimators of location and spread, fundamentals of inference using randomization and classical methods, confidence intervals, and tests of hypotheses. This course is taught in the TEAL format. COMMON FINAL ONLY",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000183",
      "gallatin-000184",
      "gallatin-000185",
      "gallatin-000193",
      "gallatin-000196",
      "gallatin-000207",
      "gallatin-000227"
    ],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-8 Credits (1 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Directed undergraduate research. Course will address responsible conduct of research. - Repeatable up to 8 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/stat-290r",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 291",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 332",
    "title": "Statistics for Scientists and Engineers: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Methods of estimation, data collection, analysis and display of quantitative information, continuous and discrete random variables, families of probability distributions, hypothesis testing, regression, ANOVA",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/stat-332",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 337",
    "title": "Intermediate Statistics with Introduction to Statistical Computing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) One- and two-sample tests and associated confidence intervals for means and proportions (and analogous randomization- and resampling-based techniques); One- and Two-way analysis of variance; F-tests, correlation, simple and multiple regression, contingency tables. Introduction to statistical computing, reproducible research, and analysis using a modern scripting language; emphasis on connecting study design to scope of inference in the context of authentic studies and understanding or reproducing statistical results as used in journal articles; COMMON FINAL ONLY",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 216Q",
      "STAT 332",
      "EIND 354"
    ],
    "program_ids": [
      "gallatin-000207"
    ],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 408",
    "title": "Statistical Computing and Graphical Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to statistical programming, including data importation, cleaning, graphing, and basic programming. Emphasis on use of graphical displays to explore, understand, and present data, and on organization of code",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 337"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 411",
    "title": "Methods for Data Analysis I: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Introduction to statistical inference and design, t-tools, non-parametric alternatives, one-way ANOVA, simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, with an emphasis on statistical thinking, appropriate inference, interpretation of results, and writing",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 337"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 412",
    "title": "Methods for Data Analysis II: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) Continuation of STAT 411 / STAT 511 to cover principles of experimental design, multi-factor ANOVA, repeated measures, logistic regression, Poisson log-linear regression, and introductions to multivariate and time series analyses, with an emphasis on statistical thinking, appropriate inference and interpretation, and writing. Co-convened with STAT 512",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 411",
      "STAT 511",
      "STAT 512"
    ],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 421",
    "title": "Probability Theory: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Fundamentals of probability; discrete and continuous random variables; expected value; variance; joint, marginal, and conditional distributions; conditional expectations; applications; simulation .",
    "prerequisites": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 422",
    "title": "Mathematical Statistics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Senior capstone course. Central limit theorem; order statistics; introduction to the theory of point estimation, interval estimation, and hypothesis testing",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 421"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 425",
    "title": "Biostatistical Data Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Spring, even years.) Statistical methodology applicable to vital statistics, life tables and survival curves, clinical trials, epidemiologic investigations, and cause-effect studies",
    "prerequisites": [],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/stat-425",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/stat-425.md"
  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 431",
    "title": "Nonparametric Statistics: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, odd years.) Goodness-of-fit tests, sign tests, randomization and permutation tests, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman's tests, Spearman and Kendall's measures of association, bootstrap techniques, and other alternative nonparametric test procedures. Emphasis on methods and interpretations rather than theory",
    "prerequisites": [
      "STAT 337",
      "STAT 511"
    ],
    "program_ids": [],
    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/stat/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/stat-431",
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  },
  {
    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 436",
    "title": "Introduction to Time Series Analysis: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Fall, even years.) An introduction to time series analysis considering time series regression, autoregressive, moving average, and ARIMA models, time series model building, estimation, and forecasting, and basic frequency domain methods",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "STAT 594",
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    "code": "STAT 598",
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    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 689",
    "title": "Doc Reading & Research: 3-5 Credits (3-5 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "id": "gallatin-000164",
    "code": "STAT 690",
    "title": "Doctoral Thesis: 1-10 Credits (1-10 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "PREREQUISITE: Doctoral standing Repeatable up to 99 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 207",
    "title": "Materials and Processes: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F) Exploration of technical competencies engineering, applications, processes, tools and equipment as they are employed by industry in the application of materials including but not limited to wood, metal, and composite materials.",
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    "code": "TE 250CS",
    "title": "Technology and Society: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "program_ids": [
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    "code": "TE 291",
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    "code": "TE 294",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 303",
    "title": "Circuit Construction and Troubleshooting: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 332",
    "title": "Remote and Autonomous Aircraft Systems: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "description": "(F) This course provides an introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAVs).A history of UAS, typical applications and an overview of regulations, airframe, and power-plant systems, sensors, ground control stations, airspace, weather, and other foundational skills needed to build, repair, and safely operate UAS in the U.S.airspace systems will be covered.",
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      "gallatin-000182",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 353",
    "title": "Teaching Practices: 1 Credits (2 Lab)",
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    "description": "Provides additional experiences in planning, teaching and evaluating lessons in Technology Education.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 406",
    "title": "Curriculum & Facilities Plan: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "description": "Determining appropriate development of Technology Education and Agricultural Education programs based on an analysis of student and community needs. Organizing subject matter materials and laboratory resources to promote the development of standard based curricula .",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 410",
    "title": "Computer Aided and Industrial Machining and Manufacturing: 4 Credits (2 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "description": "(Sp) Understanding of computer aided machining and manufacturing. Includes instruction in the use and operation of a complete CAM system including applications on a CNC milling machine. Course content includes machine tool technology practice related to traditional machining techniques",
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      "gallatin-000210"
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 417",
    "title": "Manufacturing Technology: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 2 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) Study and application of manufacturing concepts common to industry, including the stages of initial planning, prototype construction through the use of modern manufacturing techniques, market research, and analysis",
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      "gallatin-000210"
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    "code": "TE 490R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated. Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits (1-4 Lec)",
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    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand before requesting a regular course number Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "code": "TE 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 498",
    "title": "Internship: 2-12 Credits (2-12 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) An individualized assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in a technology field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/te-498.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 499",
    "title": "Applied Technology Management Capstone: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) Applied Technology Management Seniors only. In this two-semester capstone sequence, students will identify an individual or industry-related problem and develop a comprehensive proposal to address it. During the first semester, students focus on problem identification, research, and proposal development. In the second semester, they move into fabrication, testing, and refinement of their design. Through an iterative process of designing, building, testing, and improving, students will transform their initial concept into a functional and finished product . Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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      "TE 410",
      "DDSN 114",
      "TE 417",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 501",
    "title": "History and Philosophy of Technology Education: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "A review of national trends and issues in Technology Education and their implications for program development at the local, state and national level",
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    "id": "gallatin-000165",
    "code": "TE 530",
    "title": "3D Modeling & Animation: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This courses is designed to provide the learner with experiences that build on previous AutoCAD use and focuses primarily on the creations of 3D solid models",
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    "code": "US 101US",
    "title": "First-Year Seminar: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) First-year students (less than 30 credits taken at MSU) only. US 101US is an interdisciplinary, academic first-year experience course, taught seminar style, that builds communication and critical thinking skills while facilitating students' transition to college. The course examines questions of place, identity, and important societal issues. US 101US fulfills the university seminar requirement of the Core curriculum. It is only open to first-year students and can only be repeated with approved enrollment in a unique retake section.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/us/",
    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/us-101us",
    "markdown_url": "/gallatin/courses/us-101us.md"
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    "id": "gallatin-000166",
    "code": "US 102",
    "title": "Career Connections: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/us-102",
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    "id": "gallatin-000166",
    "code": "US 103",
    "title": "Learning Strategies: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) In this course, students will “learn how to learn” and develop critical thinking skills to solve problems. Study skills for effective reading, note taking, and test preparation are covered, as well as time management, organization, preventing procrastination, improving motivation, and reducing anxiety. Awareness and effective use of campus resources are also emphasized. The overarching purpose is to help students apply this information to their college coursework and be more effective and engaged students.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/us/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000166",
    "code": "US 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: Foundations for Academic Success: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000166",
    "code": "US 210D",
    "title": "Education, World of Work, and You: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/us/",
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    "code": "US 290R",
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    "code": "US 291",
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    "code": "US 292",
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    "code": "US 391",
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    "code": "US 460",
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    "code": "US 490R",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/us-490r",
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    "code": "US 491",
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    "code": "US 498",
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    "canonical_url": "/gallatin/courses/us-498",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000167",
    "code": "USP 191",
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    "hours": null,
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000167",
    "code": "USP 290R",
    "title": "Undergraduate Scholars Program: 1-4 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "(F) Overview of the ecological concepts and practical implementation of field methods, data collection, and analytical techniques commonly employed in the fish and wildlife profession, with emphasis on hands-on application of methods using regional case studies",
    "prerequisites": [
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      "STAT 216Q",
      "BIOB 318"
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    "code": "WILD 490R",
    "title": "Undergrad Research: 1-6 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed undergraduate research which may culminate in a research paper, journal article, or undergraduate thesis. Course will address responsible conduct of research. May be repeated Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000170",
    "code": "WILD 491",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Offering dependent on topic. Courses not required in any curriculum for which there is a particular one-time need, or given on a trial basis to determine acceptability and demand Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000170",
    "code": "WILD 492",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Directed research and study on an individual basis Repeatable up to 6 credits.",
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    "code": "WILD 494",
    "title": "Seminar: 1 Credits (1 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "() Offered as needed based on student demand. Topics offered at the upper division level which are not covered in regular courses. Students participate in preparing and presenting discussion material Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "WILD 498",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "WILD 501",
    "title": "Applied Population Ecology: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "code": "WILD 502",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Study of the theory and methods of sampling and analyzing population data for vertebrates. Estimation of population size, survival, and recruitment using competing models that relate population states and rates to habitat conditions and other covariates of interest. Computer lab. Offered in fall of odd years",
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    "id": "gallatin-000170",
    "code": "WILD 504",
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    "code": "WILD 510",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "WILD 513",
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    "code": "WILD 525",
    "title": "Human Dimensions of Fisheries and Wildlife Management: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides fisheries and wildlife management graduate students with an understanding of how social, cultural, behavioral, and demographic characteristics of humans affect fisheries and wildlife management. Offered in spring of even years",
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    "code": "WILD 548",
    "title": "Research Perspectives: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "An introduction to the philosophical underpinnings of resource science and management, with the goal of helping students to develop their own ideological perspective. A broad array of interdisciplinary readings is used to survey philosophical worldviews and explore their influence on science",
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    "code": "WILD 591",
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    "code": "WLDG 104",
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    "description": "This course presents basic mathematical topics as they are applied in a trades program. Topics covered include: use of measuring tools, measurement systems, dimensional arithmetic, percent, proportion, applied geometry, and basic trigonometry. This course is intended for CAS and AAS-degree seeking students and does NOT provide sufficient Pre-Algebra material as a pre-requisite for subsequent mathematics courses.",
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    "code": "WLDG 106",
    "title": "Welding Fabrication Methods: 3 Credits (3 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course provides an introduction to basic fabrication of structural steel in accordance with industry standards.",
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    "code": "WLDG 110",
    "title": "Welding Theory I: 1 Credits (1 Lec)",
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    "description": "his course covers welding safety, oxy-fuel and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), definitions covering joining common metals, joint and weld classifications, welding positions, power source selection, plus manual and semiautomatic cutting principles, and terminology.",
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    "code": "WLDG 111",
    "title": "Welding Theory I Practical: 3 Credits (1 Lec, 4 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Oxy-fuel practical work will involve fusion welding, brazing, and cutting. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) practical work will involve flat and horizontal welding skills using a variety of electrodes.",
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    "code": "WLDG 117",
    "title": "Blueprint Reading and Welding Symbols: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will introduce blueprints and emphasize reading and interpreting welding symbols. Topics covered include basic blueprint reading for welders; basic lines, basic views, title block information, dimensions, structural shapes, auxiliary views, section views, detail prints, welding symbols and other various blueprint information.",
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    "code": "WLDG 120",
    "title": "Welding Theory II: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course will concentrate on the processes which use inert and/or inert and active gas mixtures for shielding during welding. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) or MIG, gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) or TIG, and plasma welding and cutting (PAW/PAC) operations will be thoroughly covered. Process selection and use for welding ferrous and nonferrous metals will be covered.",
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    "code": "WLDG 121",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Practical work involves the application of GMAW and GTAW as it is used in industry today. Use of the various modes of metal transfer, joint styles, welding positions, welding of carbon and stainless steels, and aluminum alloys on various joint styles and in various welding positions, and manipulation techniques will be emphasized.",
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    "code": "WLDG 122",
    "title": "Welding Theory III Practical: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course continues skill development from WLDG 121 . Practical work involves the application of GMAW and GTAW as it is used in industry today. Use of the various modes of metal transfer, joint styles, welding positions, welding of carbon and stainless steels, and aluminum alloys on various joint styles and in various welding positions, ad manipulation techniques will be emphasized.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 130",
    "title": "Intro to Structural Welding: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) This course covers Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)), and Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW) of structural steel and stresses certification code welding on plate and structural steel in all positions. Course instruction and related information will include gas metal and flux core arc welding equipment and welding variables, shielding gases, troubleshooting equipment and weld defects, welder certification and welding codes .",
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      "WLDG 110",
      "WLDG 111",
      "WLDG 121",
      "WLDG 205"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 145",
    "title": "Fabrication Basics: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(Sp) The introduction to basic fabrication of structural steel in accordance with industry standards .",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WLDG 110",
      "WLDG 111",
      "WLDG 121",
      "WLDG 205"
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 151",
    "title": "Shop Practices: 3 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This is an on-going course during normally scheduled shop hours. It is intended to match spring semester students with live, practical shop experiences involving subject matter previously covered in other courses. Emphasis will be on productivity.",
    "prerequisites": [],
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/wldg/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 185",
    "title": "Qualification Test Prep: 2 Credits (2 Lec, 1 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "(2 Lab) S Prerequisites: WLDG 110 , WLDG 111 , WLDG 121 , WLDG 205 Corequisites: WLDG 120 , WLDG 122 This is an advanced course in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)), and Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW) procedures to prepare for industrial certification. This includes welding single vee groove weld-but joints with backing strips in the flat, horizontal, vertical, and overhead position following the American Welding Society (AWS) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) code specifications.",
    "prerequisites": [
      "WLDG 110",
      "WLDG 111",
      "WLDG 121",
      "WLDG 205"
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/wldg/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 205",
    "title": "Applied Metallurgy: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course covers basic metallurgical principles and their relationship to the following processes: welding, machining, forming, heat treating, and finishing of ferrous and nonferrous metals. Includes applied metallurgy lab testing exercises.",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000171",
    "code": "WLDG 281",
    "title": "Weld Testing Certification Lab: 2 Credits (2 Lab)",
    "credits": null,
    "hours": null,
    "description": "Students will prepare, practice and qualify for plate and pipe, according to AWS D1.1, APT 1104, and ASME Section IX codes and standards. Gallatin College",
    "prerequisites": [
      "APT 1104"
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    "code": "WLDG 292",
    "title": "Independent Study: 1-3 Credits (1-3 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "The WLDG 292 student is required to work with the instructor to develop a project plan tied to specific skill goals. In preparation for developing their course plan, students will be asked to identify deficiencies in skills. Such an individualized and reflective approach allows the student to develop skills according to what is most needed to continue to improve as a welder in the lab, and as a student in the classroom. Repeatable up to 4 credits.",
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    "code": "WRIT 001",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp) The College Writing Co-req course ( WRIT 001 ) supports college writing students on all core literacy skills needed to be successful college level reading and composition students. Students must complete WRIT 101W with at least a C- to pass this course. The course introduces students to critical reading practices on assigned College Writing non-fiction texts, fosters students’ critical thinking based on textual analysis, and engages students in composition processes: pre-writing, drafting, revision, and editing. Composing in-class paragraphs gives students practice with the writing process and engages students with the WRIT 101W course material. Course does not earn college-level credit .",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/writ/",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 080",
    "title": "Building Basic Writing Skills: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F) Building Basic Writing Skills introduces students to critical reading practices by focusing on textual analysis of non-fiction works and to writing for academic purposes by focusing on the development of the paragraph. The course also provides, in the context of writing, a review and reinforcement of principles of English grammar and punctuation associated with successful college-level writing. The goal of this course is to develop confidence and the ability to write clear and effective paragraphs and to read college-level texts. Course does not earn college-level credit",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/writ/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 095",
    "title": "Developmental Writing: 4 Credits (4 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Developmental Writing introduces students to critical reading practices within thematic non-fiction, fosters students' critical thinking based on textual analysis, and encourages questioning and exploration. Composing paragraphs and short essays provides a review and reinforcement of principles of English grammar and punctuation associated with successful college-level writing. Ability to write clear sentences is assumed.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 100",
    "title": "Composing Mindfully: 3 Credits (1 Lab, 2 Other)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Assists new college students' transition from high-school to college writing situations by focused inquiry into the concepts of writing ecology, multimodality, process, and revision . Repeatable up to 3 credits.",
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    "source_url": "https://catalog.montana.edu/coursedescriptions/writ/",
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  {
    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 101W",
    "title": "College Writing I: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "(F, Sp, Su) Studies the nature and practice of reading and writing as human interaction, with particular attention to elements of writing process and craft, to present new conceptions of writing as students enter the university writing environment",
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      "WRIT 080"
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    "code": "WRIT 104",
    "title": "Workplace Communications: 2 Credits (2 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "This course reviews the basic elements of grammar and language arts skills in business writing. Emphasis is placed on writing business letters, memos, emails, and reports for a variety of business applications as well as giving oral presentations. Letters of application and resumes are also covered.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 121",
    "title": "Introduction to Technical Writing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "hours": null,
    "description": "Effective communication is essential in every career. This course provides students with a background in the practical, technical writing skills that are necessary for effective communication in today's workplace.",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 191",
    "title": "Special Topics: 1-4 Credits ()",
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    "hours": null,
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    "code": "WRIT 310",
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    "code": "WRIT 326",
    "title": "Advanced Writing: 3 Credits (3 Lec)",
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    "code": "WRIT 371",
    "title": "Digital Rhetorics and Multimodal Writing: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "description": "(F) Covers topics concerned with rhetoric and writing in digital environments. Students will study theories, principles, and techniques of writing in blended modes and alternative (usually electronic) genres, e.g., web writing and other digital formats that integrate alphabetic-print, image, and audio texts",
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    "code": "WRIT 373",
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    "description": "(Sp) Familiarizes students with the professional news and public relations writing environment. In writing breaking and feature news stories and press releases, students will master processes by which written information is disseminated to the public, both through news media and government and corporate public information operations",
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    "code": "WRIT 450",
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    "description": "(Sp) Students will study theories, principles, and practices of public discourse, including publics, counterpublics, and community; public dissent; and visual rhetorics pertaining to public memory and social movements",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 494RH",
    "title": "Seminar: Writing Research and Publications: 3 Credits (3 Other)",
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    "id": "gallatin-000172",
    "code": "WRIT 498",
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    "description": "(F, Sp) An individual assignment arranged with an agency, business or other organization to provide guided experience in the field Repeatable up to 12 credits.",
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